Quality Of Beet Research Articles

Improving sugar beet yield, quality, and water use efficiency by nursery and transplanting practice under semi‐arid conditions

AbstractTransplanting is a useful technique to produce sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in arid and semi‐arid regions that face water scarcity and salinity. The major challenge in transplanting is to improve the economic benefits that smallholder farmers have in the self‐production of transplants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, quality, and water use efficiency (WUE) of sugar beet in response to transplanting and different options in transplant production process. Two field experiments were conducted at two sites. The first experiment investigated the effects of seedling age at transplanting, volume of the substrate, and transplanting date. The second experiment investigated the effects of substrate media and transplant production conditions on sugar beet yield and quality. In both experiments, transplanting was compared to the direct seeding on the conventional planting date at both sites. The highest white sugar content (12.1% and 13.5%) and white sugar yield (10.2 and 12.1 t ha−1) were obtained from plants transplanted in mid‐May at sites 1 and 2, respectively. Also, root yield, total sugar content, and WUE were higher in transplanting than direct seeding. The 40‐day‐old transplants produced in 22 mL cell volume when transferred to the field in mid‐May had higher WUE than the direct seeding. The transplants produced outside the greenhouse (uncontrolled conditions) had nearly the same yields as those produced inside a greenhouse under controlled conditions. We suggest that using readily available substrates and not requiring greenhouse conditions for transplant production is a cost‐effective way for smallholder farmers to produce their own seedlings.

Mechanical Properties of Sugar Beet Roots under Impact Loading Conditions.

Root damages due to mechanical impacts result in deterioration in commercial sugar beet quality. In order to determine the mechanical characteristics of roots, a stand equipped with a pendulum enabling impact investigations of whole beets was used. The roots were stored in a monitored environment for up to 5 days (temperature 15 ± 2 °C, 40 ± 2%). During the tests, the beets were struck against a flat steel resistant surface with the velocities Vimp = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m·s-1. The measurements of local root curvatures in three chosen impact areas and the deformation (dmax) allowed modelling of the volume of contact (CV) by means of the ellipsoid cap. These investigations enabled the determination of the relations between the maximal impact force, Fmax, the impact energy, Eimp, and the absorbed energy, Eabs, as well as the contact volume and impact velocity, taking into account the root storage time, St. It was found that the maximal impact force increased with increasing impact velocity and decreased with the storage time for each group of roots. With increasing velocity, there were also increases in the following: impact energy, absorbed energy, contact volume and maximal deformation, as well as absorbed energy, referred to as the mass Eabs-v from Vimp. The mean values of the stresses (σmax), being the quotients of the impact force (Fmax) and the surface area of the ellipsoid cap base (ABE), were 0.81-1.17 MPa, 1.064-1.59 MPa and 1.45-1.77 MPa for the velocities of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m·s-1, respectively. It was confirmed that the statistical significance of the mentioned parameters changes depending on the impact velocity.

Effect of water deficit irrigation and bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet

Effect of water deficit irrigation and bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet

Influence of time of sowing and nutrient management on yield and quality of table beet in Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from November 2019 to March 2020 to find out the effect of date of sowing and nutrient management on the growth, yield and quality of table beet. The experiment comprised three dates of sowing, viz. 15 November 2019, 15 December 2019 and 15 January 2020, and five nutrient managements, viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (RDF) N-P-K @ 60-100-60 kg ha–1, respectively, 75% RDF + cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, 25% RDF + cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, 75% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, 25% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Growth traits, yield components, yield and quality were significantly influenced by date of sowing, nutrient management and their interactions. The highest shoot length and leaf number and were recorded in early sowing on 15 November fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha–1. The highest root girth, root length, root yield, TSS (%) and value of vitamin c were recorded when the crop was sown on 15 November. Yield components, root yield and grain TSS (%) gradually decreased due to delay in sowing. In case of nutrient, the highest root girth, root length, root yield and value of TSS (%) were recorded when the crop was fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha–1. The highest value of ascorbic acid was recorded when fertilized with 25% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1. Early sowing on 15 November fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha–1 was found to be promising practice for the cultivation of table beet under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soils of Bangladesh.

Efficacy of anti-transpiration on yield and quality of sugar beet subjected to water stress

The current study took place at Shandaweel, Sohag governorate, Egypt, (latitude of 24.54° N and longitude of 32.94° E) and included two seasons, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, to study the efficacy of anti-transpiration on yield and quality of sugar beet subjected to water stress. Three replications in a split-plot randomized complete block design were used in the experiment. The treatments included three irrigation levels (100, 80, and 60% of the recommended irrigation) in cases 12, 10, and 7 irrigations were applied and given at an average interval of 15, 18, and 26 days, which were randomly in the main plots, while, three anti-transpirant substances (Chitosan, Glycerol, and Magnesium carbonate), as well as water-sprayed plants (control) were placed in subplots randomly. Plant growth, chlorophyll, relative water content, cell membrane stability index, sugar production, and quality index were all lowered by drought stress in both seasons. Furthermore, under drought conditions, proline, free radical scavenging activity, and sucrose levels all increased significantly. In both seasons, the application of anti-transpiration substances had a substantial effect on improving the examined features when compared to the control. Foliar spray of chitosan or glycerol had a beneficial effect on physiological, morphological, and quality characteristics of the examined plants, compared to the control treatment. Generally, anti-transpirants reduced water use and increased water production in general when irrigation water was scarce. Furthermore, spraying anti-transpirants, which were responsible for lowering water use, considerably enhanced most of the growth and yield measures as well as quality.

Productivity of sugar beet in various crop rotations of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe with organo-mineral fertilizer

Aim. To establish the influence of the structure, recruitment and placement of field crops in different rotations on the general productivity, yield and quality of sugar beets in particular. The research was carried out in the subzone of unstable moisture of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on typical low-humus chernozem of the Panfil Research Station of the Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences. Methods. The technology of growing agricultural crops in the experiment is generally accepted and recommended for the research area. Chemical plant protection agents were used to produce competitive commercial sugar beet products. Results. The results of research carried out in a long-term stationary field experiment, which was established in 2001, to study crop rotations on typical chernozems of unstable moisture in the Left Bank Forest Steppe, convincingly indicate that during the 2016−2020 research period, the 8-field crop rotation turned out to be the most rational in this zone saturated with 62.5 % grain, 25 % fodder and 12.5 % technical crops: perennial legumes – winter wheat – sugar beets – corn for grain – corn for agriculture – winter triticale – spring wheat – spring barley for organic-mineral intensification systems (by-products of the predecessor + N100 P100 K100 for sugar beets). Conclusions. The yield of sugar beets, which were grown after winter wheat, as a precursor and a corresponding set of crop rotations, was in the range of: 50.86–53.21 t/ha, while the sugar harvest was at the level of – 13.5–13.7 t/ha. The economic efficiency of growing sugar beets in the structure of multi – rotational crop rotations is: conditionally net profit – 70.67–75.05 thousand UAH/ha with a high level of profitability – 338–362 %.

The Effects of Foliar Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet

Çalışma farklı yaprak gübrelerinin şeker pancarı (Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera)’nın verim ve kalitesine etkisini belirlemek amacı ile Burdur ilinde 2016/2017 şeker pancarı üretim sezonunda yapılmıştır. Araştırmada şeker pancarı tarımında kullanılması önerilen Aminofol, Batguano, Borzinc, Comozink, Flora-X, Foton, Humatex-SF, Sıvı solucan gübresi olmak üzere 8 farklı yaprak gübresi kullanılmıştır. Uygulamaların şeker pancarının biyolojik verimini yaprak verimini, kök-gövde verimini, polar şeker oranı ve polar şeker verimini önemli seviyede etkilediği bulunmuştur. En yüksek yaprak (1055.7 kg/da,) kök-gövde (6947.0 kg/da), biyolojik (7896.3 kg/da) ve polar şeker verimi (1248.0 kg/da) Foton yaprak gübresi uygulandığı zaman alınmıştır. Polar şeker oranı Foton (% 17.96) ve Flora-X (% 17.81) yaprak gübresi uygulamalarında en yüksek olmuştur. Kullanılan diğer yaprak gübreleri de verime farklı oranlarda olumlu katkı sağlamışlardır. Kesin sonuca ulaşmak için bu çalışmaların uzun yıllar farklı lokasyonlarda yapılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Effect of Magnetic Water, Number of Irrigation, Foliar Application with Salicylic Acid and Potassium on Productivity and Quality of Sugar Beet

Effect of Magnetic Water, Number of Irrigation, Foliar Application with Salicylic Acid and Potassium on Productivity and Quality of Sugar Beet

Natural Synedrella Residues as a Growing Substrate Ingredient: An Eco-friendly Way to Improve Yield and Quality of Beet (Beta vulgaris) Microgreens

Microgreens are a new type of edible fresh vegetable salad which are harvested before the cotyledons have fully developed but before the real leaves have entirely emerged. Being new to the market, appropriate substrates which are economical have yet to be established in order to increase production. In order to increase the yields of beet microgreens, this study tested natural synedrella residues (aerial parts) as a growing media component. This investigation was carried out in 2022 at the Prayoga campus in Bengaluru to assess the effects of synedrella residues combined with growth substrates on the yield and quality of beet microgreens grown in a greenhouse. The growth parameters analysed were germination rate, height, fresh and dried weight, and quality of beet microgreens (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, microbial safety) grown on substrates of synedrella residues, vermicompost, red soil and coco peat in different combinations. Results showed that the presence of Synedrella nodiflora residues in the growing substrate has increased the yields, quality, germination rate and microbially safe for consumption. Beet microgreens grown on these substrates along with syndrella have minimal levels of microbiological contamination (total coliforms) as a result, they can be consumed as a healthy and safe fresh vegetable salad in the human diet. Results show that employing this natural material as a component in growing substrate could boost beet microgreens' yields and nutritional profile, leading to a sustainable approach.

Impact of Compost Tea and Spirulina platensis Algae on Sugar Beet Grown under Different Levels of Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient for plant growth, improving the absorption and utilization of some other nutrients and controlling total plant development. Compost tea (CT) is an aqueous extract of compost that contains high organic matter levels necessary for plants and aerobic soil microorganisms. <i>Spirulina platensis</i> is a multi-cellular blue-green micro-alga that contains green pigments, high levels of nutrients and plant growth regulators. This work was designed to study the possibility of using CT and <i>S. platensis</i> algae culture filtrate (ACF) in improving plant growth, yield and quality of sugar beet grown under different nitrogen fertilizer levels. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Two field experiments were conducted at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Province, Egypt, during the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons. The study involved two N levels (90 and 120 kg/fed), three CT rates (without, 30 and 60 l/fed) and three ACF levels (without, 1 and 2 l/fed) three times. A split-plot design was used. <b>Results:</b> Adding 120 kg N/fed increased crop growth rate (CGR), root yield/fed (RY) and sugar yield/fed (SY), while, sucrose (%) and quality index (QI) decreased. Soil drench with 60 l CT/fed incremented leaf area index (LAI), CGR, sucrose (%), RY and SY. Increasing ACF level up to 2 l/fed increased LAI, sucrose (%), QI, RY and SY. Root yield was positively correlated with SY and negatively with QI. <b>Conclusion:</b> Applying 90 kg N/fed combined with a soil drench of 60 l CT/fed and foliar spraying with 2 l ACF/fed thrice can be recommended to attain economical root and sugar yields.

Growth and Quality of Sugar Beet and Its Relationship to Sowing Method, Nitrogen and Boron Fertilization

Growth and Quality of Sugar Beet and Its Relationship to Sowing Method, Nitrogen and Boron Fertilization

Optimisation of irrigation strategy in sugar beet farming based on yield, quality and water productivity

Present experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation levels on yield, yield components and quality of drip-irrigated sugar beet under sub-humid conditions. Field experiments were conducted in the 2019 and 2021 growing seasons in the Bursa province of Turkey. Experiments were carried out in completely randomised blocks design with three replications. Irrigations were scheduled based on the replenishment of 100 (S1), 66 (S2), 33 (S3), and 0% (S4) of soil water depletion within the soil profile of 90 cm using 7-day irrigation intervals. In 2019, root yields varied between 29.32 (S4)–86.31 (S1) t/ha and sugar yields between 6.33–13.57 t/ha. In 2021, root yields varied between 26.18 (S4)–74.56 (S1) t/ha and sugar yields between 6.56–12.53 t/ha. Effects of different irrigation levels on investigated parameters were found to be significant (P < 0.01). The crop water consumption values were significantly related to root and sugar yields (P < 0.01). Based on present findings, S1 treatment was recommended to get the highest root and sugar yields. In case of limited water resources, S2 (33% water shortage) treatment with the highest water productivity and irrigation water productivity values could be recommended to ensure maximum efficiency from the applied irrigation water quantity.

Optimum biochar application rate for peak economic benefit of sugar beet in Xinjiang, China

Biochar application improves soil environment and thus enhances crop yields. However, its optimum application rate is site- and crop-specific. Our aim is to determine the optimum biochar application rate (OBAR) in sugar beet by investigating its influences on economic profit. A 3-year field biochar application test for sugar beet was conducted in Xinjiang, China. Plastic film mulch and drip irrigation were applied. Five treatments of biochar application rates were made. For each treatment, same biochar rates (i.e. 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 t ha−1) were applied in each year from 2018 to 2020 with a few exceptions where biochar rates were manipulated according to the results of the first two years. The physiological ecology indicators, irrigation water and fertilizer productivities and economic profit were analyzed. The N, P and K uptake during growth stages of sugar beet, the physiological ecology indicators (e.g. aboveground and underground biomass, leaf area index) and sugar content increased with increase in biochar application rate. The irrigation water and partial fertilizer productivities and economic benefits were the greatest at the biochar application of 10 t ha−1 for each year, which was recommended as the best dose for sugar beet planting. For sugar beet planting in arid and semi-arid zone, continuous application with OBAR of 10 t ha−1 had the maximal economical profit, the net profit increase was 6.94 billion dollars compared with no biochar application. Therefore, considering the comprehensive responses of the nutrient uptake, salt absorption, yield, and the economic benefit of various biochar application rate, the biochar application rate of 10 t ha−1 year−1 was recommended as the optimum dose. There were complicated interactions of soil, biochar and crops, further studies involving multi-discipline overlap are needed to reveal the yield, quality and productivity increase mechanics of sugar beet affected by biochar.

Effect of Severities and Timing of Defoliation on Root Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) at Alkadarou

A field experiment was conducted in winter for two successive seasons (2015-2016 and 2016-2017) at College of Agriculture Farm, University of Bahri, Sudan to investigate the effect of severities and timing of defoliation on root yield and quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block / factorial with four replicates. Three defoliation severities 0% (control) ,50%, and 100% were applied which referred to as S0, S1, and S2 respectively and four dates of defoliation 7weeks after sowing , 10weeks after sowing , 13weeks after sowing , and 16 weeks after sowing (WAS) which referred to as T1 , T2 , T3 , and T4 respectively. Results showed that 100 % defoliation decreased significantly Brix%, Pol. %, root yield t/ha, and white sugar t/ha in both seasons when compared to control. Results revealed that different treatments of defoliation time, in first season, had no significant differences on Pol. %, root yield t/ha, and white sugar t/ha; and significant differences only on Brix. % . In second season Pol. % and root yield t/ha were not significant whereas Brix. % and white sugar t/ha were significantly decreased as affected by different treatments of defoliation time. Generally, 100% defoliation at 13 WAS gave the lowest records of studied parameters in both seasons.

Productivity and Quality of Sugar Beet in Relation to Sowing Methods and Plant Density Under Center Pivot Irrigation System

Productivity and Quality of Sugar Beet in Relation to Sowing Methods and Plant Density Under Center Pivot Irrigation System

Potassium deficiency reduces sugar yield in sugar beet through decreased growth of young plants

AbstractBackgroundOptimum potassium (K) nutrition is essential for high sugar yield and quality of beet crops.AimsWe quantified the effect of potassium deficiency on sugar beet dry matter and sugar yield formation during the growing season.MethodsSugar beets were grown on low, medium, and high soil K concentrations in a long‐term K fertilizer field experiment on a silt loam alluvial soil. Plants were harvested at four time points during the growing season, including the final harvest. At each harvest, the dry matter yield and K concentration of leaves and beets (when applicable) were recorded, allowing us to study their growth rates in different growth phases. At the final harvest, sugar concentration and internal beet quality were measured.ResultsLow soil K concentrations resulted in an approximately 10% lower sugar yield compared to high soil K supply. Interestingly, retarded growth of low K plants already occurred during the germination phase and in the first weeks thereafter, whereas later on, growth rates were similar. Higher soil K levels led to an increased K uptake rate and thus a higher final total K uptake. High K plants showed rapid youth growth and reached their maximum growth rates earlier than plants grown under low K conditions. The initial differentiation between the low and high K treatments persisted because the plants subsequently grew at similar growth rates at both low and high soil K supplies.ConclusionThe early growth reduction in the low K treatment was probably caused by the low amount of K stored in sugar beet seeds in combination with low K availability in the soil. It is concluded that under overall low soil K conditions, adequate amounts of K fertilizer should be applied to meet the demand of sugar beet seedlings for maximum growth and final sugar yield. Banded K fertilizer application next to the plant rows is supposed to be efficient for this purpose.

Ülkemizde Şeker Pancarı Tohumluk Üretimi

Sugar beet is an important agricultural and industrial crop that contributes to Turkey’s economy. It is not only the source of sugar production in our country but also become an important sector with seed production. The seeds are one of the most important issues directly affecting the root yield and quality of sugar beet. There are a lot of registered sugar beet varieties and sufficient seed production in Turkey. According to the data in 2020 year, the seeds of sugar beet varieties were produced with a sowing area of 11.891 decare, seed production was 2.317 tons and 198 kg/da in seed yield. The seed amount is completely belonging to the seed companies operating in the private sector. Besides, 413 tons of sugar beet seeds were imported and 11.312 million dollars was paid, while 143 tons of seeds were exported and 1.584 million dollars income was obtained in 2020. The sugar beet plant produces leaves above the ground and root in the first year, and grows the stem, branch, flower and seeds in the second year. Therefore, seed production needs a long time and intensive labor requirement. In order to shorten this two-year period in seed production of sugar beet, firstly seedlings belonging to male and female lines of a hybrid variety are grown and then, the seed production is performed by transplanting these seedlings. In this review, commercial hybrid seed production of sugar beet is explanied in detail.

Effect of algae extract foliar application and inter-row planting distances on the yield and quality of sugar beet

Effect of algae extract foliar application and inter-row planting distances on the yield and quality of sugar beet

Impact of Sowing Dates and Planting densities on yield and quality of Sugar beet

Impact of Sowing Dates and Planting densities on yield and quality of Sugar beet

Effect of Wheatgrass Juice on Nutritional Quality of Apple, Carrot, Beet, Orange and Lemon Juice.

Fresh fruit and vegetable juices are commonly consumed as a valuable source of nutrients, while wheatgrass juice is, due to its nutritional value, used as a natural dietary supplement. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of wheatgrass juice addition to apple, beet, carrot, orange, and lemon juice on total and in vitro bioaccessible concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn, vitamin C concentration, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. In comparison to other juices, wheatgrass juice had the highest total and in vitro bioaccessible concentrations of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn, while beet juice had the highest K concentration. Lemon and orange juices had the highest vitamin C concentration, while the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content were found in wheatgrass juice. After the addition of wheatgrass juice, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn concentration increased in all examined juices, vitamin C concentration increased in apple, beet, and carrot juice, total phenolic content increased in carrot juice, while total flavonoid content increased in apple, carrot, and orange juice. In comparison to the examined juices, wheatgrass juice has better nutritional value, and it could be used in a mixture with other juices to improve their nutritional value.