Quality Of Power Supply Research Articles

Development of an educational laboratory stand at the base fast-acting automatic reserve input

Currently, the issue of improving the reliability and quality of power supply is one of the most important directions in the development of the electric power industry. Reducing material losses associated with short-circuits and reductions in power supply voltage in the power supply systems of critical industries facilities is of partocular importance to the implementation of fast-acting automatic reserve input using a modern elemental base. The article considers the description and development of a demonstration laboratory stand of fast-acting automatic input of backup power in order to provide practical study and understanding of multilateral power supply so as to ensure the reliability of electricity supply to consumers.

Application of Dynamic Reactive-power Compensator Based on SVG in Coal Mines

With the improvement of automation degree of coal mine mechanical and electrical equipments, such as conveyors, crushers, mining motors, inverters, and a large number of non-linear loads, cause large reactive power consumption, power factor of coal mine power grid, power supply quality and stability, and bring greater influence to coal mine safety production and economic benefits. As a new generation of high voltage dynamic reactive power compensator, SVG (Static Var Generator) has fast response and compound functions, such as compensating reactive power, suppressing harmonic and imbalance with FC(Filter Capacitor), which plays a good role in improving the power quality of coal mine. This paper designs the system parameters of SVG in coal mine and introduces its application.

Advances in high-voltage supercapacitors for energy storage systems: materials and electrolyte tailoring to implementation.

To achieve a zero-carbon-emission society, it is essential to increase the use of clean and renewable energy. Yet, renewable energy resources present constraints in terms of geographical locations and limited time intervals for energy generation. Therefore, there is a surging demand for developing high-performance energy storage systems (ESSs) to effectively store the energy during the peak time and use the energy during the trough period. To this end, supercapacitors hold great promise as short-term ESSs for rapid power recovery or frequency regulation to improve the quality and reliability of power supply. In particular, the electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) which offers long and stable cycle retention, high power densities, and fast charge/discharge characteristics with a moderate operating voltage window, is a suitable candidate. Yet, for implementation of the EDLC in ESSs, further research effort is required in terms of increasing the operating voltage and energy densities while maintaining the long-term cycle stability and power densities which are desirable aspects for ESS operation. Here, we examine the advances in EDLC research to achieve a high operating voltage window along with high energy densities, covering from materials and electrolytes to long-term device perspectives for next-generation supercapacitor-based ESSs.

Competition Development in Retail Electricity Markets: Opportunities for Improving the Russian Laws on the Electric Power Industry

Taking measures to develop competition and improve market relations is of paramount importance for the functioning of the electric power industry. This is due to the implementation of the strategic tasks set for the industry to improve the reliability and quality of power supply to consumers, the need to achieve the energy security goals of the Russian Federation, and the role of the electric power industry in strengthening the national economy. Currently, retail markets are highly concentrated and have poor competition due to a number of problems that have not yet been resolved. The Russian Ministry of Energy has prepared a promising model of competitive retail electricity markets that establishes basic requirements for a promising model of these markets, as well as the areas where competitive relations should be developed. The implementation of the underlying principles of the concept requires amendments to Russian laws on the electric power industry. To this end, we propose to consider drafting a federal law and a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation in furtherance thereof.

Design and Exploration of Real Time Monitoring System for Power Grid Operation Safety Based on YOLO Object Detection Algorithm

As a fundamental industry of the national economy, the development level of the power industry directly affects the national economic construction and people's lives. With the continuous acceleration of modernization, higher requirements have been put forward for the safe operation of the PG. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve the integration of remote real-time monitoring, management, and maintenance under the current situation, and combine modern information technology methods for research and analysis. To meet the system requirements and ensure the quality of power supply, a suitable and efficient job safety management system platform is designed for the practical situation of power grid (PG) operation safety, and is based on the YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm operating environment. This platform can be effectively applied in daily electricity management work to improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of PG enterprises. Afterwards, this article also conducted functional testing on the security real-time monitoring system, and the test results showed that the accuracy of the system reached over 80%; the recall rate was over 85%; the average accuracy was between 0.4 and 0.7; the system stability was between 90% and 97%; the scalability of the system was over 93%.

Device for reducing asymmetry

This article focuses on the development and analysis of a device designed to reduce voltage asymmetry in electrical systems. Voltage asymmetry can lead to negative consequences, such as equipment overloads, increased energy losses, and unstable power supply. The article discusses the fundamental principles of the device, its components, and control methods to achieve an optimal level of voltage symmetry. The presented research results emphasize the device’s effectiveness in improving the quality of power supply and ensuring the stable operation of electrical grids.

ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНАЯ СИСТЕМА КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА ЭЛЕКТРООБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЛУЧАЙНЫХ ТОКОВЫХ НАГРУЗОК ЕГО УЧАСТКОВ

The paper proposes а method for describing the process of reliable functioning of the enterprise’s power supply system by determining the permissible limit value of the current pulse for the satisfactory functioning of the power supply system. The main differences to the requirements of the electrical system of a modern enterprise are analyzed. Now mandatory requirements are equipment diagnostics, data transmission and, at a number of facilities, remote control, which can not be done without the use of high-performance microprocessor devices that set increased requirements for the operation of power supply systems. It is shown that the use of mechanical and semi-automatic devices to protect equipment is no longer enough, while modern systems have the ability not only to re-enable equipment, turn on backup power, but also adjust active and reactive powers using compensating devices, etc. It is shown how to find the slope of the straight line from the experimental probability and current impulse to determine the limiting value of the current. The operation of an information-measuring system that continuously monitors the behavior of the enterprise’s power supply system is shown. Recommendations are given on the application of the proposed method for protecting the enterprise’s electrical system. А structural-functional block diagram of an information-measuring system (IМS) for operational control with feedback of the quality of power supply of enterprises under conditions of random current consumption of its sections has been developed.

SIEMS: A Secure Intelligent Energy Management System for Industrial IoT Applications

Microgrids are industrial technologies that can provide energy resources for the Internet of Things (IoT) demands in smart grids. Hybrid microgrids supply quality power to the IoT devices and ensure high resiliency in supply and demand for PV-based grid-tied microgrids. In this system, the usage of predictive energy management systems (EMS) is essential to dispatch power from different resources, while the battery energy storage system (BESS) is feeding the loads. In this article, we deploy a one-day-ahead prediction algorithm using a deep neural network for a fast-response BESS in an intelligent energy management system (I-EMS) that is called <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SIEMS</i> . The main role of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SIEMS</i> is to maintain the SOC at high rates based on the one-day-ahead information about solar power, which depends on meteorological conditions. The remaining power is supplied by the main grid for sustained power streaming between BESS and end-users. Considering the usage of information and communication technology components in the microgrids, the main objective of this article is focused on the hybrid microgrid performance under cyber-physical security adversarial attacks. Fast gradient sign, basic iterative, and DeepFool methods, which are investigated for the first time in power systems e.g., smart grid and microgrids, in order to produce perturbation for training data. To secure the microgrid’s <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SIEMS</i> , we propose <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">two</i> Defence algorithms based on defensive distillation and adversarial training strategies for the first time in EMSs. We apply and evaluate these benchmark adversarial attack and Defence methods against the proposed machine learning models to increase the robustness of the models in the system against adversarial attacks.

Enhanced compensation strategy of voltage harmonics for Doubly-Fed induction generator

Using the idle capacity to compensate voltage harmonics at the point of common coupling (PCC) is an important reflection of participating in power grid regulation for the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), which is very beneficial to improve the power supply quality in the regional power grid. Due to the pouring of power electronized devices, the uncharacteristic harmonics of which frequencies are unfixed appear in the power grid. The existing voltage harmonics compensation methods mainly focus on the traditional characteristic harmonics. The frequencies of these kinds of harmonics are fixed and pre-known (6n ± 1 orders). This fact makes the existing methods only work at the specific and fixed frequency, and cannot deal with the harmonics of which frequencies are uncharacteristic or unfixed. Therefore, starting from the theoretical analysis of voltage harmonics at PCC, this paper investigates the mechanism that can simultaneously compensate for the characteristic and uncharacteristic harmonics of PCC voltage, and indicates that decreasing the impedance of DFIG in the frequency range of harmonics is the core of voltage harmonics compensation. Then, this paper proposed a wideband control structure and the matched controller, so that the impedance of DFIG can be effectively decreased in a wideband frequency range. The design procedure of the harmonics controller co-currently considers the compensation performance and system stability. Finally, this paper carries on the evaluation based on the hardware-in-the-loop platform and scale-down experimental platform to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the control strategy.

Огляд європейських тенденцій розвитку електротранспорту та його взаємодії з енергетичним сектором

An overview of the trends in the development of electric transport in European countries is presented, including the state and tax policy of supporting electric transport owners, the dynamics of the growth of the European fleet of electric vehicles, the development of charging infrastructure and the main principles of the interaction between electric vehicles and power system. The experience of countries that have successfully developed electric transport was reviewed, and it was found that the demand for electric cars mostly depends on the price of electric cars for the end user, infrastructure development and government incentive programs. The review also showed that, in practice, the wide spread of electric vehicles should occur simultaneously with the development of the corresponding infrastructure, as well as the development of systems for their interaction with the energy system and compliance with global environmental standards. The growing number of electric vehicles certainly requires special attention from network and power system operators, because the appearance of charging stations of various manufactures and capacities, installed in residential areas, private and apartment buildings, can lead to the number of problems, the emergence of which is associated with electromagnetic compatibility, overloading of electric cables and distribution transformers, safety of operation, that as a result can negatively affect the reliability and quality of power supply. There is also the potential risk that with a certain number of EVs, there will not be enough existing generation capacity and capacity of the electricity grid to charge EV batteries. The analysis of the principles of interaction between electric vehicles and power system in Europe showed that they are based on the concept of Smart Grid - smart or intelligent power supply networks, by means of which the electric vehicle charging system can be managed by the energy supplying company in order to solve a number of energy system tasks: increasing the efficiency of network infrastructure using, peak load shift and the development of smart grid infrastructure. Keywords: electric vehicle, electric charging station, charging infrastructure, power system, environmental requirements, the Smart Grid concept

SSA‐optimized cascade optimal‐PIDN controller for multi‐area power system with RFB under deregulated environment

AbstractIn today's rapidly evolving interconnected electric power system network, ancillary service such as automatic generation control (AGC) plays a critical and important role in safeguarding the system's power supply quality by establishing an equilibrium between generation and load demanded plus losses. A power system with a robust and smart AGC strategy is obligatory for better power quality and system security. Cascade control schemes cope up better with nonlinearity by tuning the gain of controller of power system amid continuous load changing. Therefore, in this article, a supplementary control approach that is, cascade optimal controller‐proportional integral with derivative filter (COC‐PIDN) is suggested for AGC performance advancement of the power systems under deregulated environment. The OC designed consuming full state feedback control approach acts as master controller and PIDN plays the role of slave controller. The nature inspired salp swarm algorithm is employed to adjust the PIDN parameters. Initially, the efficacy of the COC‐PIDN control‐method is explored on a two‐area restructured reheat thermal system and then to validate its excellence and extensibility, the study is protracted to restructured two‐area thermal‐hydro system. Extensive analysis of the findings establishes that the dynamic performance of the COC‐PIDN controller is more valuable than the OC and COC‐PID approaches. The results of COC‐PIDN get further improved in presence of redox flow battery. Finally, the sensitivity analysis as well the acquired results with the COC‐PIDN controller with system nonlinearities demonstrate its robustness.

Analiza kvaliteta električne energije na satnom nivou kod priključenja elektrana na obnovljive izvore energije

Analyses necessary for the new power plant connection contain the following power quality analyses carriedout using the simulation model: Estimation of the emission level of the voltage waveform asymmetry at the point of connection, estimation of the high harmonic components at the connection point and estimation of the emission level of long-term and shortterm flicker. Limits for the previously mentioned parameters have been defined in the National Grid Code (at the national level) or in the international standards. According to the international standards, the limit is considered violated if the duration of the parameter value violation exceeds 5% of the monitored period. Conventional approach of power quality analysis through software tool assumes only analysis for the most critical regime: when the short-circuit power at the point of connection is the lowest and the new power plant produces maximum active power. Based on this approach mitigation measures for improving power quality supply are sometimes suggested to the plant investor. In should be noted that Renewable Energy Sources (RES) do not have maximum output power during the whole year, and consequently, power quality deterioration is much less than in the critical regime observed in the simulations. For power quality simulation purposes, technical sheets of the equipment contain high harmonic levels for the full operation range are used from which usually the worst (highest) harmonic injections are considered for modelling RES as a harmonic source. In this paper, the results of power quality analyses for the RES connection using hourly resolution data for the one-year period based on DPL (DIgSILENT Programming Language) in DIgSILENT PowerFactory software package will be presented. This approach gives the duration of the limit violation, and consequently, more reliable results in comparison with the results of the conventional approach.

PROBLEMS OF OPERATION OF AN INFORMATION AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE QUALITY OF ELECTRICITY IN URBAN CONDITIONS

The article considers the types of metrological equipment for measuring the parameters of the quality of electrical energy in electrical installations, outlines the directions for improving the quality of power supply, including a proposal for the introduction of a set of metrological equipment that meets modern requirements for the normalization of electricity quality parameters and has an interface with the ASKUE.

Effects of the Quality of Power Supply on Diabetic Retinopathy Screenings: An Experience From India

Effects of the Quality of Power Supply on Diabetic Retinopathy Screenings: An Experience From India

DIGITAL CONTROL OF BUCK CONVERTER USING ARDUINO AND 8051 MICRO-CONTROLLER

The recent advancement in the domain of processors of embedded modules and integrated systems has put on the requirement of high performance, uninterrupted quality of power supply for its accurate and quality performance. For this accurate and quality power supply, the power electronic converters play a vital role. In this conversion process there is always a fluctuation in a voltage levels and this will affect the life span of electronic components along with quality of the result being produced. The DC to DC conversion plays vital in case of electronic components. This paper is going to discuss about one of the methods that will control or reconfigure the output from the converter. With the use of micro-controllers that maybe 8051 Micro-controller or by Arduino that contain ATmega328P digitally. Along with an improved efficiency of electronic components with durable life span.

Gaussian cloud and TOPSIS based power supply quality evaluation method

The accurate evaluation of power supply quality in the distribution network is regarded as an important way to improve the power quality of the user side and guide the power quality management of the power grid. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation method of the power supply quality based on the Gaussian cloud (GC) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed in this work. First, multiple evaluation indexes of the power supply quality are customized based on the measurement data of the distribution network and the power supply work order. On this basis, an index conversion method based on Gaussian cloud is adopted to convert the above indexes into Gaussian cloud distribution. Then, a comprehensive evaluation method of power supply quality based on TOPSIS is proposed for converting the similarity between Gaussian clouds into comprehensive evaluation results. Case study on power supply quality in Zhejiang province, China is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method. The result shows that the power supply quality can be evaluated by proposed method in an objective and reasonable manner.

Construction of Power Supply Stability Control Model for Wind Connected Power Grid

There are many problems in the power supply stability control of wind power generation system, such as large fluctuations, poor control effect and so on. Therefore, a new stability control model of wind power grid connected is designed. Determine the DC grid connection mode when the wind farm is connected, convert the DC power into AC power through the converter station, and transmit it to the final AC system to realize the grid connection of wind power and power grid; According to the determined wind power access mode, calculate the mechanical operation power, mechanical torque and wind energy utilization coefficient collected by the wind turbine, complete the best collection of wind energy, and determine the shafting according to the mass block model of the wind turbine and generator, so as to realize the research on the mathematical model of wind power generation. By analyzing the power flow direction of the stator and rotor of the wind turbine generator set, the unstable state of the power supply voltage of the wind turbine generator set after grid connection is determined. The PV curve method is used to calculate the steady-state voltage stability of grid connected wind turbines, and a power supply stability control model based on the voltage stability of grid connected wind turbines is established. The nonlinear objective function method is used to optimize the critical point of power supply stability, calculate the maximum load and maximum power of the system, establish the static power supply and transient power supply stability model after wind power grid connection, and realize the power supply stability control research of grid connected wind power through the analysis of power supply characteristics. The experimental results show that the model is closer to the stability of the actual power supply in the test of improving the stability of the power supply, ensuring the quality of power supply, while the test results of the other two methods have large fluctuations. In the analysis of the change of power supply after grid connection, the experimental results obtained by the model are very close to the actual data values. Therefore, this method can effectively improve the performance of power system.

Identification of Customer’s Power Supply Quality Demand and the Strategy of Value-Added Service of Premium Power Supply

The value-added service of premium power supply (VSOPPS) serves as a significant way for power companies to enhance their competitiveness of electricity selling. Premium power supply as a quantitative concept is characterized by power quality indices. However, there exist dramatic differences among customers for their demand in premium power supply. Hence, it is more feasible for utilities to consider customer’s demand categories of premium power supply and provide value-added services according to demand categories. Firstly, the customer’s diversified demand in premium power supply and utility’s service will are investigated. The index system of power quality demand classification is propounded, including customer value indicator and power quality utility indicator. Secondly, based on the index system and the importance degree of all indicators, the identification model of customer’s demand categories of power supply quality is built by combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, and the differentiated VSOPPS package is designed. Ultimately, the cost benefit model of value-added service is put forward, in order to determine the value-added service contents of one customer and calculate the price of value-added service. The reasonability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are testified through the practical case.

Digitalization of the energy sector: genesis, content, components, evaluation methodology

Currently, in the context of the transition to the development of new sources of renewable energy, the issues of digitalization of the energy sector are becoming increasingly relevant. Digitalization captures all areas of activity and involves the integration and transformation of the energy system, which makes it possible to obtain socio-economic effects. Five groups of indicators have been identified (human capital, reliability and quality of power supply, availability of electricity, environmental sustainability, and political and infrastructural readiness of the country for digitalization), which provide an objective assessment of the digitalization indices of the energy sector of a particular country. Approbation of the procedures and the results obtained was carried out by the method of factor analysis using limited and contributing functions. As a result of the assessment, the leading countries were identified in terms of the digitalization of the energy sector, which have an impact on countries with a low level of digitalization and on the development of mechanisms and tools for the digitalization of the sector. As part of this study, the prerequisites and main components of the readiness of countries for the digitalization of the energy sector are highlighted. The applied analytics made it possible to identify potential points of growth in the digitalization of countries with its low level, to develop appropriate measures. Seven stages of the processes of digitalization of the Russian energy sector are identified, indicating the resulting effects and directions for its possible development.

A Lightweight Power Side-Channel Attack Protection Technique With Minimized Overheads Using On-Demand Current Equalizer

A lightweight on-demand current equalizer is proposed in this brief to enhance the resistance of the encryption engine to power side-channel attack (PSCA) with a minimized performance-power-area (PPA) overhead. The proposed on-demand current equalizer is operated based on the real-time activity of the encryption engine to minimize the corresponding current signature leakage, while enhancing the supply quality by reducing the voltage droop. Therefore, an encryption engine employing the proposed PSCA protection technique has a low power overhead without suffering from any performance degradation. In addition, an embedded randomization method is proposed to further strengthen the resistance of the encryption engine to PSCA while maintaining the power supply quality. A prototype chip that integrates the proposed design, a 128-bit advanced encryption standard (AES) engine, and a digital low-dropout voltage regulator (DLDO) was fabricated in 180-nm CMOS technology. Measurement results show that the proposed design achieves <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$234{\times }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> minimum traces to disclose (MTD) improvements in correlation power analysis (CPA), with no performance overhead, 21.17% power overhead, and 32.88% area overhead, respectively.