Information Quality Evaluation Research Articles

Evaluation of information quality derived from AI-related information systems used for risk applications

The use of artificial intelligence, such as text and image generators, is increasingly prevalent and accessible. These technologies have been both criticized and also promoted for their potential to automate tasks and increase efficiencies. From a risk perspective, we can interpret these technologies as a new addition to an already-abundant toolkit that can aid in risk applications. However, these new technologies need to be vetted for use in risk applications, regardless of whether the technology was designed for risk analysts, risk management, or risk communication purposes. As these AI-related technologies continue to grow in use, there is a need to gauge the quality of information that emerges from these technologies as that information is used for risk applications. This paper leverages current risk science quality indicators to develop 14 criteria that can be used to gauge the quality of information derived from AI-related information systems to be used for risk applications. Those 14 criteria are then demonstrated on a widely used AI-based information system. The insights from this paper can help understand both the benefits of these technologies and also additional implications for risk science methods, policies, and research.

Small molecule autoencoders: architecture engineering to optimize latent space utility and sustainability

Autoencoders are frequently used to embed molecules for training of downstream deep learning models. However, evaluation of the chemical information quality in the latent spaces is lacking and the model architectures are often arbitrarily chosen. Unoptimized architectures may not only negatively affect latent space quality but also increase energy consumption during training, making the models unsustainable. We conducted systematic experiments to better understand how the autoencoder architecture affects the reconstruction and latent space quality and how it can be optimized towards the encoding task as well as energy consumption. We can show that optimizing the architecture allows us to maintain the quality of a generic architecture but using 97% less data and reducing energy consumption by around 36%. We additionally observed that representing the molecules as SELFIES reduced the reconstruction performance compared to SMILES and that training with enumerated SMILES drastically improved latent space quality. Scientific Contribution: This work provides the first comprehensive systematic analysis of how choosing the autoencoder architecture affects the reconstruction performance of small molecules, the chemical information content of the latent space as well as the energy required for training. Demonstrated on the MOSES benchmarking dataset it provides first valuable insights into how autoencoders for the embedding of small molecules can be designed to optimize their utility and simultaneously become more sustainable, both in terms of energy consumption as well as the required amount of training data. All code, data and model checkpoints are made available on Zenodo (Oestreich et al. Small molecule autoencoders: architecture engineering to optimize latent space utility and sustainability. Zenodo, 2024). Furthermore, the top models can be found on GitHub with scripts to encode custom molecules: https://github.com/MarieOestreich/small-molecule-autoencoders.Graphical

Study on the quality evaluation of mobile social media health information and the relationship with health information dissemination

Mobile social media has become one of the most convenient, widespread ways for users to obtain health information. We construct a mobile social media health information quality evaluation system by conducting a questionnaire survey among 20 experts and 684 users. Then, 498 health WeChat official accounts were selected for empirical research. Results show that health information quality on WeChat official accounts is not high, which is positively correlated with the WeChat communication index, but the content value of health information is not correlated with the WeChat communication index. Our research has reference value for health information governance in mobile social media.

Data quality assurance in research data repositories: a theory-guided exploration and model

PurposeThis study addresses the need for a theory-guided, rich, descriptive account of research data repositories' (RDRs) understanding of data quality and the structures of their data quality assurance (DQA) activities. Its findings can help develop operational DQA models and best practice guides and identify opportunities for innovation in the DQA activities.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzed 122 data repositories' applications for the Core Trustworthy Data Repositories, interview transcripts of 32 curators and repository managers and data curation-related webpages of their repository websites. The combined dataset represented 146 unique RDRs. The study was guided by a theoretical framework comprising activity theory and an information quality evaluation framework.FindingsThe study provided a theory-based examination of the DQA practices of RDRs summarized as a conceptual model. The authors identified three DQA activities: evaluation, intervention and communication and their structures, including activity motivations, roles played and mediating tools and rules and standards. When defining data quality, study participants went beyond the traditional definition of data quality and referenced seven facets of ethical and effective information systems in addition to data quality. Furthermore, the participants and RDRs referenced 13 dimensions in their DQA models. The study revealed that DQA activities were prioritized by data value, level of quality, available expertise, cost and funding incentives.Practical implicationsThe study's findings can inform the design and construction of digital research data curation infrastructure components on university campuses that aim to provide access not just to big data but trustworthy data. Communities of practice focused on repositories and archives could consider adding FAIR operationalizations, extensions and metrics focused on data quality. The availability of such metrics and associated measurements can help reusers determine whether they can trust and reuse a particular dataset. The findings of this study can help to develop such data quality assessment metrics and intervention strategies in a sound and systematic way.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first data quality theory guided examination of DQA practices in RDRs.

Processing and quality evaluation of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in flexible pouches

AbstractDry beans are a nutrient‐dense food with a history of processing in metal cans to improve convenience for consumers. Flexible retort pouches have been gaining popularity as a food package to replace metal cans because they are lighter in weight and require less energy to process. While there are potential benefits of using pouches for processed bean products, a pilot‐scale pouch processing protocol for beans is needed for testing to expand to wider commercial applications. To address that need, the objectives of this study were to optimize a pouch processing method for dry beans and assess the subsequent quality of pouch‐processed beans. Black and kidney bean genotypes from different field trials and production years and harvested by different threshing methods were used in this study. Pouch processing was conducted with two types of pouches at a pilot facility, and processing quality included texture, appearance, and color. Cooking time of dry seeds was assessed to understand how variety and environmentally induced differences in cooking time influence pouch processing quality. Kidney beans that required longer dry seed cooking times had firmer texture when pouch processed (r = .72, p < .01). Both genotype and production year impacted cooking time and pouch processing quality. Threshing method had a significant impact on the appearance of processed kidney beans, while it had no significant impact on the processing quality of black beans. Pouch processing requires 42% (at 245°F/118.3°C retort temperature) or 60% (at 250°F/121°C) less retort processing time compared with canning. Both foil and non‐foil pouches can be used to differentiate varieties for processing quality, but the non‐foil pouches require much less effort to seal. This study provides a detailed methodology for pouch processing and quality evaluation of dry beans and useful information for researchers and processors in future applications of using pouches as alternative packaging for processed beans.

Underwater image classification based on image enhancement and information quality evaluation

Underwater target imaging is widely used in oceans, rivers and lakes detection fields, but due to the existence of water on light absorption scattering attenuation effect, the diffraction limit of imaging system, aberration distortion and underwater turbulence, underwater images has serious degradation, mainly manifested in noise, fuzzy and low resolution, etc. In recent years, some scholars have started from the image enhancement and restoration to improve the image degradation and improve the image clarity, but the effect still needs to be improved, and the resolution can not be improved, and some algorithms will even reduce the resolution.Resolution is an important parameter for the image evaluation, improving the image quality in the underwater imaging, especially in the human eye vision, which is largely determined by the improved resolution. Therefore, this paper starts from each aspects of image processing, studies, proposes and experiments a large number of image recovery algorithms. This paper analyzes various factors introducing noise in underwater imaging process, proposes block mixed filter image denoising method based on noise statistical characteristics, analyzes the necessity of evaluating image quality by using objective indicators, and gives the corresponding objective evaluation parameters according to the characteristics of the image recovery algorithm. According to the noise preprocessing method and the image quality evaluation method, the underwater image synthesis dataset is screened to improve the performance of the underwater object recognition model.

Public Demand Oriented Quality Evaluation Model for Rainstorm Disaster Information Disclosure

By investigating the current situation of information disclosure and public demand during rainstorm disaster in Henan Province, this paper builds a model of factors affecting the quality of information disclosure characterized by rainstorm disaster information based on TOE framework theory, metadata evaluation model, resource based theory and resource confirmation theory. With the help of the current situation and demand characteristics of the public’s actual information acquisition, it designs a model with information disclosure content quality, information disclosure accessibility, information disclosure process completeness 10 test dimensions of government information disclosure ability, government feedback ability, minimum information disclosure acceptance ability, information disclosure technology support ability, right to know protection ability, privacy protection ability, right to equality protection ability, and 35 test items of rainstorm disaster information disclosure quality impact factor evaluation scale. The research provides help for government information disclosure to more accurately identify public needs, provides targeted evaluation models and operable evaluation models for rainstorm disaster information quality evaluation in Henan, and provides ideas and strategies for improving rainstorm disaster information quality.

The role of company support in franchisee willingness to pay a premium and referrer behaviour

ABSTRACT With increasing competition in the food franchise industry, the success of a franchise operation depends on its ability to instigate franchisee patronage. This study focuses on franchisor characteristics that help in creating positive behavioural outcomes. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS software is used to analyze 266 U.S. food franchisees. Findings show the relative impact of franchisee evaluation of information quality, service quality, rewards and recognition, and customization on perceived value. Also, positive perceived value in franchisees influences their willingness to pay a premium and their referrer intentions towards franchise brands. Multigroup analysis using demographic characteristics shows that the impacts of information quality and service quality on perceived value are higher in male and older franchisees than in female and younger franchisees. In contrast, the effect of customization on perceived value is greater in female and younger franchisees. This study provides insights to develop business strategies.

Internet Health Resources on Nocturnal Enuresis: A Readability, Quality, and Accuracy Analysis.

Nocturnal enuresis is a common yet quality-of-life-limiting pediatric condition. There is an increasing trend for parents to obtain information on the disease's nature and treatment options via the internet. However, the quality of health-related information on the internet varies greatly and is largely uncontrolled and unregulated. With this study, a readability, quality, and accuracy evaluation of the health information regarding nocturnal enuresis is carried out. A questionnaire was administered to parents and patients with nocturnal enuresis to determine their use of the internet to research their condition. The most common search terms were determined, and the first 30 websites returned by the most popular search engines were used to assess the quality of information about nocturnal enuresis. Each site was categorized by type and assessed for readability using the Gunning fog score, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) index, and Dale-Chall score; for quality using the DISCERN score; and for accuracy by comparison to the International Children's Continence Society guidelines by three experienced pediatric urologists and nephrologists. A total of 30 websites were assessed and classified into five categories: professional (n = 13), nonprofit (n = 8), commercial (n = 4), government (n = 3), and other (n = 2). The information was considered difficult for the public to comprehend, with mean Gunning fog, SMOG index, and Dale-Chall scores of 12.1 ± 4.3, 14.1 ± 4.3, and 8.1 ± 1.3, respectively. The mean summed DISCERN score was 41 ± 11.6 out of 75. Only seven (23%) websites were considered of good quality (DISCERN score > 50). The mean accuracy score of the websites was 3.2 ± 0.6 out of 5. Commercial websites were of the poorest quality and accuracy. Websites generally scored well in providing their aims and identifying treatment benefits and options, while they lacked references and information regarding treatment risks and mechanisms. Online information about nocturnal enuresis exists for parents; however, most websites are of suboptimal quality, readability, and accuracy. Pediatric surgeons should be aware of parents' health-information-seeking behavior and be proactive in guiding parents to identify high-quality resources.

Quality evaluation of health information about breast cancer treatment found on WeChat public accounts

BackgroundWith growing cases of breast cancer, WeChat public account, an important information publishing platform of WeChat, has become a breast cancer treatment health information provider to a huge audience. It is essential for health information to possess high-level accuracy and reliability. This work evaluates the quality of health information on breast cancer treatment in WeChat public accounts (WPAs), to benefit the patients while making treatment decisions and provide WPA authors with suggestions on publishing high-quality treatment health information.MethodsWith “breast cancer” as keywords, searches were implemented on weixin.sogou.com and the WeChat app. The WPAs oriented to patients with breast cancer were selected, and the four latest articles of each WPA were included in a set to be evaluated with DISCERN.ResultsA total of 37 WPAs and 136 articles published by them were included. The accounts operated by individual users were 54%. The median of overall quality of 136 articles was 44 (interquartile range = 10.75) and ranked as “fair”, of which only 28 (21%) were of “good” or higher quality. Among these articles, 74 (54%) were related to medical treatments, and 13 of them mentioned clinical trials; 36 (27%) dealt with surgery. 101 (74.26%) omitted additional sources of information; 102 (75%) did not explicitly suggest shared decision-making. A significant difference was not found in the dimensions “reliability of the articles” and “specific details of information on treatment choices” between the distinct categories of account subjects and various treatment options (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe quality of the articles on breast cancer treatment health information in WPAs was moderate. WPA producers should focus on improving the reliability of information and providing more details on treatment options, to assist patients in making optimal decisions during treatment.

On Increasing Service Organizations’ Agility: An Artifact-Based Framework to Elicit Improvement Initiatives

The present research focuses on operational agility in service organizations, which are subject to variability through customers, service providers, suppliers, or unexpected events. As such, their management teams may face challenges in understanding their agility-related assets and success metrics, and furthermore in defining the scope of work for improvement initiatives. Previous research offers quite general insights into agility-related capabilities, practices, obstacles, or (agility-related) information quality evaluation. Yet, management teams need specific practices and techniques in order to improve operational agility capabilities, and thus increase their sustainable performance. We propose a conceptual framework and an artifact-centric algorithm that elicits and prioritizes improvement initiatives by (a) understanding agility-related assets by modelling operational business artifacts, (b) determining agility bottlenecks by identifying quality issues in operational artifacts, and (c) eliciting and prioritizing improvement initiatives to increase artifact quality. The framework application is discussed through a case study in a company operating in the rail freight industry, in which a set of initiatives to improve operational agility capabilities is obtained and prioritized. We conclude that the proposed algorithm is an applicable and relevant tool for management teams in service organizations, in their operational agility improvement endeavors.

Evaluation of information quality, accuracy and reliability of online videos regarding postoperative rehabilitation and postoperative patient information after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

Breaking the capacity barrier in intercalation-type anode materials for lithium-ion batteries while preserving other essential electrochemical properties remains a significant challenge. Here, using perovskite SrVO3 as a model, we demonstrate the feasibility of employing defect engineering to provide extra active sites for electrochemical reactions. Defective SrxVO3-δ samples with a unique amorphous-crystalline dual-phase structure are successfully prepared by regulating the nonstoichiometric Sr/V ratio and using a non-equilibrium solution combustion strategy to alleviate nucleation. The dual-phase SrxVO3-δ electrodes, which take advantage of both the high defect concentration advantage of amorphous and the high electrical/ionic conductivity of crystalline, give a high specific capacity of 508 mAh/g at a safe potential of 1.0 V vs. Li/Li+, showing a 40% increase over SrVO3 electrodes and outperforming most state-of-the-art intercalation-based anodes. In addition, when coupling with LiFePO4 cathode, the SrxVO3-δ electrodes can operate over 10,000 cycles with 91% capacity retention, overcoming the limited structural stability exhibited in typical defective electrodes. The study demonstrates the viability of modulating the crystallinity in intercalation-based anodes to enhance electrochemical performance and paves the way for the advancement of Li-ion battery technology.

EQIP Quality Assessment of Refractive Surgery Resources on YouTube

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the utility of EQIP as a novel tool for determining the quality of patient information on YouTube regarding refractive eye surgery. Methods Three searches were conducted on YouTube using “PRK eye surgery”, “LASIK eye surgery”, and “SMILE eye surgery”. 110 relevant videos were evaluated using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) criteria. Results The average EQIP score was 15.1 (moderate quality). On average, physician-authored videos scored significantly higher on questions 17 (p = .01), 18 (p = .001), 26 (p = .008), relating to author transparency and use of graphs/figures. Patient-authored videos scored significantly higher on questions 8 (p < .001), 9 (p < .001), 12 (p = .008), 16 (p = .02), and 21 (p = .0350). These questions addressed risks/benefits, quality of life and alert signs, date and video revisions, and personally addressing viewers. Conclusion EQIP was useful in identifying specific strengths and deficits in online refractive surgery patient education resources that were not evident from other screening tools. The quality of information on YouTube videos on refractive surgeries is average. Physician-authored videos could be improved by clarifying risks and quality of life issues. Quality evaluation of medical information is important for comprehensive online surgical education.

Does the content quality of YouTube videos about aligners differ from the perspectives of dentists and orthodontists?

Objectives: This study aimed to content quality analysis of YouTube videos about aligners in orthodontics by a dentist and by an orthodontist. Material and Methods: Considering the Google Trends analysis, the “aligner,” as the most searched keyword about aligners in orthodontics, was chosen for YouTube searching. A total of 39 included videos were watched for one time by a dentist and orthodontist. Time since upload, video duration, number of views, number of likes, number of dislikes, and number of comments were recorded. Moreover, the interaction index and viewing rate were calculated and the reliability score, video content quality (VCQ), video interaction and quality index (VIQI), and global quality scales (GQS) were recorded by both viewers. Interobserver agreement levels were interpreted with the Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and data were evaluated at P &lt; 0.05 as the statistically significant level. Results: The results showed that most of the included videos (48.71%) were uploaded by dental companies. However, the averages of VCQ in terms of uploaders were similar for both viewers. The agreement level in all videos between orthodontist and dentist was “good” level at VIQI (CCC = 0.965) and GQS (CCC = 0.943), whereas it was “very poor” level on VCQ (CCC = 0.653). Conclusion: The findings revealed that YouTube video contents about aligners provide moderate information and VCQ, independently from viewers, is similar among uploaders. The agreement levels between dentist and orthodontist on the evaluation of audiovisual quality of the videos were good, whereas this level was poor on the evaluation of information quality of videos.

Research on Information Quality Evaluation Method of Q&amp;A Community from the Perspective of Fuzzy Evaluation

[Purpose/significance] Facing the current situation of information overload in the Q&amp;A community, this paper discusses how to effectively evaluate the quality of information released in the community, so as to facilitate the staff of Q&amp;A community to screen and recommend valuable and practical answers for platform users, which will enhance user stickiness. [Method/process] Firstly, the hesitant fuzzy information evaluation matrix is established for the qualitative evaluation information. Secondly, the entropy weight method is used to initially weight the indicators in consideration of the subjectivity of information matrix. Then, considering the overlap of indicator information, the initial weights are revised based on the correlation between the indicators to improve the accuracy of answer sorting. Finally, a comprehensive ranking of answer quality is obtained based on the weighted grey relational analysis method, and the optimal answer is selected. [Result/conclusion] An example of technical Q&amp;A community from CSDN is selected to analyze. The results show that the hesitant fuzzy sets as evaluation information can effectively solve the problem of evaluation personnel’s judgment level difference, and the revised index weights are used to make the answer ranking more in line with the actual situation

Exploring the information quality of mobile government services: a literature review

This article aims to investigate the constructs that can be used to evaluate the information quality (IQ) of mobile government services. The dimension of IQ is one of the fundamental constructs that assesses the extent of information based on its accuracy, usefulness, and timeliness. Based on the review of previous studies, there is a lack of studies related to mGovernment service quality. It is not practical to measure the service quality of mGovernment by using other measurement scales such as e-service, e-commerce, or e-government. Therefore, it is necessary to understand each dimension that guides constructing a comprehensive framework to measure service quality at mGovernment. The constructs of information quality were extracted from previous literature in mobile government, mobile application service, and e-government to understand the development stages, structure, and unique features—this guide to conduct the systematic literature review to clarify the constructs belonging to the evaluation of information quality. The present article identified six constructs—understandability, timeliness, accuracy, completeness, availability, and usefulness—to measure the information quality of mobile government service. There is limited literature on mGovernment information service quality. With the development of government services on mobile devices, it is necessary to measure information quality at mGovernment service channel to understand users’ expectations. The mGovernment service provider benefits from measuring the service quality by improving the strategy and criteria of information at mGovernment portal. In addition, the end-users expect to perform the service with the best quality level of the information supplied and displayed on mGovernment platform.

Ectopic and impacted maxillary canines: A quality evaluation of online information.

To determine the quality of online information regarding ectopic and impacted maxillary canines (EIMCs). A cross-sectional survey on the Internet. An online search using eight terms was carried out using four search engines. The relevant content of websites satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed for quality by applying three quality of information instruments and one readability tool. Statistical analyses were performed through GraphPad Prism 9.0. In total, 77 websites were evaluated. Most of the assessed content was associated with oral and maxillofacial surgery (49.35%) and orthodontic websites (31.18%). The overall mean DISCERN score was 38.05 ± 9.76/80 with 59.73% of websites recording a poor or very poor score. Three (3.9%) websites contained the HONCode seal. Twelve (15.58%) websites satisfied at least three out of a maximum four JAMA benchmarks and 11 (14.29%) satisfied none. The mean SMOG score was 9.81 ± 1.52 (95% confidence interval = 9.46-10.16; range = 6.7-15.1). The quality of online information related to EIMCs was poor and the content was difficult to read. Professional societies and clinicians should consider the use of quality of information and readability tools to enable the provision for reliable, high-quality and readable online information. This will assist EIMC treatment-related decision-making and management by patients and their families.

Lecture Recording Success in Academic Face- to- Face Teaching

ABSTRACT Hundreds of academic institutions around the world dedicated considerable funding to lecture recording to accompany face-to-face teaching prior to the massive transition to distance education due to Covid-19. Furthermore, there is reason to believe that they will continue to do so after teaching will return to the physical classroom. Thus, a methodological examination of the success of lecture recordings as augmentation to face-to-face teaching should be of managerial interest. In this study, five success categories of lecture recording in a college were evaluated based on the information system success model promulgated by DeLone & McLean (1992). Results obtained through a campus-wide questionnaire and system log files showed relatively low usage of the system by students, who gave a somewhat low evaluation of system quality, information quality, and general satisfaction, but a higher assessment for the contribution of the system to their learning. Analysis also found significant correlations between success categories suggested by DeLone & McLean, with some exceptions. These results raise questions regarding the high-cost investments in lecture recording. These questions and the implication of the findings for research and higher education decision makers are discussed.

Information and analytical support for making well-informed administrative decisions in civil protection system

Purpose. To substantiate the basic requirements for information and to develop a quality evaluation method of the civil protection information and analytical support system operation in public administration. Methodology. During the research, a set of general and special methods were used: regular observation and comparative analysis, content analysis, logical generalization, quantitative and qualitative comparison, scientific abstraction and systematization. Aquality evaluation method of the civil protection information and analytical support system operation was applied, which led to outlining the quality of information as sufficient, corresponding with situation changes, and significant information for appropriate decision-making by the head of authority under certain conditions. Findings. The basic information requirements are substantiated and its quality is defined as a set of characteristics (adequacy, completeness, responsiveness and utility) that outlines the degree of its suitability for achieving the goals of the information and analytical support system in civil protection. The quality evaluation method of the information and analytical support system operation in civil protection during emergencies was elaborated; it allows evaluating quantitatively the correspondence of the quality of system operation with the requirements stipulating usage of the integrated indicator the extent of information and analytical support for the authority concerning its activity arrangement in emergencies. The obtained results of quality evaluation of the civil protection information and analytical support system operation were proposed to determine the rational method of its operation during the decision-making process by the head of authority under certain conditions. Originality. The evaluation criterion was defined: achieving the condition when the extent of implementing the information and analytical support is higher or equal to the required one and provides for further evaluation of the operation methods of the system. Practical value. It is proved that attaining the criterion of information and analytical support system operation quality in civil protection is a connecting link to the methodological approach. Therefore, there is a possibility to determine a rational method of the system operation using the hierarchical model of alternative method comparison taking into consideration analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which ensures the head of authority to perform the assigned tasks qualitatively, completely and timely.

Consumers' Evaluation of Web-Based Health Information Quality: Meta-analysis.

BackgroundThe internet has become a major source of health information for general consumers. Web-based health information quality varies widely across websites and applications. It is critical to understand the factors that shape consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality and the role that it plays in their appraisal and use of health information and information systems.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to identify the antecedents and consequences of consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality as a means to consolidate the related research stream and to inform future studies on web-based health information quality.MethodsWe systematically searched 10 databases, examined reference lists, and conducted manual searches. Empirical studies that investigated consumers’ evaluation of web-based health information quality, credibility, or trust and their respective relationships with antecedents or consequences were included.ResultsWe included 147 studies reported in 136 papers in the analysis. Among the antecedents of web-based health information quality, system navigability (ρ=0.56), aesthetics (ρ=0.49), and ease of understanding (ρ=0.49) had the strongest relationships with web-based health information quality. The strongest consequences of web-based health information quality were consumers’ intentions to use health information systems (ρ=0.58) and satisfaction with health information (ρ=0.46). Web-based health information quality relationships were moderated by numerous cultural dimensions, research designs, and publication moderators.ConclusionsConsumers largely rely on peripheral cues and less on cues that require more information processing (eg, content comprehensiveness) to determine web-based health information quality. Surprisingly, the relationships between individual differences and web-based health information quality are trivial. Web-based health information quality has stronger effects on cognitive appraisals and behavioral intentions than on behavior. Despite efforts to include various moderators, a substantial amount of variance is still unexplained, indicating a need to study additional moderators. This meta-analysis provides broad and consistent evidence for web-based health information quality relationships that have been fractured and incongruent in empirical studies.