Qualitative Theory Research Articles

Hallucination or vision? Establishing reliability and validity of AI-based qualitative analysis of the unified model of activism in the Scottish independence Twitter debate

PurposeThe present study explores both the validation of the unified model of activism and the methodological reliability of the LlamaParsing approach to natural language processing. Theoretically, it applies the unified model of activism within the context of the Scottish independence movement, evaluating its effectiveness in social media environment.Design/methodology/approachMethodologically, it addresses the reliability and validity challenges associated with AI analyses, particularly the issue of AI hallucinations—instances where AI generates seemingly accurate but incorrect information. By employing the LlamaParsing approach and then comparing and contrasting it with a quantitative content coding process, the study demonstrates how context-specific instructions can enhance the accuracy of AI analyses.FindingsThe findings indicate this approach not only tests and extends the unified model of activism but also offers a robust methodological framework for using NLP and RAG in qualitative research. This dual focus underscores the potential of AI to provide systematic and theoretically valuable insights while highlighting the importance of mitigating its limitations.Originality/valueThis study represents a cutting-edge approach to qualitative data analysis, theory development, and theory testing in communication using a tool that was developed in 2024.

Bounded Kukles Systems of Degree Three

One of the most important tasks in the qualitative theory of differential equations in the plane is the study of global asymptotic stability: an equilibrium point that is globally attractive. It is known that if an equilibrium point of a planar vector field is globally asymptotically stable, then the vector field is bounded. A planar vector field is said to be bounded if the forward orbit of every point enters and remains in a compact set. In this paper, we study cubic Kukles systems that are bounded which is the first step toward the characterization of cubic Kukles systems that are globally asymptotically stable. We emphasize that these systems form a seven-parameter family of polynomial differential systems. We obtain a total of 25 cubic Kukles sub-systems that are bounded and we provide 11 phase portraits of such sub-systems in a neighborhood of infinity.

On a Symmetry-Based Structural Deterministic Fractal Fractional Order Mathematical Model to Investigate Conjunctivitis Adenovirus Disease

In the last few years, the conjunctivitis adenovirus disease has been investigated by using the concept of mathematical models. Hence, researchers have presented some mathematical models of the mentioned disease by using classical and fractional order derivatives. A complementary method involves analyzing the system of fractal fractional order equations by considering the set of symmetries of its solutions. By characterizing structures that relate to the fundamental dynamics of biological systems, symmetries offer a potent notion for the creation of mechanistic models. This study investigates a novel mathematical model for conjunctivitis adenovirus disease. Conjunctivitis is an infection in the eye that is caused by adenovirus, also known as pink eye disease. Adenovirus is a common virus that affects the eye’s mucosa. Infectious conjunctivitis is most common eye disease on the planet, impacting individuals across all age groups and demographics. We have formulated a model to investigate the transmission of the aforesaid disease and the impact of vaccination on its dynamics. Also, using mathematical analysis, the percentage of a population which needs vaccination to prevent the spreading of the mentioned disease can be investigated. Fractal fractional derivatives have been widely used in the last few years to study different infectious disease models. Hence, being inspired by the importance of fractal fractional theory to investigate the mentioned human eye-related disease, we derived some adequate results for the above model, including equilibrium points, reproductive number, and sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, by utilizing fixed point theory and numerical techniques, adequate requirements were established for the existence theory, Ulam–Hyers stability, and approximate solutions. We used nonlinear functional analysis and fixed point theory for the qualitative theory. We have graphically simulated the outcomes for several fractal fractional order levels using the numerical method.

Readiness of Warunggunung Village, Lebak Regency in Realizing the Smart Village Program: a Review of the Smart Government Domain

In research This the existence of a Smart village in Warunggunung Village can understand problems faced by the village with understand situation latest from problems that exist in the village, with manage various source power to be effective and efficient, then maximizing objective for serve public. Study This aim for see how one dimensions of the smart village implemented namely smart government in Warunggunung Village, Lebak Regency. Method used in study This is descriptive qualitative use theory from Bakri (2004) about readiness with the STOPE model. Interview data collection done with informant from the Warunggunung Village Head's Office and parties public. Research result show that readiness village warunggunung in dimensions of smart government yet walk with Good seen from lack of budget and HR readiness of Warunggunung Village in prepare digitalization service village in Warunggung Village Because Still There is a number of features that are not yet Can walk optimally. Other perceived obstacles were also seen from side public it's the one that’s lacking participate active and public with the world of digitalization. Efforts made as preparedness and coping factor inhibitor with do training For increase the quality of human resources as well Keep going do socialization massively to the people of Warunggung Village about method use technology digital information and services.

Exponential stability of a non-uniform Euler-Bernoulli beam with axial force

The aim of this paper is to investigate the boundary stabilization of a non-uniform Euler-Bernoulli beam with axial force generated by the equation ρ(x)utt+(σ(x)uxx)xx−(q(x)ux)x=0 defined in (0,1)×(0,∞), where the coefficients ρ(x)>0, σ(x)>0, and q(x)≥0. By adopting a new technique based on a qualitative theory of fourth-order linear differential equations, we prove that the spectrum of the system operator is confined to the open left-half complex plane and that all the associated eigenvalues are geometrically simple. Using this result and the Riesz basis approach, we obtain the exponential stability and the optimal decay rate of the system. This study extends the earlier paper by B.-Z. Guo [SIAM J. Control Optim., 40 (2002), pp. 1905–1923], where no axial force acting on the system (i.e., q≡0).

Editorial for the Special Issue of “Fractional Differential and Fractional Integro-Differential Equations: Qualitative Theory, Numerical Simulations, and Symmetry Analysis”

Editorial for the Special Issue of “Fractional Differential and Fractional Integro-Differential Equations: Qualitative Theory, Numerical Simulations, and Symmetry Analysis”

Shariah Contracts in Private Equity and Its Prospect for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME)

This study explores the significance of contracts in private equity applications, particularly in addressing Shariah compliance concerns inherent in traditional private equity structures. Private equity plays a crucial role in funding and nurturing SMEs, aligning with equity-based activities that are conducive to Islamic finance principles. Using a qualitative Grounded Theory approach, the study involves interviews with various stakeholders in the financial industry. Grounded theory is an iterative and inductive method that systematically analyses data to uncover patterns and themes, generating hypotheses or theories derived directly from the data. The study identifies murabahah, ijarah, mudarabah, and musharakah as suitable contracts for private equity applications. These findings illuminate opportunities for financial industry participants, particularly SMEs, to innovate and access funding through private equity avenues.

Review of Research on the Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations at St. Petersburg University. II. Locally Qualitative Analysis of Essentially Nonlinear Systems

Review of Research on the Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations at St. Petersburg University. II. Locally Qualitative Analysis of Essentially Nonlinear Systems

Cybersecurity leadership policy and compliance for institutions of higher education

Cybersecurity pairs with information asset storage and security for institutions of higher education. When institutions of higher education lack effective cybersecurity leadership, cyber incidents escalate. Worldwide, institutions of higher education are experiencing threats and vulnerabilities woven in their information systems and technology applications. This requires strategic resolutions. One strategy is cybersecurity and information security policy. Research collected worldwide proves usage of cybersecurity policy aligned with federal international law, establishes a cyber culture of compliance. Furthermore, personnel, internally and externally, are the bridge to managing access to data assets, and unless they are knowledgeable of the policy mandated by the institution and its cybersecurity infrastructure, the results of non-compliance can be catastrophic. Since the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology enacted cybersecurity policy for federal information systems. Institutions of higher education must adhere to these standards and guidelines to manage threats and vulnerabilities programmed in their hardware, software, and cloud. Therefore, why are so many institutions of higher education neglecting to align policy and enforcement of policy with these standards? What problems are creating non-compliance among institutions of higher education personnel and executive leadership? How can cybersecurity leadership improve policy and compliance to control risks factors programmed in information systems, technology, and cloud applications, institutions of higher education rely on to reduce human error? To assess and answer these questions, the researcher deployed qualitative grounded theory lite research to assess trends of cybersecurity leadership at institutions of higher education and to improve policy development and compliance.

Analysis of a class of fractal hybrid fractional differential equation with application to a biological model

Recently, the area devoted to fractional calculus has given much attention by researchers. The reason behind such huge attention is the significant applications of the mentioned area in various disciplines. Different problems of real world processes have been investigated by using the concepts of fractional calculus and important and applicable outcomes were obtained. Because, there has been a lot of interest in fractional differential equations. It is brought on by both the extensive development of fractional calculus theory and its applications. The use of linear and quadratic perturbations of nonlinear differential equations in mathematical models of a variety of real-world problems has received a lot of interest. Therefore, motivated by the mentioned importance, this research work is devoted to analyze in detailed, a class of fractal hybrid fractional differential equation under Atangana- Baleanu- Caputo ABC derivative. The qualitative theory of the problem is examined by using tools of non-linear functional analysis. The Ulam-Hyer’s (U-H) type stability criteria is also applied to the consider problem. Further, the numerical solution of the model is developed by using powerful numerical technique. Lastly, the Wazewska-Czyzewska and Lasota Model, a well-known biological model, verifies the results. Several graphical representations by using different fractals fractional orders values are presented. The detailed discussion and explanations are given at the end.

Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method for Fractional Order SIS Epidemic Model

This research manuscript addresses finding a solution to the SIS Epidemic model using the Caputo derivative. To achieve the required results, Laplace transform together with the Adomian Decomposition Method (LADM) were utilized. This method is a powerful tool for dealing with various linear and nonlinear problems of fractional-order differential equations (FODEs). Additionally, some results related to the qualitative theory of the model of interest were studied. The computational results showed the verification of the performed analysis. The investigation of the approximate solution computed in the form of an infinite series was carried out. The results were graphically displayed to analyze the adopted procedure for solving nonlinear FODEs using the Caputo fractional derivative.

On the qualitative behaviors of Volterra-Fredholm integro differential equations with multiple time-varying delays

This article considers a Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation including multiple time-varying delays. The aim of this article is to study the uniqueness of solution, the Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability and the Ulam–Hyers stability of the Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation including multiple time-varying delays. We prove four new results in connection with the uniqueness of solution, the Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability and the Ulam–Hyers stability of the considered Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation, respectively. The new results of this article involve sufficient conditions. The techniques of the proofs depend on the fixed point method according to the definitions of a suitable metric, operators and the related calculations. In particular case of the considered Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation, two illustrative examples are presented to verify the applications of the results. This article also involves some new complementary outcomes in connection with qualitative theory of Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations with delays.

Pendidikan Karakter Mandiri dalam Wacan Bocah Majalah Panjebar Semangat 2023

Panjebar Selamat Magazine is a Javanese language magazine that provides various kinds of reading material, the contents of which contain character education values. Character education is the main thing, it is hoped that character education can become the most important foundation for Indonesian children to have good dignity. This research aims to explain the description and analyze the values ​​of character education in the children's discourse of Panjebar Spirit magazine. This research uses a sociological theoretical approach. The method used is qualitative descriptive analysis theory. The source of data used in this research is children's stories in the Panjebar Spirit magazine. The data used in this research are excerpts from children's stories in the Panjebar Spirit magazine. The instruments used were the researchers themselves and supporting instruments, namely the Panjebar Selamat magazine, books and stationery. Techniques for collecting data using reading, note-taking and describing techniques. The method of data analysis used in this research is by collecting data, classifying data, presenting data, and concluding data. The results of this research are independent character education, there are four parts, namely: hard work, creativity, discipline, and courage.

A family of generalized Liénard differential systems with an explicit limit cycle

One of the important problems in the qualitative theory of real planar differential systems is limit cycles i.e., isolated periodic solutions in the set of all periodic this concept was defined at the end of the 19th century by Poincaré, and with the works of van der Pol and Liénard. The significance of these isolated solutions lies in their key role in understanding the dynamics of a certain differential system. Afterward, Hilbert specified a list of 23 problems for the advancement of mathematical science, and from then it started intensive research on these problems throughout the 20th century. Of the 23 problems, only the so-called 16th Hilbert’s problem and the Riemann conjecture remain open until now. The second part of the 16th Hilbert problem has two parts and asks for an upper bound on the number of possible limit cycles and their positions for a planar polynomial differential system of a given degree. The theory of the limit cycle operating as an indispensable mathematical tool has found broad and important applications in modern physics, chemical, biological, ,and other fields. Then the progress of these fields, in turn, promotes limit cycle research. In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the limit cycle for a family of generalized polynomial Liénard differential systems, the explicit expression of this limit cycle is given. An example illustrating our results is additionally presented.

THE IDEOLOGY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION CELEBRATION SPEECH: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF TEXT

This study aims to discover critical discourse analysis in the text of speeches by Nadiem Makarim and Muhadjir Effendy. The speeches of these two figures were chosen because the text is a kind of Critical Discourse Analysis object (CDA). The Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method examines the relationship between language, ideology, and power. The descriptive qualitative method was used in this study. The researcher uses Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional framework (CDA) to analyze Critical Discourse Analysis data. The researchers used qualitative data analysis theory from Miles and Huberman (1994) to present and analyze the data, which included data reduction, data display or representation, and conclusion drawing or verification. The result of this study shows that both the script of speeches from Nadiem Makarim and Muhadjir Effendy have micro, mezzo, and macro-level related to the framework of Norman Fairclough. The language used in both speeches is the standard language. Still, the speech of Nadiem Makarim used more natural and creative language that can touch the millennial generations. In contrast, in the speech of Muhadjir, familiar words can confuse the audience.

Influence of a rural Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship on medical graduates’ geographic and specialty decisions: a constructivist grounded theory study

BackgroundLike many countries, Australia is suffering from a longstanding and persistent medical workforce maldistribution with fewer doctors per capita in rural locations and a trend towards sub-specialisation. Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships (LIC), a medical education model, are more likely than other clerkship models to produce graduates who work rurally, in communities of increasing remoteness and in primary care. While this quantitative data is essential, there has been a dearth of program-specific evidence explaining this phenomenon.MethodsTo address this knowledge gap, a constructivist qualitative grounded theory approach was employed to identify how the Deakin University comprehensive rural LIC influences graduates’ (2011–2020) career decisions in terms of both medical specialty and geographic practice location.ResultsThirty-nine graduates participated in qualitative interviews. The Rural LIC Career Decision Making Framework was developed, postulating that an alignment of personal and program factors under the central concept of ‘choosing to participate’ can influence graduates’ geographic and specialist career decisions, both individually and symbiotically. Once embedded in the clerkship, participation was augmented by the concepts of learning design affordance and learning in place, providing the participants with longitudinal opportunities to experience and compare medical disciplines in an integrated manner.ConclusionsThe developed framework presents contextual elements of the program that were deemed influential on graduates’ subsequent career decisions. The alignment of these elements with the program’s mission statement has the capacity to enhance the program’s rural workforce goals. Regardless of graduates’ willingness to participate in the program, a transformation occurred. Transformation occurs through reflection, either challenging or confirming the graduate’s pre-conceived ideas about career decisions and in turn influencing professional identity formation.

Dynamics of the epidemiological Predator-Prey system in advective environments.

This paper aims to establish the existence of traveling wave solutions connecting different equilibria for a spatial eco-epidemiological predator-prey system in advective environments. After applying the traveling wave coordinates, these solutions correspond to heteroclinic orbits in phase space. We investigate the existence of the traveling wave solution connecting from a boundary equilibrium to a co-existence equilibrium by using a shooting method. Different from the techniques introduced by Huang, we directly prove the convergence of the solution to a co-existence equilibrium by constructing a special bounded set. Furthermore, the Lyapunov-type function we constructed does not need the condition of bounded below. Our approach provides a different way to study the existence of traveling wave solutions about the co-existence equilibrium. The existence of traveling wave solutions between co-existence equilibria are proved by utilizing the qualitative theory and the geometric singular perturbation theory. Some other open questions of interest are also discussed in the paper.

Mitigating Chatbots AI Data Privacy Violations in the Banking Sector: A Qualitative Grounded Theory Study

This research study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) data poisoning on data privacy violations in AI-enabled banking chatbots, employing a qualitative approach grounded in AI, data privacy, and cybersecurity theories. Through qualitative grounded theory research approach, viewpoints were gathered from a group of IT professionals in the banking sector. The research uncovered the impact of AI data poisoning across different professional roles, ranging from direct breaches to indirect exposure. Key findings revealed a spectrum of mitigation strategies, from technical solutions to basic awareness and mixed responses regarding the impact on personally identifiable information (PII), underscoring the complexity of safeguarding customer data [1]. Despite potential limitations stemming from the rapidly evolving AI landscape, this study contributes valuable insights into effective strategies for mitigating AI data poisoning risks and enhancing the security of AI-enabled chatbots in banking. It highlights the critical importance of developing robust security measures to protect sensitive customer data against privacy violations.

Dos Perspectivas Teóricas para Explicar la Gran Historia: Fred Spier & Pedro Ortiz Cabanillas

The central hypothesis of this research is that there are currently two theoretical proposals within the Big Story: the better known proposal of Fred Spier (1952 - ) and the lesser known proposal of Pedro Ortiz Cabanillas (1933 – 2011) implicitly contained in his Sociobiological Informational Theory. We will proceed to present and synthesize the two theories of Big History made by Spier and Ortiz, comparing them and identifying points of contact and differences. Spier’s theoretical proposal presents the becoming of the universe in three moments: cosmological, biological and social. The epistemological basis being a qualitative theory of complexity. Ortiz’s proposal (based on a qualitative theory of information) presents the evolution of the universe in six levels of complexity. In parallel, we would have: level 0 (Spier’s cosmological moment); level one, two, three and four (Spier’s biological level); and level 5 (Spier’s social moment). There are occasional differences between the two approaches, but more are the articulations and points of contact. The hypothesis of this research is correct: Spier (explicitly) and Ortiz (implicitly) have explanatory theories of Big History. Even if Spier and Ortiz never had contact (neither personally nor academically), their theories are articulated in the same explanatory scheme and are epistemologically nourished simultaneously. Big History is strengthened by what is presented here

Nurses Experience of Prone Position in The Absence of Positioning Tool, and Suggestion of Prone Position Tool: A Phenomenology Study

During the COVID-19 pandemic which is a non-natural disaster, the ARDS cases (Acute Respiratory Disease Syndrome) rocketed. Despite the advantages of prone positioning for ARDS care, ICU staff seldom use it due to the unavailability of positioning tools, making it a challenging task for nurses. This study aims to investigate nurses' experiences with manual prone positioning and propose ICU-friendly prone position tools. This research method used a qualitative phenomenology theory study to 15 ICU nurses who were experienced in prone positioning at least 10 times to intubated patients and had complaints about the intervention. The experience was gathered using structured questions and recorded. The data was analyzed following Colaizzi’s thematic method, and all the emerged themes were collected and reported. The research results show that fifteen interviewed nurses noted that prone positioning is physically demanding and requires a coordinated team with a minimum of three staffs, 2 handles patient positioning, 1 leader securing the intubation tube. Before starting, the team assesses the difficulty level. Recommended tools include a slide sheet with handles, a modified Vollman prone positioner, and a crane-like prone harness. The conclusion is nurses find tools highly beneficial for prone positioning but will improvise with available resources like underpads as a ring-shaped pillow if tools are unavailable.