Qualitative Research Articles Research Articles

Dog Acquisition in Lower-Income Communities as Consumer Behavior: An Exploratory Qualitative Study

Introduction: This qualitative research article examines the nature of the decision-making processes used by people to acquire dogs in low-income communities compared to how people in middle and upper socioeconomic communities make this decision. Methods: We explored the preferences, thoughts, and concerns that influenced decisions of a convenience sample of 40 respondents who acquired dogs or puppies within the last 2 years. Sixty-five percent of respondents (N = 26) described living in or near poverty, while 35% held middle or upper socioeconomic status. To elicit detailed accounts of their decision-making process, a semi-structured interview was administered. Results were subjected to qualitative data analysis to identify different features of the acquisition process and to compare these features by respondents’ socioeconomic status. Results: Most respondents described similar ‘stages’ in dog acquisition as consumers making other high-involvement purchases: recognizing need (mulling), information-gathering and evaluating (creating criteria sets, sourcing pragmatically, and encountering decision triggers), and adjusting to new dogs post-acquisition. Aspects of acquisition were extended or attenuated, and more complex than predicted by models built for inanimate products. Social class influenced some but not all stages of dog acquisition. Conclusion: Findings from this analysis support advertising and wide dissemination of adoptable dog information. A community engaged model of sheltering including non-judgmental adoptions, community veterinary and behavioral pet support, and building trust could increase local dog adoption.

Factors affecting healthcare workers burnout and their conceptual models: scoping review

BackgroundThe occupational stress that contributes to the development of burnout syndrome remains one of the greatest scientific challenges. Despite years of research into burnout and its determinants, burnout continues to attract the attention of researchers, and healthcare workers (HCWs) continue to experience burnout in large numbers. Burnout has a significant impact on both the mental and physical well-being of HCWs and reduces patient-centered healthcare. This review aims to identify the factors affecting healthcare workers’ burnout (FAHCWB) and their conceptual models.MethodsThe review was conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley's framework using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, ProQuest, Sage, Science Direct, and EBSCO using the following keywords: healthcare professionals, burnout, and internal/external factors. Empirical, qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-design research articles published in English with full-text access in peer-reviewed journals that investigated the FAHCWB were included. For an in-depth analysis of the included articles, the authors developed a data synthesis table, and thematic analysis was applied to the analysis.ResultsAccording to the inclusion criteria, 38 articles were selected for further data analysis. Six main themes were identified: (1) FAHCWB; (2) conceptual models of FAHCWB; (3) research tools for studying FAHCWB; (4) findings on FAHCWB in the context of different models; (5) differences between findings from different models; (6) what is known and not known about FAHCWB. The results of the review show that most researchers conduct research on factors affecting burnout (FAB) based on factors related to the work environment, with fewer studies based on individual factors, including personality factors. Most of the research is based on the model developed by Maslach et al. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) has been used in most studies.ConclusionsDespite years of research, burnout continues to evolve rapidly, indicating that scientific research needs to be re-focused. Research should be conducted using different conceptual models and new research tools that allow the syndrome to be studied from a multidimensional perspective, including both the work environment and individual factors.

“Contrary to findings from previous studies...”: Paradigmatic and ethnolinguistic influences on disagreement negotiation in research article discussions

Academic disagreement is integral to knowledge construction in academic writing. The present study reports on a two-level analysis of academic disagreement in discussion sections from an integration of cross-linguistic and cross-paradigmatic perspectives. Based on a corpus of 80 applied linguistic research articles (RAs), this study examined whether functional components and engagement realizations of academic disagreement differed between Chinese and English RAs and between quantitative and qualitative RAs. Results demonstrated that English RAs negotiated with alternative views more often than Chinese RAs. Quantitative RAs more frequently settled academic disagreement with detailed explanations or supportive evidence than qualitative RAs. Chinese qualitative RAs differed markedly from other RA groups. These differences were attributable to culturally preferred discursive strategies, paradigmatically valued epistemological norms, and socially oriented views of the scientific approach. This study sheds light on how to implement interpersonal strategies to manage scholarly disagreement in different varieties of academic writing.

Exploring the Role of Lesson Planning on Prospective Teacher Professional Skills at the University of Narowal: A Qualitative Research Study

This qualitative research article investigates the impact of lesson planning on the professional skills of prospective teachers at the University of Narowal. Lesson planning is a critical component of effective teaching, and it usually influences the effectiveness of teacher training programs. The study employs qualitative research methods, including interviews and focus group discussions, to explore the perspectives and experiences of prospective teachers regarding the influence of lesson planning on their professional skill development. The study involves sixteen prospective teachers enrolled in teacher education programs in the 3rd and 8th semesters at the University of Narowal. As a sample of the study, these prospective teachers were selected by using a purposive sampling technique. The findings stated that lesson planning may play a key in teaching skill development and professional growth and make teaching and learning more effective during a planned class.

Sex Work and Parenthood: The Experiences of Female Sex Workers Who Are also Parents or Caregivers: A Scoping Review.

Complex interactions exist between sex work and parenthood, impacting the lives of those in sex work who also provide care for others. This scoping review aims to review the experiences and challenges of female sex workers who are parents or caregivers, highlighting the socioeconomic, psychological, and legal dimensions of their dual roles. The rationale for this review stems from the recognition that sex workers who are also parents face unique and multifaceted challenges that significantly impact their wellbeing and that of their children. The five stages of a scoping review suggested by Arksey and O'Malley were followed in this study. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across electronic databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. This study covered publications written in English from 2010 to 2023. Studies were selected based on their focus on sex workers who are parents or caregivers. Both qualitative and quantitative research articles were included. Thematic analysis was employed to synthesize findings across the selected studies. Studies published prior to 2013, studies that were not published in English, and studies that did not address the experiences of female sex workers who are parents or caregivers were excluded from this study. The review identified 14 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Five key themes emerged from this study: (1) social stigma and healthcare discrimination; (2) legal challenges; (3) mental nexus; (4) risk behaviors and exposing children to a hazardous environment; and (5) social support. Sex workers who are also parents or caregivers navigate a multifaceted landscape of challenges and resilience. Policy reforms are needed to reduce stigma, provide financial support, and ensure legal protections for this key population.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Macules, Papules, and Bullae.

The objective of this discussion paper is to illuminate the importance of early identification and treatment of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). SJS/TEN may occur as quickly as 4 days, more commonly 4 to 8 weeks after starting a new medication and early identification is essential. A review of literature revealed there is a lack of diagnostic awareness related to the clinical presentation and diverse populations at risk for this devastating syndrome. A Boolean search was conducted, and six quantitative and qualitative research articles were discovered that indicate a knowledge disparity between "rash" versus SJS/TEN. Research indicates evidence-based best clinical practices for nurses and health care practitioners for assessment of risks, clinical presentation, and treatment. Prompt diagnosis and discontinuation of the suspected medication will reduce potential life-threatening sequelae.

‘Normal news is boring’: How young adults encounter and experience news on Instagram and TikTok

Instagram and TikTok constitute the fastest rising social media apps for news consumption. However, very little remains known on how young people encounter and experience news content on these platforms. Drawing on 25 in-depth interviews with young adult Belgians, including operationalising the walkthrough method, this qualitative research article fills this existing gap in scholarship. I contextualise but also nuance how younger users are accustomed to relying on third-party social media apps as the primary location to encounter news rather than news outlets’ own offline and online platforms. The study results also shine light on intriguing perception differences in young adults’ varying news expectations of Instagram and TikTok, based on which ramifications and recommendations are discussed. Conceptually, I propose adopting the terms encountering and experiencing news rather than being exposed to or trusting it, in order to highlight the acknowledged (radical) audience turn in journalism studies and practice.

A protocol for a systematic review of social dimensions of resilience in older adults.

Populations are ageing, making the quality of old age a crucial issue. Some adversity in old age, such as loss of loved one or loss of physical function, is often experienced, as is the need for recovery from such adversity. Resilience in later life has become an important topic and has accumulated much empirical research. However, the research has mainly centred on individual factors, such as personality, rather than social factors, such as family relationships or community engagement. There is no systematic review of the social dimensions of resilience in old age, a focus that should be especially important for policy and practice seeking to create supporting environments. Our review comprises quantitative and qualitative empirical original English language studies, published 2013-2023, using predefined search phrases including 'resilience' and various terms for old age and social dimensions. Titles and abstracts are screened by the first two authors using registered exclusion criteria. Final inclusion, based on full-text reading, is decided using registered inclusion criteria, and verified by co-authors. Qualitative articles are read by authors specialized in qualitative research and quantitative articles by authors specialized in quantitative research. Due to large expected heterogeneity, meta-analysis is not conducted, but weighted effect sizes or funnel plots may be prepared if parallel quantitative studies are encountered. Qualitative studies are synthesized using meta-aggregation. The risk of bias is evaluated with applicable Joanna Briggs Institute checklists for each study design. A narrative synthesis brings together the qualitative and quantitative studies. Methodological strengths and weaknesses of the included studies are reported to assess the quality of the research. Summary of the most significant social dimensions of resilience in old age is prepared, emphasizing interactions between contexts, stressors, mechanisms and outcomes; and research gaps are identified. Protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023412532).

Qualitative research in science education: A literature review of current publications

This study analyzed articles from the last four years regarding how science education research is framed and discussed as qualitative research. The research question that guided this study was: <i>To what extent do qualitative secondary science teaching research publications reflect high-quality practices found in mainstream methodological texts? </i>The researchers utilized a systematic literature review methodology by (1) creating search terms based on the research question; (2) choosing relevant databases in which to search; (3) conducting the search and gathering articles; and (4) selecting articles based on inclusion criteria. The researchers chose “secondary education” and “science teaching” as search terms relevant to this study. Articles included in the review were peer-reviewed for credibility, available free online as full-text for accessibility, and available in English, which is the authors’ first language. The researchers conducted three levels of screening on the full collection of articles–title, abstract, then methods, to efficiently narrow the large sample of qualitative science education research articles to a manageable and characteristic selection. The findings include that few articles addressed science teaching and learning with deep qualitative engagement. Some articles claimed to use specific qualitative methodologies without adequately expressing aspects of those methodologies, which lend support to the credibility, transferability, dependability, or confirmability of the articles such as the researchers’ subjectivity or member-checking. Those studies that did are indeed diamonds in the ruff.

Finite Complement Clauses in Disciplinary Research Articles Authored by Filipino Academic Writers

Finite complement clauses (FCCs) are an understudied syntactic structure of L2 advanced academic writing. The present study cross-investigated FCCs in qualitative (QUALI) and quantitative (QUANTI) research articles written by Filipino academic writers (FAWs) in Applied Linguistics (APPLING), Communication (COMM), and Measurement and Evaluation (MEEV). Specifically, it determined the FCCs with the most occurrences across five disciplinary research article sub-registers and identified whether these FCCs differ significantly in terms of frequencies of use. With Hernandez’s (2021) framework adapted from Biber and Gray’s (2016) study, this research analyzed five FCCs in 42 disciplinary research articles. Major results revealed that verb-controlled that-clauses (with 33.69 as normalized frequency count) outnumbered other FCCs in research article sub-registers across disciplines. They were more recurrent in QUALI and QUANTI APPLING research articles (7.91 and 7.54, respectively) and QUANTI and QUALI COMM research articles (7.34 and 6.96, respectively) than in QUANTI MEEV research articles (3.94). In addition, a significant difference exists between them and other FCCs at the p<.05 level in terms of frequencies of use. In view of these findings, it can be concluded that verb-controlled that-clauses are the most useful FCCs in APPLING, COMM, and MEEV research articles. Likewise, FAWs across the three disciplines write more informally as signposted by their repeated use of that complementizer with these FCCs controlled by verbs. The study draws its implications for academic writing instruction.

Implementation of Early Breastfeeding Initiation Challenges After Sectio Caesarea in Hospital

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Behavior of early initiation of breastfeeding in postpartum mothers is still a health problem in the world. Early initiation of breastfeeding has become an internationally and nationally recommended program as part of Mother and Baby Friendly Hospital services. Caesarean section is one of the obstacles in implementing early initiation of breastfeeding. This scoping review aims to assess the policy of early breastfeeding initiation after cesarean section in hospitals. This research design is a scoping review, using 4 databases, namely Google Scholar, Ebsco, Pro Quest, and Science Direct. The stages and flow of selecting research articles using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) Flowchart, and to assess the quality of the article researchers used a checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Literature study that summarizes several accredited journal articles from 2018-2023 that are relevant to the title. This research selected quantitative and qualitative research articles with cross-sectional or case control research designs. In the journal search, researchers used boolean operators for predetermined keywords, adding "OR", "AND" according to the topic. The results found two themes and six subthemes from the 8 articles screened, namely the success factors of breastfeeding in post-cesarean section mothers, maternal knowledge, maternal attitudes, decisions in planning labor and implementation of early breastfeeding initiation. Meanwhile, efforts to make early breastfeeding initiation a success continue with the support of health workers and program policies. Support and policy efforts from health care providers have a positive influence on breastfeeding mothers, especially mothers who undergo cesarean delivery in hospitals.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keywords: Challenges, Early initiation of breastfeeding, Hospital, Post sectio caesarea</em></strong>

Factors Influencing Abortion Decision-Making of Adolescents and Young Women: A Narrative Scoping Review.

Globally, about half of all induced abortions have been estimated to be unsafe, which results in 13% of maternal deaths yearly. Of these induced abortions, 41% of unsafe abortions have been reported in young women who are dependent on their parents for their livelihood. They are often left in a vulnerable position and may have difficulty in making a decision regarding abortion. This study aimed to (1) characterize and map factors that influence abortion decision-making of adolescents and young women, and (2) identify the care and support that they need in their decision-making process. We conducted a scoping review following the JBI method and PRISMA-ScR checklist. We comprehensively searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsycInfo, and hand searched publications in the Google Scholar database between November 2021 and October 2023. The search included all English language qualitative and mixed methods research articles published on the database up to October 2023 that included participants aged 10-24 years. The CASP checklist was used as a guide for the qualitative analysis. NVivo was used to synthesize the findings. There were 18 studies from 14 countries (N = 1543 young women) that met the inclusion criteria. Three domains and eleven categories were included as follows: personal (desire for self-realization and unwanted pregnancy), interpersonal (parental impact, reaction of partner, roles of peers and friends, existence of own child, and lack of support), and social circumstances (sexual crime, financial problem, limitation of choice, and underutilized healthcare services). Decision-making factors regarding abortions were also found across all three domains. The abortion decision-making of young women is influenced by various external factors regardless of country. Parents are especially influential and tend to force their daughters to make a decision. Young women experienced suffering, frustration, and lack of autonomy in making decisions based on their preference. This emphasizes the importance of autonomous decision-making. In this regard, healthcare services should be used. However, there are barriers to accessing these services. To improve such access, the following are required: staff training to provide adolescent and youth-friendly health services, counseling based on women's needs, counseling including the parents or guardians that is confidential and ethical, promotion of decision aids, and affordable accessible care.

Systematic Literature Review (SLR): Implementation of The Project-Based Learning (PJBL) Approach to Improve Students' Speaking Skills

ABSTRACT
 This systematic literature review (SLR) explores the impact of Project Based Learning (PjBL) on students' speaking skills, drawing insights from qualitative studies. The study identified key themes, increased student engagement, motivation, increased self-confidence, increased fluency and accuracy, and development of critical thinking and problem solving skills. The collaborative nature of PjBL fosters authentic communication among students, contributing to overall language proficiency. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, which examines 15 national journal articles to comprehensively analyze the existing body of research. A thorough search of electronic databases ensured selection of relevant qualitative research articles. These findings highlight the positive influence of PjBL on students' speaking skills, providing valuable implications for educators, policy makers, and researchers seeking effective strategies for language development in educational contexts.
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 Keywords: Systemic Literature Review, Project Based Learning, Speaking Skills.

The Pha That Luang Vientiane Stupa: Identity Roles on Society and Culture in Globalization Laos PDR

The purposes of this qualitative research article were: 1) To investigate the history of the Pha That Luang Vientiane Stupa, 2) To investigate the identity of the Pha That Luang Vientiane Stupa and its role in society and culture, and 3) To investigate the effects of globalization on identity, social roles, and the cultural role of investigate. This method involves studying information from documents and fields. The tools included surveys, interviews, observational forms, and focus groups. The target group were 52 people, divided into three groups: a knowledge group of 10 people, a group of practitioners of 30 people, and a group of general information providers of 12 people. The socialism theory of contract science was collected and analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods. The research reveals Laos PDR culture, characterized by tangible aspects like architecture and art, and intangible aspects like religion, beliefs, rituals, and traditions, influencing identity and social roles.

Strategic Management Adopting Digital Intelligence (Business Intelligence) for Dentistry and Dental Clinics

This qualitative research article aims to identify digital intelligence (business intelligence) essentials among dentistry and dental clinics for their strategic management. The systematic review is based on valid secondary data using sources from Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and reliable online sources from 2020-2024. The researchers employed observations in data collection via online platforms from July 2023 to December 2023. The content analysis and Free Word Cloud Generator were adopted for interpretation and data analysis. The results reveal that since the 1950s, X-ray, digital imaging and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have helped dentists diagnose oral diseases. Integrating digital use into strategic management for dentistry and dental clinics revolutionizes oral healthcare delivery by improving efficiency, personalization, and accessibility of dental appointments, digital marketing, communications, and processes. Digital intelligence (business intelligence) in dentistry and dental clinics may be related to dental marketing and ethics, which involve ethical and transparent promotion of dental products, services, and research with integrity and patient welfare in mind. Marketing communications must also protect patient privacy. Dental clinics and researchers in dentistry must obtain informed consent, maintain confidentiality, and prioritize patient safety to ensure patient safety, professional ethics, and public confidence. AI-driven digital intelligence (business intelligence) is integrated with human intelligence (emotional intelligence, social intelligence, and cognitive capabilities). Using digital intelligence (business intelligence), AI helped dentists in strategic management diagnose dental diseases, and digital marketing and technology adoption have been discussed in this article regarding digital intelligence (AI integrated with human intelligence) in contemporary studies. This article explains the essentials of digital intelligence in dentistry and dental clinics. However, this paper is a systematic review and may not include respondents. Thus, questionnaires and interviews are recommended for further studies for perceptions insight results.

초등학교 통합학급 교사의 통합교육 경험에 대한 질적 메타분석

Objective: This study analyzes the practical experiences and support demands of inclusive elementary classroom teachers regarding inclusive education. The goal is to propose practical support measures for the future operation of inclusive elementary classrooms.
 Methods: A qualitative meta-analysis was conducted on six qualitative research articles, each involving elementary school teachers with experience in inclusive classroom operation. The analysis followed the seven-step qualitative meta-analysis method proposed by Noblit and Hare (1988).
 Results: Inclusive teachers were found to experience “challenges, difficulties, and limitations in inclusive education” and “efforts and attitude changes for inclusive education.” Additionally, the teachers expressed the need for a “smooth operation of inclusive classrooms and collaborative efforts for the internalization of inclusive education” and “demands an understanding of educational support for children with disabilities from an ecological perspective.”
 Conclusions: Based on the research findings, practical support measures for the operation of elementary inclusive classrooms were suggested and future research directions were proposed through discussion.

Government of Afghanistan Republic from Revolution to Collapse: A Realist Perspective on Political Dominance

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the collapse of the Republic of Afghanistan’s government, and to identify the main factors contributing to its collapse. By analyzing a variety of political and historical factors, the research seeks to find the underlying causes of the collapse of the government.
 Methods: This research used a qualitative research design, including document and articles analysis. The sources of data included books, academic articles, and reports. The data was analyzed using a realist framework to identify the underlying causes of the collapse of the Government of the Republic of Afghanistan.
 Result: The collapse of the Government of the Republic of Afghanistan between 1973 and 2021 was mainly due to the lack of inclusive and stable administrations representing national interests; external interference, media propagandas, internal conflicts and economic instability have contributed to the collapse. Lessons learned include the need for political engagement, regional collaboration, economic development and international support to prevent future collapses and promote a sustainable and inclusive model of government in Afghanistan.
 Conclusion: This study offers recommendations for future governance in Afghanistan, taking into account the complex situation.
 Recommendation: In order to ensure Afghanistan's future stability and prosperity, it is essential that inclusion, representation and political stability are given priority. This includes actively involving marginalized groups and communities in the decision-making process and supporting an inclusive political environment.

The rhetorical organization of discussions sections of qualitative research articles in Applied Linguistics and the use of meta-discourse markers

This study examined the rhetorical organization and the distribution of meta-discourse markers in a corpus of 20 qualitative research articles in the Applied Linguistics field. The findings of the study indicated that the seven-move structure proposed by prior research in quantitative datasets is also true in our qualitative dataset. Concerning steps, however, this study indicated that there are two new steps in the Comment on the Results move and also two new steps in the Deduction from the Research move, compared with the quantitative data of prior research. It was also found that both the distribution and frequency of meta-discourse markers indicate significant differences in comparison with quantitative research articles. Given these findings, we can say that although the schematic structure proposed for the Discussion sections of quantitative research articles is applicable to the qualitative corpus, it is also important not to ignore subtle nuances in the two research paradigms. Drawing academic writers' attention to these rhetorical and linguistic nuances arising from research paradigm differences can carry practical pedagogical implications. The findings of this study can raise novice writers’ awareness with respect to academic writing rhetoric and the functions of meta-discourse markers in qualitative research in Applied Linguistics.

The Disposal of Placenta among Indigenous Groups Globally: An Integrative Literature Review

Introduction. The placenta, or afterbirth, plays a vital role in supplying nutrients and oxygen via the umbilical cord. Western medicine sees the placenta as a medical waste and discards it after delivery. Meanwhile, indigenous groups observe rituals or ceremonies prior to their disposal since it bears sacred importance. Aim. The aim of the literature review is to review the current literature on indigenous methods of disposing placenta. Methods. Through the EBSCOhost search engine, the authors had access to the following databases: CINAHL; MEDLINE; E-Journals; Health Sources: Nursing/Academic Edition; Scopus; and African Journals Online. A manual search of the grey literature through Google Scholar and Google Search engines, as well as citation searching using reference lists, was also used. The following keyword searches came up: placental disposal, placental waste, placental release, indigenous placental disposal, traditional placental disposal, cultural placenta, and placental rituals. The authors followed the inclusion criteria of qualitative, quantitative, or mixed research articles or reports from experts and different organisations published between 2013 and 2022 in English. Findings. The following three themes with subthemes emerged in the context of this review paper: (1) placental consumption (increases milk production, prevents postpartum depression, and prevents postpartum bleeding); (2) placental burial (burial site determines the child’s fate, protection of the child, and fertility); and 3). artifacts (memorabilia). Conclusion. Indigenous placental disposal methods have a significant value to Indigenous women globally. The rituals performed have a special meaning attached to them. It is important for Western medicine to respect and support indigenous placental disposal methods and ensure safe handling from the healthcare facilities to their homes.

장애 유아 초등학교 전이 경험에 대한 질적 메타분석

The purpose of this research is to analyze the experiences and support requirements of teachers during the transition process of children with disabilities to elementary school and to provide practical support strategies for future elementary school transition support. To achieve this, a qualitative meta-analysis was conducted using Nobit & Hare's (1988) sevenstep qualitative meta-analysis method on five qualitative research articles involving special education teachers who have experienced the transition of children with disabilities to elementary school and daycare teachers for children with disabilities published in South Korea. As a result, two overarching categories, namely “Experiences of Elementary School Transition Support” and “Support Requirements for Elementary School Transition Support”, were identified, consisting of five subcategories and 13 main content areas under these categories. Each main content area is presented with relevant citations. Finally, based on the results, practical support strategies for elementary school transition support are proposed through discussion, along with recommendations for future research.