The purpose of the present work is to verify if the teaching of mathematics can become interesting for the students of the 5th year of Elementary School, through the playfulness with the use of mathematical games. In this context, mathematical games: contig 60, multiplication domino, division marathon and integer race, emerged as an educational process, with the aim of promoting teaching and learning through play. As a methodology of qualitative documentary approach, a questionnaire was applied to find out the students’ level of learning, right after, there was a class on the contents of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. As a complement, the games mentioned above were applied. When the questionnaire was applied again, there was a great improvement in the level of learning of the students in this 5th grade class, in relation to the four basic operations of mathematics. Thus, it can be noted that the use of games enabled the construction of students’ knowledge, thus awakening creativity, logical reasoning and their motor skills. Also, through these activities, a greater interest and curiosity in learning mathematics was noticed in the students.