Qualified Specialists Research Articles

PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS FOR TRAINING PHYSICS IN INSTITUTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL PRE-HIGHER EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

The article highlights relevant aspects of training future teachers of physics in institutions of professional pre-higher education, vocational education and modelling of practice-oriented tasks. The authors justified the importance of modernizing the content of relevant programmes of the "Physics" discipline, considering the profession of students at professional colleges and lyceums. It is noted that studying physics contributes to the formation of subject competencies of students, the ability to analyse, systematize, generalize information, overcome difficulties of adaptation to professional activity. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the target, content, operational-activity, diagnostic-resultative blocks of the structural-functional model of training future teachers for teaching physics in institutions of professional pre-higher education and vocational education were selected. The target block is based on the socio-economic demand of society for qualified specialists. The content block contains pedagogical, psychological, methodical, and technological knowledge. Gnostic (research), design, organizational, and communication skills are highlighted in the structure of the operational-activity block. The diagnostic-resultative block will help the physics teacher to make corrections in the process of professional training of college students and vocational-technical lyceums. The importance of practice-oriented tasks in the process of learning physics for students of professional higher education and professional and technical education is indicated. Differences between practice-oriented tasks and other physical tasks are determined. The structure (name of the task, individually meaningful cognitive question, information, task involving work with information) and the algorithm of preparation for creating tasks of practical content in physics are presented. The methodology of teaching simulation of practice-oriented tasks in the process of studying the educational component "Methodology of teaching physics in a specialized school" is illustrated.

INTELLECTUAL MIGRATION AS A FACTOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY: ANALYSIS OF CANADA’S EXPERIENCE

In the context of globalization, the topic of intellectual migration is becoming increasingly relevant for the development of innovative economies and advanced technologies. This article analyzes the experience of Canada, one of the leading countries in the field of attracting highly qualified specialists. The purpose of the article is to study Canada's immigration policy, and its impact on the socio-economic development of the country, as well as to identify current trends and opportunities for developing effective mechanisms for regulating migration flows. The case study method used in the study allowed for an in-depth analysis of Canadian practice. Data collection and processing included content analysis of regulatory legal acts, international and national reports, as well as other documented sources. The results of the study show that Canadian immigration policy is one of the most liberal and inclusive in the world, contributing to attracting highly qualified migrants, supporting family reunification, and providing asylum to those in need. Immigration processes play a key role in the socio-economic development of Canada, compensating for the shortage of workers and contributing to demographic stability. The Government of Canada is actively implementing migrant integration programs, which makes it possible to maximize the potential for economic growth and innovative development of the country. The study also revealed that effective immigration policies and integration programs are key factors for the successful recruitment and adaptation of highly qualified professionals in Canada. The results obtained can serve as a basis for the development of effective policies in the field of intellectual migration and contribute to further study of this topic.

Проблемы социальной справедливости в сфере образовательной политики Китая

Education plays a fundamental role in shaping the country’s intellectual potential, educating the younger generation, and ensuring social justice. Corresponding educational policies consist of a complex set of measures aimed at developing the education system to ensure access to learning for all segments of the population, fair distribution of resources, and creating conditions for the successful realization of each citizen’s potential. In the modern world, the issue of social justice in educational policy is becoming increasingly relevant, as evidenced by the analysis of the Chinese case, which highlights the growing need for reforms aimed at satisfying the demand for social justice in society. These reforms will help attract highly qualified specialists to the field of education, as well as effectively reduce the level of social problems related to inequality and discrimination.

Структура профессиональных компетенций социолога в области социологической диагностики

This paper examines a specific type of sociological research – sociological diagnostics. It is understood as a set of competences of a sociologist in the field of studying social systems and assessing their state through a system of sociological indicators. Particular attention is paid to the historical prerequisites for the development of sociological diagnostics in the system of social knowledge, the definition of its essence and place in the structure of the management cycle, as well as its functions and areas of application in modern management practice. The comparative analysis of fundamental documents in the field of training of qualified personnel in higher education is carried out. These are the federal state educational standard for training direction 39.03.01 Sociology and the standard of profession “Sociologist: specialist in fundamental and applied sociological research”. The analysis establishes general and specific qualification competences of sociological diagnostics as a special type of sociological research.

Современные проблемы организации и управления закупочной деятельностью в системе здравоохранения и пути их решения.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of key problems and challenges in the field of public procurement for healthcare institutions. T h e r e l e v a n c e of the work is determined by the critical importance of ensuring the quality and safety of medical products, as well as the need to optimize procurement processes in the face of limited budgets. The research subject is the issues of public procurement activities in healthcare institutions with a focus on process optimization, legal and economic aspects, and the application of modern technologies within an interdisciplinary approach. The aim of the study is to identify and analyze the most acute problems in the field of healthcare procurement and develop proposals for their solutions. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The research includes a comprehensive analysis of literary sources, generalizations of practical experience and expert assessments. Methods of comparative analysis, systematization and generalization of the obtained data are used to identify key problems and challenges. The research r e s u l t s indicate a number of problems in the procurement sphere, including: the risk of acquiring counterfeit or substandard medical products, the need to improve the qualifications of procurement specialists, and difficulties in developing detailed technical specifications. Measures to improve the situation are proposed, including the development of detailed technical specifications in collaboration with medical experts, training of specialists, and strengthening quality control of products. The c o n c l u s i o n s of the study highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to solving procurement issues in healthcare, including improving the qualifications of specialists, strengthening interdepartmental cooperation, and implementing innovative technologies. The research results can be applied to improve the legislative framework and practice of conducting public procurement in the healthcare sector. T h e s c o p e o f t h e r e s u l t s . The results of the work can be used to improve the practice of public procurement in the healthcare system at the level of public medical institutions, and also provide a basis for further scientific work in this field.

Student-Centered Learning as a New Approach in Higher Education Due to the Establishment of University Autonomy

The article emphasizes that with the gradual integration of domestic higher education into the European educational space, there is a transformation of educational programs based on student-centered learning. It was noted that the current state of development of the educational sector and the labor market requires higher education institutions to promptly take into account new trends and quickly respond to changes in society. The expediency of introducing university autonomy is substantiated. Particular attention is focused on the independent determination by institutions of higher education of the content of education in terms of learning outcomes and the independent formation of educational programs based on the competency approach. The need for the introduction of student-centered training, the basic basis of which is the training of a highly qualified and mobile specialist, ensuring the maximum chances of a graduate of a higher education institution to get the first job on the labor market, meeting the current needs of employers, is substantiated. The results of an online survey of scientific, scientific and pedagogical workers and students of higher education regarding the interaction and cooperation of the employer community with the educational community in the development of educational programs were analyzed. The research results confirmed the expediency of strengthening the dialogue between educators and all interested parties in order to create the latest successful and attractive educational programs for applicants. Such cooperation will ensure the determination of the same requirements and criteria for specialists of different qualification levels on the part of employers and institutions of higher education. The paradigm of student-centered learning is defined, which is based on increasing the transparency and publicity of educational programs, clear and understandable rules and procedures regulating the rights and responsibilities of all participants in the educational process are defined.

Critical Thinking as a Pedagogical Category: A Comparative Aspect

The article is dedicated to a comparative analysis of critical thinking as a pedagogical category in the works of Ukrainian and foreign researchers. Critical thinking is considered as a necessary component of modern education aimed at developing students' abilities for analysis, synthesis, and making informed decisions in various life situations. Various approaches to the development of critical thinking in education in Ukraine and abroad are analyzed; common and distinctive features in the scientific approaches in the works of Ukrainian and foreign researchers are identified. During the research, methods of comparative analysis, systematic approach, synthesis, and generalization of scientific and pedagogical literature were applied. It is concluded that the development of critical thinking is a key factor in improving the quality of education. It has been proven that the integration of the best foreign practices into Ukrainian educational programs will contribute to the preparation of highly qualified specialists capable of adapting to the conditions of a globalized world. The prospects for further research are outlined, including the development of innovative techniques for the development of critical thinking, taking into account the specifics of Ukrainian education and the needs of modern students.

Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges in Wartime - Ukrainian Perspective

The excessive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics in healthcare and agriculture has become the main cause of antibiotic resistance and the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the environment. Every year, antibiotic resistance continues to grow worldwide, posing a significant challenge for humanity. The World Health Organization recognizes antibiotic resistance as one of the top 10 global threats to public health, jeopardizing the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal. The consequences of antimicrobial resistance extend beyond the effective treatment of infections; it is a public health issue with global consequences. Socioeconomic losses and environmental threats are closely linked to this problem. Moreover, antibiotic resistance has long-term and unpredictable consequences related to wars and military conflicts. The impact of the war and a clear understanding of the global scope of antibiotic resistance as a result of hostilities can be seen through the outcome of russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. This military conflict not only highlighted the importance of preserving human life and promoting peaceful development at both national and global levels but also revealed potential risks for various global environmental issues, particularly the increasing spread of antibiotic resistance. The disruption caused by the war has transformed the issue of antibiotic resistance in Ukraine from a national concern to a powerful factor that affects the global scale of this problem, transcending borders. During the war, resources and priorities have shifted toward military needs, relegating human health and environmental protection to secondary importance. Migration and loss of highly qualified medical specialists and biologists, deterioration of the environmental situation, sanitary, hygienic conditions, lack of food resources and medicines, and other factors directly and indirectly contribute to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance globally. This review demonstrates the relevance of the issue of antibiotic resistance, the main mechanisms of the development and spread of antibiotic resistance, the global scale and consequences of antibiotic resistance due to the war in Ukraine and aims to provide an overview of international initiatives to reduce antibiotic resistance, in particular the “One Health” concept and strategies, which are currently being implemented. Solving the issue of antibiotic resistance globally and at the level of the country affected by war requires a comprehensive approach, which includes mandatory systematic surveillance of antibiotic resistance, control of the use of antimicrobial drugs, informing all segments of society about the use of antimicrobial drugs and the consequences of antibiotic resistance, the introduction of educational programs to prevent an improper use of antibiotics, environmentally safe methods of waste disposal in medical, food, and other enterprises that produce or use antibiotics, safe disposal of antibiotics, etc.

Важность коммуникативной составляющей в профессиональной деятельности врача телемедицины

Telehealth is a modern branch of medicine that provides affordable and high-quality healthcare. The doctor-patient communication during an online consultation is just as important as personal bedside communication. A telehealth doctor is a qualified specialist who is able to provide remote assistance to patients using a computer and telecommunication software. Telehealth is especially important to patients in remote or rural areas with limited access to medical service. The article describes the role of the communicative component in effective telehealth interaction. The authors studied various online telehealth services, i.e., the Gostelemed telehealth consultation service provided by state medical organizations, the Miracle Doctor multidisciplinary medical clinic, and the Capsa Healthcare mobile medical platform. The authors used the methods of data analysis, generalization, and classification, as well as terminological analysis of dictionary definitions, to study the basic principles of effective telehealth communication. They identified the provisions and means of effective verbal and non-verbal communication during online consultations. Telehealth proved to be an effective tool that improves the standards and accessibility of medical care, especially during pandemics or crisis. Effective telehealth communication promotes positive relations between patients and specialists.

Current state and problems of staffing in the agro-industrial complex of Russia

Staffing is a key factor in the effective functioning of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of Russia. Proper management of human resources contributes to the sustainable development of the industry and increases its competitiveness. The article analyzes the main problems of staffing in the agro-industrial complex, such as the shortage of qualified specialists, low level of personnel training, labor migration and aging personnel. To successfully solve these problems, measures have been proposed, including the development of a continuing education system, increasing wages, improving working and living conditions in rural areas, as well as strengthening interaction between agricultural enterprises and educational institutions. Particular attention is paid to government support and the creation of favorable conditions for attracting young specialists. Recommendations have been developed to improve the personnel situation aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the Russian agro-industrial complex.

ПРОБЛЕМы КАДРОВОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯх МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА

The characteristic features of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are reflected in the work with personnel, are considered. There is a convergence in this business of the functions of the owner and manager, an increase in the role of the head of the company and each individual employee, speed of decisionmaking, and flexible organization of work. The identified problems in the process of personnel management of small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), including business instability, the seasonal nature of activities, insufficient funds for the use of modern personnel management tools, difficulties in attracting highly qualified specialists, the predominance of administrative management methods, imperfection of the remuneration system. It is noted that an effective option for mitigating the effect of negative factors on the process of personnel management in SMEs is the cooperation of small and medium-sized businesses with scientific and educational organizations and, first of all, with universities. The obstacles to such cooperation and the main directions for overcoming these obstacles are identified. Among the latter are strengthening support for SMEs collaborating with scientific and educational institutions, intensifying work to create structures that facilitate the commercialization of the results of joint activities of SMEs and universities.

Software and hardware complex based on the STM32F407VG microcontroller for the study of vibra-tions with the LIS3DSH accelerometer

Commonly used color models are reviewed and analyzed, namely the RGB model and subtractive models, including CMY and CMYK. The characteristics of colorimeters based on the use of RGB, CMY and CMYK models have been studied. A comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of RGB and CMYK models was carried out. The developed digital colorimeter allows for express control of color characteristics with high metrological accuracy and does not require a high level of qualification of service personnel. This device reproduces the perception of color by human vision, and its use is intended for both people with normal and impaired vision. The great advantage of this device is its mobility, the speed of measurements and the absence of the need for a specialized laboratory and highly qualified specialists. Full-scale measurements of the output voltage on the photodiodes of the colorimeter corresponding to red, blue and green colors were carried out.

The Influence of Kindergarten Environment on the Development of Preschool Children's Physical Fitness.

The aim of this research is to find out to what extent the special qualifications of physical education teachers and the physical environment of kindergartens influence the physical development of preschoolers. Forty-four kindergartens across Estonia participated in the study, half of which had a physical education teacher (PEt), whereas the remaining 22 kindergartens were taught by non-qualified kindergarten teachers (NoPEt). Six Eurofit fitness tests were used to assess the physical development of children (n = 704; aged 6-7 years old, with an average age of 6.55 ± 0.5 years). An analysis of variance was used to compare the mean values of the fitness test results of the two groups. Linear regression analysis was applied to clarify the influence of individual and environmental factors on children's fitness scores. In kindergartens where the position of a PEt had been created, the results of children's physical fitness were statistically significantly better, more specifically in handgrip strength (m = 12.0, 95% CI = 11.8-12.3 vs. m = 11.5, 95% CI = 11.2-11.7) and in speed tests (m = 23.0, 95% CI = 22.8-23.2 vs. m = 23.6, 95% CI = 23.3-23.8). According to the teacher interviews, these kindergartens also had more rooms and areas specially created for physical exercises. The study revealed that the physical development of children is, when controlling for other individual and environmental factors, influenced by the professional qualification of the PE teacher (95% CI = 0.06-0.56) as well as children's participation in sports training (95% CI = 0.29-0.83). These findings are important for preschool institutions and municipalities in designing the optimal physical environment for facilitating children's physical fitness.

Libraries’ roles in media and information literacy education: Obtaining the opinions of South Korean volunteer librarians through the Delphi method

South Korea’s official development assistance activities emphasize the significant role of education, with increasing attention towards the potential of libraries. Media and information literacy has become imperative for leading a productive life, highlighting the crucial role of libraries in enhancing media and information literacy competencies, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. However, limited research exists on this topic. This study explores how libraries could contribute to improving the media and information literacy competencies of people in low- and middle-income countries, drawing from interviews mainly with South Korean volunteer librarians with experience in low- and middle-income countries using the Delphi method. The challenges in supporting media and information literacy capacity-building in libraries in low- and middle-income countries include a shortage of skilled personnel, limited resources, inadequate understanding of public development assistance and global citizenship, and insufficient publicity. The survey participants emphasized the need for specific qualifications for librarians to effectively contribute to media and information literacy education. They recommended continuous group-based training, incorporating field education and online courses to build media and information literacy competencies.

Association between rural exposure/experience and practice location 10 years postgraduation, stratified by specialty: evidence from a cohort study of graduates from nine Australian universities

ObjectiveThis study aims to determine the associations between specialty type and practice location at postgraduate year 10 (PGY10), matched with PGY5 and PGY8 work locations, and earlier rural exposure/experience.Design and...

UTILIZATION OF BLENDED LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILLS: TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION MODELS

Internal and external factors influence the quality and content of foreign language teaching in the global education system. It is essential to thoroughly analyze and classify modern ICTs to create an effective educational environment. Research in this area is increasingly necessary, especially considering the changing requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of future English language specialists in the era of globalization. This necessitates a more complex educational process and calls for comprehensive reform. As a result, there is a growing need to employ a blended form of education, which combines offline (traditional), online (distance), and independent learning. The main goal of this study is to reveal the practical importance of using technology integration models (TIMs), especially blended learning technologies, to improve the writing competencies of lower-level students in the context of paragraph and essay writing skills in higher education institutions (HEIs) that prepare future English language specialists. This study involves the analysis of the scientific and practical significance of TIMs, the study of the process of implementation of a new approach to technologies in a blended learning environment, the classification of both positive and negative aspects of TIMs, and the development of mechanisms for using blended learning technologies based on the PICRAT TIM. Scientific literature analysis, analytical-synthetic and comparative-contrastive research methods were used to effectively perform these tasks. According to the obtained results, blended learning consists of complex processes, and its effectiveness directly depends on the teacher's choice of the right technologies and their use in place. Additionally, the blended form of learning, which combines offline, online, and independent forms of learning, has caused a conceptual change in the approaches to technology that are currently in practice. The conclusion was that the most important aspect of using technologies in teaching writing competence to future specialists of the English language in higher education is to create an innovative educational environment for them.

Retro analysis of the development of the aviation security system in Ukraine

Various measures to ensure the safety of civil aviation flights in Ukraine from the time of its inception to the present are considered in a historical aspect at certain stages of activity, mainly organizational, scientific and technical and personal factors regarding the minimization of risks in civil aviation. The article confirms that at all stages of the more than 100-year history of civil aviation of Ukraine, various measures were constantly taken to ensure flight safety and minimize risks in aviation, especially since the second half of the 20th century. Innovative achievements of designers, scientists, engineers and technicians, training of highly qualified aviation specialists at the national and international level have become the achievement of global aviation. The integration of domestic aviation into the European and world community contributed to the strengthening of aviation safety in Ukraine.

Особливості використання документарних форм міжнародних розрахунків в Україні

The peculiarities of the use of documentary forms of international settlements by economic entities of Ukraine are analyzed, in particular, advantages and disadvantages, requirements for the use of documentary forms of international settlements, as well as the main directions of innovative approaches to improving their application. The prospects for the development of documentary forms of international settlements in Ukraine are outlined. The stages of decision-making regarding the use of a documentary letter of credit in the implementation of an export operation have been developed. This article analyzed the use of documentary forms of international settlements in Ukraine, which is an important and necessary factor in ensuring the effective and safe implementation of foreign economic activity, especially in conditions of increased volatility of the international environment. The advantage of documentary forms of international settlements is that they provide a high level of protection of the interests of the parties to the agreement. They allow you to avoid risks associated with non-payment of goods delivery, unreliable information about the condition and quality of goods, possible changes in prices or exchange rates and other potential problems. The use of documentary forms of international settlements also ensures trust between the parties by monitoring compliance with the terms of the agreement. However, using a documentary form of settlement can also be a complex and sometimes inconvenient process, as it requires some interaction with paper and compliance with certain procedures. In addition, this form of payment can be expensive due to commissions and other costs associated with banking transactions. Ukraine, as a state with a high level of involvement in international economic relations, actively uses documentary forms for international settlements. This is confirmed by the large number of banks offering this service and the growth of foreign trade volumes. Thus, the use of documentary forms of international settlements in Ukraine is beneficial and necessary to ensure the safety and efficiency of foreign economic transactions. However, it requires some discipline and additional costs. In general, the issue of the use of documentary forms of international settlements in Ukraine requires attention and resolution by improving the legal framework, passing certification courses, improving the qualifications of specialists, and increasing the number of banks that provide services for the use of documentary forms of international settlements. This will help ensure the safety and efficiency of foreign economic activity of Ukrainian companies.

Employment policy and unemployment problems in Georgia

Methods: The study of the labor market is based on the analysis of the data of the National Department of Statistics of Georgia and studies conducted by international organizations. In the research process, the methods of scientific abstraction were used – when defining the labor market and the essence of the concepts «unemployment» and «employment»; comparative analysis – when comparing the employment situation of the population of Georgia and some other countries; statistics – when determining the dynamics of the main indicators of the labor market. Results. The current state of the labor market in Georgia was analyzed and the dynamics of its main indicators for the period 2017–2023 were determined. The main problems in the field of employment of the Georgian economy were identified, which include incomplete use of labor resources, differentiation of population incomes, imbalance between demand and supply of professions. The analysis of the labor market in Georgia revealed that the majority of jobs in the national economy are created in industries that do not use modern technologies and, therefore, do not require highly qualified specialists; employees with a high level of qualification cannot find a job in their specialty for a long time, as a result of which they lose their qualifications or are forced to work in low-skilled jobs; the level of education received and real knowledge often turn out to be incompatible with each other. The components of state policy in the sphere of employment regulation are considered. A comparative analysis of this policy was carried out in such countries as: Georgia, Latvia, Estonia, Hungary, Austria. Prospects for increasing the effectiveness of employment policy in Georgia are outlined. Novelty. As a result of the study of the employment policy, it was found that its tools have different effects on solving the problem of unemployment with regard to the short-term and longterm periods. Job search assistance programs have been shown to have the same results in both the short and long term, while vocational training programs have been shown to perform much better in the medium and long term. Practical value. The results obtained during the research can be useful in the formation of employment policy at both the regional and state levels of the functioning of the national economy.

Role of the Russian Spiritual Mission in China in Training of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Officials

Activity of the Russian Spiritual Mission in Beijing helped to strengthen the relationships between Russia and China. The history of the Russian spiritual mission in Beijing is represented by a wide range of publications of Soviet and church researchers. At the same time, the civil service of the mission students was out of the scope of the study. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comprehensive study of the organizational and legal basis of the institute of apprenticeship of the Russian spiritual mission in Beijing, to determine the role of the Russian spiritual mission in the training of officials of the Board, later the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The right to send the mission to Beijing regularly was agreed with both Russia and China in Khakhta Treaty in 1727. In addition, the treaty stipulated the sending of four students to Beijing. The students studied the Chinese and the Manchu languages. Students had to be engaged in scientific activities. Legal status of the students of the Mission was defined by regulations on civil servants. Production to higher ranks for special merits was carried out by the Mission Council with the approval of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. A student returning from Beijing was determined to a further place of state civil service as it was decided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As a whole, apprenticeship as a part of the Russian spiritual mission became a factor of successful career growth and a certain social lift for many students of the mission. The author concludes that the institute created under the spiritual mission was an effective mechanism for training highly qualified specialists for diplomatic activities.