Qs Values Research Articles

High-k2eff AlSc0.095N-based two-dimensional coupled mode resonators with transducer design toward 5G application

This paper presents the two-dimensional coupled mode resonators (TCMRs) based on 9.5 % scandium-doped aluminum nitride (AlScN) films. We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of 770 nm-thick AlSc0.095N TCMRs, which utilize the e31 and e33 piezoelectric coefficients to jointly excite the coupled mode with high electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2eff). The TCMRs with different electrical boundary conditions (TCMR-I and TCMR-II) are proposed, and the dependence of the resonant mode on the electrode period was studied. The effect of electrode duty factor (DF) on the resonator performance was explored, and both TCMR-Ⅰ and TCMR-II with DF = 0.5 exhibit the maximum k2eff value. Through measured characterization and simulation analysis, the effect of interdigitated transducer (IDT) thickness on resonator performance was studied. In addition, the equivalent electrical parameters of the prepared resonator were extracted using the MBVD equivalent circuit model. The Qs values of TCMR-Ⅰ and TCMR-II fabricated in this paper can reach 1134 and 165, and the k2eff values can reach 3.5 % and 7.86 %, respectively.

Adsorption of amitriptyline from aqueous solutions using magnetic graphene-based material: Isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic study

Amitriptyline (AMT) is an antidepressant often found in water environments. Due to its toxicity, in this work, AMT adsorption was proposed using graphene oxide (GO) and magnetic GO (GO·Fe3O4 1:1). The adsorbent characterizations were accomplished by FTIR, SEM, EDS, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, and VSM revealed the typical characteristics of the pristine GO and GO·Fe3O4 1:1. In the batch adsorption study, GO·Fe3O4 1:1 showed the highest adsorption capacity (91.84 mg g−1) and removal percentage (92 %) (at pH = 9.0, C0 = 50.0 mg L−1, adsorbent dosage = 0.5 g L−1, the temperature at 293 ± 1.00 K). Moreover, the Sips model showed the best adjustment for isothermal experimental data. This model suggests that the adsorption occurs at heterogeneous surfaces when the qs value increases with the increase in temperature (from 235.57 mg g−1 at 20 ºC to 463.34 mg g−1 at 50 ºC). The thermodynamic study confirms that AMT adsorption onto GO·Fe3O4 1:1 is a spontaneous and endothermic process (ΔH = 32.75 kJ mol−1). Elovich kinetic model presented the best adjustment for experimental data and showed that the adsorption rate (α) and surface coverage constant (β), decrease with the increase of the adsorbate dosage. Additionally, the ionic strength study reveals that a high concentration of NaCl (1.0 M) decreases the qe to 25.74 mg g−1. Lastly, after five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles, the removal percentage of GO·Fe3O4 1:1 remained elevated (79 %). Overall, this paper reports the efficiency of GO·Fe3O4 1:1 on AMT removal, in addition to investigating the several variables involved in this adsorption.

Comparison of Near-Surface Attenuation from Surface Array-Based Seismic Noise Data and Borehole Weak-Motion Recordings at the STIN Test Site in Northeastern Italy

Abstract Seismic wave attenuation and the related shear-wave quality factor (QS) in the near surface are crucial parameters for ground motion simulations and seismic hazard assessments. Although recent approaches developed to calculate QS from seismic noise acquired by surface arrays have been accepted for practice, additional testing and comparison of results estimated using various geophysical methods are still necessary to verify the reliability of such techniques. This work presents the results of an experiment conducted at the STIN site in northeastern Italy, which is equipped with a 100 m deep instrumented borehole. A seismic noise campaign was implemented by installing a temporary independent local surface array of seismological stations. The gathered data were used to initially estimate the shear-wave velocity (VS) profile and frequency-dependent Rayleigh-wave attenuation, and subsequently determine the QS factor via a linearized inversion method. The study compares these findings with the VS and QS values derived from analyzing weak-motion events recorded by two permanent seismic sensors positioned at the top and bottom of the well. The results confirm the potential of the inversion procedure used to obtain QS from local-scale seismic noise arrays as a promising approach for conducting attenuation studies at the local level in less geologically complex sites.

PERENCANAAN SISTEM JARINGAN DRAINASE DI DESA KARANG DIMA KECAMATAN LABUAN BADAS KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BESAR

Structurally, the drainage in Buin Pandan Hamlet is generally masonry in cement, but due to poor planning, the water flowing on the road and also the planned drainage channel is not in accordance with the water discharge so that water overflows from the drainage channel, which is in Dusun Buin. Pandan, aims to determine whether the current condition of the drainage system is appropriate. After the research has been done, it is known that the value of Cv = 0.485, the value of C_s = 0.026 and C_k = 3.973, it can be concluded that in planning this drainage system the type III log method is used and the rainfall intensity is 0.229 mm/hour in Buin Pandan Hamlet. Then a calculation is carried out with the aim of knowing whether Qr < Qs or Qr > Qs in the drainage in Buin Pandan Hamlet and it is known that the difference between Qr = 5.46 (m^3/s) and Qs = 0.60 (m^3/s) is in the drainage. With steps that can be taken to prevent flooding, namely by re-planning the drainage channel. From the results of the re-planning of the drainage channel, the value of the channel capacity Qs is 5.86 (m^3/s) and the size of the channel that can accommodate water discharge is 1 m wide and 1.60 m high. Channels planned for the same channel, namely open rectangular channels, only have different dimensions.

Effect of MoS2 and electrolyte temperature on the electrochemical performance of NiCoS@rGO-based electrode material for energy storage, oxygen reduction reaction and electrochemical glucose sensor

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) are essential in energy storage devices. MoS2/rGO nanostructures have improved energy storage capacity because of their layered shape, proximity effect, inherent broad surface area, and edge locations. Herein, we have synthesized NiCoS@MoS2@rGO composite electrode material for supercapattery energy storage devices and electrochemical glucose sensors via the hydrothermal method. The electrochemical performance of NiCoS, NiCoS@MoS2 and NiCoS@MoS2@rGO were first investigated in three electrode assemblies at different electrolyte temperatures (27 °C to 50 °C). Among all the samples, NiCoS@MoS2@rGO shows the superior value of Qs (1138C/g or 1896.66 F/g) with 1 M KOH electrolyte solution at 50 °C. The asymmetric NiCoS@MoS2@rGO//AC device showed a high specific capacity (301C/g, at 1 A/g), energy and power densities of 65.44 (Wh/Kg), and 1267.18 (W/Kg), respectively. A significant value of Coulombic efficiency of 92.79 % and capacity retention of 83.42 % was acquired after 5000 galvanostatic charging/discharging (GCD) cycles. Further, the NiCoS@MoS2@rGO nanocomposite electrode material is used for oxygen reduction reaction activity. The initial potential for the oxygen reduction was 0.67 V vs. RHE, and the electrode showed high stability. Besides, the hybrid device is used as an electrochemical glucose sensor to detect glucose with a highly precise detection response. This research will open new ideas for developing more efficient TMDs sulfide-based nanocomposite materials for future energy storage systems and biomedical applications.

Enhancing the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical effects in CNTs@CoMgS@AC nanocomposite based electrode materials for advanced hybrid supercapacitors

Hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) have received a lot of interest because of their excellent stability and energy storage capacity. To design a HSC device, we synthesized cobalt magnesium sulfide (CoMgS) using an easy hydrothermal technique. Thesurface properties, crystallinity, elemental analysis, and homogeneity are analysed. The CNT@CoMgS nanocomposite is demonstrated a considerably improved specific capacity (Qs) of 698.88C/g or 1164.8F/g compared to the other samples. The CNT@CoMgS//AC-based HSC revealed a high Qs value of 249.88C/g and an energy density of 70 Wh/kg with an astonishing power density of 880 W/kg. In photoelectrochemical activity, the CNT@CoMgS electrode exhibited a fast response and recovery time with good photoactivity, which is used to perform excellent photo switching. Hence, the CNT@CoMgS@AC electrode demonstrated extraordinary performance because of its largesurface area, quick transport of charge carriers, and extraordinary rate capability, which emphasizes its promise for electrochemical energy storage applications.

Development of a low pollution medium for the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria

Protein rich culture media are employed in the production of lactic acid bacteria (LAB); however, production costs are high. In this work media formulation and evaluation for LAB production were conducted considering physiological properties of lactic acid bacteria. Consumption efficiency (E), yield production (Y) and specific substrate consumption rate (qS) values as response variables were used. Four culture media were used: (1) Man Rogosa Sharp (MRS); (2) cabbage liquor (MC); (3) a new balanced culture medium (MX); and (4) MX supplemented with cabbage liquor (MXC). The culture media were evaluated using two strains: Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 10241. The EGLU for L. plantarum was 100 % in the three media and YX/S value was 0.02 ± 0.003 in MRS and MX, while YLAC/S was 0.57 ± 0.03 in MRS and 0.51 ± 0.02 in MX. In MXC, the value obtained for YX/S was 0.07 ± 0.002 while YLAC/S was 0.47 ± 0.04. Specific glucose consumption and lactate formation rates for L. plantarum in MRS and MX media did not show significant differences. These results suggest that MX and MXC can be used for efficient production of the LAB at low cost.

Synthesis, structural, impedance, optical, Mössbauer characterizations and magnetic studies of Pb-containing germanate compounds

The orthorhombic antiferromagnetic germanate minerals Pb2Fe2Ge2O9 and Pb2Mn2Ge2O9 have been prepared via solid state reaction procedure. An extensive study of structural, dielectric, optical and magnetic properties of both the germanates have been investigated by employing different measurements such as X-ray diffraction, FTIR, SEM, impedance, UV–Vis–NIR & Mössbauer spectroscopic and magnetometary. Rietveld refinement of room temperature XRD patterns revealed that both the compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn. FTIR spectrum exhibits the presence of M−O & Ge–O bonds which confirms strong chemical bonding. Morphological analysis through SEM showed good crystallinity of both the samples. The variation of dielectric constant, loss tangent and impedance with frequency have been studied and it has been established that both the germanates are semiconducting at 300K (RT) which may be attributed to the stacking of ions at grain boundaries. The optical band gaps estimated by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopic measurements further confirms the semiconducting nature of the prepared germanates. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic measurement on synthesized Pb2Fe2Ge2O9 sample was carried out at RT. The obtained values of IS and QS showed that iron is in Fe3+ high spin state (t2g3eg2,s=5/2) and occupy two different sites, Fe1 and Fe2. The field dependent magnetization measurements show that both the compounds display dominant paramagnetic nature at 300K. The temperature dependent magnetization data reveal very sharp first order type AFM to PM transition at TN ∼50K and TN ∼8K for Pb2Fe2Ge2O9 and Pb2Mn2Ge2O9, respectively, and weak FM nature below Neel temperature. The field dependent properties of both the compounds have been analyzed by drawing the M versus H plots at low and room temperatures. The values of calculated effective magnetic moment 6.07μB and 3.95μB for Fe3+ and Mn3+ ions are in the high spin states (t2g3eg2,s=5/2 and )t2g3eg1,s=2.

Exploring the potential of hydrothermally synthesized AgZnS@Polyaniline composites as electrode material for high-performance supercapattery device

Polyaniline (PANI), being one of the highly stable and electroactive conducting polymers, is under investigation for some past years for its better conductivity and other electrochemical characteristics. In this research, PANI is utilized to enhance the electrochemical capabilities of silver-zinc sulfide (AgZnS). The synthesis of silver-zinc sulfide was done hydrothermally, while PANI was prepared via polymerization of aniline. The improvement in capabilities of silver-zinc sulfide was analyzed by adding PANI in it in 25%, 50%, and 75% weight ratios. One of the compositions with 50% PANI unveiled an excellent specific capacity (Qs) of 1121.6 Cg−1. The same composition was further examined for its charge storage capability by assembling a supercapattery device. The assembled device functioned remarkably well resulting in a highest Qs value of 223.44 Cg−1 at 1 Ag−1. Moreover, the device delivered a tremendous energy density of 49.65 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 795.33 W kg−1. The device lost only 10% of its capacity following 5000 charge-discharge cycles, while the Coulombic efficiency remained to be 95% over the same number of cycles at 4.2 Ag−1. The highest power density turned out to be 7678.93 W kg−1 with the lowest energy density of 9.62 Wh kg−1. The reported work, as compared to previous work puts forward a suitable electrode material to be exploited in superior energy storage devices.

State of Regional Blood Flow in Patients with Varying Degrees of Anatomical and Functional Disorders of Periodontal Tissues

Background: The aim of this research was to determine the functional state of regional blood flow in young people with varying degrees of anatomical and functional disorders of periodontal tissues. Methods and Results: One hundred and thirty-five young patients with varying degrees of anatomical and functional disorders of periodontal tissues (AFDP) and 52 controls with intact periodontium were examined. All patients with AFDP were divided into three groups: Group 1 included 33 patients in the compensation stage (low degree of periodontal risk, intact periodontium, no clinical symptoms, pale pink gums, no bleeding on probing, dentogingival attachment is not disturbed); Group 2 included 38 patients in the sub-compensation stage (average degree of periodontal risk, disorders of the mucogingival complex, without clinical symptoms); and 64 patients in the decompensation stage (high degree of periodontal risk, disorders of the mucogingival complex, the presence of clinical symptoms, individual or combined signs of periodontal pathology, gingival recession (Class I and II according to Miller's classification). We studied the regional blood flow of periodontal tissues, which was assessed by an ultrasound Doppler graph in a non-invasive way. The parameters of linear (PSV, peak systolic velocity) and volumetric (Qs, maximum systolic volume velocity) velocities of blood flow, as well as the parameters of the wall vascularization (PI, pulsation index; RI, resistance index). Results: The PSV increased statistically significantly with a load compared to rest in the control and sub-compensation groups and decreased in the decompensation group with a load, compared to the rest condition. The PSV increased relative to the control in the subcompensation and decompensation groups in rest and under load. The Qs indicator showed a similar trend in the groups. Qs significantly increased under load, compared to the rest condition in the control, compensation, and subcompensation groups, and decreased in the decompensation group. The Qs values, in comparison with the control, increased in the subcompensation and decompensation groups in the rest condition and under load. The PI increased with the load relative to the rest condition in the control, compensation, and decompensation group. At the same time, PI decreased under the load, compared to the rest condition, in the subcompensation group. In comparison with the control, the PI values decreased in the subcompensation and decompensation groups in the rest condition and under load. The RI significantly changed only in the subcompensation group under load, compared to the rest condition. Only RI values decreased significantly in the subcompensation group under load, compared to the control. Conclusion: The use of Doppler ultrasonography in assessing the state of regional blood flow of periodontal tissues is a highly informative and non-invasive method. The velocity characteristics (linear and volumetric velocities) of blood flow are important diagnostic indicators, allowing the most rapid and reliable assessment of the degree of anatomical and functional disorders of periodontal tissues.

Analysis of drainage network capacity in Rawa Jaya Area, Ilir Timur I, Palembang

Palembang is a lowland which is dominated by swamp areas.. The problem of flooding in this area stems from a drainage network system that is almost cut off, causing high rainfall and water not flowing properly into the river. This study aims to analyze the drainage network system’s performance based on the channel’s capacity to the channel’s condition in analyzing the hydrology using the probability distribution method. The frequency suitability test was carried out using Smirnov-Kolmogorov and Chi-Square. The results showed that the rainfall was 116.74 mm/hour and the design flood discharge (Qr) at the ten-year return period was 3.684 m3/second. The carrying capacity of the discharge channel (Qs) is smaller than the value of Qr. Indicates that the existing drainage channels cannot accommodate the flood discharge, resulting in flooding. The channel at point 4 leads to the discharge channel; the capacity value of Qs is 4.0296 m3/second, while Qr is 3.684 m3/second. The calculation results can be estimated that the channel discharge capacity is smaller than the planned flood discharge, so the drainage channel capacity cannot accommodate flood flows.

High frequency attenuation of S waves in alluvial deposits of the central Po Plain (northern Italy)

SUMMARY Estimation of local seismic response plays a key role in assessing local seismic hazard and particularly in the design of shaking scenarios. Modelling local seismic response involves knowing of the shear wave velocity (VS) and quality factor (QS) profiles for the site in question. The many techniques that have been developed to assess VS in surface deposits produce reliable measurements of VS, but these rarely correspond to direct measurements of QS. The latter is often considered through damping measures from laboratory tests on small-scale soil samples, which can provide information primarily on intrinsic attenuation, neglecting the contribution of scattering effects. In this paper, using seismic recordings obtained at the surface and in boreholes at 100 m depth, we estimate an average value of QS of some characteristic alluvial deposits of the Po Plain (northern Italy). Data come from a microseismic network which sampled an almost uniform lithology in the central Po Plain and consisted of three surface and four borehole stations with an interstation distance of about 2 km. The average value of QS of the shallowest 100 m of the sedimentary strata, QS,100, is estimated by considering: (1) the high-frequency attenuation of seismic waves due to propagation through the corresponding stratigraphy and (2) the interference between incident and surface-reflected waves observed at borehole stations. We parametrize the first through $\Delta k_{0_{ {100}}}$, the difference between the values of the spectral decay parameter kappa (k) estimated at the surface and at the boreholes depth, respectively. We use the second in order to compute VS,100, the time-averaged VS referred to the uppermost 100 m stratigraphy. We obtain: $\Delta k_{0_{ {100}}} = (11 \pm 3)\,$ ms, ${V_{S,100}} \, =\, (309\, \pm \, 11)\,$ m s−1 and ${Q_{S,100}} \, =\, 31 \pm 10$. At the surface, the estimated values of the site-specific kappa, k0, are found to range from 75 to 79 ms. As expected, these results are in good agreement with studies performed in other sites characterized by sandy or clayey lithologies, and can be usefully used in site response analysis at sites where the rigidity is mainly controlled by lithostatic pressure.

Pengembangan Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka

The rationale or background of this article is based on the value of education QS. Al-Kahfi: 109, QS. Lukman: 27, QS. Al-Mujadalah ayat 11, QS. Al-Baqarah:132 dan QS. Adz Dzariyat: 56 and based on the law of the republic of Indonesia concerning the National education system number 20 of 2003 in CHAPTER 2 concerning the basis, functions and objectives stated in article 3 and UNESCO and the ideas that emerge are inspired in order to imitate Allah when introducing the relegion of Islam to humans and sending down miracles to his messengers. The focus of discussion in this paper is how is the concept of independent curriculum in Indonesia? What are the characteristics and principles of independent curriculum learning in Indonesia? The research methodology in this paper uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. The data source is in the form of scientific texts which are analyzed using content analysis. The findings of this study are that is better if the independent curriculum learning in Indonesia is developed by applying the principles of learning 2x3, the material and the Qur-anic songs as a learning distruction with the development of tecnology based learning media. 2). The learning characteristics of the independent curriculum in Indonesia are in the teaching module inserted P5, namely the Pancasila student development profile project and applied differentiation learning. The are five prinsiples of independent curriculum learning in indonesia, namely the condition of students, lifelong learners, holistic, relevant and sustainable. Keywords : Development, Learning, Kurikulum Merdeka.

Crustal attenuation structure of the Tianshan tectonic belt and its spatiotemporal variations

The quality factor value (Q) of the crustal medium, which can describe the anelasticity within the Earth’s interior, is a sensitive indicator of changes in the crystalline structure induced by temperature and phase transformations. Although the velocity structure of the Tianshan region in Central Asia has been extensively studied, studies regarding its Q values are limited. These studies focus mainly on the crustal attenuation structure of the Tianshan region; however, their results are limited to the qualitative analyses of the local areas or averages over large areas. Therefore, in this study, we conducted seismic attenuation tomography to create a Q map of the crust underneath the Tianshan tectonic belt (TTB) at a resolution of 0.8° × 0.8° using data from 24,273 near-source waveforms recorded by 51 observation stations of the Xinjiang regional seismic network from 2009 to 2020. The regional distribution of the static and sliding-average values (QS) was calculated. The average value (Q0) of TTB was approximately 523. Additionally, Qs exhibited considerable lateral variations that strongly correlate with the surface tectonics of the TTB region. Furthermore, the velocity and attenuation structures of the TTB were positively correlated. The main part of the TTB exhibited high velocities and Q (indicating low attenuation), whereas the areas adjoining the Tarim and Junggar basins (at the South and North of the TBB, respectively) and their margins exhibited low velocities and Q (indicating high attenuation). This suggested that the attenuation structure of the TTB was highly consistent with its velocity and density structures. Since 1900, most earthquakes in the TTB having magnitudes ≥6.0 earthquakes have occurred at the junctions of high- and low-Q-value areas, or in areas with low Q values. According to the Qs values in different periods, the average Qs of the entire TTB only varied between 500 and 540. However, the average Qs in the middle TTB region portrays an upward trended over time (from 494 in 2010 to 554 in 2020). The average Qs of the southwestern TTB region has been relatively stable, varying between 490 and 530. The Q0 of the southwestern TTB region was lower than that observed in the middle TTB region in most of the time. This observation is more consistent with the tectonic activity recorded in the southwestern TTB region (with greater intensity) than that observed in the middle Tianshan. In addition, the number of earthquakes with magnitudes ≥4.0 correlated positively with the regional average Qs in the middle and southwestern Tianshan. Notably, the higher the regional average Q value, the larger the number of moderate earthquakes. This correlation suggests that in earthquake-prone regions, the accumulation and release of stress influence the opening or closure of crustal fractures, resulting in noticeable changes in the Q values. The findings of our study provide novel insights into the mechanisms of earthquakes and their correlation with the structure of the Earth’s crust.

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of the Spurious Modes and Quality Factors for Dual-Mode AlN Lamb-Wave Resonators

In this paper, the spurious modes and quality-factor (Q) values of the one-port dual-mode AlN lamb-wave resonators at 500-1000 MHz were studied by theoretical analysis and experimental verification. Through finite element analysis, we found that optimizing the width of the lateral reflection boundary at both ends of the resonator to reach the quarter wavelength (λ/4), which can improve its spectral purity and shift its resonant frequency. The designed resonators were micro-fabricated by using lithography processes on a 6-inch wafer. The measured results show that the spurious mode can be converted and dissipated, splitting into several longitudinal modes by optimizing the width of the lateral reflection boundary, which are consistent well with the theoretical analysis. Similarly, optimizing the interdigital transducer (IDT) width and number of IDT fingers can also suppress the resonator's spurious modes. In addition, it is found that there is no significant difference in the Qs value for the two modes of the dual-mode resonator with the narrow anchor and full anchor. The acoustic wave leaked from the anchor into the substrate produces a small displacement, and the energy is limited in the resonator. Compared to the resonator with Au IDTs, the resonator with Al IDTs can achieve a higher Q value due to its lower thermo-elastic damping loss. The measured results show the optimized dual-mode lamb-wave resonator can obtain Qs value of 2946.3 and 2881.4 at 730.6 MHz and 859.5 MHz, Qp values of 632.5 and 1407.6, effective electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2eff) of 0.73% and 0.11% respectively, and has excellent spectral purity simultaneously.

Pulsation Test and Analysis of Internal Gear Pump Used in Electro-hydraulic Actuator

The linear conjugate internal gear pump is widely used in the Electro-hydraulic Actuator (EHA) system because of its high efficiency and low noise, especially in the ship domain where vibration and noise requirements are very strict. To find out the reason, the calculation method of flow fluctuation and pressure pulsation at the pump outlet is obtained theoretically. First, the method of obtaining the two characteristic values of pump source flow pulsation Qs and pump source impedance Zs, and the data calculation and processing program are compiled by Matlab. Then the test platform was built, as well as the computer simulation and data collection. According to the theoretical method, the actual flow fluctuation and pressure pulsation at the pump outlet under different working conditions are measured and calculated respectively. The data of each working condition can be summarized and analyzed as: the test platform is reasonable and the data obtained from the test and calculation are reasonable; under the same frequency spectrum, the amplitude corresponding to the fundamental frequency of the motor pump is much larger than that of the pump tooth; under different working conditions, the variation trend of flow fluctuation and pressure pulsation corresponding to the fundamental frequency and the frequency doubling of the internal gear pump is obtained by testing; the specific values are smaller and suitable for the use in a silent system.

Euterpe oleracea-based biochar for clonazepam adsorption: synthesis, characterization, adsorption properties, and toxicity assays.

The consumption of açaí fruit (Euterpe oleracea) has largely increased worldwide, resulting in a significant increase in the demand for its pulp. As a result, the small producing communities end up with large amounts of açaí endocarp residues, creating local environmental pollution problems. Therefore, chemical and physical routes were investigated for producing açaí endocarp adsorbents to propose a locally viable solution for this problem. The adsorption properties of the produced biochars were tested for clonazepam (CZM) removal, and the toxicity of the final solutions was evaluated. The results revealed that the chemical route generated biochar with about twice the surface area and pore volume (762 m2 g-1 and 0.098 cm3 g-1) than the physical route (498 m2 g-1 and 0.048 cm3 g-1). Furthermore, the Sips isotherm better described the CZM adsorption equilibrium for both biochars, with qs values of 26.94 and 61.86 mg g-1 for the physical- and chemical-activated adsorbents. Moreover, recycling studies were performed, and the chemical-activated biochar was stable for up to three cycles, reaching removal rates superior to 80%. Besides, the final toxicity decreased after the adsorptive treatment. Therefore, chemical activation can be used as a simple and effective method for producing stable and compelling adsorbents as an elegant way of adding value to the residues from açaí production, helping solve local environmental problems.

Pesan Semiotis Kesalehan: Studi Analisis Ayat-ayat Filantropi Lembaga Amil Zakat Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama di Instagram

This article seeks to reveal the interpretation of piety from the Islamic philanthropic tradition (zakat, infaq, and alms) which has experienced both narrowing and development at the same time. In the realm of agency (perpetrators), muzakki are considered pious and generous people. Whereas zakat, essentially removes other people's property contained in our property. While in the social domain, there is a development of meaning if zakat is seen from a functional point of view. From a simple idea of giving transformed into a social movement for humanity. Through a semiological approach, it can reveal not only the linguistic meaning (denotational meaning) of the verses of the Qur'an related to Islamic philanthropy, but also continue to explore deeper such as symbolic meanings. The depth and specificity of the messages contained in the verses of the Qur'an are explored by continuing the process of subjective interpretation through the disclosure of further message connotations. This connotative meaning then becomes the basis for the formation of myths (philosophical meanings). This study finds the interpretation that piety according to Muhammadiyah is practicing al-Ma'un theology. A Muslim has not perfected his Islam if he has not practiced the essence of the values of Qs. Al-Ma'un. As for NU, it implies that piety has a practice based on the understanding of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah. Although different in the basis of belief, both have similarities in philanthropic activities; strengthening of religious trends and religious symbols among urban communities and the middle class. In addition, between the two there is a tendency to collaborate rather than contest. Both of them confirmed as the guardian of wasatiyah Islam (guardian of wasatiyah Islam) in Indonesia.

Representasi Qs. Al-Imran: 104 “Analisis atas Nilai Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar dalam Konten Video Tiktok (VT) Dakwah Muezza”

In today's modern world, humans really need technology to get information and make work easier. Islam as the majority religion, especially in Indonesia, must be able to keep up with the times in spreading its sharia. This study discusses the representation of the values ​​of the Qur'an in the Tiktok dakwahmuezza content. Dakwahmuezza carries a new method of spreading the message of the Qur'an, and the method used is in the form of an animated video. The purpose of this study is to explore the representation of Qs values. Al-Imran: 104 using Stuar Hall's representation theory. The method used in this study is the library research method, with the data needed, namely relevant literature, both books, journals, magazines and so on. The results obtained in this study are that the dakwahmuezza account uses the video animation method in conveying Islamic da'wah messages, so that the content contained in dakwahmuezza already represents the value in Qs. Al-Imran: 104, where the meaning of the verse is presented and discussed in an animated video.

Glucose consumption rate-dependent transcriptome profiling of Escherichia coli provides insight on performance as microbial factories

BackgroundThe modification of glucose import capacity is an engineering strategy that has been shown to improve the characteristics of Escherichia coli as a microbial factory. A reduction in glucose import capacity can have a positive effect on production strain performance, however, this is not always the case. In this study, E. coli W3110 and a group of four isogenic derivative strains, harboring single or multiple deletions of genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS)-dependent transporters as well as non-PTS transporters were characterized by determining their transcriptomic response to reduced glucose import capacity.ResultsThese strains were grown in bioreactors with M9 mineral salts medium containing 20 g/L of glucose, where they displayed specific growth rates ranging from 0.67 to 0.27 h−1, and specific glucose consumption rates (qs) ranging from 1.78 to 0.37 g/g h. RNA-seq analysis revealed a transcriptional response consistent with carbon source limitation among all the mutant strains, involving functions related to transport and metabolism of alternate carbon sources and characterized by a decrease in genes encoding glycolytic enzymes and an increase in gluconeogenic functions. A total of 107 and 185 genes displayed positive and negative correlations with qs, respectively. Functions displaying positive correlation included energy generation, amino acid biosynthesis, and sugar import.ConclusionChanges in gene expression of E. coli strains with impaired glucose import capacity could be correlated with qs values and this allowed an inference of the physiological state of each mutant. In strains with lower qs values, a gene expression pattern is consistent with energy limitation and entry into the stationary phase. This physiological state could explain why these strains display a lower capacity to produce recombinant protein, even when they show very low rates of acetate production. The comparison of the transcriptomes of the engineered strains employed as microbial factories is an effective approach for identifying favorable phenotypes with the potential to improve the synthesis of biotechnological products.