Qinhuangdao City Research Articles

New Neomys fossils (Soricidae, Insectivora) from the Middle Pleistocene of China

Three fossil Neomys specimens from the middle Pleistocene Shanyangzhai cave sediments of Qinhuangdao city, Hebei Province, China were assigned to the fossil species of Water Shrew, Neomys bohlini. The specimens show some characteristics, such as large size, condylar joint separation, and ascending ramus tilt, which are obviously different from Crocidura and Sorex. Remains of fossil Neomys are very rare. This is the first report of the species from the Zhoukoudian since 1936.

Research on Regional Ecological Security Assessment

[Purpose] This paper explains the basic theory and research methods of ecological security based on the basic concept of ecological security. Qinhuangdao City is the study area, the index system of its ecological security assessment was constructed on the basis of the pressure - state - response conceptual model, and its ecological security was evaluated by comprehensive index method.The evaluation result is that the ecological security index of Qinhuangdao is 0.633, and it is in the lower bound of the relatively safer state. At present, the main ecological problems are water shortage, water pollutions, large quantity of gaseous pollutants emission from heavy industry enterprises, inadequate protection of natural reserves, and insufficient investments in environmental protection.Some targeted countermeasures for strengthening regional ecological security management are proposed as following: establishing ecological security early warning system, developing and utilizing water resources rationally to improve water utilization efficiency, strengthening the marine environmental protection to ensure the security of marine environment, reducing sulfur dioxide emission volume by improving air quality through an effective way, and implementing ecological restoration project to improve the ecological carrying capacity. The ecology of Qinhuangdao would move to a safer ecological level through these channels.

Investigation and Prediction for Carbonation Resistance of Ready-Mixed Concrete in Qinhuangdao City

The carbonation resistance of ready-mixed concrete in Qinhuangdao was investigated and the predicted experimental data indicated that the carbonation resistance of concrete in Qinhuangdao was unsatisfactory. The longest predicted service period of concretes in this survey is merely 39.1 years when the carbonation depth reaches 25 mm; and the shortest is only 8.7 years. It’s awfully difficult to guarantee the durability of reinforced concrete structures for 50 years. The experiment results also shows that both the water to binder ratio and the mineral admixture mass fraction have great influence on the carbonation resistance of concrete. With the decrease of water to binder ratio and mineral admixture mass fraction, the predicted service years of ready-mixed concrete increase dramatically.

Analysis on dynamic ecological security and development capacity of 2005-2009 in Qinhuangdao, China

According to principles and methods of the ecological footprint, a time series of the ecological footprint was measured between 2005 and 2009 in Qinhuangdao City. The results showed that per capita the ecological footprint of Qinhuangdao City declined 3.56% from 1.847040hm2 per person to 1.781227hm2 per person in the past 5 years. However there is no significant change in per capita ecological carrying capacity with upward trend overall. Ecological deficit in Qinhuangdao increased year by year. The ecological security was at level. The pressure on the ecosystem of Qinhuangdao is so large that the economic and social developments were in a state of unsustainable development. Ecological footprint diversity of Qinhuangdao during 5 years was measured according to different land types and development capacity of Qinhuangdao was analysed by Ulanowicz formula of the development capacity

Survey of milk consumption of female below 30 years old in Qinhuangdao City

Objective To investigate milk consumption of female before the peak bone mass is reached and find out the related factors, with the aim of eventually providing a scientific basis for creating the intevening measures for promoting milk drinking and preventing osteoporosis. Methods With accidental sampling, a total of 439 women, including pupils in primary schools, students in junior high schools, students in senior high schools, students in colleges and women with a job, were investigated with a questionnaire about milk consumption and related factors. Results Only students in junior high schools and senior high schools consume milk at an amount that reaches the recommended quantity, while students in colleges consume least milk. The family's income, the relative knowledge that the participants have obtained, the parents' education level and their habit of consuming milk are positively related to the amount of milk consumption and the frequency of milk comsuption. Among the participants who consume milk everyday, there is only 29.4% that have more than 2 hours sunshine everyday, and there is 9.0% that do exercises 6～7 times a week. Participants persist in drinking milk mainly because they think milk is good for health and they like to drink it. And participants don' t persist in drinking milk mainly because they don't have the habit of drinking milk. Conclusions The milk. consumption of the college students should be improved. We should provide knowledge in milk consumption, calcium supplementation, outdoor activities, and osteoporosis prevention to the public. Key words: Female; Below 30 years old; Milk products

Ecological studies on medaka in a remained habitat in Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China

Ecological studies were carried out in the remaining habitat for medaka (Oryzias latipes), a marsh in the suburbs of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, China. Sewage released from villages increases the nutrient levels in open water areas of the marsh, while in cattail (Typha angustifolia) and reed (Phragmites communis) beds the nutrient levels are decreased. There are fewer zooplanktons in the cattail and reed beds than in the open water areas. Sampling fishes with trap nets showed that medaka lived in dense populations in the cattail and reed beds, while the other three fish species, wild goldfish (Carassius auratus), topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva), and mud loach (Misgurnus bipartitus), occupied the open water areas in the marsh. A little amount of paradise fish (Macropodus chinensis) was also found in the marsh. Japanese fresh-water shrimps (Macrobrachium nipponense) were found only in the influx canal from waterworks. Indoor aquarium experiments showed that the wild medaka in this marsh was easily cultured with commercial feed similar to domesticated strains. Some ecological aspects of the medaka were discussed based on the observations of the fish in the marsh.

Investigation of an Outbreak of Adult Diarrhea Rotavirus in China

In 1987 an epidemic of diarrhea associated with adult diarrhea rotavirus (ADRV) occurred in Qinhuangdao City, China, affecting more than 200 persons and causing 2 deaths. The outbreak was introduced by a person returning from an epidemic area and was spread initially to his family members and subsequently to the entire community. Adults were at greater risk of diarrhea than children 0-4 y of age and, the duration of illness increased significantly with increasing age. ADRV was identified by ELISA and electron microscopy. The electropherotypes of all positive specimens were identical, consistent with the single point-source introduction of the virus. Seroconversion was detected in 6 of 7 ill persons with a blocking ELISA. Both asymptomatic infection and person-to-person spread identified in this epidemic suggest that current emphasis on preventing waterborne transmission may not control the introduction of ADRV into new areas. The predisposition of adults for more severe disease with ADRV is similar to the pattern observed with other enteric viruses such as the Norwalk agent and hepatitis A.