Qena Governorate Research Articles

Molecular characterization of sheep major histocompatibility complex (OVAR-MHC) Class II DQA1 gene in two Egyptian breeds

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large locus on vertebrate DNA that contains a set of closely related polymorphic genes coding for cell surface proteins essential for an adaptive immune system. MHC is thought to be under strong selection pressure because of its main role in infectious disease resistance. Thus, the pattern of different MHC genes variation should reflect this selection pressure in animal's natural populations. To test this hypothesis, we investigate the nature and frequency of polymorphism of the sheep MHC class II DQA1 gene in two different common local Egyptian sheep breeds (Ossimi and Saidi). Ovar-DQA1 gene is considered one of the most important response genes in the MHC region. In the current study, blood samples of 50 Egyptian sheep from two breeds (32 Ossimi and 18 Saidi) with different ages and sex and from seven different farms in Qena governorate were collected for DNA extraction and PCR amplification. The PCR products of 18 DQA1 alleles were examined using direct sequencing, for the detection of polymorphism in a functionally relevant domain of the DQA1 gene. Among the investigated samples the phylogenetic tree reconstruction and sequence comparison revealed different DQA1 alleles. Thirty-two sheep samples lacking DQA1, five different alleles were identified for the two breeds. The multiple sequence alignment illustrates nucleotide polymorphism and conserved regions in the identified sequences. This variation leads to a better understanding of the genetic makeup of Ovar-MHC and facilitates the selective breeding programs to determine the resistance and susceptibility to disease in sheep.

Economic losses caused by rodents in some types of maize fields at Farshout District, Qena Governorate, Egypt

This study was conducted to estimate the quantitative damage caused by rodent infestation to some types of maize and its financial transfer, at Al-Dahsa village in Farshout district, Qena Governorate, Egypt, during study period 2018/2019. The percentage of the quantitative and economic losses in maize varieties caused by rodents show that the highest value of loss was recorded in genotype single cross (HYTECH 2066) were about (3.91 and 3.00 Ardab/ feddan with a value of about (2737 and 2100 pounds), followed by the (Balady) type with about (3.90 and 2.34 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (2730 and 1638 pounds), followed by the single hybrid genotype (HYTECH 2055) about (3.26 and 2.57 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (2282 and 1799 pounds), while the moderate loss was recorded in crossbreeding Triple genetic (National seeds 11 "National seeds company") about (2.40 and 2.10 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (1608 and 1407 pounds), followed by the three-way genotype (National seeds 310) with about (2.30 and 1.84 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (1541 and 1233) pounds, while the lowest value was recorded in the individual genotype (National seeds 6) with about (1.30 and 1.04 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (871 and 697 pounds), followed by the individual hybrid genotype (National seeds 4), about (1.50 and 1.20 Ardab/fed) with a value of about (1005 and 804 pounds). The study indicates the interest in agricultural operations, taking preventive measures and implementing appropriate control programs for the maize varieties most infested with rodents. Keywords: Rodent Infestation; Financial Transfer; Type of Maize; Ardab; Feddan

تأثير استخدام التدريب المرکب على تنمية بعض الصفات البدنية الخاصة والمستوى الرقمي لمتسابقي الوثب الثلاثي

يهدف البحث الى تصميم برنامج تدريبي باستخدام التدريب المرکب ومعرفة تأثيره علي (السرعة القصوى، القوة العضلية للرجلين، القوة العضلية للظهر، القوة المميزة بالسرعة للرجلين، القوة الإنفجارية للرجلين، المرونة، الرشاقة، التوافق)، والمستوي الرقمي لدي ناشئي الوثب الثلاثي داخل المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة، استخدم الباحثون المنهج التجريبي لمناسبته لطبيعة الدراسة باستخدام التصميم التجريبي لمجموعتين إحداهما تجريبية والأخرى ضابطة وتمثل مجتمع وعينة البحث من (15) لاعب من ناشئي الوثب الثلاثي تحت 20 سنة بنادي العاملين بشرکه السکر بنجع حمادي - محافظة قنا، والمسجلين بالإتحاد المصري لألعاب القوى للهواه – فرع قنا، تم إختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية. The research aims to design a training program using complex training and know its effect on (maximum speed, muscular strength of the legs, muscular strength of the back, strength characteristic of speed for the legs, explosive strength of the legs, flexibility, agility, compatibility), and the digital level among the junior triple jumpers within the experimental and control group. The researchers used the experimental method for its relevance to the nature of the study by using the experimental design of two groups, one experimental and the other control, representing a community and the research sample of (15) players from the junior triple jump under 20 years old at the Workers Club of the Sugar Company in Nagaa Hammadi - Qena Governorate, and who are registered with the Egyptian Amateur Athletics Federation - Branch In Qena, they were selected in an intentional way.

Isolation and Characterization of some Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Early Mortalities in Japanese Quail Chicks at Qena Governorate, Egypt

Quail farms become widely spread in Egypt as a source of meat. Early mortality of quailchicks is one of quail breeding limiting factors. This study was performed to study role ofsome

Incidence of Fungi Contaminating Some Medicinal Plants and Their Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties at Qena Governorate, Egypt

Incidence of Fungi Contaminating Some Medicinal Plants and Their Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties at Qena Governorate, Egypt

Efficacy of Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium aromaticum in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates Associated with Urinary Tract Infections.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an organism commonly found in the environment and one of the most common causes of human urinary tract infections in developed and developing countries. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of five medicinal plant extracts on the isolated drug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. A total of 100 urine samples were collected from Nagaa Hammadi and Qena General Hospitals and private medical analysis laboratories in Qena governorate, Upper Egypt. Samples were screened for the prevalence of UTI pathogens by biochemical tests, antibiotics sensitivity, detection of virulence, and antibiotic-resistant genes by using multiplex PCR. P. aeruginosa is by far the subdominant causative agent with a percentage of 14%. Clinical isolates were multidrug-resistant, containing blaTEM, blaSHV, toxA, lasB, pslA, and fliC resistant and virulence genes. Based on bioactivity, the ethanolic extract of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) was the most active extract among tested medicinal plants and had the maximum zone of inhibition sized 23 mm against tested bacteria. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) showed a high decrease of inhibition within a concentration range of (10 to 121.25 mg/mL and 20 to 30 mg/mL, respectively). Further, major compounds of oleic acid (27.22%), guanosine (8.91%), indole (6.83%), 1-eicosene (6.30%), and cis-10-nonadecenoic acid (5.37%) were determined among 12 bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of S. aromaticum using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These results indicated that the ethanolic extract of S. aromaticum is a promising antibacterial agent for further studies aiming to control bacterial infections including MDR bacteria and develop novel therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of UTI.

Demographic and clinical profile of multiple sclerosis in Qena governorate, Egypt

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) MS is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative inflammatory disorder of the brain and the spinal cord that is one of the most frequent neurological disorders ata young age. Several MS centers have established MS registries to estimate the prevalence of the disease in the general community and to investigate the clinical characteristics of MS patients. Objectives: Determining the demographic and clinical patients with MS referred to Qena University Hospital. Patients and methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study on thirty patients clinically diagnosed to have MS according to 2017 McDonald criteria were included. They were diagnosed in the neuropsychiatry departmentfrom November 2018 to April 2020. Results: There were 17 (56.6%) females, 13 (43.3%) males, the mean age was 31.65 (± 8.08 SD), the mean duration of illness was 58.98 (± 44.78 SD). Conclusion: This is the first MS register from the governorate of Qena. The clinical features of MS in Qena is comparable to those seen in other Arab and Western countries. Females are more likely to develop MS than males, and visual symptoms were the most frequent manifestations. Our results also illustrate the importance of developing registries in Egypt so that the clinical path of the disease can be studied prospectively.

Economic feasibility of red meat projects in Qena governorate

Economic feasibility of red meat projects in Qena governorate

The patterns of holding and their impact on the distribution of agricultural holdings in Qena Governorate

The patterns of holding and their impact on the distribution of agricultural holdings in Qena Governorate

Compatibility of Water Resources System in Egypt to Future Climate Change Projections, Case Study Qena Governorate - Upper Egypt

In this paper, the water resources system in Qena governorate was proposed by studying the natural and hydrogeological conditions of the governorate, including its location, groundwater, climate and rain. Also Studying the Social and economic conditions of the study area including its population, crops, drinking water and etc. Through the water balance model and a Water Shortage Quality Index on 3 scenarios: the base case scenario in 2018, the realistic scenario in 2050 without any adaptation measures and the optimistic scenario in 2050, which considers adaptation measures of water shortage.

Influence of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Sources on Growth and Productivity of Williams Banana Plants

Experiments were carried out during two consecutive 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to measure the influence of various sources of nitrogen fertilizers on enhancing growth and fruiting of Williams banana plants grown under Qena Governorate, Egypt. Applying 25% of the recommended nitrogen dose along with 25 to 50% organic-N enriched with EM as a bio-form at 50 or 25% were effective in enhancing all growth aspects, production and fruit quality compared to the control. Using combination of three forms of nitrogen were more favorable than using mineral-N alone.Therefore, it could be concluded that using three forms of nitrogen fertilizers get high yield with good fruit quality of Williams bananas. In addition, it reduces the cost of production and environmental pollution, due to excess of chemical fertilizers..

Comparison between conventional and recent culture methods for detection of fish mycobacteria

The present study aimed to isolate and identify mycobacteria from Nile tilapia and fresh water as well as ornamental fish and aquarium water in Sohag Assuit and Qena Governorates. Conventional and recent methods (MB-Redox system) were used for isolation and detection of mycobacteria with comparison between them regarding to the rate of isolation time for growth and growth character of colonies. Three isolates were isolated from fresh water and identified as unclassified atypical mycobacteria and four isolates were recovered from aquarium water and identified as M. fortuitum and M. marinum. Eleven isolates were isolated from goldfish and identified as M. marinum, M. fortuitum and unclassified atypical mycobacteria. The recovery rate of MB-Redox system for mycobacteria was 12%, while in case of L-J medium was 10.66%. The mean time for detection of M. marinum was 3-7 days and 7-10 days for MBRedox system and Lowenstein – Jensen medium, respectively. The mean time for detection of M. fortuitum was 1-3 days for MB-Redox system, while in case of L-J medium was 3-6 days. The mean time for detection of other unidentified atypical mycobacteria was 3-8 days for MB-Redox system, while in case of L-J medium was 3-14 days. The detection of mycobacterial growth on MB-Redox system at different times revealed that the color of MB- Redox tubes appear yellow at time of inoculation changed to pink color after 3 days. The colonies appear as red particles on the surface. After 15 days, the color of MB-Redox medium changed to yellow with red particles on the surface.

Qal’at Sheikh Hammâm (2020)

1. The site and its interest The citadel of Sheikh al-’Arab Hammām is located in Qena Governorate, near the village of Al-ʿArakī, about 6 km southwest of Farshut. The site is remarkable for the presence of the citadel which faces the wadi el-Ḥūl, which leads to Darb el-Arbaʿīn, the famous camel trail on which caravans have continued to circulate since remote times in the history of the Egypt. Never excavated to th...

Salinization of groundwater under desert reclamation stress at Qena region, Egypt

The scarcity of water resources with increasing demand made the evaluation of groundwater quality an urgent matter. Thus statistical analyses and hydrochemical models were conducted on 111 wells sampled from Pleistocene aquifer at Qena Governorate. Multivariate statistics revealed mixed processes affecting groundwater chemistry. Such processes expressed in terms of four rotated factors; these are mineralization (salinization), anthropogenic surface recharge, dissolution of ferromagnesian minerals, and oxidation factor. Aquifer salinization is evidenced by a lateral change in the basic hydrochemical characteristics from low mineralized Ca–HCO3, Mg–HCO3, and Na–HCO3 water types to highly mineralized Ca–Cl, Mg–Cl, and Na–Cl facies. Chloride-water species are associated with high-impact areas of chloride-rich sediments (dissolution of overlain saline sediments and marine Pliocene clay underneath). Piper diagram indicates desert wells are dominantly affected by saltwater intrusion from deep aquifers along fault planes under over-pumping. On other hand, shallow wells are the most affected by surface activities. Likewise, wells located in the vicinity of the industrial zone and sites of wastewater disposal. This raises questions about desert reclamation strategy and its impact on groundwater quality; hence this approach can be used as a basic tool for reviewing desert reclamation management strategies. CapsuleQuaternary freshwater aquifer in Egypt was exposed to salinization under desert reclamation, via dissolution of marine deposits and intrusion from deeper aquifers.

The Role of Public Library in South Upper Egypt in Community Development : Libraries Qena Governorate as a model

This study aimed to clarify the role of public libraries in Qena Governorate in the service of the community and the extent of their contribution to the development of the community, in addition to the presentation of initiatives and events provided by / will be provided by public libraries in Qena to participate in community development. The study was based on the survey method through the inventory of public libraries in Qena Governorate, where the number of libraries reached 193 libraries out of a total of 227 by 85%, of which 155 libraries belonging to youth and sports centers and 20 libraries belonging to houses and palaces of culture and 12 children's libraries and 6 clubs libraries and these libraries distributed over 9 centers within the governorate of Qena, The questionnaire was used as a data collection as a tool consisting of 25 questions divided into four axes. The study found that: The public libraries in Qena Governorate provide many services through which they seek to serve and develop the community in addition to activities and training programs. They also participate in literacy and adult education programs and support the educational process. However, there are many difficulties which face these libraries in increasing its participation in community development such as weak budget and lake of specialists in library and information science, The researcher suggested a program to increase the contribution of public libraries in southern Upper Egypt to community development and empowerment.

The first report to record the parasitoids of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in Egypt

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a harmful pest of many plants. In Egypt, the presence of S. frugiperda in maize fields was reported in 2019. The aim of this study was to record the parasitoids of S. frugiperda in Egypt. The survey was conducted at Sohag and Qena governorates. Survey studies showed five parasitoids were recorded. In Sohag governorate, from the total samples of fall armyworm collected, four species of parasitoids emerged, three of them belonged to order hymenoptera and one belonged to diptera. Two of the hymenopteran parasitoids were found in samples collected from Shandaweel district, Dinarmus basalis (Rondani, 1877) family Pteromalidae and Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday) family Braconidae. While the third is Microplitis rufiventris (Kokujev) family Braconidae was emerged from samples collected fromEl-Osyrat district. However, the dipteranparasitoidis Exorista (Tachina) larvarum (Linnaeus), which emerged from samples collected from Shandaweel district. In Qena governorate, one parasitoid species emerged Chelonus intermedius (Thomson) which was found inAbu Tesht district. Up to my knowledge this is the first record of the mentioned parasitoids on S. frugiperda in Egypt.

إستخدام الزجاج المعالج بتکنولوجيا النانو لتحسين أداء الطاقة في الفصول المدرسية في محافظة قنا، مصر Using the Nanotechnology Treated Glass for Improving Energy Performance of School Classrooms in Qena, Egypt

تقوم الدولة المصرية بإنشاء العديد من المدارس وذلک لتلبية إحتياجات أعداد الطلاب وتحقيق جودة التعليم ؛ وتعتبر تحقيق الراحة الحرارية داخل الفصول المدرسية من أهم معايير ومتطلبات تحقيق أهداف التعليم الاساسي وذلک من خلال معالجة عناصر الغلاف الخارجى للفصول المدرسية ، وتظهر الورقة البحثية دور التطور التکنولوجى وتأثيره على مواد البناء وبالتالى تأثيرها على کفاءة الطاقة والتى تعد من أهم متطلبات التصميم البيئى للمبانى و أهم معايير العمارة المستدامة ، ويتناول البحث مشکلة إستهلاک الطاقة فى مبانى الفصول المدرسية فى محافظة قنا نتيجة عدم کفاءة الزجاج المستخدم فى الفتحات فى الغلاف الخارجى ، وبالتالى فإن الهدف الرئيسى من هذا البحث هو تحسين أداء الطاقة بالفصول المدرسية باستخدام الزجاج المعالج بتکنولوجيا النانو فى فتحات الغلاف الخارجى للفصول المدرسية فى محافظة قنا.وتم عمل دراسة تطبيقية بإستخدام المحاکاه الحاسوبية ببرنامج Design Builder v 6.0 وهو من البرامج المعتمدة عالميا فى مجال التحليل البيئى للمبانى نظرا لدقة النتائج المستخرجة من البرنامج مع الاستهلاک الفعلى ، وتشير النتائج الرئيسية الى أن نسب تخفيض معدل إستهلاک الطاقة بين زجاج حالة الأساس والزجاج المعالج بتکنولوجيا النانو المزدوج المخفض للإنبعاث 6مم و 13 مم هواء تزيد عن 30 % عن حالة الاساس توجيه )جنوب -غرب(. فى الفصول المدرسية فى محافظة قنا . The Egyptian state establishes many schools in order to meet the needs of the numbers of students and achieve the quality of education,; The achievement of thermal comfort in the school classroom is most important criteria and requirements for achieving the objectives of basic education during the treatment of the elements of the building envelope of the school classrooms, The research paper shows the role of technological development and its impact on building materials and thus its effect on energy efficiency, which is one of the most important requirements for the environmental design of buildings and the most important criteria for sustainable architecture.The research deals with the problem of energy consumption in classroom buildings in Qena Governorate, as a result of the inefficiency of the glass used in the openings in the building envelope. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to improve the energy performance of school classrooms by using nanotechnology treated glass in the building envelope of school classrooms in Qena Governorate ,An applied study was made using computer simulation with the Design Builder v 6.0 program, which is one of the internationally approved programs in the field of environmental analysis of buildings due to the accuracy of the results.The results indicate that the use of glass treated with nanotechnology double low-e 6 mm and 13 mm air to improve the energy efficiency of school classrooms in Qena governorate by rates of more than 30% over the base case of the (South-west) orientation.

Prevalence, severity, distribution and risk indicators of gingival recession in Qena governorate (Upper Egypt): An Epidemiological study

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study estimated the prevalence of gingival recession (its severity and distribution) and assessed the association of potential risk indicators with the occurrence of gingival recession in Qena governorate, Egypt. Subject and methods: A representative sample of 1959 patients aged from 18 -90 years old (984 males and 975 females) from different areas in Qena governorate, Egypt were examined. A descriptive questionnaire was prepared for the examinations and full personal data were recorded. Results : The prevalence of gingival recession was 32.8%; Class I recession was (24.2%) followed by Classes II, III and IV (7.2, 1.3 and 0.1%, respectively). The most affected quadrants were the lower left quadrant while the least affected quadrant was the upper right quadrant. The most affected teeth were lower anterior teeth while The least commonly affected teeth were lower right posterior teeth. Conclusion: Prevalence of gingival recession showed more frequently in males than in females. Gingival recession was found to be more common in mandibular arch than maxillary. Lower anterior teeth than posterior ones and Left side of the arch was more commonly affected. This is a preliminary basis toward establishing a complete epidemiological study regarding the prevalence, severity as well as manifestations of oral diseases in Egypt. Hopefully, this help toward planning effective, preventive as well as therapeutic measures in this regard.

Assessment of damage caused by rodents in some maize varieties in Farshut area, Qena governorate, Egypt

The work herein was carried out to estimate the damage caused by rodent species on some cultivars of yellow and white maize crop at EL-Dahasa village, Farshut district, Qena governorate, Egypt during the summer 2018 and 2019 seasons. The genotypes studied were three Yellow maize (Balady and Single Cross: S. C. 2055, S. C. 2066) and four white maize [ (Single cross: S. C. 4 and S. C. 6) and (three ways cross: T.W. C. 310 and T. W. C. 11)]. The Balady variety is more attacked by rodents compared to the single and triple hybrids, and this may be due to the early maturing variety (80-90 days) compared to the single and triple hybrids (110-120 days). Also, the yellow corn cultivars are more vulnerable to rodents than the white cultivars, due to the fact that they contain a greater amount of oils compared to the white cultivars.

Development of The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) on Three Host Plants نمو وتطور دودة الحشد الخريفية علي ثلاثة عوائل نباتية

The present laboratory study is first attempt in Egypt which focused on studying the development of recent invasive insect pest “fall armyworm” Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on three host plants, Castor oil, Corn and Lettuce. Study was conducted at Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena Governorate, Egypt. The fall armyworm, S. frugiperda is an economically important polyphagous. The pest has recently invaded Egypt causing unexpected damage to maize and other crops. The life history of S. frugiperda on three different host food resources, castor leaves, corn and lettuce was studied under laboratory conditions. Larval mortality percentage, larval duration, pupation percentage, pupal weight, pupal duration, pupal mortality percentage, adult emergence, sex ratio, male and female longevity, fecundity (No. of egg laying/female) and fertility % (egg hatchability) were evaluated. Obtained results showed that, average larval duration was 23.36, 23.58 and 22.8 days for castor leaves, corn and lettuce, respectively. The pupal duration was 10.52, 10.75 and 10.89 days respectively at the same three hosts. There were non-significant different between all pupal duration values. Fecundity (eggs laid by the females) was 2299.0, 1839.5 and 2116.0 egg/female at the same three hosts, respectively. Also results indicated that, post ovipostion periods were 2.4, 1.0 and 2.19 days, for castor leaves, maize and lettuce respectively. There were no preferences for any of tested plants which may be related to antixenosis/antibiosis. The fall armyworm S. frugiperda can easily reared in laboratory using uneconomic plants castor oil leaves.