Pyridine Nitrogen Atom Research Articles

Role of intermolecular interactions in formation of mono- and diaminopyridine crystals: study from the energetic viewpoint

The regularities of crystal structure organization in a series of mono- and diaminopyridines possessing biological activities were studied using an approach based on comparison of interaction energies between molecules calculated by ab initio quantum chemical method. The presence of the pyridine nitrogen atom causes the formation of N–H…Npyr hydrogen bond which is the strongest in all the studied structures. Being amphiphilic in hydrogen bond formation, the amino group possesses acceptor properties only in meta-position to the pyridine nitrogen atom in mono-aminopyridines. The presence of the two amino groups results in increasing of acceptor properties of both ones. The N–H…Nlp hydrogen bonds bind primary BSM (basic structural motif) in the structures of 2,5-diaminopyridine, 2,4-diaminopyridine and 3,4-diamonpyridine and form the primary BSM alongside with N–H…Npyr hydrogen bond in the structure of 2,3-diaminopyridine. The helical primary basic structural motif and double helical secondary basic structural motif in the 2,3-diaminopyridine crystal structure are very similar to the DNA helix and double helix.

Identification of the activity source of CO2 electroreduction by strategic catalytic site distribution in stable supramolecular structure system.

Identification of the real catalytic site in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is critical for the rational design of catalysts and the understanding of reactive mechanisms. In this study, the catalytic activity of pyridine-containing materials was for the first time structurally demonstrated in CO2RR by crystalline supramolecular coordination compounds model system. The system consists of three stable supramolecular coordination compounds (Ni-TPYP, Ni-TPYP-1 and Ni-TPP) with different numbers (4, 2 and 0) of active pyridine groups (i.e. uncoordinated pyridine nitrogen atoms). The electrocatalytic test results show that with the decrease of the number of active pyridine groups, the CO2RR performance is gradually reduced, mainly showing the reduction of highest FECO (99.8%, 83.7% and 25.6%, respectively). The crystallographic, experimental and theoretical evidences prove that the CO2RR activity is more likely derived from uncoordinated pyridine nitrogen than the electrocatalytic inert metal nickel in porphyrin center. This work serves as an important case study for the identification of electrocatalytic activity of pyridine-containing materials in CO2RR by simple supramolecular model system.

Crystal structure of di-chlorido-1κCl,2κCl-(μ2-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolato-1κN 2:2κN 1)(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-2κN 2){μ-2-[(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)amino-1κ2 N,O]ethano-lato-1:2κ2 O:O}dicopper(II).

The title compound, [Cu2(C5H7N2)(C4H10NO2)Cl2(C5H8N2)], is a pyrazolate amino-alcohol complex which contains two di-methyl-pyrazole mol-ecules in monodentate and bidentate-bridged coordination modes and a monodeproton-ated di-ethano-lamine mol-ecule. Both copper atoms are involved in the formation of non-planar five-membered chelate rings. One Cu atom is in a distorted tetra-hedral environment formed by the pyridine nitro-gen atom of the protonated di-methyl-pyrazole mol-ecule, the N atom of the deprotonated bridged di-methyl-pyrazole, the Cl atom and the bridged O atom of the monodeprotonated di-ethano-lamine. The second Cu atom has an inter-mediate environment between trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal, formed by the N atom of the deprotonated bridged di-methyl-pyrazole, the Cl atom and the N atom of the amino-alcohol, and two O atoms of the deprotonated and protonated OH groups. In the crystal, N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the molecules into anti-symmetric chains running along the a-axis direction. Adjacent chains are connected by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the hydroxyl group as donor.

4,15-Dimethyl-7,12-diazo-niatri-cyclo-[10.4.0.02,7]hexa-deca-1(12),2,4,6,13,15-hexa-ene dibromide monohydrate.

The title compound, C16H20N2 2+·2Br-·H2O (1) is a member of the class of compounds called viologens. Viologens are quaternary salts of di-pyridyls and are especially useful as redox indicators as a result of their large negative one-electron reduction potentials. Compound 1 consists of a dication composed of a pair of 4-methyl-pyridine rings mutually joined at the 2-position, with a dihedral angle between the pyridine rings of 62.35 (4)°. In addition, the rings are tethered via the pyridine nitro-gen atoms by a tetra-methyl-ene bridge. Charge balance is provided by a pair of bromide anions, which are hydrogen bonded to a single water mol-ecule [D O⋯Br = 3.3670 (15) and 3.3856 (15) Å]. The crystal structure of 1, details of an improved synthesis, and a full analysis of its NMR spectra are presented.

The coordination of Al on pyridinic-N doped graphene as electrons reservoir for efficiently catalyzing CO oxidization

Single atom catalysts (SACs) have gained paramount attention due to their superior catalytic reactivity. Herein, as the most abundant metal on earth, the aluminum (Al) was used to construct a novel SAC with configuration of Al-GN4 for catalytic oxidation of CO, where a single Al atom was coordinated with four pyridinic nitrogen atoms doped in graphene grids. Four CO catalytic oxidization mechanisms including Eley-Rideal (ER), Langmuir-Hinshelwool (LH), New Eley-Rideal (NER) and termolecular Eley-Rideal (TER) were investigated to explore the catalytic performance of Al-GN4. It was found that the energy barriers of the rate-determining step for ER, LH and NER mechanisms were in the range from 0.41 to 0.59 eV, denoting the high catalytic activity of Al-GN4. It is worthy to note that the CO oxidization via TER mechanism is nearly barrierless although the probability may be low for its high adsorption energy at the initial state. Through detailed electronic structure analysis, an Al-N-C local structure functioning as electrons reservoir for electrons collection and release during adsorption and activation of O2 was proposed. Our results may provide clues for understanding the catalytic performance of SACs, moreover, we expect it will be helpful for designing other SACs with superior activity.

Toward high-efficiency and thermally-stable perovskite solar cells: A novel metal-organic framework with active pyridyl sites replacing 4-tert-butylpyridine

4-tert-butylpyridine (t-BP), the only liquid phase constituent in hole transport layers (HTLs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), volatilizes easily to induce the aggregation, hydration, and ion penetration of lithium salts, thereby seriously impairing the thermal stability of devices. Herein, an efficient strategy is presented to address this issue by developing a novel thermally-stable metal-organic framework (MOF) In-Pyia with active pyridyl sites to replace the volatile t-BP. The In-Pyia-modified PSCs realize enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) with low performance fluctuation (19.47 ± 0.79%), significantly outperforming the typical devices employing t-BP (17.42 ± 1.02%). More importantly, In-Pyia fulfills a long-term effectiveness to restrain the negative morphological changes of HTL films, attributed to its robust framework and strong coordination effect between pyridine nitrogen atoms and Li+ ions. Even after the overnight thermal treatment at 85 °C and subsequent exposure to the ambient environment (25 °C and relative humidity of ~40%) for 16 days without any encapsulation, the In-Pyia-modified PSCs still maintain 80.9% of the initial PCE, while below 20% is left to the t-BP-controlled devices. This is the first example involving a MOF material as the substitute of t-BP, providing a new feasible strategy to fabricate high-efficiency and thermally-stable PSCs.

Di-aqua-bis-{μ-1,5-bis-[(pyridin-2-yl)methyl-idene]carbonohydrazide(1-)}di-μ-chlorido-tetra-chlorido-tetra-zinc(II).

A tetra-nuclear ZnII complex, [Zn4(C13H11N6O)2Cl6(H2O)2] or {[Zn2(HL)(H2O)(Cl2)](μCl)2[Zn2(HL)(H2O)(Cl)]}2, was synthesized by mixing an equimolar amount of a methanol solution containing ZnCl2 and a methanol solution containing the ligand H2 L [1,5-bis-(pyridin-2-yl-methyl-ene)carbono-hydrazide]. In the tetra-nuclear complex, each of the two ligand mol-ecules forms a dinuclear unit that is connected to another dinuclear unit by two bridging chloride anions. In each dinuclear unit, one ZnII cation is penta-coordinated in a N2OCl2 in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry, while the other ZnII cation is hexa-coordinated in a N3OCl2 environment with a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The basal plane around the penta-coordinated ZnII cation is formed by one chloride anion, one oxygen atom, one imino nitro-gen atom and one pyridine nitro-gen atom with the apical position occupied by a chloride anion. The basal plane of the hexa-coordinated ZnII cation is formed by one chloride anion, one hydrazinyl nitro-gen atom, one imino nitro-gen atom and one pyridine nitro-gen atom with the apical positions occupied by a water oxygen atom and a bridged chloro anion from another dinuclear unit, leading to a tetra-nuclear complex. A series of intra-molecular C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds is observed in each tetra-nuclear unit. In the crystal, the tetra-nuclear units are connected by inter-molecular C-H⋯Cl, C-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a planar two-dimensional structure in the ac plane.

Zn(II) complexes of (E)-4-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)quinazoline in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sodium diclofenac: Structure, DNA binding and photo-cleavage studies, antioxidant activity and interaction with albumin

The interaction of the novel quinazoline (E)-4-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)quinazoline (L) with Zn2+ was performed in the absence or presence of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sodium diclofenac (Nadicl) and resulted in the formation of complexes [Zn(L)2](NO3)2·MeOH (1·MeOH) and [Zn(L)(dicl-O)2]·MeOH (2·MeOH), respectively. The two complexes were characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In these complexes, L was tridentately coordinated to Zn(II) via the quinazoline, hydrazone and pyridine nitrogen atoms. Further studies concerning the behavior of the compounds towards calf-thymus (CT) DNA and supercoiled circular pBluescript KS II plasmid DNA (pDNA) have been performed. The complexes may bind to CT DNA via intercalation, with complex 1 showing higher binding affinity than 2. The complexes may cleave pDNA in the absence or presence of irradiation with UVA, UVB or visible light and the most active pDNA-cleavager is compound 1. The binding constants of the compounds for bovine serum albumin were calculated and the subdomain of the albumin where the compounds prefer to bind was determined. The free radical scavenging ability of the compounds was evaluated towards 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2΄-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals with complex 2 being the most active compound. Thus, complex of type 1 maybe a lead compound for the development of novel DNA-binders and DNA-cleavers or photo-cleavers for medical and biotechnological “on demand” applications, whereas the structure of complex type 2 may provide novel antioxidants and radical scavengers.

A solid solution of ethyl and d 3-methyl 2-[(4-meth-yl-pyridin-2-yl)amino]-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thia-zole-5-carboxyl-ate.

The synthesis of ethyl 2-[(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thia-zole- 5-carboxyl-ate via the Hantzsch reaction and partial in situ transesterification during recrystallization from methanol-d 4 to the d 3-methyl ester, resulting in the title solid solution, ethyl 2-[(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thia-zole-5-carboxyl-ate-d 3-methyl 2-[(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thia-zole-5-carboxyl-ate (0.88/0.12), 0.88C17H16N4O2S·0.12C16D3H11N4O2S, is reported. The refined ratio of ethyl to d 3-methyl ester in the crystal is 0.880 (6):0.120 (6). The pyridine ring is significantly twisted out of the plane of the approximately planar picoline thia-zole ester moiety. N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the secondary amino group and the pyridine nitro-gen atom of an adjacent symmetry-related mol-ecule link the mol-ecules into polymeric hydrogen-bonded zigzag tapes extending by glide symmetry in the [001] direction. There is structural evidence for intra-molecular N⋯S chalcogen bonding and inter-molecular weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between adjacent zigzag tapes.

Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial studies of half-sandwich η6-toluene ruthenium complexes with N,N′-bidentate ligands

Nine new complexes [(η6-C6H5-CH3)RuLCl]+(PF6)ˉ (where L = N,N′-bidentate ligand; (C5H4NCH = N-Ar) where Ar = 4-methylphenyl (C20H20ClF6N2PRu, 1); 3,4-dimethylphenyl (C21H22ClF6N2PRu, 2); 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (C21H24ClF6N2PRu, 3); 4-bromophenyl (C19H17ClBrF6N2PRu, 4); 2,5-dimethylphenyl (C21H22ClF6N2PRu, 5); 2-flourophenyl (C19H17ClF7N2PRu, 6), (4-methoxyphenyl)methylene (C21H22ClF6N2OPRu, 7); phenylmethylene (C20H20ClF6N2PRu, 8); and 3,5-dimethylphenyl (C21H22ClF6N2PRu, 9) were synthesized by reacting the corresponding N,N′-bidentate ligands with the ruthenium arene dimer in a 2:1 ratio. The compounds were fully characterized via 1H NMR and 13C NMR, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The molecular structures of representative complexes (1, 7, and 8) were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. In the molecular structures of the complexes, the ligands coordinate to the Ru(II) centers via the pyridine nitrogen atom and the imine N atom in a bidentate manner. The other coordination sites of the Ru(II) center are occupied by the tolyl system in an η6 manner resulting in geometry often referred to as “pseudo-octahedral piano-stool.” All compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity by the disk diffusion method against a panel of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The complexes showed promising bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300.

Two Zinc(II) Complexes with Similar Hydrazone Ligands: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Antibacterial Activities

A pair of new mononuclear zinc(II) complexes with hydrazone ligands 4-methoxybenzoic acid (1-pyridin-2-ylmethylidene)hydrazide (HLa) and benzoic acid (1-pyridin-2-ylethylidene)hydrazide (HLb) were prepared. They are [Zn(La)2] (1) and [Zn(Lb)2] (2). The complexes were characterized by physico-chemical methods and single crystal X-ray determination. The tridentate hydrazone ligands coordinate to the Zn atoms through the pyridine nitrogen, imino nitrogen and enolate oxygen atoms. The Zn atom in each complex is six coordinated by two hydrazone ligands, to form octahedral coordination. The complexes have effective activities against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens.

Tuning of cytotoxic activity by bio-mimetic ligands in ruthenium nitrosyl complexes

Three novel ruthenium nitrosyl complexes [Ru(NO)Cl3(InicMe)2] (1b), [RuNOCl3(NicEt)2] (1c) and [RuNOCl3(NicMe)2] (1d) (InicMe = methyl isonicotinate, NicEt = ethyl nicotinate, NicMe = = methyl nicotinate)were prepared and crystal structure of the complexes were determined by single crystal XRD analysis. In all complexes, the organic ligands are coordinated by a pyridine nitrogen atom and located in trans-position each to other and in cis-position to NO group. In the crystal package of all compounds stacking interactions of two types were determined: πarene-πarene and πCOO-πarene stacking. Finally, cytotoxicity of the compounds was tested on Hep2 and HepG2 cell lines. In the set of similar compounds mer-[RuNO(L)2Cl3] (L = Py, γ-Pic, β-Pic, Inic-Alk, Nic-Alk), complexes with iso-nicotinic acid esters are the most toxic, while nicotinic acid derivatives are less toxic and compared with pyridine complex.

Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies and Crystal Structure Determination of a Novel Mn(II) Complex with N,N-1,5-bis(2-acetylpyridinyl)carbonohydrazone Ligand

A new Mn(II) complex prepared by the reaction of 1,5-bis(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)carbonohydrazide (H2L) with Mn(II) ion is reported in this paper. The H2L ligand is structurally characterized by elemental analysis, NMR and infrared spectroscopies. The mononuclear complex [Mn(H2L)(Cl2)(H2O)] (1), is characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, conductance, magnetic room temperature measurement and single X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic system in the space group P-1 with the unit cell parameters a = 8.5453 (13) A, b = 9.4231 (10) A, c = 12.2273 (17) A, α = 78.168 (10)°, β = 81.361 (13)° and γ = 83.187 (11)°, Z = 2, R1 = 0.084 and wR2 = 0.257 (I > 2σ(I)). H2L acts as a tridentate ligand which coordinated metal atom through one pyridine nitrogen atom, one hydrazone nitrogen atom and one hydrazone oxygen atom. The Mn2+ ion has a distorted octahedral environment with three atoms from the ligand, one water oxygen atom and two chloride atoms. Numerous hydrogen bonds form layers propagating in bc plane and ensure the cohesion of crystalline structure in three-dimensional network.

Cobalt and nitrogen atoms co-doped porous carbon for advanced electrical double-layer capacitors

Electrical double-layer capacitors are widely concerned for their high power density, long cycling life and high cycling efficiency. However, their wide application is limited by their low energy density. In this study, we propose a simple yet environmental friendly method to synthesize cobalt and nitrogen atoms co-doped porous carbon (CoAT-NC) material. Cobalt atoms connected with primarily pyridinic nitrogen atoms can be uniformly dispersed in the amorphous carbon matrix, which is benefit for improving electrical conductivity and density of states of the carbon material. Therefore, an enhanced performance is expected when CoAT-NC is served as electrode in a supercapacitor device. CoAT-NC displays a good gravimetric capacitance of 160 F/g at 0.5 A/g combing with outstanding capacitance retention of 90% at an extremely high current density of 100 A/g in acid electrolyte. Furthermore, a good energy density of 30 Wh/kg can be obtained in the organic electrolyte.

The crystal structure, morphology and mechanical properties of diaquabis(omeprazolate)magnesium dihydrate

The crystal structure of diaquabis(omeprazolate)magnesium dihydrate (DABOMD) in the solid state has been determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Single crystals of DABOMD were obtained by slow crystallization in ethanol with water used as an antisolvent. The crystal structure shows a dihydrated salt comprising a magnesium cation coordinating two omeprazolate anions and two water molecules (W1) that are strongly bound to magnesium. In addition, two further water molecules (W2) are more weakly hydrogen-bonded to the pyridine nitrogen atom of each omeprazolate anion. The crystal structure was utilized to estimate key material properties for DABOMD, including crystal habit and mechanical properties, which are required for improved understanding and prediction of the behaviour of particles during pharmaceutical processing such as milling. The results from the material properties calculations indicate that DABOMD exhibits a hexagonal morphology and consists of a flat slip plane through the (100) face. It can be classed as a soft material based on elastic constant calculation and exhibits a two-dimensional hydrogen-bonding framework. Based on the crystal structure, habit and mechanical properties, it is anticipated that DABOMD will experience large disorder accompanied by plastic deformation during milling.

Deciphering the structure-property relationship in coumarin-based supramolecular organogel materials

Understanding the influence of the molecular architecture on the self-assembly and properties of supramolecular organogel materials is necessary for elucidating the structure-property relationship. Although conventional gelation motifs (e.g., amides, long alkyl side chains, and steroidal groups) have been considered essential for the effective gel process, the lack of gelation motifs hinders the development and self-assembly of non-conventional gelators. Herein, coumarin-based derivatives (1–12) without a conventional gelation motif were designed and synthesised by inducing a one-step reaction that entails fine-tuning the molecular architecture, particularly the position of the nitrogen atom in pyridine, the substitution position of pyridine, and the placement of methyl in coumarin. A previous gelation study revealed that 7-substituted coumarin-based derivatives with methyl (1–4) are highly efficient gelators that can self-assemble to form different nanostructures, and gelate various polar protic solvents. After small-scale modification of the molecular structures, Derivatives 5–6 self-assembled and only formed gels in the alcohol phase, whereas gels were not formed by Derivatives 7–12 in various solvents. Interestingly, the fluorescence property of these gels was significantly influenced by the dielectric constant and viscosity of the solvent. Furthermore, differences in the self-assembly and fluorescence of gelators were numerically investigated by performing density functional theory calculations and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. This study provides a foundation for the development of a low-cost, non-conventional supramolecular organogel system with minimal building blocks, a modifiable self-assembly pathway, and alterable properties.

Pyridine‐ and Quinoline‐Based Gold(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application

Studies on gold(III) coordination of a series of prepared polydentate pyridine and quinoline based ligands are reported. Characterization (1H, 13C, 15N NMR, and XRD) of the novel gold(III) complexes, prepared in 31–98 % yield, revealed different coordination ability of the pyridine and quinoline nitrogen atoms. Testing of catalytic activity in cyclopropanation of propargyl ester and styrene demonstrated that all the new ligated gold(III) complexes were catalytically active and outperformed KAuCl4. The superior activity of the particular Au(III)‐pyridine‐oxazole complexes may indicate de‐coordination of the pyridine‐N ligand as a crucial step for efficient generation of catalytic activity.

Synergistic trifunctional electrocatalysis of pyridinic nitrogen and single transition-metal atoms anchored on pyrazine-modified graphdiyne

Multifunctional catalysts that integrate high efficiency hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity in a single material are attractive for unitized regenerative fuel cells and overall water splitting technologies. As the best-known HER and ORR electrocatalysts, Pt and its alloys have only moderate OER activity. Ruthenium and iridium oxides exhibit the highest OER activities but not as active as Pt for HER and ORR. Here, we proposed a general principle for achieving trifunctional electrocatalysis for three reactions in a single material. Using the newly-synthesized pyrazine-modified graphdiyne (PR-GDY) as an example, we demonstrated that the synergistic effect of the pyridinic nitrogen and anchored transition-metal (TM) single atoms renders highly-efficient HER/OER/ORR trifunctional electrocatalytic activity. For the Ni-doped PR-GDY, the overpotentials for HER, OER and ORR can be respectively as low as −0.05, 0.29 and 0.38 V, which are comparable or even superior to the best-known single-functional and bi-functional precious electrocatalysts. These computational results offer not only a promising trifunctional electrocatalyst but also a strategy for the design of multifunctional electrocatalysts.

Relayed Proton Brake in N-Pyridyl-2-iso-propylaniline Derivative: Two Brakes with One Proton.

The addition of methanesulfonic acid to N-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-N-methyl-2-iso-propylaniline led to the selective protonation of the pyridine nitrogen atom, resulting in a significant deceleration of the rotation rates around both N-pyridyl and N-(i-Pr)phenyl bonds through a relayed brake mechanism.

Sodium p-Styrene Sulfonate–1-Vinylimidazole Copolymers for Acid–Base Proton-Exchange Membranes

Binary copolymers possessing thermal stability up to 290°C and suitable for the formation of ion-exchange membranes have been obtained by free radical copolymerization of sodium p-styrene sulfonate and 1-vinylimidazole with subsequent conversion to the H-form. The composition and structure of the copolymers are confirmed by elemental analysis and IR and NMR spectroscopy. Multicomponent membranes based on the copolymers of sodium p-styrene sulfonate and 1-vinylimidazole have been obtained using poly(vinyl alcohol) crosslinked by oxalic acid as a film-forming agent. It is shown by scanning electron microscopy that the surface and cut of the membranes have a uniform structure. The specific electric conductivity of the membranes with different concentrations of styrene sulfonic acid (20 to 80 mol % in the copolymer) increases with an increase in the fraction of styrene sulfonic acid and is 29.5 to 52.0 mS cm−1 at 80°C. The activation energy of proton transport of the membranes is 12.5 to 15.5 kJ mol−1. The water uptake of the membranes decreases with the increase in the concentration of the basic (imidazole) component in them, which may be associated with the increase in the density of ionic crosslinking due to the acid–base interaction of the sulfo groups and pyridine nitrogen atoms of the imidazole cycle. The formation of acid–base pairs results in the formation of continuous proton transport channels in addition to the sulfonic acid channels, which is confirmed by the high values of specific electric conductivity even in the case of a decrease in the concentration of sulfostyrene in the composition of the membrane. Increasing the concentration of 1‑vinylimidazole in the composition of the copolymer from 20 to 80 mol % leads to an increase in the relative elongation at break from 3 to 6%, an increase in the tensile strength at break from 4 to 7 MPa, a decrease in the Young modulus of the membranes from 127 to 102 MPa, and a decrease in the water uptake from 45 to 15.