Pylori Antigen Detection Research Articles

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH TOBACCO CONSUMPTION HABITS IN DISTRICT PESHAWAR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its association with tobacco consumption (smoking and snuff use) in Peshawar, Pakistan. 150 blood samples were collected from H. pylori suspected patients in tertiary care hospitals. Demographic data, tobacco consumption habits, and potential risk factors were gathered through a questionnaire. The prevalence of H. pylori among smokers and snuff users was 42%. All participants had a history of tobacco use, with 59% being smokers and 41% being snuff users. Most participants (81%) had not been tested for H. pylori before. Eight risk factors associated with H. pylori infection were investigated, including family history, stomach ulcers or gastritis, consumption of spicy or heavily seasoned food, poor hygiene practices, low socioeconomic status, history of antibiotic use, close contact with infected individuals, and consumption of contaminated food or water. Participants' opinions and beliefs about these risk factors varied. The study demonstrated significant associations between H. pylori antigen detection and smoking, snuff use, overcrowding, and various risk factors such as family history, dietary habits, hygiene practices, socioeconomic status, antibiotic use and exposure to contaminated water or food. The study emphasizes the need for further research to understand these risk factors and their impact on H. pylori infection.

Feco-prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among symptomatic patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection in the world. It can result in various upper gastroduodenal diseases. The prevalence varies among countries, population groups within the same country and testing methods. The aim of the study was to determine feco-prevalence and risk factors of H.pylori infection among symptomatic patients in Amhara region, Northeast Ethiopia.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 342 new consecutive outpatients with upper abdominal complaints at Dessie Referral Hospital from May to July, 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic, lifestyle and environmental data. Stool samples were used to detect H. pylori specific antigen. Blood samples were assessed for anti-H. pylori IgG and ABO blood types. SPSS version 20.0 statistical software package was used for data analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used in the analysis and P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsH. pylori stool antigen and serum anti-H.pylori IgG detection rate was 30.4 and 60.5% respectively with kappa measure of agreement of 0.271. Antigen detection was significantly associated with family size (> 3) [AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.10–3.05, p = 0.02], more persons (> 3) sharing the same bed room in the household [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.39–6.11, p = 0.005], alcohol consumption (> once a week) [AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.49–4.89, p = 0.001] and individuals’ blood type: group O [AOR = 8.93, 95%CI: 1.79–44.48, p = 0.008] and group A [AOR = 5.53, 95%CI: 1.08–28.36, p = 0.040]. Gender, age, marital status, occupation, educational level, residence, smoking as well as coffee, tea, fruits and vegetables consumption were not statistically associated with H. pylori antigen detection (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe overall H. pylori stool antigen and anti-H. pylori IgG detection rate was 30.4 and 60.5%, respectively. The test agreement was not strongly convincing and needs further evaluation. Alcohol consumption, overcrowding and ABO blood group were significantly associated with H. pylori antigen detection.

H. Pylori Prevalence and Its Effect on CD4+ Lymphocyte Count in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Hospitals in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

Background: Helicobacter pylori, a lifelong and typically asymptomatic infection of the stomach, strongly alter gastric immune responses. The present study aimed to survey the prevalence and related risks of H. pylori infection among tuberculosis (TB) patients at hospitals in Jimma City, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: Comparative cross sectional study was conducted from February to June, 2014. Fifty four PTB patients and an equal number of non TB controls were enrolled. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic and clinical data. The stool for H. pylori antigen detection and venous blood for CD4+ lymphocyte count was collected. Results: Among 108 study participants, 62 (57.4%) was females. Majority of the study participants, 48 (44.4%) were in the age group of 18-34 years and the mean age of the participants was 37.5 ± 10.7 SD. The prevalence of H. pylori infection among TB patients and non TB controls were 19 (35.2%) and 11 (20.4%), respectively. TB patients with CD4+ lymphocyte count of less than 200Cells/mm3 was more likely to be infected. Conclusion: H. pylori infection among TB patients was significantly higher than non TB controls. Low CD4+ lymphocyte count was found to be associated with high H. pylori infection among TB patients. Further study should be undertaken to reveal the potential pathogenic mechanisms for underlying associations for H. pylori and TB infection.

Effectiveness of sequential v. standard triple therapy for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children in Nairobi, Kenya

Once the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori is confirmed, treatment requires at least two antibiotics and an acid inhibitor for a minimum of seven days. Unfortunately, treatment failures are being frequently reported. Treatment regimens that include sequential administration of antibiotics with acid inhibitors have been developed to try and increase the rate of eradication. To determine the effectiveness of a novel 10-day sequential therapy compared with the standard 10-day triple therapy for treatment of H. pylori infection in children. A double-blinded, randomised, controlled trial was conducted. Children under the age of 16 years with recurrent abdominal pain associated with dyspepsia and diagnosed with H. pylori by histology were randomly allocated either to a 10-day sequential treatment regimen or to a 10-day conventional triple therapy. Analysis of the outcome of this study was based on clinical improvement and confirmed H. pylori eradication based on stool H. pylori antigen detection and/or repeat endoscopy. Of the 71 patients included in the analysis, 45 (63.4%) were given the 10-day conventional treatment while 26 (36.6%) received the 10-day sequential treatment. There was no difference in clinical improvement after treatment in the two therapies. However, there was a significant difference in the eradication of H. pylori between the conventional v. sequential regimens (48.8% v. 84.6%, respectively; p=0.02, odds ratio 0.19). The sequential treatment had a significantly higher H. pylori eradication rate than the conventional treatment.

Diagnosis of the infection by the Helicobacter pylori through stool examination: Method standardization in adults

ObjectivesInfection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common causes of chronic infection in the world. The presence of the infection is strongly associated with the neoplasia of the gastrointestinal tract, and its diagnosis is easily made by means of invasive or non-invasive methods. Among such methods, the H. pylori antigen detection in stool through ELISA technique is easily performed and it is an alternative to endoscopy in children, since this exam is not usually indicated in this age group. The aim of the current study is to establish the standardization of the ELISA method for the detection of H. pylori in stool specimens in Brazil. Design and methodsPatients between 18 and 70years of age were randomly selected in the gastroenterology ambulatory center at Faculdade de Medicina do ABC between 2007 and 2009. They all answered a questionnaire to investigate possible dyspeptic symptoms and then underwent endoscopy and detection of H. pylori through no more than 4 methods. Besides the gastric biopsy, established as the gold standard test, the urease test, the stool ELISA test and serology were also methods applied. ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of the exams in this sample were respectively 87.2% and 44% for the stool ELISA test, 41.9% and 64% for serology, 65.6% and 58.8% for the urease test and 100% and 80.8% for the clinical analysis. ConclusionsThe ROC curve showed a good correlation between the compared methods. In Brazil the standardization of the ELISA test for the detection of H. pylori in stool specimens constitutes a non-invasive diagnostic alternative.

Dynamics of Helicobacter pylori Detection in Stools During the First 5 Years of Life in Chile, a Rapidly Developing Country

: Helicobacter pylori colonization/infection can be transitory or persistent, conditions that have not been thoroughly evaluated in young children. We aimed to characterize the dynamics of H. pylori stool detection and to determine host and environmental factors and symptoms associated with persistence. : In a 5-year cohort study, we followed-up infants from birth with clinic visits every 3 months. Symptoms and environmental risk factor survey and a stool sample for H. pylori antigen detection were requested in every visit. Secretor/ABH histo-blood group phenotype was determined in saliva. : Overall, 218 of 1456 (15%) stool samples were positive for H. pylori and 39 of 96 (41%) children had at least 1 positive sample. Stool detection was transitory in 16 of 39 (41%), persistent in 19 (49%) and undetermined in 4 (10%) children. Persistence was acquired largely during the first 24 months (17/19 cases) and was associated with nonsecretor phenotype (32% versus 0% for transitory infection; P = 0.02) and daycare attendance (67% versus 26% for never infected; P = 0.019). Symptoms possibly associated with persistence were referred in only 1 child. : Nearly 20% of this Chilean cohort had persistent H. pylori stool sample detections during the first 5 years of life, acquired mostly during the first 24 months. Persistence was significantly associated with nonsecretor phenotype and daycare attendance, and possibly associated gastrointestinal symptoms were rare. This relatively common group of young children with persistent H. pylori colonization/infection will require further study.

Children's tartar clinical study of Helicobacter pylori antigen test

Objective To investigate the tartar Helicobacter pylori antigen detection in the diagnosis of children with Helicobacter pylori infection and treatment review value.Methods Tianjin Rui Aijin Bio-Technology Co.,Ltd.H.pylori rapid test card to test 56 cases with gastrointestinal symptoms in children with tartar Helicobacter pylori antigen detection and antigen detection of gastric mucosa at the same time in order to gastric mucosa H.pylori antigens as a standard of tartar Helicobacter pylori antigen detection method to evaluate the.Results Of gastric Helicobacter pylori antigen test positive in 47 cases and negative in 9 cases,tartar 50 patients with Helicobacter pylori antigen test positive and negative in 6 cases.Antigen-positive Helicobacter pylori in gastric mucosa have one cases of tartar Helicobacter pylori antigen-negative,antigen-negative Helicobacter pyloriin gastric mucosa have four cases of tartar Helicobacter pylori antigen-positive.Tartar HP infection of Helicobacter pylori antigen test sensitivity 97.9%(46/47),positive predictive value was 92%(46/50),negative predictive value of 83.3%(5/6),the detection accuracy of 91.1%(51/56).Conclusion Tartar Helicobacter pylori antigen detection method can provide a non-invasive detection of Hp has drawn convenient,simple,quick and repeated access to tartar samples,children with no pain,but also economic,HP infection in children The diagnosis and treatment of post-review is the best way. Key words: Children with Helicobacter pylori gastric mucosal antigen; Antigen diagnostic tartar

A method for assessment ofHelicobacter pylorigenotype using stool specimens

Helicobacter pylori infection has been regarded as a major factor associated with the development of gastric diseases. The characterization of infected H. pylori in asymptomatic individuals is important for the prediction of the onset of such diseases. However, because of the difficulty in obtaining gastric biopsy samples, H. pylori in healthy subjects have not been studied sufficiently. Therefore, we tested a noninvasive method for the characterization of H. pylori using stool specimens. This method involved H. pylori antigen detection in stool specimens by immunochromatography; confirmation of H. pylori DNA by real-time PCR that involved the detection of its 16S rRNA gene in the DNA extracted from stool specimens; and nested PCR with genotype-specific primer pairs. A total of 80 samples obtained from asymptomatic subjects were assessed using this method. The results showed that the prevalence of H. pylori in asymptomatic Japanese individuals was 37.5%. The detection rate of the virulence factor gene cagA was 18.8%. Furthermore, all the detected cagA belonged to the highly virulent East-Asian type. These data suggest that the method used in this study is valuable for studying the molecular epidemiology of H. pylori infection in asymptomatic people.

Application of immunoassay for detection of Helicobacter pylori antigens in the dental plaque

The aim of this study was to determine the viability of the commercial test currently used for detection of H. pylori antigens in the stool for detection of H. pylori antigens in dental plaque. A total of 164 dyspeptic patients entered the study; 95 H. pylori infected (positive result of at least 4 of 5 diagnostic tests: Campylobacter-like organisms test (CLO test), histology, culture, stool antigens, serology) and 69 noninfected (negative results of 4 diagnostic tests: CLO test, histology, culture, stool antigens). Dental plaque was collected from natural teeth of the patients and incubated in microaerophilic conditions for 72 hours before immunoassay. Experimental findings included that optimal dental plaque weight to perform the examination was over 2 mg and that preliminary incubation increased significantly the number of positive results (p<0.002). It was also found that H. pylori antigens in the dental plaque were positive in 81.2% of infected and only 17.7% of non-infected subjects (p<0.001), while the reproducibility of results was 95%. The immunoassay for detection of H. pylori antigens in the stool may be used, after minor adaptations (specifically pre-incubation in microaerophilic conditions) for H. pylori antigen detection in dental plaque.

Use of a direct H. Pylori antigen detection system in an animal model

Use of a direct H. Pylori antigen detection system in an animal model

Use of a direct H. Pylori antigen detection system in an animal model

Use of a direct H. Pylori antigen detection system in an animal model