PWM Motor Research Articles

A Review of Partial Discharge in Stator Winding of Rotating Machines Fed by Voltage Source PWM Motor Drives

A Review of Partial Discharge in Stator Winding of Rotating Machines Fed by Voltage Source PWM Motor Drives

An active cancellation method for the common mode current of the three-phase PWM motor drives

An active cancellation method for the common mode current of the three-phase PWM motor drives

A Power Quality Assessment of Electric Submersible Pumps Fed by Variable Frequency Drives under Normal and Failure Modes

This paper proposed a simplified modeling approach for a power quality (PQ) assessment of Electric Submersible Pumps (ESP) systems supplied by the two-level, the neutral-point-clamped three-level, and the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter VFD topologies. The VFD switching function models and their analytical expressions are proposed to understand how they can create high-frequency components that might excite the resonance mode in a transmission cable or a rotating shaft system. Voltage, current, and motor airgap torque harmonics induced by each VFD topology in a balanced operation mode are derived and correlated to the PWM carrier and motor operating frequencies. The motor airgap harmonics are calculated based on Concordia’s transformation of voltages and currents in αβ-plan. These harmonic components are represented in the form of Campbell diagrams. An analysis of harmonics under unbalanced conditions was also conducted in a CHB VFD topology-powered ESP system with failed and bypassed cells. The investigated modulation technique is a neutral-shift PWM method that enables the system to operate balanced line-line voltages even if the line-neutral voltages are unbalanced. The effects of modifying the electrical spectrum using the neutral-shift PWM method on electrical and mechanical spectra are analyzed. The results of the Matlab/Simulink-based simulation show that the proposed full ESP system model is highly accurate in both normal and failure modes. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions and are graphically shown in the time and frequency domains for easy analysis. Hybrid experimental–numerical results on a reduced-scale laboratory setup are also discussed to confirm the correctness of the suggested developments.

Wasted mask collection robot

With the spread of major respiratory infectious diseases such as the new coronavirus pneumonia on a large scale worldwide, various countries and regions have taken medical supplies such as disposable medical masks (DMMs, mainly composed of a large variety of polymer material polypropylene PP). The demand is constantly rising. A large number of discarded masks are mixed in the streets and alleys, and the recycling process is extremely risky. In this era, it is particularly important to realize manual remote control of the collection of discarded masks. The waste mask collection robot mentioned in this article adopts a modular design method and carries out the system design, control system design, and hardware structure design for each part of the waste mask collection. In terms of the hardware system, a detailed analysis has been made on the chip model and the specifications of each application device and a reasonable design have been carried out. The design requirements of various parts are introduced, and their structure and function in the device are described in detail. Related hardware circuits are designed, such as the manipulator motor drive circuit and its control circuit. In terms of the software system, the driver program, the function program of the host computer, and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer, such as PWM motor driver and serial port communication, are designed. In terms of control system design, based on the Robot-link Wi-Fi wireless data transmission module, a set of information interaction codes between the host computer and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is designed, which can realize ultra-low delay control. The PWM motor drive and serial communication were tested for the function. After the program was burned, the expected function was completed, and the actual product was finally assembled and tested to achieve the expected function.

Research on the module of color image sonar system based on imx6ull

Underwater sonar imaging system has a wide range of application prospects, and both military and civil are increasingly valued. This paper introduces the module design of a color image sonar system based on IMX6ULL and completes the imaging of the sonar system through experiments. The main frequency and sampling frequency of the system are improved and applied to the TKIS-I color image sonar digital system. High-performance A / D is used for data acquisition and storage, and RS485 is used for long-distance transmission to the host computer to realize display and imaging. It is mainly composed of a core board, PWM signal module, communication module, sampling module, and motor drive module. The processing speed and imaging effect of the improved system are significantly improved.

SISTEM MEKANIK DAN ELEKTRIK PADA PROTOTIPE ROBOT REHABILITASI KAKI

Stroke patients need rehabilitation to repair diseased parts of the body. Patients have limitations on therapists who have limitations and intensity to accompany the patient's rehabilitation process. The development of modern robotics technology provides solutions for independent consultations. This research has made a prototype of a rehabilitation robot with a mechanical design based on the foot rehabilitation movement reference as upper leg movement and lower leg movement. The movement is to bend and straighten the knee, and the movement of lifting and lowering the thigh. Mechanical adjustments to the movements applied make the prototype divided into several parts, namely asking the body, approving the legs and packing the actuator. The leg frame on the prototype has two free joints. The power system legs are built to complement the workings of the prototype and support the user's independent movement effort. The results of system testing that have been applied to this prototype are actuators that serve to assist users, provide user movement and provide additional power PWM motor used. Keywords— Stroke Patients, Rehabilitation Robot, Sistem Power Legs.

Design of liquid fertilizer applicator based on Variable Rate Application (VRA) for Soybean

The process of fertilization is one of the phase that is very important in improving the quality and quantity crops. The needs of plants nutrient on one stretch of the fact that not entirely uniform. In addition the use of chemical fertilizer continously with the doses increasing each year can upset the balance lands nutrient therefore it is necessary variable-rate liquid fertilizer applicator to set a dose of fertilizer required by the plant. This study attempts to design and test the performance of variable-rate liquid fertilizer applicator and soil nutrrient test. The applicator can be used to 4 line the soybean plant with distance cropping 40x20 cm. This applicator can control travel speed and dosage of fertilizers that were out of 4 Nozzle. Evaluation and its performance tested in the laboratorium. Discharge that was issued on PWM motor sprayer variations 40 to 100% produce discharge markedly dissimilar variations on each of the PWM sprayer. In application uniformity evaluations use the coefficient of variation (CV). The coefficient of variation of the discharge range 2.71-12.37% and there is a diversity of N, P and K soil contents in each land tested although the changes are not too different.

Time–Frequency Characteristics Research of Common Mode Current in PWM Motor System

With the increasing of switching frequency in pulsewidth modulated motor system, common mode current (CMC) seriously affects the reliable operation of motor system and it has become a problem that cannot be ignored. This paper proposes a mathematical model of CMC and conducts detailed time–frequency characteristics analysis of CMC. The influence of several key parameters of motor system, such as distributed capacitance, dc bus voltage, and inverter switching frequency, on CMC characteristics has been analyzed in detail, and the corresponding variation rule of CMC oscillation amplitude and attenuation period/time has been summarized. The experimental results are presented to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. The conclusions of this paper can lay theoretical foundation for the effective suppression of CMC in various practical applications.

Design and Implementation of Wind Plate Control System Based on MPU6050 Module

The main controller is STC89C52 micro-controller and L298N is the motor drive circuit. The speed control of the fan is achieved through the PWM motor speed control, so as to adjust the size of the wind and change the angle of the wind plate. Based on the MPU6050 module to achieve the control of wind angle and data acquisition, finally fed back to the micro-controller, digital display real-time. At the same time, the acousto-optic display system and button module are composed of buzzer and LED. The experimental results show that the system has high control accuracy, fast execution speed, simple and flexible operation, cost saving, all indicators meet the design requirements, and has certain theoretical research significance and practicality.

Intensive summer course in robotics – Robotcraft

This paper describes a two-month summer intensive course designed to introduce participants with a hands-on technical craft on robotics and to acquire experience in the low-level details of embedded systems. Attendants started this course with a brief introduction to robotics; learned to draw, design and create a personalized 3D structure for their mobile robotic platform and developed skills in embedded systems. They were familiarize with the practices used in robotics, learning to connect all sensors and actuator, developing a typical application on differential kinematic using Arduino, exploring ROS features under Raspberry Pi environment and Arduino – Raspberry Pi communication. Different paradigms and some real applications and programming were addressed on the topic of Artificial Intelligence. Throughout the course, participants were introduced to programming languages (including Python and C++), advanced programming concepts such as ROS, basic API development, system concepts such as I2C and UART serial interfaces, PWM motor control and sensor fusion to improve robotic navigation and localization. This paper describes not just the concept, layout and methodology used on RobotCraft 2017 but also presents the participants knowledge background and their overall opinions, leading to focus on lessons learned and suggestions for future editions.

Harmonic Distortion Evaluation Generated by PWM Motor Drives in Electrical Industrial Systems

This paper evaluates the harmonic distortion generated by PWM motor drives in an electrical industrial system of a wheat flour mill company. For this, a comparative study between two industrial circuits connected at the same point of common coupling (PCC) with similar characteristics of load and transformers is presented. The difference is that one circuit has PWM motor drives and the other does not have them. In the study, a practical method based on the statistical characterization of the total harmonic distortion of voltage (THDV) and current (THDI), individual voltage distortion (IVD), individual current distortion (ICD) and K-Factor is applied. As result, it was observed that PWM motor drives generated voltage harmonics mainly of fifth and seventh order with values that exceed limits established by standards in both circuits. With these values, the operation of elements such as capacitors, motors and transformers can be affected. In the work is also demonstrated that in the analysis of harmonics is necessary to consider various parameters and not only one.

Arduino and Labview Based Control for Efficient Drive of Cooling Fan System

This study is concerned with the development of PID/PWM control algorithm for use with Arduino Uno and Labviewe for efficient control of a cooling fan drive system. It relies on the development and testing of a regulatory temperature control system, where forced ventilation is required via cooling fans driven by DC motors. A prototype that emulates the case of PC was developed in which a heater element was introduced in the case. An electric fan is placed in the vicinity of the heated element so that cooled air is forced over it. The amount of heat transfer from the element is directly proportional to the rate of air flow over it. In order to achieve higher efficiency and steady-state stability, the fan speed is regulated by a software-based PID/PWM controller using Arduino Uno controller. More over, Matlab/Simulink model for the PWM motor control is also developed to predict the speed of the motor at various duty cycle to emulate the change in the temperature. In addition, PWM is realized with a high switching frequency (33 KHz) in order to minimize the associated acoustic noise using Labview. Experimental tests show acceptable results.

Techniques for efficiency improvement in PWM motor drives

In this paper a comprehensive efficiency analysis on an inverter-fed induction motor drive is proposed. The drive under study integrates both switching losses minimization by D-PWM (Discontinuous Pulse Width Modulation) for the voltage source inverter and an original version of an ELMT (Electric Loss Minimization Technique) for the motor. The two techniques are implemented, either separately or contemporary in a unique control platform in order to allow the contribution of both the chosen PWM and ELMT strategies on the power total losses to be assessed and benchmarked. Results have been compared with those achieved by the use of the classic space-vector PWM in constant rated flux operation; from this comparison the improvement of the efficiency of the whole electrical drive with the proposed techniques is demonstrated. A complete dynamic model of the drive system has been developed, which permits the drive behaviour in terms of efficiency/power losses to be evaluated in numerical simulation, properly separating each loss term. Such a complete dynamic model has been validated. Experimental results are given as well.

Drive Circuit Design of H-Bridge Permanent-Magnet DC Moment Motor Based on HIP4081 Chip

In order to achieve reliable drive for Permanent-magnet DC moment motor and high-precision control, we use special chips designed HIP4081 H-bridge PWM motor drive circuit bipolar reversible, with DSP as the controller completed a two-way rotation and permanent magnet DC motor speed control . Experiments show that the circuit is safe, reliable, environmental adaptability, good thermal conductivity, high efficiency, applicable to Permanent-magnet DC moment motor powered a variety of control systems.

A comprehensive study of spin coating as a thin film deposition technique and spin coating equipment

Description and theory of spin coating technique has been elaborately outlined and a spin coating machine designed and fabricated using affordable components. The system was easily built with interdisciplinary knowledge of mechanics, fluid mechanics and electronics. This equipment employs majorly three basic components and two circuit units in its operation. These include a high speed dc motor, a proximity sensor mounted at a distance of about 15 mm from a reflective metal attached to the spindle of the motor to detect every passage of the reflective metal at its front and generate pulses. The pulses are transmitted to a micro-controller which process them into rotational speed (revolution per minute) and displays it on a lead crystal display (LCD) which is also a component of the micro-controller. The circuit units are a dc power supply unit and a PWM motor speed controlling unit. The various components and circuit units of this equipment are housed in a metal casing made of an 18 gauge black metal sheet designed with a total area of 1, <TEX>$529.2cm^2$</TEX>. To illustrate the use of the spin-coating system, ZnO sol-gel films were prepared and characterized using SEM, XRD, UV-vis, FT-IR and RBS and the result agrees well with that obtained from standard equipment and a speed of up to 9000 RPM has been achieved.

A New Algorithm for Real-Time Multiple Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis in Voltage-Fed PWM Motor Drives by the Reference Current Errors

Three-phase inverters are currently utilized in an enormous variety of industrial applications, including variable-speed ac drives. However, due to their complexity and exposure to several stresses, they are prone to suffer critical failures. Accordingly, this paper presents a novel diagnostic algorithm that allows the real-time detection and localization of multiple power switch open-circuit faults in inverter-fed ac motor drives. The proposed method is quite simple and just requires the measured motor phase currents and their corresponding reference signals, already available from the main control system, therefore avoiding the use of additional sensors and hardware. Several experimental results using a vector-controlled permanent-magnet synchronous motor drive are presented, showing the diagnostic algorithm effectiveness, its relatively fast detection time, and its robustness against false alarms.

Brushless Dc Motor Speed Control Using Proportional-Integral And Fuzzy Controller

This paper demonstrates the detailed analysis of Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and Fuzzy Logic controller for speed control of a Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor for different speed commands and varying load torque conditions. Implementation of PI controller in closed loop conditions is done. Analysis of classical tuning methods to obtain best PI parameters for speed control is calculated. Fuzzy controller is also implemented for the same and the simulation results obtained for both PI and Fuzzy control in MATLAB/Simulink are compared. PI controllers have poor response due to overshoot, more drop in speed and oscillations. Intelligent control like Fuzzy Logic is gaining momentum as it can overcome these disadvantages. Microcontroller based controller implementation is tested using a virtual motor and the results or PI controller are validated using software results. Keywords- BLDC, Fuzzy logic controller, PI controller, PWM and virtual motor

Combined PWM Motor Control Study and Application in EPS

The power switch circuit of electrical power steering (EPS) is analyzed. A kind of PWM hybrid control algorithm combining the Unipolar reversible PWM mode of brush DC motors with its bipolar reversible PWM mode is put forward in this paper to improve the performance of current EPS system. The basic switch principle between Unipolar and Bipolar PWM mode is that the voltage during the switch process remains constant. The switch process and practical application of DC motor with Uni-Bipolar hybrid control mode in EPS is analyzed. The results show that PWM hybrid mode has exhibited good performance in vehicle electric power steering system.

Smart Car Design and Implement Based on SCM AT89C55 Application

A microcontroller AT89C55 was used as the detection and control core of the electric car passing seesaw in the design. Reflective photoelectric switch LTH1550 -01 constitute the patrol line module to guide the car driving; High - performance magnetic sensitive precision small-angle tilt sensor WQH36 -45 was used to detect the state of equilibrium of the electric car; Bridge driver L298 was used to control reversing/forwarding rotation and PWM motor speed control; 12 - bit switched capacitor successive approximation ADC TLC2543 was used to sample electric car’s sensor signal; keyboard and LED display composed of I2C interface keyboard and LED driver ZLG7290 achieve the human-machine interface; voice playback was compose of the single-chip voice chip ISD2590 and small power amplifier LM386. Based on the above complete and reliable hardware circuit design , the use of sophisticated software algorithms to achieve the angle offset feedback loop speed control and self - correction , the exact line inspection guide , making the electric car in various stages can be accurately controlled .

Rectifier-to-Inverter Connection Through Long DC Cable—Part II: The Complete Copper Economy Characterization

High-frequency problems involving long cable PWM motor drive systems are well documented in the literature. Solutions based on passive filters are conventionally used to suppress these undesired phenomena that take place in such systems, but, in turn, bring up new considerations concerning filter size, weight, cost, and electrical losses. In this context, a concept of an alternative motor drive system that overcomes all these problems was outlined by the authors in a previous paper, where the long cable was used to connect the rectifier to the inverter, thus establishing a dc power transmission link. In addition, other important issues concerning the proposed system have also been adressed, along with a comprehensive analysis of the power losses in the (long) dc or ac cable and a preliminary estimation of the copper amount reduction in favor of dc transmission. In the present paper, the results from a more recent and general study for the complete copper economy characterization are presented, demonstrating that the proposed drive system configuration, aside from eliminating the whole high-frequency problem, is always advantageous also from the copper economy point of view.