Design Of PV System Research Articles

Resource Assessment and Optimal Sizing of Off-Grid Standalone Photovoltaic (SPV) System for Rural Communities in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Ethiopia’s current population is more than 110 million people. Fifty six percent (56%) of whom live in either the rural or less urbanized areas without access to grid electricity. The use of alternative energy sources holds a promise in tackling this lack of grid electrical energy access. Standalone photovoltaic power systems, in particular, can meet the daily electrical energy demand in rural communities yet unserved by the national power grid. This paper aims to assess the solar energy potentials in the study area, and design off-grid standalone photovoltaic power systems that can provide the communities with reliable off-grid power supply. The assessment of the solar resource potential considers six widely separated areas in the Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia. Solar resource assessment showed that the annual average solar irradiation of the region is 6.46 𝐤𝐰𝐡 𝐦𝟐 ⁄ /𝐝𝐚𝐲 at normal tilt angle, 5.95 𝐤𝐰𝐡 𝐦𝟐 ⁄ /𝐝𝐚𝐲 at a latitude tilt angle, and 6 𝐤𝐰𝐡 𝐦𝟐 ⁄ /𝐝𝐚𝐲 at latitude plus 15 degree tilt angle. An estimate of typical household annual energy requirement indicated a consumption of 2,214.09 kWh. The design of the completed PV system includes sizing of system components and financial analyses. The financial analysis showed, the total initial investment cost will be 97,941 ETB, and for operation, maintenance and battery replacement requires of 61,770 ETB throughout the total life times of the system. The study demonstrated that, the designed standalone photovoltaic system yields a payback period of 13 years computed based on 3.7 ETB/kWh of energy cost. Moreover, this system will be financially feasible and, thus, encourages the use of clean energy resource of PV systems in Ethiopia

Autonomous design framework for deploying building integrated photovoltaics

The advancements in perovskite solar cells present promising prospects for the widespread deployment of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPVs). Finding an efficient and accurate approach is essential to provide deployment strategies for decision support. This study develops an autonomous decision-making design framework for BIPV, including data collection, 3D modeling, and deployment strategy. For data collection, an open-source unmanned aerial vehicle platform is produced to execute an innovation explore-then-exploit algorithm for viewpoints generation and path planning. Subsequently, point cloud models of buildings are generated using a unique deep learning-based multi-view stereo network and then converted into polygonal surface models. Moreover, a novel Grasshopper plugin component is developed to assess the economic performance of various BIPV layouts by life cycle cost analysis. Based on the analysis results, potential BIPV deployment strategies are provided to support the decision-making process. The effectiveness of the framework is validated through its application in an industrial building in Hong Kong, demonstrating a 7.6 % discrepancy in the average annual solar radiation access value. Finally, two BIPV deployment strategies are proposed for the building. This study has significant implications for the design and deployment of PV systems in urban environments, representing an important step towards supporting the transition to sustainable and low-carbon cities.

Design and energy performance of PV systems: a case study Kosova

Design and energy performance of PV systems: a case study Kosova

Analisis dan Desain Floating PV System di Beberapa Waduk Batam untuk Optimalisasi Bauran Energi Terbarukan

The climate crisis caused by the use of fossil fuels is prompting countries around the world to shift to renewable energy. Indonesia has substantial solar energy potential, but this must be balanced with land conservation efforts. PT PLN Batam, a subsidiary of PT PLN (Persero), shares the responsibility of meeting the national renewable energy mix target of 23% by 2025. Adding new power plants requires a large area, which is a significant challenge in the development of both fossil and renewable energy plants in Batam. The floating PV system is an alternative solution to this problem. This study aims to design a floating solar power generation system at Tembesi and Mukakuning Reservoirs, focusing on solar energy potential, energy production, and system design. The results indicate that solar irradiation at both locations reaches 1,650 kWh/m² with an average horizontal PSH of 4.52 hours/day and net PSH Modules of 4.32 hours/day. Energy production in Year-1 is 55.83 GWh with a performance ratio of 81.65%, resulting in annual energy production of 1,345 kWh/kWp. The floating PV system design at Tembesi and Mukakuning Reservoirs consists of 10 islands, each with 19 array boxes and 20 strings per array box, comprising 28 PV modules per string. A total of 106,400 PV modules with a capacity of 390 Wp each is utilized. The system employs 3,125 kVA PV inverters, 7,500 kVA MV transformers, and 35 MVA HV transformers to ensure high efficiency and reliability. The system design also considers environmental durability, including resistance to corrosion and water level fluctuations. Recommendations include optimizing the design based on seasonal variations and implementing effective monitoring and maintenance systems.

PV System Design for Optimal Energy Production Based on Measured Data

PV System Design for Optimal Energy Production Based on Measured Data

Design and optimization of off-grid solar PV and biomass-based hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for electrification of a rural community in Tharparkar, Pakistan

Design and optimization of off-grid solar PV and biomass-based hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for electrification of a rural community in Tharparkar, Pakistan

Design of a Sustainable PV System to Achieve Net-Zero Energy in Greenhouses

Design of a Sustainable PV System to Achieve Net-Zero Energy in Greenhouses

Materials in Solar Photovoltaic Technology: Advances, Challenges, and Environmental Considerations

Solar photovoltaic technology has experienced significant growth and development in recent years, making it a significant figure in the field of renewable energy. The basic principle of solar PV technology involves the conversion of sunlight into electricity using semiconductor materials. Silicon has consistently been the predominant material used in solar PV cells, but there is ongoing research and development into alternative materials. The choice of material for solar PV cells is crucial as it directly impacts the efficiency, cost, and environmental impact of the technology. Silicon-based solar cells have achieved high levels of efficiency and reliability, but they can be expensive to produce. On the other hand, emerging materials such as perovskites show great promise in terms of cost-effectiveness and efficiency, but they still face challenges related to stability and scalability. In addition to the semiconductor material, other components such as conductive metals, transparent conductive oxides, and encapsulation materials also play a crucial role in the performance and longevity of solar PV systems. Understanding the material properties, fabrication processes, and environmental impact of solar PV materials is essential for making informed decisions in the design and implementation of solar PV systems.

Techno-Economic Analysis of Residential Grid-Connected Rooftop Solar PV Systems in Indonesia Under MEMR 26/2021 Regulation

Grid-connected commercial rooftop solar PV systems have been widely used worldwide to provide affordable, clean energy and long-term energy security solutions. This is especially true in cities where space is limited and rooftops are not being used. According to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) No 26/2021 regulation in Indonesia, the rooftop PV system is allowed to be integrated with electricity grid with an export-import metering. The owner of the rooftop PV system will not only reduce their electricity bill, but also offset the energy over a period of 10 years. This paper provides a design and sizing analysis of a small scale rooftop solar PV system for residential. This study uses the PVsyst and SolarGIS tools to estimate the amount of energy produced by a 3 kWp solar system. It also provides a financial evaluation of the system's profitability, with particular attention to commercial buildings that are covered under MEMR regulation. This detailed analysis can be used by asset owners to decide the best way forward in terms of sustainable energy production and cost savings, as well as addressing the energy security problem.

Modular PV system design and evaluation

Modular PV system design and evaluation

Technology Optimisation of Hybrid PV Systems for Covering Energy Needs of Emergency Shelters for Ukrainian War Refugees

Hybrid photovoltaic systems have become a common solution for decreasing energy consumption for specific objects and customers at present time. The efficiency of the entire system depends strongly also on the technology of the used battery inverter. In general, DC-coupled inverters are recognized to be more energy efficient. Surprisingly, in some specific cases, AC-coupled systems can offer better results. Ukraine escalates the problem with internal migration, that can be solved just through constructing new communities of emergency shelters. Integrating these units into Ukrainian overloaded and damaged distribution grids must be projected very precisely to limit not just power consumption but also power injection. Particular savings can be reached with the proper application of AC or DCcoupled systems. This article describes that phenomenon presented on specific real cases defined through own consumption profile, battery storage system management, climate conditions, and PV system design. The presented results show that the proper choice of battery inverter technology can save interesting amount of energy produced from the installed PV system. The AC coupled system can offer not just higher flexibility and modularity, but also higher energy efficiency of the hybrid system, lower grid feed-in.

Design and Analysis of PV System with P&O Method MPPT Technique and PID Controller

Design and Analysis of PV System with P&O Method MPPT Technique and PID Controller

PV Rooftop System Design and Modeling On-Grid Commercial Scale in The Building of The Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

This research discusses the design of a comprehensive on-grid rooftop solar PV system. The object of this research is the Faculty of Science and Technology Building of UIN Sunan Gunung Djatii Bandung, with the results of this study obtained a rooftop on-grid solar PV system capacity of 177 keep, with a DC / AC ratio of 1.265, a total capacity of the string inverter used is 140 Kwa. In this design, 3D shading scene modeling is carried out to obtain accurate losses. The simulation results obtained an annual output of 200.2 MWh in the designed solar PV system, and the performance ratio (PR) value obtained was 78.09%..

Approaching nearly zero energy of PV direct air conditioners by integrating building design, load flexibility and PCM

The energy matching of PV driven air conditioners is influenced by building load demand and PV generation. Merely increasing energy performance of building or PV capacity separately may improve the energy balance on a large time resolution, the real-time energy mismatching problem is still serious. In this study, a coordinated optimization method of PV capacity, building design, and load flexibility is proposed for improving the real-time energy matching of PVAC system. Then, a methodology integrating data mining method (XG Boost) and parametric simulation was developed to identify the determinant parameters of PV system and building design, exploring feature importance and correlations. The results of XG Boost indicate that the PV capacity, shape factor, and SHGC are the most critical factors. Finally, based on the optimized building design, the PCM layer was applied to improve the real time energy matching. To achieve a goal of 90 % ZEP, the PCM capacity can be decreased by 50.4 % and 62.8 % in Guangzhou and Shanghai in the optimized building. Moreover, the PV capacity can be reduced by 23 % in Guangzhou. The findings of this study provide practical guidance for designing PVAC system coupling with building design and energy storage devices.

Design of a Stand-Alone PV System for Irrigation in Rural India Using SAM Software

Design of a Stand-Alone PV System for Irrigation in Rural India Using SAM Software

Behavioral Pattern of Photovoltaics Enhanced with Automatic Cooling Mechanism

The increase in PV panel temperature with increasing level of solar power and solar flux is a major disadvantage when using Photovoltaics for electricity generation. Nigeria is a country that is blessed with enormous amount of sunlight throughout the year which should make it a good environment for the generation of electricity via photovoltaic technology. The daytime temperature of Nigeria is a major barrier towards the effective generation of electricity via photovoltaic technology. To remedy this issue of temperature, a cooling mechanism has to be considered in the process of any PV system design. An automatic cooling mechanism and an intelligent photovoltaic maximum power point tracker were deployed in the study. Experimental measurements were carried out in real outdoor conditions. The results of the study reveal an average increase of 6.42%, 7.77%, 18.34%, and 18.15% for voltage, current, power and efficiency respectively for the PV module under thermal regulation. This study demonstrates that cooling mechanism should be incorporated in the process of designing photovoltaic systems for optimum energy yield.

Exploring Optimal Charging Strategies for Off-Grid Solar Photovoltaic Systems: A Comparative Study on Battery Storage Techniques

This paper presents a comparative analysis of different battery charging strategies for off-grid solar PV systems. The strategies evaluated include constant voltage charging, constant current charging, PWM charging, and hybrid charging. The performance of each strategy is evaluated based on factors such as battery capacity, cycle life, DOD, and charging efficiency, as well as the impact of environmental conditions such as temperature and sunlight. The results show that each charging strategy has its advantages and limitations, and the optimal approach will depend on the specific requirements and limitations of the off-grid solar PV system. This study provides valuable insights into the performance and effectiveness of different battery charging strategies, which can be used to inform the design and operation of off-grid solar PV systems. This paper concludes that the choice of charging strategy depends on the specific requirements and limitations of the off-grid solar PV system and that a careful analysis of the factors that affect performance is necessary to identify the most appropriate approach. The main needs for off-grid solar photovoltaic systems include efficient energy storage, reliable battery charging strategies, environmental adaptability, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly operation, while the primary limitations affecting these systems encompass intermittent energy supply, battery degradation, environmental variability, initial investment costs, fluctuations in energy demand, and maintenance challenges, emphasizing the importance of careful strategy selection and system design to address these factors. It also provides valuable insights for designing and optimizing off-grid solar PV systems, which can help to improve the efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of these systems.

Design and Development of Grid-Connected Solar PV Power Plant Using PVsyst

As we know, the biggest problem that threatens today's world is climate change and global warming. Alongside that, Afghanistan does not have a reliable source of power, and people who live in cities do not have full access to electricity. So, we need immediate access to electricity. Therefore, among all other renewable sources, the only one that is feasible in the target area and could solve this problem soon is investing in a solar PV power plant. This study aims to develop a standard procedure for the design of grid-connected solar PV systems using PVsyst software. The project began with a broad database of meteorological data, including global daily horizontal solar irradiance, and also a database of various renewable energy system components from different manufacturers. This paper will explain the grid solar power limited in the year 2023. The photovoltaic power plant has a solar radiation of 6.22 KWh/Sq./day, covering 162.66 acres of land. The operating module temperature varies from -40°C to 85°C, with a tilt angle of 32 degrees. The various power losses (PV losses due to irradiation level, temperature, soiling, inverter, wiring, power electronics, grid availability, and interconnection) amount to 2006 KWh/m2, with a total production of 60513314 KVAh/year, and the performance ratio is calculated from simulation, giving an annual PR of 75.16%.

Modeling and simulation of a 16.20 kWp on-grid solar Photovoltaic System (PV) using PVSyst at Malaysia

Renewable energy is very useful alternative source to replace the usage of conventional energy. Solar energy is one of popular energy that has been utilised as its irradiance can generate electricity when strike with the photovoltaic solar (PV) panels. This paper presents a design and simulation of 16.20 kWp of 405W Si-mono PV system connected to the grid. It is very crucial to do the simulation in order to do the analysis in terms of performance, efficiency, power losses, irradiance and other related factors. The design, operation, and maintenance of new grid-connected solar PV systems may benefit from performance analysis. PVsyst is used as the design and simulation tools for the PV solar system simulation. It was developed by the University of Geneva as a pedagogical tool to explain in detail the procedures and models used, as well as to provide an ergonomic approach to project development. The site involves is Kampung Bukit Tinggi. From the simulation results, the array nominal energy is 25.81 MWh. The output inverter energy available is 21.59 MWh which fed to the grid. The performances ratio is 80.21% due to the several losses. This study may be useful for future grid-connected design and operation.

Hourly global horizontal irradiance over West Africa: A case study of one-year satellite- and reanalysis-derived estimates vs. in situ measurements

Estimates of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) from reanalysis and satellite-based data are the most important information for the design and monitoring of PV systems in Africa, but their quality is unknown due to the lack of in situ measurements. In this study, we evaluate the performance of hourly GHI from state-of-the-art reanalysis and satellite-based products (ERA5, MERRA-2, CAMS, and SARAH-2) with 37 quality-controlled in situ measurements from novel meteorological networks established in Burkina Faso and Ghana under different weather conditions for the year 2020. The effects of clouds and aerosols are also considered in the analysis by using common performance measures for the main quality attributes and a new overall performance value for the joint assessment. The results show that satellite data performs better than reanalysis data under different atmospheric conditions. Nevertheless, both data sources exhibit significant bias of more than 150 W/m2 in terms of RMSE under cloudy skies compared to clear skies. The new measure of overall performance clearly shows that the hourly GHI derived from CAMS and SARAH-2 could serve as viable alternative data for assessing solar energy in the different climatic zones of West Africa.