Purun Tikus Research Articles

Vegetation analysis of non-tidal swampland in South Sumatra, Indonesia and its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture

Abstract. Muhakka, Suwignyo RA, Budianta D, Yakup. 2019. Vegetation analysis of non-tidal swampland in South Sumatra, Indonesia and its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture. Biodiversitas 20: 1077-1086. In Indonesia, non-tidal swampland area is 13.27 million ha, only 4 million ha has been developed with details of 2.6 million ha that managed by the public and the private sector and 1.3 million ha with government assistance. This study aims to analyze vegetation structure of non-tidal swampland in Pulau Layang Village, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra, Indonesia and Rambutan Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia and to examine its carrying capacity for Pampangan buffalo pasture. Methods used were by the combination of direct observation, survey using plot sampling with total 50 observation plots, and measurements to determine forage production using Halls method. The results show that there 19 forage species were in two studied areas which are potential as Pampangan buffalo feed. Species with the highest Important Value Index were Purun tikus (Eleocharis .dulcis) with 89.71% and Kumpai padi (Oryza. rufipogon) with 54.08%. The production of fresh forage and dry matter in the wet season in Pulau Layang was 6.90 tons ha-1 year-1 and 1.27 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively, whereas in Rambutan they were 3.68 tons ha-1 year-1 and 0.91 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively. The production of fresh forage and dry matter in the dry season in Pulau Layang was 4.86 tons ha-1 year-1 and 0.99 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively, while in Rambutan they were 2.52 tons ha-1 year-1 and 0,71 tons ha-1 year-1, respectively. The pasture carrying capacity in Pulau Layang in the wet season was 3.66 AU (Animal Unit) ha-1 year-1 and in the dry season, it was 2.85 AU ha-1 year-1, while in Rambutan Village it was 2.61 AU ha-1 year-1 and 2.04 AU ha-1 year-1, respectively. There were six species of forage with high production, namely Kumpai tembaga (Hymenachne acutigluma) Kumpai padi (Oryza rupifogon), Kumpai minyak (Hymenachne amplexicaulis), Are bolong (Polygonum barbatum L), Bento rayap (Leersia hexandra) and Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis). It is estimated that there still can be added buffalo cattle as much as 0.31 AU ha-1 year-1 in Pulau Layang Village so 155 buffaloes and 0.59 AU ha-1 year-1 in Rambutan Village.709 buffaloes

PERBANDINGAN JENIS HIJAUAN RAWA PADA PAKAN KOMPLIT GRANUL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN NUTRISI DAN KECERNAANYA

The study aimed to analyze the type of swamp forage and its combination in granule complete feed products for their nutrient content and digestibility. This study have been done on Juli until September, 2018 in Field Laboratory at Bentok Kampung-Tanah Laut District. Randomized Block Design was used in this research with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Twenty goats aged 1.5-2 years with a weight ranging from 15-19 kg were used in this study. Data were analyzed by Analysis of varian and if there is significant difference then the Duncan Multi Range Test (DMRT) is continued. The results of the study show that swamp forage kalakai (Stenochlaena palustris), and purun tikus (Heleocharis dulcis Burm) significantly different to the crude protein content, crude fiber, crude fat, ADF and NDF fiber fraction. The complete granule feed on the basis of a combination of forage swamps and legumes affects the digestibility of organic matter and crude protein. The low content of tannin in swamp forages has not been able to optimally protect crude protein in complete granule feed.

Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of the Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) Leaves

<p>Purun tikus (<em>Eleocharis dulcis</em>) is a kind of swamp plant, can be found in open water areas, both in swamps and rice fields. <em>Purun tikus</em> is an indicator vegetation of acidic sulfate soil. Chemically, plants that able to adapt to special or extreme conditions, usually produce a compound that are unique and have unique bioactivity as well. This paper reports a phytochemical screening of <em>Purun tikus</em> methanol extract and its antioxidant activity. The results showed that the methanol extract of <em>Purun tikus</em> leaves contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids. By using DPPH method as an antioxidant test, the methanol extract of purun tikus leaves showed a strong activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> value was 58.58 ppm while vitamin C had an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 4.50 ppm.</p>

ANALISIS NILAI PH DAN KONSENTRASI LOGAM BESI (Fe) PADA MEDIA LAHAN BASAH BUATAN ALIRAN HORIZONTAL BAWAH PERMUKAAN YANG MENGOLAH AIR SALURAN REKLAMASI

One of the impacts of reclamation of swamps is poison substances in the water channels, which can cause to pyrite oxidation, sedimentation and accumulation of toxic substances in secondary channels. The reclamation channel unit in Semangat Karya Village has a water pH of ± 3 and has the iron level of 4.95 mg / l. Based on South Kalimantan Provincial Governor Regulation Year 2007, pH grade and iron concentration are over the quality standard, while the water is consumed by the residents for everyday intentions. One of the technologies that are applied to increase the pH and to minimize the concentration of iron (Fe) is constructed wetland with the horizontal sub-surface flow (CW-HSSF). The objectives of this research were to study the dynamics of pH and Fe in the media acid sulfate soils mixed with organic fertilizer (bokashi) 10% at CW-HSSF system using Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) and Kalakai (Stenochlaena palustris). The conclusion of this research indicated that pH value and absorption of Fe in CW-HSSF using Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) was better than Kalakai (Stenochlaena palustris).

KETAHANAN HIDUP BEBERAPA JENIS TUMBUHAN DI KAWASAN VOID BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA

The selection of plant species for phytoremediation activities is very important in the conservation of soil, water, plant, and animal life to create a conducive environment within a community or ecosystem. Plant survival is one indication for the selection of phytoremediation plants. This study aims to determine the survival of some plants in void areas of coal mining. Types of plants used are surface water plants species and the edge of void plant species. The plants of surface water area consisting of Kiambang (Salvinia sp.), Enceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes), Genjer (Limnocharis flava), and Kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica). The plants which planted on edge of void were purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) and Bamban (Donax canniformis). Time of observation time was 6 months. Data were analyzed using a tabular matrix that contained the percentage of plant life/period time. The growth of the plant is specifically defined according to the color visibility and the development of plant form. The results of the study found that the highest surface survival species were Kiambang (Salvinia sp.) and Kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica). Both of them still survive for 6 months of observation. The growth percentage of these two plants at the end of the observations are 36% and 20% respectively. Enceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) has a survival for 4 months. Whole water plant growth was depressed by indications of death, tendencies to yellowish-brownish or blackish, and smaller body parts. Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) and Bamban (Donax canniformis) grown on the edge of voids have a high survival. Both of them showed ≥95% survival at the end of observation time.

Biosorption of Lead (II)–containing Sasirangan Textile Wastewater using Nanocomposites of Eleocharis dulcis Fibers with Iron (III) Nanoparticles as Adsorbent

This research focuses on the study of biocomposite nanoparticles of Eleocharis dulcis (ED) as potentials biosorbent to reduce the concentration of lead (II) ion containing Sasirangan textile industry wastewater. Eleocharis dulcis, locally named as Purun Tikus, has been developing becomes the biocomposites nanomaterial and valuables material in this research. Batch experiments were carried out to considering the kinetic of biosorption of lead onto the adsorbent, evaluating the effects of lead ion equilibrium concentration, equilibrium pH, and temperature on the adsorption of lead (II). Kinetic data of lead (II) biosorption onto EDB and EDB-MH revealed that equilibrium time was reached within 2 h, and the isotherm data showed that the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of the EDB-M and EDB-MH at pHe of 6±0.2, room temperature were 150.43 mg/g and 180.92 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic of lead (II) biosorption onto the adsorbent implied the biosorption was spontaneous and endothermic indicating by increased in temperature would increased in adsorption capacity.

Iron (Fe) bio-concentration in purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) planted on the constructed wetland treating the coal acid mine drainage

Iron (Fe) bio-concentration in purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) planted on the constructed wetland treating the coal acid mine drainage

Biocomposite Materials of Eleocharis dulcis Fibers with Iron (III) Nanoparticles and Its Potential for Sasirangan Textile Wastewater Treatment

Eleocharis dulcis (Chinese water chesnut), locally Kalimantan named Purun Tikus, is a plant that grown in highly acidic swamps areas in South Kalimantan. Eleocharis dulcis (ED) , was usually used as material for traditional handicrafts. Therefore it is necessary for develop and innovate to convert the material becomes valuables. This research focus on the study of biocomposite nanoparticles of ED and its potentials as an adsorbent to reduce concentration of Pb 2+ ion, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and color from Sasirangan textile industry wastewater. The synthesis of the biocomposite nanocomposite was made by solvothermal synthesis. Firstly, ED stemsdried was cutted to small size (250 micron), then through delignification process to eliminate lignin by 1% w/v NaOH solution. ED delignification put into hydrothermal reactor, right afterward was carried out by one-pot solvothermal reaction of 1,6-diaminohexane, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, and ethylene glycol at 200 o C for 6 h.The process was produced two types of biocomposites, without the amino group (EDB-M) and the amino group (EDB-MH). The characterization results shown by SEM, magnetic nanoparticles have been formed on the surface of EDfiber.The ED biocomposite nanoparticles (EDB) with diameter size around 30–50 nm could be obtained. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed treatment of EDdelignification was increased the porosity of the fiber, shown by increased Crystalinity Index (CrI) about 72.75%. The biocomposites adsorbent, EDB-M and EDB-MH had adsorption capacity for Pb 2+ ions about 44.21 mg/g and 55.62 mg/g at equilibrium pH (pH e ) of 6 and equilibrium time of 2 hour. The effectiveness of reduced TSS was about of 91.9% and 98.1%. Beside that, the colour intensity of color was decreased about 96.7% and 97.8% for the EDB-M and EDB-MH, respectively.

The Characteristics of Purun Tikus Particle Board Cement Board

The Characteristics of Purun Tikus Particle Board Cement Board

The Characteristics of Purun Tikus Particle Board Cement Board

The Characteristics of Purun Tikus Particle Board Cement Board

KEMAMPUAN TANAMAN EKOR KUCING (Typha latifolia) DAN PURUN TIKUS (Eleocharis dulcis) DALAM PENURUNAN KONSENTRASI Fe DAN Mn DARI AIR LIMBAH PIT BARAT PT PAMAPERSADA NUSANTARA DISTRIK KCMB KABUPATEN BANJAR

Research on the Ability Test Ekor kucing Plants (Typha latifolia) and Purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) in Fe and Mn concentrations decrease from the West Pit Wastewater PT Pamapersada District KCMB Kabupaten Banjar. This research held in April 2013 to August 2013. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of plants Ekor kucing and plants Purun tikus in lowering the concentration of Fe and Mn from waste coal mine and phytoremediation mechanisms that occur. This research uses experimental and survey methods. Results showed that plants Ekor kucing and Purun tikus are hiperakumulator plants to Fe and Mn in which the plant is able to absorb Fe respectively by 284% and 92%. For Mn, respectively 207% and 1277%. Phytoremediation mechanisms with Ekor kucing for Fe is fitostabilization and Purun tikus is fitoextraction, while the Mn is fitoextraction.

Effectiveness of Some Ameliorants in Reducing Co2 and N2o Emission in Corn Planting in Peat Land

Amelioration is very important in supporting plant growth in peat land. The use of low emission ameliorant will support the sustainability of agricultural system in peat land. The research is intended to study the effectiveness of some ameliorants in reducing CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emission in corn planting in peat land. The research was conducted in April to October 2013, in Kalampangan Village Palangkaraya Municipality Central Kalimantan. Ameliorant materials used were chicken manure fertilizer, domolite, mineral soil, paddy husk biochar, coconut shell biochar. Ameliorant treatments applied were the type of ameliorant compositions, those were (A1) 80% chicken manure fertilizer + 20% dolomite, (A2) 20% chicken manure fertilizer + 20% agricultural weeds + 20% spodosol mineral soil + 20% “purun tikus” (<em>eleocharis dulcis</em>) compost + 20% dolomite, (A3) 19% chicken manure fertilizer + 9% dolomite + 72% mineral soil, (A4) 100% coconut shell biochar, (A5) paddy husk biochar, (A6) farmer’s way (20% ash + 40% spodosol mineral soil + 40% chicken manure fertilizer) and control. Experiment design used a Randomized Factorial Block Design, with 3 repetitions. Ameliorant dosage used was 7.5 t/ha. The crop used was hybrid corn. Parameters which were observed periodically were emission of CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O, ground water level height, soil pH and Eh, once a month for 5 periods. The research result showed that ameliorant was capable of reducing emission of both CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O in corn planting in peat land. Coconut shell biochar could reduce emission of CO<sub>2</sub> up to 26% as compared with control, whereas paddy husk biochar could reduce emission of N<sub>2</sub>O up to 52% as compared with control.

ROLE OF PURUN TIKUS IN VERTICAL SUBSURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND IN TREATING MANGANESE (Mn) FROM COAL MINE DRAINAGE

Constructed wetland (CW) is one of the passive methods used to process coal mine drainage. In this study, we used vertical (VF) subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetland (CW) with purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis). The purpose of the study was to assess the role of purun tikus in increasing the efficiency of constructed wetland to remove Mn from Coal Mine Drainage. The constructed wetland operated under batch hydraulic loading regime. The results showed that the efficiency of the VF-SSFCW System without purun tikus was 15.53% and VF-SSFCW with purun tikus 78.94%.

Influence of Height Waterlogging on Soil Physical Properties of Potential and Actual Acid Sulphate Soils

Water management is main factor that determines the successful of rice cultivation in acid sulphate soil. Soil waterlogging determines the direction and rate of chemical, geochemical and biological reaction in the soil, indirectly these reactions may influence to the changes of soil psycal properties during soil waterlogging process. The experiment was aimed to study the changes of two type of acid sulphate soils physical properties during rice straw decomposition processes. The research was conducted in the greenhouse consisting of the three treatment factors using the completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was soil type: potential acid sulphate soil (PASS) and actual acid sulphate soil (AASS). The second factor was height of water waterlogging: 0.5-1.0 cm (muddy water–level condition) and 4.0 cm from above the soil surface (waterlogged). The third factor was organic matter type: rice straw (RS), purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) (PT) and mixed of RS and PT (MX). Soil physical properties such as aggregate stability, total soil porosity, soil permeability, soil particle density and bulk density were observed at the end of experiment (vegetative maximum stage). The results showed that acid sulphate soil type had large effect on soil physicl properties, soil waterlogging decreased aggregate stability, soil particle density and bulk density both of soil type.Keywords : Acid sulphate soils, soil physical properties, and waterlogging [How to Cite: Arifin F, A Susilawati and A Rachman. 2014. Influence of Height Waterlogging on Soil Physical Properties of Potential and Actual Acid Sulphate Soils. J Trop Soils 19(2): 77-83. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.2.77]

Stabilization of organic matter in the raised-bed soils of tidal swamplands is influenced by the types and the amounts of organic matter application

<p>Farmers in tidal swamplands annually added organic matter (OM) onto the raised beds to maintain organic matter contents and thereby maintain soil productivity of the raised beds. This experiment aimed to study the influence of the types and the amounts of OM on the stabilization of organic matter in the raised-bed soils. Four types of OM: rice straw, eceng gondok (<em>Eichornia crassipes</em>), purun tikus (<em>Eleocharis dulcis</em>) and mixed rice straw-eceng gondok were added to a 27-year raised bed soil with 4 different rates: 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 of maximum sorption capacity (Q<sub>max</sub>), and the OM stabilization was quantified after 10 weeks of OM addition. Results of this study showed with the exception of rice straw, OM addition to soil resulted in increases in the mineralization of soil OM thereby inducing priming effect. Addition of rice straw at rate of 0.5 of Q<sub>max</sub> resulted in stabilization of 46% added OM, while only 30% and 37% of added OM was stabilized when OM was added to soils at rates of 1.0 and 2.0 Q<sub>max</sub>, respectively. This study showed that the stabilization of OM in raised bed soils were influenced by the chemical composition of OM and the amount of added OM.</p>

SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS PURUN BAJANG SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PURUN DANAU DAN PURUN TIKUS

The problem faced by purun craftsmen is the reduced of purun raw material which commonly used such as purun danau and purun tikus. Hence it tends to utilized purun bajang which lesser known but potential used as a raw material purun craft. The research aims to obtain the information on the physical and mechanical properties of purun bajang compared with purun tikus and purun danau as substituted of purun tikus and purun danau. The research conclude that purun bajang’s performance is almost same as another commercial purun in terms colour and impression touch, but purun bajang relative slippery than purun tikus and purun danu. Purun bajang can be used as material substitution of commercialized purun tikus and purun danau, but it is noteworthy because of the tensile strength which it have very low tensile strength. Purun bajang can be used as woven material after drying process without any pulverization because it cause increasingly fragile tensile strength . Keywords: purun, physical properties, mechanic al properties

THE USE OF BIOCHAR FOR IMPROVE SOIL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF PADDY IN PEATLAND

The main constraint in the management of peatlands include: high soil acidity, very low of nutrient availability especially NPK. The study aimed to determine the role of biochar to improve soil properties and paddy growth in peatlands. The study conducted in Landasan Ulin rural, Gambut district, Banjar regency, South Kalimantan. The study was conducted from June to October 2012. Research arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications. The treatment given was a combination of the type and dose of ameliorant i.e. the 3 types of ameliorant: F1 (50% purun tikus grass + 50% agricultural weed), F2 (16.7% chicken manure + biochar 83.3%), F3 (9% chicken manure + 91% purun tikus grass), with a dose of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 t ha -1 and control. The results showed that treatment of biochar could to increase soil pH, total N, and exchangable P (Bray I) though not significant, and significant in increasing the exchangable K compared to controls. On the growth of rice plants giving biochar can increase plant height, number of tillers and number of panicles compared to controls. Key words: biochar, improve of soil properties, peat, growth, paddy