Purposive Sampling Research Articles

Analysing influential factors in e-learning technology acceptance for digital learning effectiveness enhancement

This study aims to discover the factors that influence the acceptance of electronic learning media and its effect on the effectiveness of digital instruction. The study involved a learning management system and online tutorials using management system (MS) teams from various faculties at the Universitas Terbuka. These include the Faculty of Economics and Business, the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, the Faculty of Science and Technology, and the Faculty of Law, Social Sciences, and Political Sciences. also conducted in three regional offices in Ambon, Gorontalo and Makassar, which were selected through purposive sampling. Primary data sources include participant questionnaires and interviews. Analytical methods include correlation and multiple regression analysis, with descriptive statistics used to summarize the dataset. Variable selection involves reliability and validity tests and classical assumption tests like multicollinearity. The F-test demonstrates a statistically significant and beneficial influence of utilizing e-learning media and individual ability, training, and intention to use it for digital learning success. The results of ttests and regression models provide empirical evidence supporting the significant effect of e-learning media and intention to use on the effectiveness of digital learning. However, variables related to training and ability do not show any significant influence.

“Us versus Them”: is the voice of the community heard when planning communication screening programmes for preschoolers?

ObjectivesCommunity consultation is necessary to ensure the uptake and use of community-based screening intervention to detect early childhood disabilities, as its absence can result in poor service acceptance and usage. To document stakeholders' perspectives regarding planning a community-based communication disorder (an impairment in the ability to receive, send, process and comprehend concepts or verbal, non-verbal and graphic symbol systems) screening programmes for pre-schoolers. Study designThis qualitative research design used purposive and random sampling to recruit 46 participants from eThekwini Municipality, South Africa. These stakeholders consisted of caregivers/parents of children who underwent screening for communication disorders, People who are Deaf, their parents, early childhood development practitioners, health professionals and government officials involved with children with disabilities. All participants were adults aged between 19 and 79 years, with an average age of 39.7 years. MethodsData was collected through focus group discussions and individual interviews, which were thematically analysed. ResultsThe four emergent themes were screening approaches, methods, location and personnel. Service users expected greater access to screening and reliable tests to identify problems by trained personnel at sites within the community. Service providers preferred a targeted approach to screening with parental input. Task shifting and sharing were seen as a solution to address staff shortages and provide services at health facilities, as resource constraints made it challenging to provide outreach services. ConclusionStakeholder engagement revealed diverging views between service users and providers, with implications for programme provision and uptake. There is a need for ongoing, inclusive discussion to ensure consensus during the planning stage, in order to render services that address issues of equity and accessibility for people with disabilities in marginalised communities.

Getting sincere and efficient support: A grounded theory study of older spousal caregivers of people with alzheimer's disease

Despite the importance of supporting older spousal caregivers (OSCs) of people with Alzheimer's Disease (PWAD), little evidence is available about the process of its occurrence in Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran. Understanding this process will help support more effectively. This study explored the support process for OSCs of PWAD using the grounded theory approach of Corbin and Strauss (2015). A total of 16 participants (10 caregivers, six formal and informal resources) were recruited using purposive and theoretical sampling methods, and in-depth interviews were conducted with them. Getting sincere and efficient support was the core category and was achieved through four strategies, which were thoughtful support-seeking, informal support-getting, formal seasonal support-getting, and informal support-devoting. Despite OSCs' vital need for multiple support, specific factors and conditions impair the support process. Healthcare providers and policymakers can use the results to make informed decisions and provide more practical support for these older caregivers.

Model analysis of private teachers' innovative work behavior improvement after the COVID-19 pandemic

After the COVID-19 pandemic, educational organizations' learning process experienced significant changes, especially related to innovative work behavior. It is undeniable that building innovative work behavior requires strong self-efficacy and organizational commitment and is supported by conducive workplace happiness. This research aims to analyze models for improving the innovative work behavior of private teachers after the COVID-19 pandemic based on self-efficacy, organizational commitment, and workplace happiness. The research model is oriented towards a quantitative causality approach. Data was collected online using a Google form, and a sample of 100 teachers was obtained. Using a purposive sampling formula, the foundation for sample determination is geared toward a non-probability sampling strategy. Instrument tests, normality tests, regression tests, correlation tests, hypothesis tests, and coefficient of determination were all utilized in data analysis. The results of the study demonstrate that innovative work behavior is highly influenced by workplace happiness, organizational commitment, and self-efficacy. According to the study's conclusions, encouraging creative work behavior requires teachers to have the confidence to do so. Furthermore, the psychological state of educators has a significant impact on their ability to generate novel and creative ideas.

Organizational silence and hidden threats to patients' dignity with schizophrenia: A qualitative study.

Maintaining patients' dignity is a key ethical requirement in healthcare and is emphasized in nursing standards. This issue is particularly significant for patients with schizophrenia because they face unique challenges such as physical and psychological difficulties, dependence on others, and social isolation, making them more vulnerable. Organizational factors can either threaten or preserve their dignity. However, there is little knowledge in this domain within the sociocultural context of Iran. This study aimed to explore the role of the healthcare organization in the dignity of patients with schizophrenia, based on the opinions of patients, healthcare personnel, and family caregivers. This qualitative study was conducted with 26 participants (16 patients, 4 family caregivers, 2 nurses, 3 psychologists, and 1 service worker) who were selected using a purposeful sampling method. The data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth face-to-face interviews until data saturation was reached. The data were analyzed via Graneheim and Lundman's method. The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences (IR.UMSU.REC.1401.099). Based on data analysis, participants reported the three following challenges as organizational hidden threats to patients' dignity: "Lack of facilities," "premature management," and "ineffective communication." The study findings indicated that the healthcare organization does not support the dignity of patients. Management inefficiency and lack of facilities are evident in psychiatric hospitals, and healthcare centers are not monitored based on standard criteria. Limited interactions between healthcare personnel and patients were identified as the main reasons for the neglect of patients with schizophrenia and the violation of their dignity. The results of this study can help healthcare policymakers in designing and implementing effective programs to preserve the dignity of patients with schizophrenia.

Custodial Shadows: Lived Experiences of Postpartum Mothers Deprived of Liberty

Postpartum care is critical for women, particularly for those who are incarcerated, as they navigate both physical recovery and the unique challenges of their circumstances. Access to adequate healthcare within correctional systems remains severely limited, impacting the well-being of these women. While existing research has examined various prison-based programs—such as parenting classes, prison nurseries, and health initiatives—the voices and experiences of Postpartum Mothers Deprived of Liberty (PMDL) raising infants while imprisoned are often overlooked. This study aims to illuminate these experiences and how the prison environment influences their roles as mothers. Employing a descriptive phenomenological approach, this research involved a comprehensive literature review and purposive sampling to gather a targeted research sample. Specific criteria were established to identify eligible primary data sources. Data collection primarily utilized semi-structured interviews, allowing for open dialogue that facilitated a deep exploration of the informants' thoughts, beliefs, and experiences. Data analysis followed Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method, ensuring credibility and trustworthiness through triangulation techniques, including audio recordings, field notes, pilot testing, and consultations with a research expert and psychometrician. Member checking was also conducted to verify the accuracy of the findings based on the informants' experiences. The analysis revealed five key themes: "Accepting the Inevitable: The Problems Arise After Birth," "Amusement Amidst Dilemma," "Supporting the Unsung: Building Bridges for Mothers Behind Bars," "Resilient Solitude: Embracing Inner Peace Amidst Maternal Separation," and "Maternal Bonds in Confinement: Underdeveloped Maternal Identity." The study concludes that while PMDLs engage in livelihood initiatives, skill development, and support networks, their separation from their infants significantly hampers their ability to fulfill maternal obligations and undermines their identity as mothers.

Parenting behaviour and student discipline in public boarding secondary schools in Western region of Kenya

Discipline in schools is an issue that especially concerns educators, parents, and other stakeholders. In an environment that lacks order and discipline, it is impossible for students to learn effectively. Thus, order and discipline are indispensable for achieving positive educational results. The family assumes a pivotal role in shaping the early years of an individual. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of parenting behaviour on student discipline in public boarding secondary schools in Western region of Kenya. Family composition and structural-functionalism theories served as guiding principles for the research. The investigation was conducted using an ex post facto design. The study's target population consisted of 5583 class teachers and 369 deputy principals (administrators-in-charge) from 369 public boarding secondary institutions. The sample included 123 deputy Principals and 558 class teachers from the 123 randomly selected schools. Simple random sampling was used to select 558 class teachers while purposive sampling was used to select 123 deputy Principals. For the purpose of data collection from the participants, a questionnaire and an interview schedule were employed. The assessment of the instruments' reliability was conducted using the test-retest method, results of the pilot study reveal that all scales were trustworthy because their reliability values were more than the required threshold of 0.7. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentages, weighted averages, correlations and multi-regression analysis. The study concluded that parenting behavior influence the discipline of students in public secondary schools. Therefore, it was recommended that school management boards should organize for the sensitization meetings on effective parenting behaviour, this will enable curb indiscipline among students.

Analysis of politeness strategies in kῖmwῖmbῖ (E531) condolence messages

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the politeness strategies used by condolers in expressing condolence in Kῖmwῖmbῖ. Death is a natural part of human life. Regardless of its cause, it is usually very painful and therefore, losing a loved one causes deep feelings of loss and sorrow not only to the family of the deceased but also to friends and relatives. The main purpose of expressing condolence is to convey sympathy or compassion to the bereaved. Yule (2017) argues that in linguistic politeness, face is the most important concept and claims that a person’s face in pragmatics is their public self-image. In expressing condolence, condolers threaten the face of the bereaved but also employ politeness strategies to formulate messages in order to save the bereaved’s face. The study adopted the qualitative and quantitative research approaches and used Brown and Levinson (1978) Politeness Theory. Politeness theory focuses on ‘saving face’ which is a key aspect in politeness. The study was conducted in Chogoria Division, Maara Subcounty, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. Purposive sampling was used to sample twenty condolence messages for analysis. A guiding card was used to categorize the condolence utterances with politeness strategies. The data was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively providing explanation of these politeness strategies and giving their frequencies and percentages in tables. It was established that the four politeness strategies proposed in the politeness theory are used in expressing condolence in Kῖmwῖmbῖ, with positive politeness strategy being the most used. The findings add to the existing knowledge in pragmatics, especially on politeness and burial discourse. Similarly, the study provides data which can be used to compare with other languages hence aiding in generalizing conclusions of condolence speech act.

A study to assess the level of stress, domestic violence and coping strategies among spouse of patients with alcohol dependence admitted at DIMHANS, Dharwad

Background of the study: Alcoholism is one of the major health and social problems all over the world. Alcoholism is a significant problem in India. There is a vast body of literature in India and in the West devoted to understanding the marital dynamics involved in alcoholism and ascertaining the deleterious impact that alcoholism could have on the personality and function of spouse. Aim : Assess the levels of Stress, Domestic violence and coping strategies among the wives of patients with alcoholic dependence.. Methodology: A descriptive survey design is used to assess level of stress, domestic violence and coping strategies among wives of patients with alcohol dependence admitted at DIMHANS, DHARWAD. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted for data collection from 100 wives of alcoholics admitted in wards of the DIMHANS. Results : Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics, majority of the participants had moderate level of stress(61%).Assessment of the overall level of domestic violence revealed that 54% wives of alcoholics had average domestic violence. Assessment of the overall level of coping strategies revealed that 63% wives of alcoholics had average coping. There was a partial association between the level of stress, domestic violence and coping strategies of the wives of patients with alcohol dependence with demographic variable only religion (χ2=6.9170, p=02), had significant relationship with level of stress. The result found non-significant negative correlation(r= -0.1810 p= 0.0720) was observed between stress and domestic violence scores and non significant positive correlation(r=0.0793 p=0.4330) was observed between stress and coping strategies scores. But significant and negative correlation (r= -0.2407 p=0.0160*) (*p<0.05) was observed between domestic violence and coping strategies scores. It means that domestic violence and coping strategies scores are dependent on each other. Conclusion: Research needs to focus on the impact of stress, domestic violence and coping on health, a nurse plays a pivotal role both in hospital and community setting in improving the health of the Individual. Innovative approaches in this field have to be initiated in nursing.

FUNGSI KELOMPOK TANI DAN PENGGUNAAN SARANA PRODUKSI DALAM KEGIATAN USAHATANI JAGUNG DI DESA AMBESEA KECAMATAN LAEYA KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

Farming in Ambesea Village still relies heavily on traditional methods passed down from generation to generation, from land cultivation to harvest. Corn farming in this village has not been carried out optimally due to farmers' limited knowledge, which has resulted in low corn production results. This research aims to evaluate the function of farmer groups and the use of production facilities in corn farming in Ambesea Village, Laeya District, South Konawe Regency. A total of 12 informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed qualitatively through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that farmer groups function as learning classes, with meetings that show member activities; as a vehicle for cooperation, with active cooperation between members; and as a production unit that provides agricultural production facilities. The use of production facilities in corn farming shows that farmers utilize all available facilities in their activities.

Effectiveness of government policy interventions towards enhancing access to pre-primary and primary education by street children in North Rift Kenya

An estimated 150 million children live on the streets globally, with many not enrolled in school. This growing issue requires urgent attention. UN Sustainable Development Goal 4, Target 5, aims to eliminate educational disparities for marginalized groups like street children, emphasizing the need to address prejudice in education access.The Kenyan government has developed measures to improve all children's access to education, particularly at the pre-primary and primary levels, in light of its signature on the United Nations convention. Government funding for the creation and execution of policy initiatives targeted at improving the access to education for these socially marginalised populations has been consistently large. Many street children still do not go to school though. In this regard a study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of government policy interventions towards enhancing access to pre-primary and primary education by street children. The study used mixed method research and pragmatic paradigm. By using both purposeful and random sampling, a sample size of 322 was selected. The respondents comprised of Street children, county directors of education, quality assurance officers, officers in the Department of Children Welfare, urban primary school teachers, non-governmental organisations, and community-based organisations that assist street children. Data was collected using observation guides, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics as well as theme analysis were used to analyse the data, respectively. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between government policy interventions and street children's access to pre-primary and primary education in North Rift Kenya; specifically, the national pre-primary education policy had a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.711, while the inclusive education policy had a coefficient of 1.0. The research additionally demonstrated the necessity of reinforcing the involvement of other relevant parties in improving street children's access to pre-primary and primary education.

Correlation between employment status and income level of mothers with exclusive breastfeeding

Introduction: Ideally, breastfeeding should begin within one hour of birth and continue for the first six months of life. The percentage of female workers in Indonesia increases year after year, and the country already has an exclusive breastfeeding policy. However, exclusive breastfeeding coverage remains relatively low. The mother's role in exclusive breastfeeding can be influenced by a number of factors. The study aims to determine the correlation between exclusive breastfeeding with employment status and the income level of mothers in Tambak Wedi Public Health Centre in Surabaya. Methods: Observational analysis with cross-sectional approach. The research population is in the area of Tambak Wedi Public Health Centre Surabaya. It Covers 114 mothers with babies aged 6-12 months old obtain from a non-probability sampling technique. Variables included exclusive breastfeeding status, employment status, and income level. The research instrument was a questionnaire and was analyzed using chi-square with a significant degree of < a 0,05. Results: Of 114 mothers, 84 mothers provide exclusive breastfeeding, and 30 mothers not exclusively breastfeeding their babies. The analysis showed there is a correlation between employment status (p-value= 0,00) and income level (p-value= 0,00) of mothers with exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: The mother’s employment status and income level positively affect exclusive breastfeeding practice in Tambak Wedi Public Health Centre Surabaya.

Anxiety and Depression among patients with chronic pain

Background: Chronic pain is a pervasive and debilitating state experienced by many individuals across the globe. It produces a wide range of physiological impact which are well documented in literature but the psychological impact which is also equally profound has not received much attention. This study aims to investigate severity of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic pain that contributes to the development of holistic and effective treatment approaches. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. Non probability purposive sampling was used to recruit a sample of 50 patients with chronic pain attending OPD services in a secondary hospital, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh. Patients who aged between 20 and 70 years with a chronic pain for at least 3 months were included. Patients with malignant pain were excluded. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to capture data on anxiety and depression. Results: The mean anxiety score on HADS was 9.2 (SD-3.72) and depression score was 8.48 (SD-3.23). Nearly one third of participants (32%) reported abnormal level of anxiety and 26% had reported abnormal depression. There is no significant association found between level of anxiety and Sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, type of family, education and occupation. Level of depression showed a significant association with age (p=0.042). Conclusion: Patients with chronic pain experience varying degrees of anxiety and depression. Routine assessment of these attributes would help the healthcare team to plan patient-tailored interventions to manage pain and to prevent anxiety and depression.

The effect of administration of green coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn Viridis Variety) water on reducing dysmenorrhea primary for teenage women in class X at State High School 1 Deli Tua Year 2024

Primary Dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs in teenagers, which is usually not associated with other diseases. According to WHO, in 2018 the incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea was very high in the world. On average, more than 50% of women in each country experience primary dysmenorrhoea. One way to treat primary dysmenorrhoea is non-pharmacological therapy, namely using green coconut water. Green coconut water contains calcium and magnesium which can reduce muscle tension. Vitamin C, which is a natural anti-inflammatory, relieves menstrual pain by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme which plays a role in the process of forming prostaglandins. This study aims to determine the effect of giving green coconut water on reducing primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescent girls. The research will be carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Deli Tua starting in April-May 2024. The research design uses a quasi-experiment method with one group pretest -posttest design. The sample in this study consisted of 22 respondents who were given green coconut water using a purposive sampling technique. The primary data used in this research was an observation sheet on the primary dysmenorrhoea pain scale before and after being given green coconut water as a research instrument. Based on the results of bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test, it shows that the p-value is 0.000. So it can be concluded that p <0.005, which means there is an effect of giving green coconut water on reducing primary dysmenorrhoea in young women.

Pengaruh Motivasi, Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik dan Konflik Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Karya Sukses Usaha Mandiri

The research was conducted to determine the influence of motivation, non-physical work environment and work conflict on employee job satisfaction at PT. Karya Sukses Usaha Mandiri. The data in the study were obtained through questionnaires, observations and interviews. The sampling technique used in this study is Nonprobability Sampling with a total sample technique. The results of the study show that 1. The results of the T test calculated for the work motivation variable of 5,336 > T-table 2,024 and the sig value of 0.000 < 0.025, namely work motivation had a significant effect on job satisfaction. 2. The results of the T test calculated on the non-physical work environment variable of 2,955 > t-table 2,024 and the sig value of 0.005 < 0.025, namely the non-physical work environment had a significant effect on job satisfaction. 3. The results of the T test calculated on the work conflict variable of 3,269 > t-table 2,024 and The SIG value is 0.002 < 0.025, namely work conflict has a significant effect on job satisfaction. The results of the determinant coefficient showed that work motivation, non-physical work environment and work conflict had an influence on the job satisfaction variabel of 49.7% while 50.3% was influenced by other variabels that were not studied in this research

The effect of a holistic approach training model on increasing the speed and agility of tennis athletes

Purpose: Physical condition is an essential element required by tennis athletes. Without proper physical conditioning, players cannot perform optimally. The physical condition of tennis athletes at Club Nusalima, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, is still not optimal, as evidenced by their low achievements this year, with no athletes ranked nationally by Pelti. Two of the most important physical conditions required by tennis players are agility and speed. Methods: This study aimed to determine the effect of a training method using a holistic approach on improving the physical condition—specifically agility and speed—of tennis athletes at Club Nusalima, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. The research was conducted as an experimental study using purposive sampling, with a sample consisting of 10 young athletes aged 15-17 from the club. The research design used was a "One Group Pretest-Posttest" approach. The instruments used to collect data were the 505 Agility Test and the 20-meter sprint test for speed. Results: The data analysis technique used was the t-test with a significance level of 5%. For agility, the results showed that the t-table value was 2.26 and the t-count value was 3.26, which is greater than 2.26, indicating a significant improvement in agility. Similarly, for speed, the t-test analysis showed that the t-count value was 3.04, which was also greater than the t-table value of 2.26, confirming a significant improvement in speed. Although the improvement in agility (0.24 seconds) was greater than the improvement in speed (0.07 seconds), both metrics showed a significant positive effect from the holistic training approach. Conclusion: The holistic training method significantly improved both agility and speed in tennis athletes at Club Nusalima. Agility improved from an average of 2.81 seconds to 2.74 seconds, and speed also showed measurable improvement from 3.04 seconds to 2.96 seconds. These findings suggest that the holistic approach is an effective model for enhancing physical performance in tennis players.

Parenting a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Jordanian's perspectives.

Raising your child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Jordan is a challenge due to the prevailing behavioral concerns, low availability of specialized care, and generalized feelings of social stigma. This phenomenological study involved twelve Jordanian parents of children aged 4-14years, all diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: "The Journey through ADHD," in which parents recognized the abnormalities of their children, reported suffering during the diagnosis, and described a wide range of uncertainty regarding the diagnosis and treatments. The second theme was "Disease as part of life," where parents reported the impact on family dynamics and social life. The third theme was "Caregiving burden," reflecting physical and emotional exhaustion and financial burden. Jordanian parents caring for children with ADHD face several challenges, including physical, emotional, economic, and social challenges and limited access to specialized services. Identifying their unique needs and challenges is essential in supporting them, providing appropriate services and resources, and developing policies and guidelines for culturally competent quality services.

The differences effects of lunges vs. squats exercise programs on the swimming speed 50-meters butterfly style: a quasi-experimental study

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of lunges vs. squats exercise on the swimming speed of the 50-meter butterfly stroke among athletes aged 10-13 in KU III and IV categories. Approach: An experimental method employing a two-group pre-test and post-test design was utilized. The study population consisted of athletes affiliated with the SeaRia Aquatic swimming association. Purposive sampling was employed, selecting male swimmers aged 10-13 who were members of the Searia Aquatic swimming club and willing to participate in training during the study. Twenty athletes met the inclusion criteria. The speed test was conducted using the 50-meter butterfly stroke. Statistical data analysis was performed using t-test with SPSS 25 software, employing a significance level of 0.05. Results: The analysis revealed significant effects: (1) lunge training demonstrated a significant improvement in the swimming speed of the 50-meter butterfly stroke among athletes aged 10-13 at the SeaRia Aquatic swimming association (t-count = 6.046, t-table = 2.23, P < 0.05); (2) similarly, squat training led to a significant enhancement in the swimming speed of the 50-meter butterfly stroke among the same age group at the SeaRia Aquatic swimming association (t-count = 6.086, t-table = 2.23, P < 0.05). Collectively, both lunges and squats positively influenced swimming speed in the 50-meter butterfly stroke among athletes aged 10-13 affiliated with the Searia Aquatic swimming association. Conclusion: This study underscores the beneficial effects of incorporating lunges vs. squats into training regimens for young athletes aiming to improve their swimming performance, particularly in the butterfly stroke. This study found that squats are more effective than lunges in improving performance in the butterfly swimming stroke. These findings offer valuable insights for coaches, trainers, and athletes interested in enhancing their competitive edge in swimming, particularly in butterfly style.

Utility analysis of outpatient hypertensive patients with and without comorbidities using the EQ-5D-5L instrument: A study at UPTD Puskesmas Pagerageung, Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java

Hypertension is a chronic condition often requiring lifelong treatment, which can impact patients’ quality of life (QoL) in physical, psychological, and social domains. The presence of comorbid conditions alongside hypertension can further deteriorate QoL. Health utility measurement, particularly in hypertensive patients with comorbidities, is crucial for understanding these compounded effects. This study aims to evaluate and compare the quality of life utility in hypertensive patients with and without comorbidities using the EQ-5D-5L instrument, focusing on how comorbid conditions influence overall QoL. A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 100 hypertensive patients treated at UPTD Puskesmas Pagerageung, Tasikmalaya, from January to March 2024. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire was used to assess utility scores, which were calculated using an Indonesian-specific value set. Chi-square and Post Hoc LSD analyses were applied to explore relationships between utility scores and demographic factors such as age, gender, and occupation. The average utility score for hypertensive patients without comorbidities was 0.669, higher than that of patients with comorbid conditions. Specifically, patients with diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, gastric conditions, heart disease, and severe comorbidities (e.g., kidney disease, cataracts, stroke) had average scores of 0.578, 0.640, 0.651, 0.537, and 0.148, respectively. Age was significantly associated with utility scores (p = 0.014), whereas gender and occupation showed no significant impact. Hypertensive patients without comorbidities had a better quality of life utility than those with additional health issues. Targeted management of comorbidities is essential to improve the quality of life among hypertensive patients, especially in those facing compounded health challenges.

The Impact of Financial Performance and Stakeholder Pressure on Sustainability Report Disclosure: The Moderating Role of Independent Commissioners

In the contemporary business landscape, sustainability reporting has become increasingly critical as stakeholders demand greater transparency and accountability from companies regarding their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. This study delves into the factors that influence the extent of sustainability report disclosure, focusing on the role of financial performance, stakeholder pressure, and the moderating effect of independent commissioners. This study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing data from 96 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2022. The sample encompasses 288 observations, and purposive sampling was employed to select companies that met specific criteria, ensuring the inclusion of companies that have consistently disclosed sustainability reports and maintained financial stability. Regression analysis with an absolute difference test was conducted using SPSS 23 to analyze the relationships between the variables. The findings of this study indicate that financial performance and stakeholder pressure significantly influence sustainability report disclosure. Companies with higher financial performance tend to disclose more sustainability information, suggesting that they have the resources and motivation to invest in sustainability reporting. This positive association between financial performance and sustainability reporting implies that companies with stronger financial positions are better equipped to allocate resources towards sustainability initiatives and their subsequent disclosure. In conclusion, the proportion of independent commissioners on the board moderates these relationships, indicating that independent oversight enhances the positive effects of financial performance and stakeholder pressure on sustainability report disclosure. The presence of independent commissioners on the board strengthens corporate governance mechanisms, ensuring greater transparency and accountability in sustainability reporting.