Purple Eggplant Research Articles

The Effect of Providing Nasa POC Concentration and Various Types of Organic Mulch on The Growth and Yield of Purple Eggplant Plant (Solanum melongena L)

Pengaruh Perbedaan Mulsa Organik dan Konsentrasi POC NASA terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Terong Ungu (Solanum melongena L.). Selama tujuh bulan, yaitu tanggal 10 Maret hingga 3 September, penelitian dilakukan di Desa Tapis, Kecamatan Tanah Grogot, Kabupaten Paser. Dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dua faktor yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak pemberian konsentrasi POC NASA dan jenis mulsa organik yang berbeda. Perlakuan konsentrasi POC NASA yang berbeda-beda, yang terbagi dalam tiga taraf yaitu pl (tanpa POC NASA), P2 (20 cc/10 liter air), dan P3 (20 cc/20 liter air), merupakan faktor pertama. Faktor kedua adalah cara berbagai jenis mulsa organik diolah, dan ini termasuk. Pemberian konsentrasi POC NASA, menurut temuan penelitian, berpengaruh nyata terhadap metrik yang diukur, seperti rata-rata bobot buah per tanaman sampel pada panen 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5, serta bobot buah per plot dan hektar pada panen 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5. panen ke 1, 2, 3, dan 4. Kemudian pada panen kelima berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik bobot tanaman per sampel. Pada saat yang sama, penerapan berbagai jenis mulsa organik menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan terhadap parameter-parameter yang dicatat, seperti berat buah per sampel tanaman pada panen kelima, berat buah per petak pada panen kelima, dan berat buah per hektar pada panen kelima. Selain itu, perlakuan pertumbuhan tanaman terong ungu terbaik dicapai dengan menggabungkan perlakuan konsentrasi POC NASA dengan mulsa organik konsentrasi 40cc/20 liter air dan menggunakan mulsa jenis jerami padi. Sementara itu, perlakuan interaksi antara konsentrasi POC NASA dan berbagai jenis mulsa organik tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap seluruh metrik yang dievaluasi.

THE USE OF PURPLE EGGPLANT FRUIT CALYX STEM (Solanum melongena L.) AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF LACTASE-PRODUCING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

Lactose intolerance is a condition where body is unable to digest lactose due to an enzyme lactase deficiency in digestive system, leading to various health problems ranging from bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal pain to severe problems that can result in stunting in children. One attempt to prevent stunting due to lactose intolerance is administration of low-lactose dairy products, such as yogurt. The production of yogurt requires a starter known as lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Starter bacteria are often derived from yeast or commercially available bacteria, which are relatively expensive. This research aims to utilize waste products, namely the purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) stalks, as a new source of LAB for lactase enzyme production. Fermenting cow's milk using purple eggplant stalks results in yogurt. Inoculating this yogurt onto MRS Broth and MRS Agar media confirms the presence of LAB from the milk fermentation. To test the lactase enzyme, bacterial cell wall degradation is achieved using sonication, allowing for lactase enzyme testing. Characterization test for lactase enzyme is conducted at various temperatures and pH levels to determine the optimum conditions for the lactase enzyme. The optimum temperature for lactase enzyme is at 70°C with a specific enzyme activity of 0.0061 U/mg, optimum pH is 7 with a specific enzyme activity of 0.0044 U/mg. This study demonstrates that purple eggplant stalks can be utilized as a new source of LAB to produce lactase enzyme as an alternative starter bacterium for yogurt production, particularly for lactose intolerance therapy in the future.

The Effect of Using NPK Fertilizer and Liquid Organic Fertilizer Vegetable Waste on the Vegetative Growth of Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

An key factor in promoting the growth and development of plants is fertilizer. Both organic and inorganic fertilizers can be used for fertilization. If inorganic fertilizers are applied over an extended period of time without the incorporation of organic matter, the soil's quality may be compromised, leading to suboptimal plant development. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the optimal fertilizer dose for purple eggplant growth response, as well as the effects of NPK fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer made from vegetable waste, and a combination of both on the vegetative growth of purple eggplant plants. A two-factor Complete Random Design was employed in this study, with three replicates and five treatment levels for each of the liquid organic fertilizer made from vegetable waste and NPK fertilizer treatment. The Anova two-way test was used to examine the data, and then the DMRT test was performed. The application of liquid organic fertilizer made from vegetable waste and the combination of the two fertilizers had a real effect on plant height, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight but no real effect on the number of leaves, according to the results. On the other hand, the application of NPK fertilizer had a real effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight. The results of the DMRT test (5%) indicated that the optimal dosage for plant height, wet weight, and dry weight was 1.5 grams of NPK and 10 ml of liquid organic fertilizer made from vegetable waste; for the number of leaves, it was 1.5 grams of NPK and 2 grams, and for the area of leaves, it was 1 gram of NPK.

The Effect of Applying Organic Skin and Coconut Dregs Compost on The Growth and Yield of Purple Eggplant Plants Fertilizer of Red Onion (Solanum melongena L.)

The Effect of Applying Organic Skin and Coconut Dregs Compost on The Growth and Yield of Purple Eggplant Plants Fertilizer of Red Onion (Solanum melongena L.)

Fine Mapping of Candidate Gene Controlling Anthocyanin Biosynthesis for Purple Peel in Solanum melongena L.

Fruit color is an intuitive quality of horticultural crops that can be used as an evaluation criterion for fruit ripening and is an important factor affecting consumers' purchase choices. In this study, a genetic population from the cross of green peel 'Qidong' and purple peel '8 guo' revealed that the purple to green color of eggplant peel is dominant and controlled by a pair of alleles. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA), SNP haplotyping, and fine genetic mapping delimited candidate genes to a 350 kb region of eggplant chromosome 10 flanked by markers KA2381 and CA8828. One ANS gene (EGP22363) was predicted to be a candidate gene based on gene annotation and sequence alignment of the 350-kb region. Sequence analysis revealed that a single base mutation of 'T' to 'C' on the exon green peel, which caused hydrophobicity to become hydrophilic serine, led to a change in the three-level spatial structure. Additionally, EGP22363 was more highly expressed in purple peels than in green peels. Collectively, EGP22363 is a strong candidate gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple eggplant peels. These results provide important information for molecular marker-assisted selection in eggplants, and a basis for analyzing the regulatory pathways responsible for anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplants.

Productive Specialty Eggplant Cultivars Suitable for Small Farms in the Southeastern Coastal Plain

Specialty eggplants (Solanum melongena L.), cultivars with fruit shapes, sizes, and colors different from the typical teardrop-shaped, dark purple eggplant fruit, are an underproduced vegetable commodity in the southeastern United States. Seven cultivars representing seven different fruit types were grown in Charleston, SC, USA, in Spring and Fall 2018 and 2019 to assess cultivar productivity and net return. Despite year-to-year variability, Hansel (Chinese type), Millionaire (Japanese type), and Gretel (white fruit) generally had greater weights of both marketable (US Fancy and No. 1 fruit) and edible (US Fancy, No. 1 and No. 2) fruit than Fairy Tale (Sicilian type) and Patio Baby (Indian type), whereas the globe-fruited cultivars Black Beauty (heirloom) and Rosa Bianca (Italian type), had intermediate yields. Yields of plants after ratooning in the fall were lower than in the spring before ratooning. Prices per carton paid by local food hubs for US Fancy, No. 1, and No. 2 fruit were two to three times greater than wholesale terminal market prices. Nevertheless, fruit weights were a greater determinant of net returns than prices were. Growers in the southeastern coastal plain can maximize net returns from specialty eggplant crops by choosing cultivars that produce high fruit weights.

Genome-Wide Identification of Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Reveals Their Potential Role in Anthocyanin Accumulation on the Fruit Peel.

Anthocyanins are ubiquitous pigments derived from the phenylpropanoid compound conferring red, purple and blue pigmentations to various organs of horticultural crops. The metabolism of flavonoids in the cytoplasm leads to the biosynthesis of anthocyanin, which is then conveyed to the vacuoles for storage by plant glutathione S-transferases (GST). Although GST is important for transporting anthocyanin in plants, its identification and characterization in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) remains obscure. In this study, a total of 40 GST genes were obtained in the eggplant genome and classified into seven distinct chief groups based on the evolutionary relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana GST genes. The seven subgroups of eggplant GST genes (SmGST) comprise: dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), elongation factor 1Bγ (EF1Bγ), Zeta (Z), Theta(T), Phi(F), Tau(U) and tetra-chlorohydroquinone dehalogenase TCHQD. The 40 GST genes were unevenly distributed throughout the 10 eggplant chromosomes and were predominantly located in the cytoplasm. Structural gene analysis showed similarity in exons and introns within a GST subgroup. Six pairs of both tandem and segmental duplications have been identified, making them the primary factors contributing to the evolution of the SmGST. Light-related cis-regulatory elements were dominant, followed by stress-related and hormone-responsive elements. The syntenic analysis of orthologous genes indicated that eggplant, Arabidopsis and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) counterpart genes seemed to be derived from a common ancestry. RNA-seq data analyses showed high expression of 13 SmGST genes with SmGSTF1 being glaringly upregulated on the peel of purple eggplant but showed no or low expression on eggplant varieties with green or white peel. Subsequently, SmGSTF1 had a strong positive correlation with anthocyanin content and with anthocyanin structural genes like SmUFGT (r = 0.9), SmANS (r = 0.85), SmF3H (r = 0.82) and SmCHI2 (r = 0.7). The suppression of SmGSTF1 through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGs) resulted in a decrease in anthocyanin on the infiltrated fruit surface. In a nutshell, results from this study established that SmGSTF1 has the potential of anthocyanin accumulation in eggplant peel and offers viable candidate genes for the improvement of purple eggplant. The comprehensive studies of the SmGST family genes provide the foundation for deciphering molecular investigations into the functional analysis of SmGST genes in eggplant.

Quality Analysis of Fresh Vegetable Product with Prima Certificate (Case Study Of Nagari Padang Lua Kecamatan Banuhampu Kabupaten Agam)

Referring to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), fresh food quality parameters must have certain physical quality criteria, free from pesticide residues, microbial contamination and free of heavy metal contamination. The purpose of the study was to analyze the quality of red chili peppers, spring onions, cabbage, eggplant and chickpeas that have been certified prima with 3 (three) testing parameters, namely testing the physical quality of vegetables referring to SNI 01-4480-1998 for red chili products, SNI 01-6996-2004 for spring onion products, SNI 01-3174: 1992 for cabbage products, SNI 3163: 2014 for purple eggplant and chickpea products. Lead heavy metal contamination testing refers to SNI 7387:2009 and microbiological contamination testing refers to SNI 7388:2009. The research was conducted in the Nagari Padang Lua area, Kecamatan Banuhampu, Kabupaten Agam on 5 vegetable cultivation businesses that have been certified as prima. The research method used was descriptive testing. The results showed that there were deviations in the physical quality of fresh red chilies, namely the level of uniformity of the size of red chilies that were below the SNI quality standard (92.33%), very high levels of impurities in leaf onions, total microbial contamination (ALT) in leaf onions and cabbage/cabbage exceeded the maximum limit of total contamination allowed in food, namely 1.39x104 and 1.708x104 E.Coli contamination was detected exceeding the maximum limit of contamination in chickpeas which was 3/gr, while for lead contamination (P4), the total microbial contamination (ALT) in leaf onions and cabbage exceeded the maximum limit of total contamination allowed in food, respectively.

Uji Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Ekstrak Kulit Terong Ungu (Solanum melongena L.) Terhadap Tikus Putih Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Karagenan

Inflammation is the human body’s defense to prevent tissue damage due to different kinds of factors. The purple eggplant peel (Solanum melongena L.) may have the potential to have anti-inflammatory properties due to containing nasunin, which is a phenolic, flavonoid anthocyanin substance by inhibiting cyclooxygenase pathway. This research was done to prove the anti-inflammatory effect of purple eggplant peel extract in rats. The research method was conducted by true experimental post-test only control-group design. 25 rats were divided into 5 groups with different treatments which are: positive control, negative control, purple eggplant peel extract with a dose of 0,3 mg/gBW, 6 mg/gBW and 0,9 mg/gBW. The data measured was the decrease of edema volume induced by carrageenan at hours-0 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Data analysis was performed at the 4th hour using ANOVA and post-hoc LSD tests. The results of the study found that there were significant differences between the negative control group and the positive control group and the entire treatment group. The conclusion of this study was that purple eggplant peel extract had anti-inflammatory activity with the best effectiveness at a dose of 0,9 mg/gBW.

The degradation and antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins from eggplant peels in the context of complex food system under thermal processing

A model of complex food system composed of dietary fiber, protein, starch (3/2/2), added with anthocyanins extracted from purple eggplant peels was constructed to investigate impacts of thermal treatments (including steaming, boiling, microwave and frying) on the degradation and antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins. The content of anthocyanins was reduced by 84.48% under frying treatment (185 ± 5 °C), and the degradation of anthocyanins was in line with second-order kinetics as with microwave treatment (700 W). Under boiling and steaming conditions, the degradation of anthocyanins followed first-order kinetics. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with the contents of total anthocyanins and polyphenols. During thermal treatments, anthocyanins were mainly decomposed into gallic acid, phloroglucinaldehyde, and 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (frying), in which phloroglucinaldehyde could be further isomerized into phloroglucinic acid. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) also supported that frying showed the most robust effect on influencing the structure of anthocyanins during these four thermal treatments.

Identification of Eggplant SmMPK Gene Family and Functional Verification of SmMPK4.1

Light is one of the important factors influencing anthocyanin synthesis, and low-light conditions (<2000 Lux) seriously affect the coloration of the peels of purple eggplant. MPK4 is an important protein kinase that regulates a number of physiological processes and is equivalent to the “molecular switch” in the plant. The function of MPK4 has been studied in Arabidopsis, rice, and apple, but its function in eggplant has not been reported. In this study, 16 SmMPK genes were identified using photo-sensitive eggplant ‘LSHX’ as a material. We found that overexpression of SmMPK4.1 could affect the phenotype of eggplant leaves and metabolites of fruits, and knockout of SmMPK4.1 affected the function of synthesizing anthocyanin in eggplant induced by high light (10,000 Lux). Furthermore, we demonstrated that SmMPK4.1 could interact with SmMYB75 in yeast and that SmMPK4.1 negatively regulated the function of anthocyanin synthesis by SmMYB75. The results of this study revealed the function of SmMPK4.1 and provided candidate genes for conducting high-quality breeding of eggplant in production.

Light dependent differentiation of outdoors developed purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) pericarp layers: Leaf chlorenchyma characteristics of the pericarp layers dissected in the dark

To interpret the final steps of chlorophyll biosynthesis, detailed knowledge of etiolation symptoms is necessary. Most of our knowledge originates from studies on plant materials grown in complete darkness. Hardly any information is available about the plastid development in internal parenchyma cells of fleshy fruits in which the food supply is almost unlimited. In this work, etiolation symptoms were studied in pericarp layers of purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Tissue layers of fruits developed under open-air conditions and of etiolated fruits were dissected in a dark room. Transmission and 77 K fluorescence spectroscopy and ultrastructural studies were performed. Photosynthetic activities were measured and pigment contents were determined in light-grown fruits. The purple exocarp and a 1–1.5 cm wide green mesocarp layer of large fruits fully shade the internal pericarp layers, thus protochloropyll (ide) accumulated, flash-photoactive 644 and 655 nm emitting protochlorophyllide complexes, and only small amounts of chlorophylls were found. Photosynthetic activity was detected only in the external, green layer, which had fully developed chloroplasts, and showed 77 K fluorescence emission spectra characteristic for green leaves. The innermost endocarp regions and the etiolated fruits contained mainly protochlorophyll (ide), proplastids, and etioplasts, i.e. they showed etiolation symptoms. These symptoms correspond to those of leaves of dark-grown seedlings but are stable for long periods due to the almost unlimited nourishment supply from storage parenchyma cells. These results prove that the laboratory works with artificially dark-developed plant materials are good models of natural chlorophyll biosynthesis and plastid development.

The Effectiveness of The Inhibition of Local Bacterial Isolate From The Rhizosphere of Oil Palm Plant on Leaf Spot Disease in Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Longterm use of pesticides can cause side effects on the environment and human health. PGPR is an environmentally friendly solution for biological control of leaf spot disease. This research aims to obtain bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of oil palm plants which have the potential as biological agents to control fungal leaf spot diseases in eggplant plants. The research was carried out using 10 treatments, namely giving 9 samples of different bacterial isolates and 1 control and repeated 2 times, bringing the total to 20 plant samples. The results showed that there were 4 bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of oil palm plants that had great potential to inhibit the growth of leaf spot fungi, namely isolate R5 (99.35%), isolate R2 (98.1%), isolate R6 (94.69%) and isolate R10 (94.29%). The bacterial isolates that were able to reduce the percentage of disease attacks compared to the first week of observation to the fourth week were isolates R4, R2 and R10, with a reduction in the percentage of disease attacks respectively of 15.15%, 7.14% and 1.98%. Based on the data, it can be seen that the R2 bacterial isolate is an isolate that has the potential to inhibit fungal isolates and reduce the percentage of leaf spot disease attacks on eggplant plants.

Potential of purple eggplant skin fraction (Solanum Melongena Var. Serpentinum L.) as an in vitro sunscreen

Sunscreen is a product that is used as skin protection against sun exposure. The skin of purple eggplant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are used as sunscreens. This study aims to determine the activity of sunscreen fraction of the purple eggplant (Solanum melongena var. serpentinum L.) in vitro. Testing of sunscreen activity was carried out by calculating the value of SPF (Sun Protection Factor), %TE (Percent Transmission of Erythema) and %TP (Percent Transmission of Pigmentation) using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method. The purple eggplant skin fractionation method is by using LVC (Liquid Vacuum Chromatography). The results of the fractionation were identified using phytochemical screening and combined TLC. The fraction results were tested for SPF (Sun Protection Factor), %TE and %TP values. The results showed that the extract yield was 26.33%. The fractions used are fraction 9; 10; 11; and 12 which showed the same stain after being evaporated, which was a brownish yellow stain with a yield of 21,24%. The purple eggplant skin fraction (Solanum melongena var. serpentinum L.) has SPF, %TE and %TP values with optimal protection at a concentration of 400 ppm with each value obtained being 19; 1.35 and 9.79. The results of the statistical test of the purple eggplant skin fraction showed that the data were normally distributed but not homogeneous. The results of the homogeneity test for each concentration of results showed that the data were not significantly different.

Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Type and Concentration on the Growth and Production of Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

The productivity of purple eggplant has decreased and consumption continues to increase, it is necessary to increase the productivity of purple eggplant. Increasing productivity can be done by applying liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) derived from organic waste such as banana peels and fish waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the type and concentration of LOF that can help the growth and yield of purple eggplant. This research was conducted on the land of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of National Development (UPN) "Veteran" East Java in March to July 2022. The study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the LOF of banana peels and LOF of fish waste. The second factor is the LOF concentration level, namely 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The results showed that the treatment combination of fish waste LOF with a concentration of 30% gave plant with a biggest stem diameter of 1.01 cm. While the treatment combination of fish waste LOF with a concentration of 25% gave results with a total of 16.78 flowers and a total fruit weight of 1435.61 g/plant. Keywords: Banana peels, Concentration, Eggplant, Fish waste, Yield

The Effect of Doses of Cow Manure and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Purple Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L) Cultivars Mustang F1

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of doses of cow manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of purple eggplant plants (Solanum melongena L) Mustang cultivar F1, as well as to determine the relationship between the components of growth with components of purple eggplant plants (Solanum melongena L). The study was conducted in the village of Cigintung, Kuningan District, Kuningan Regency from September 07, 2019 to November 24, 2019. The location was at an altitude of 400 m above sea level (asl) with clay type, rainfall type C (Slightly wet). The method used was an experimental method with a factorial Randomized block Design (RBD), the treatment consisted of two factors that were repated three times. The first factor is cow manure consisting of three levels (K 1 = 10 tons/ha, K 2 = 15 tons/ha, K3 = 20 tons/ha). The second factor is NPK fertilizer consisting of three levels (N 1 = 100 kg/ha, N 2 = 200 kg/ha, N 3 = 300 kg/ha). The results showed that the different treatment dosages of doses of cow nanure and NPK fertilizer do not have a real effect on all ages observations on plant height, number of fruit plants, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per plot.

The Effect of Substitution of Snakehead Fish and Purple Eggplant Flour on The Acceptability of Biscuits for Stunting Prevention

The development of supplementary food formulas for toddlers made from local foods can be an alternative in handling child nutritional problems. Purpose of study was to observe the acceptability of biscuits substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour. Design of study was an quasi experimental using postest only control group design with four treatments namely substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour. The ratio of wheat flour, fish meal and purple eggplant flour is 100%: 0 : 0,85% : 10% : 5%, 70% : 20% : 10%, and 55% : 30% : 15%. The results of the study based in the color characteristic the highest score after control was F1 (score = 2.47), the taste aspect F1 (score = 2.7), the aroma aspect F1 (score = 2.41), thetexture/crunch F1 (score = 2.65). There was an effect of substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour on color acceptability (p = 0.000) and taste (p = 0.003), there is no effect of substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour on aroma receptivity (p = 0.306) and crispness (p = 0.155). In conclusion, there are significant differences in the color and taste characteristics of cookies substitution of snakehead fish flour and purple eggplant flour between F0, F1, F2 and F3.

Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Ameliorates D-Galactose-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Acetylcholinesterase in the Hippocampus of an Aging Rat Model

Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Ameliorates D-Galactose-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Acetylcholinesterase in the Hippocampus of an Aging Rat Model

Growth and production of purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) with application of chicken manure and liquid organic fertilizer of goat urine

It is feared that the continuous use of inorganic fertilizers at high doses could cause a decrease in soil fertility. Besides that, currently people tend to prefer organic plant products. Efforts that can be made to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers are using liquid organic fertilizer goat urine and steps to improve soil quality require the application of manure. This study aims to determine the effect of the interaction of dosing chicken manure and the concentration of goat urine liquid organic fertilizer. This study used a factorial completely randomized design consisting of two factors, namely chicken manure with 3 dose levels of 10, 20, 30 t.ha-1 and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) of goat urine with 3 concentration levels of 10, 20, 30%. The results showed that the interaction between chicken manure and goat urine liquid organic fertilizer did not provide an increase in all observation parameters. Applying several doses of chicken manure can increase plant height and stem diameter in purple eggplant plants with the best growth found at a dose of chicken manure 20 t.ha-1. Application of liquid organic fertilizer goat urine does not improve the entire parameter. Application of chicken manure dose of 20 t. ha-1 and concentration of 20% LOF showed the best growth and production of purple eggplant plants.

Analysis of Purple Eggplant Growth After Vermicompost and NPK Fertilizer Treatment

Eggplant growth rate is determined by genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors that affect eggplant growth include the availability of nutrients on agricultural land. Research on analysis of purple eggplant growth after vermicompost and NPK fertilizer treatment was carried out from March to July 2023. This study aims to analyze the effect of the application of vermicompost on the growth of purple eggplant. The application of NPK fertilizer on the growth of purple eggplant. The interaction effect of vermicompost and NPK fertilizer treatment on purple eggplant growth. Growth parameter data were analyzed using the F test. The results showed that: Vermicompost application increased stem height, total leaves and leaf length but did not increase leaf width and stem diameter of purple eggplant. The application of NPK fertilizer was effective in increasing stem height, total leaves, leaf length, leaf width and stem diameter of purple eggplant. The interaction of vermicompost treatment and NPK fertilizer was not effective in increasing all measured growth parameters.