Purchase Cycle Research Articles

PERANAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DALAM PEMBELIAN BAHAN BAKU DAN PEMBAYARANNYA PADA PT. FORMITRA MULTI PRAKARSA

One of the many factors that would make a company to remain competitive in the market is an implementation of an accounting information system that goes well at the company, in order to minimize the occurrence of fraud, particularly in raw material purchasing cycle, and disbursements of transactions which is related to the purchase of raw materials . This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. Elements in this study using the elements of internal control, the structure of the organization, authorization, and recording system, sound practices and quality employees in accordance with its responsibilities. To determine whether the information system is effective or not is by using the COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of The Treadway Commissions)method. There are 5 components of COSO which is: control environment, risk assessment, information and communication, monitoring, and control activities. After analyzing PT Formitra on that aspect, there is only one factor that is a weakness to the company, which is the absence of separation of functions between the recording of the inventory and control function (protecting) of the inventory.

Comparison Shopping Engines

Since the stimulation of both feelings of need and temptation have become excessive with the spread of internet advertising, the e-consumer have begun to feel increasingly lost and overwhelmed by offers in a purchasing cycle whose process is mostly unstructured, unguided, and unassisted or - in other words - non user-friendly. As a result, he displays a confused and suspicious attitude and desperately turns to the comparison shopping engines (CSEs) to save time and identify the best matching offer for his search request. Thus, the article in question serves as an investigation of the comparison shopping engines to know if they are up to the task of satisfying the needs of the e-consumer. This study adopts an exploratory approach about the history of online shopping engines, their operating modes, categories, and business plans as well as how they are perceived, used and evaluated. Then, a detailed identification of the various shortcomings that CSEs manifest on the side of both e-consumers and e-merchants was presented in order to eventually discuss the numerous innovations and scientific research which have been developed on the subject.

Informatization design of raw material purchase and payment for feed processing enterprises under ERP system environment

SummaryERP is one of the important means of modern enterprise management. Its basic idea is to regard the business process as the supply and demand chain based on the enterprise value chain and to divide the enterprise interior into several subsystems of cooperative operation. Feed enterprises are faced with the situation of fierce competition, rising raw materials, weak management, and low profit. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the management competitiveness and management efficiency. The ERP system, which integrates purchasing, sales, finance, and other business management, has become the best tool for the management of feed enterprises. This paper studies the status of purchasing management system in modern ERP system and the mode of information exchange in the system. The purchasing process and the purchasing cycle of the order production enterprises are discussed in details. The design scheme, architecture, and function model of the sales management system under the ERP environment are studied with a development example. In the application example, this paper gives the concrete solution of implementing the sales management system under the ERP environment and some details of its implementation. The system has better information interactivity and expansibility. Finally, experiments verify the effectiveness of the ERP system designed in this paper.

Popularity of Branded Content in Social Media

ABSTRACT A content-analytical study was conducted to examine the popularity of branded messages in social media. Six hundred unique posts published by 100 brands were investigated and content analyzed; this dataset was further used to test what content features contribute to subsequent popularity (measured with the number of likes, shares, and comments). The results reveal that messages constructed in a story-like format receive the highest indicators of popularity. Humor has been found to moderate this effect in such a way that it leads to lower number of responses toward narrative (versus non-narrative) content. Additionally, story-based posts have been observed to become more popular when they represent highly involving product categories, with a long purchase cycle, while non-durables or fast moving consumer goods are less likely to benefit from storytelling online.

THE REVIEW OF THE CONDITION OF BRANCH OF TRANSFORMER MANUFACTURE AND TENDENCIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE DESIGN OF POWER TRANSFORMERS

Manufacturers and consumers of transformers rather conservatively concern all innovations in transformer manufacture since in power distributive transformers are inherent long term of the operation, essential cost and a purchasing cycle. Progress of perfection of a design of the transformer is substantially defined now by creation new and perfection used conduction, magnetic and insulating materials. Regarding creation new conduction the materials applied by manufacture of mains transformers, it is possible to allocate high-temperature superconducting materials and, accordingly, the HTS transformers created with their application. Pre-production models of HTS transformers with use HTS of a tape of 2nd generation on the basis of superconducting ceramics GdBCO are already made and are tested. Development of manufacturing techniques of the hightension cable has allowed to create a cable with isolation from cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) and to apply it in the field of transformer technologies by working out of the new dryformer. Regarding creation of new magnetic materials the special role is taken away so-called, to the nano-crystal alloy which features have laid down in a basis of creation of new type of amorphous core transformers. Now in the world works on working out of tapes from the amorphous alloys possessing improved magnetic properties and cheapness, in particular Fe(Co)SiBPCCu and 2605SA1 are conducted. As tendencies in change of type of the core and its design are observed. More and more wide application at manufacturing of power three-phase transformers small and a mean power is found by the strip-wound cores which design is executed on technology UNICORE. As interest to a design of cores of the electrotechnical steels executed from different types and received the name “Sandwich” is shown. Regarding perfection of used insulations materials, it is possible to note application of electrotechnical gas (SF6) in transformers in circuit-breaker oil replacements. Such transformers have received the name gas-insulated transformers, and their obvious advantage are ecological compatibility and fire safety. Now it is much spoken about creation of so-called Smart Grid, and their transition in the future to the most effective systems of a highest level called now Microgrid. Certain demands are made to the specified electric systems: maintenance optimum capacity factor and high electrical power factor. The resulted requirements, at present, can be realised only new semiconductor transformers, such as the “Sen” transformer.

Television Advertisement and its Impact on Teenagers' Buying Behavior-A Study in Barasat City Kolkata

In the present era as the market has become wider, exchange patterns and complexities have also become huge in terms of number of offerings and offer -makers. In this context, the role of sellers is to develop a market sustainable strategy. For this they find the way of different roots as well as media to reach the customer faster than competitors. In purchasing cycle, teenagers as a customer group, play a vital role. Keeping the thought in mind, the present study makes an attempt to find out the role of television advertisement in changing the mindset of consumers and energizing the inner current of consumers, which subsequently convert them into buyers in a techsavvy modern world. Data have been collected from the students of three universities, situated at Barasat city in Kolkata. The results indicate that to make the things clear in term of awareness and interest, television advertisement play really big.

Mobile shopping among young consumers: an empirical study in an emerging market

PurposeSuperior functionality of smartphones makes them a potential retailing channel, despite their slow adoption. The purpose of this paper is to identify convenience factors that influence consumption experience and intention to continue shopping on a mobile phone.Design/methodology/approachThis study was carried out on students using a survey method. This study was conducted in the National Capital Region of India due to its large and diverse population. A purposive sampling technique was used to contact 380 respondents.FindingsThe data were analysed using a structural equation model. The results indicate search and possession convenience to be positively related to consumption experience while search, evaluation and post-purchase convenience are positively related to continuance usage intention. The findings of this study provide evidence that mobile phone is an effective channel for shopping due to search, evaluation, possession and post-purchase convenience.Research limitations/implicationsThis study used student population between the age group of 20 and 30 years, thereby limiting the generality of the results.Practical implicationsThis study provides insights to retailers and brand managers for crafting their mobile marketing strategies.Originality/valueThis study explores and uncovers, for the first time, convenience dimensions of a mobile shopping channel across various stages of consumers’ purchase cycle.

Display Advertising's Impact: Biases and Temporal Variation in Effectiveness

In this paper, we investigate ways to accurately assess and enhance display advertising effectiveness. We construct a two-month panel of browsing behavior data that covers nearly one million users, and over 24 million display ad impressions served on behalf of 400 advertisers. We discuss the importance of accounting for two types of selection biases: targeting rules and the consumer’s browsing intensity. When ignored, selection effects overstate display advertising response by more than five-fold, with browsing intensity accounting for one-third of this bias, and targeting accounting for the remaining two-thirds. Finally, we investigate the relative impact of entertainment and outcome oriented browsing on consumer response to display advertising, and examine whether such a relationship holds equally well for advertising campaigns that focus on early and late stages of the purchase cycle. We show that consumers are nearly twice as responsive when browsing in an entertainment oriented state, that a campaign targeting entertainment oriented users is expected to generate a 15.3% more conversions, and these effects are strongest in the early stages of the purchase cycle.

The perfection of the narcissistic self: A qualitative study on luxury consumption and customer equity

This study explores the buying behaviors of the two types of narcissistic orientations, covert and overt, to see the differences in purchasing behavior and psychology in luxury consumption and their different contributions to customer equity of luxury brands. Covert narcissistic consumptions show counterfeit product consuming behaviors and a fast purchasing cycle, prefer to have trendy items, value quantity more than quality, and choose loud luxury goods. On the other hand, overt narcissistic consumption shows socially responsible consuming behaviors and a comparatively slower purchasing cycle, the preference to have classic and limited symbolic items, prioritizing quality over quantity, and choosing quiet luxury goods. This research confirms that the two types of narcissistic orientations encourage people to have different modalities in luxury consumption and make different contributions to customer equity of luxury brands.

An exploratory study of factors influencing repurchase behaviors toward game items: A field study

This study provides an exploratory analysis of the effects of the various characteristics of users, games, and repurchase behavior of users in an online game context. Many previous studies considered intentions to purchase and repurchase game items; however, few examined repurchase behavior. Our analysis included a sample of 2,060,685 observations (out of a total of 84,434,287) in one year based on the field data of purchase behavior from a game company. Analysis results show that users’ purchase behavior is the most significant factor, and time-related characteristics such as the recency of purchase, purchase frequency, and purchase cycle are important factors that influence repurchase decisions. In contrast, it is found that purchase amount, game characteristics, and user characteristics are not significant. Our findings imply that any analysis of repurchase behavior should address “unconscious” purchase behavior, such as habits, immersion, and impulse buying, in addition to conscious purchase behavior.

Exploratory Study on the Success Factors of SPA Brands from Marketing Perspectives - Based on Grounded Theory -

The fashion industry has been rearranged by Global SPA brands (like ZARA and H&M), which are powerful retailers that integrate the value chain ranging from manufacturing to sales. SPA brands can offer good quality of clothing at a reasonable price by cutting the margin between the supply chain. They are also called fast fashions since they make expedited efforts to respond to market trends and consumers. Despite the slow growth of the fashion industry in Korea, as global SPA brands rapidly expand market share, traditional fashion companies have launched several SPA brands such as MIXXO and SPAO (E-LAND), 8SECONDS (CHEIL INDUSTRIES). The few academic studies on this subject are focused on the analysis of secondary data such as news and books. The current research is qualitative and empirical attempts to explore the success factor of SPA brands with analysis of 1:1 in-depth interviews with experts who have worked for global SPAs such as Uniqlo, H&M, and ZARA, based on the grounded theory. The main phenomenon was shown to be that global SPA brands were popular since they offer a variety of products with a large assortment at reasonable and cheap prices in a large scale and multifunctional retail store. Most of them displayed main phenomena that can be realized due to the purchasing cycle of clothing that is shorter with consumers` regarding clothing as consumables. Global SPA brands had three types of marketing strategy: sellable product, sales strategy according to consumer response, and multifunctional stores. Each global SPA brand developed marketing strategies based on core competency and national conditions. The three success factors shorten the consumer decision making process of clothing. This study concludes with implications for practitioners of SPA brands born in Korea.

Internal purchase process: a study for setting improvement target

Purchasing is an essential activity in every business. A shorter lead time in purchase cycle can lead to competitive advantage and just in time purchases, leading to low inventory requirements at operation locations. The purchase cycle process has two parts, an internal process - purchase request to purchase order release and an external process - supply of material by vendor(s). There are possibilities of delays during the course of the internal process of the purchase cycle and hence needs improvement. In continuous improvement process techniques, a determination of the current process base line, i.e., current operations actual performance and thereupon the improvement goal needs to be identified. This paper presents a case study of a manufacturing industry purchase internal process lead time. This study would benefit purchasing managers/executives to design their purchase process base line and improvement targets, using statistical tools and techniques for an efficient process improvement.

UNDERSTANDING THE MOBILE USER’S PURCHASE-DECISION INVOLVEMENT

With smart devices starting to become truly context-aware and mobile devices establishing themselves within the on-line purchasing cycle we are finding m-commerce becoming more astute to our needs. In our efforts to facilitate this we investigate the relationship between physical and modal contexts and levels of purchase-decision involvement. We aim to increase knowledge and establish methods for increasing the level of engagement of consumers and a specific product. Previous research has shown a positive correlation between purchase-decision involvement and positive-negative user emotions. We aim to extend this by not only demonstrating that different situations can reduce or increase this correlation but that other aspects of affective state are also important when considering the mobile device user. We introduce a new term unfavourable physical situations and explore how environment stressors and level of familiarity with people and environments impact on the user’s purchase-decision involvement. Results demonstrate that extreme situations influence the relationship between different aspects of affective state and show potential in informing context-aware systems for optimising engagement with the consumer’s decision processes.

Customer Relationship Stage and the Use of Picture-Dominant versus Text-Dominant Advertising: A Field Study

This research reports the results of two field experiments designed to help determine what format of email advertising is most effective with customers at different lifecycle stages. The experiments examine customer response to picture-dominant versus text-dominant advertising. Although the relative effectiveness of picture- versus text-dominant advertising has received some attention in previous research, the issue of which type would be most effective at different points in the customer's relationship with the brand and for different metrics has not been explored. The two field experiments were executed by a major fashion retailer that sells clothing and accessories for special events. The first experiment was conducted with prospective customers and focused on advertising for the retailer's primary product, which typically occurs first in the purchase cycle. The second experiment was conducted with customers who had already purchased the primary product and focused on advertising for an accessory typically purchased later in the cycle. The investigation was conducted from a customer relationship management perspective, examining the financial impact of each type of advertisement at different stages in the customer's relationship with the brand. At the aggregate level we find only minor differences in the performance of the picture-dominant versus text-dominant advertisements. However, we find that the retailer can greatly improve revenue by customizing ad format based on observed customer traits.

Designing a collaborative supply-chain plan using the analytic hierarchy process and genetic algorithm with cycle-time estimation

Collaboration management has become a key issue for supply-chain management and can improve the overall production/manufacturing performance and value. This paper aims to conduct collaborative supply-chain planning and establish supplier selection, as well as production and distribution planning. This study uses an Analytic Hierarchy Process with Rough Sets Theory to establish a supplier purchasing value rating system. Also, a cycle-time estimation procedure is developed to effectively estimate the operating time of a collaborative supply chain. Assembly-line balancing technology is also introduced to guarantee smooth production and distribution in a supply chain. A multi-objective optimisation mathematical model, including purchasing value, cost, cycle time, and smoothness index, is constructed to complete the supplier selection and production-distribution planning. To efficiently solve this mathematical model, this paper proposes a genetic algorithm (EctGA) combined with a cycle-time estimation procedure. Finally, it presents a case study for validation. The results show that a better collaborative supply chain plan could be achieved by combining the proposed cycle-time estimation procedure.

Antecedents of customer loyalty: An empirical synthesis and reexamination

Despite the importance of customer loyalty, no comprehensive, empirical work has attempted to assess the general findings across academic studies. The study intends to fill that void by conducting a meta-analysis of empirical findings on the predictors of customer loyalty. Although findings of this study support all the hypothesized main effects, they indicate stronger effect size for trust than for other determinants of loyalty. The study also tests the robustness of previous findings across various research and measurement contexts. The analysis of moderating effects reveals several interesting findings. For instance, attitudinal loyalty measures seem to be a plausible surrogate for behavioral loyalty measures. The effects of customer satisfaction and trust on loyalty are less prominent when products are purchased on a regular and relatively short (as opposed to an irregular and relatively long) purchase cycle. Factors that largely relate to product performance (e.g., satisfaction, quality) have a weaker impact on loyalty in B2B than in B2C settings. Some relationships (e.g., the effect of quality on loyalty) become stronger over time. Furthermore, our results detect consistently weaker effects from studies using single-item (relative to multi-item) loyalty measures.

The Disorder of Things: Hoarding Narratives in Popular Media

In recent years, a rise of mediated popular narratives portrays hoarders as disconnected from normal social life. Hoarders, shown as suffering from both pathological practices of overconsumption and from the inability to complete the normative purchasing cycle of disposal and re-consumption, are commonly linked to discourses of addiction. I analyze how these mediated narratives present hoarders in all the spectacular chaos of their isolation, and then therapeutically renormalize them as managed, rational agents of consumption who may rediscover the social. This paper demonstrates how multiple, transgressive behaviors become unified as a disease through the emergence of a narrative convention.

Closed-form solutions for Wee’s and Martin’s EOQ models with a temporary price discount

In this article, we use closed-form solutions to solve Wee and Yu (1997) deteriorating inventory model with a temporary price discount and Martin’s (1994) EOQ model with a temporary sale price. In Wee and Yu (1997) and Martin’s (1994), the benefits during the temporary price discount purchase cycle are represented by their objective functions. Wee and Yu (1997) and Martin (1994) only used search methods to find approximate solutions. Following the theorems we suggested, you can find closed-form solution directly when there are integer operators involve in an objective function. Using the data of Wee and Yu (1997) and Martin (1994), we can find the results are more quick and more accurate.

INFORMATION AND ADVICE: Innovations and Product Delivery for Financial Services

INA RETAIL SERVICE such as banking, design can be exploited to create personal and ongoing relationships with customers. What Timothy Bachman makes clear is that achieving this objective requires a thorough understanding of the consumer purchase cycle and a creative, interdisciplinary design management response to those needs in the areas of environmental planning, merchandise presentation, and information delivery.

Using copulas to model repeat purchase behaviour – An exploratory analysis via a case study

Abstract We develop a model of the evolution of inter-purchase times for a consumer-packaged product. After the introduction of the product, a consumer waits to make the initial purchase, then either waits to repurchase or decides not to. A repurchasing consumer repeats this decision process. The components of the model are the repurchase probability and the density function of the time to repurchase at each stage of the purchasing cycle. Issues of interest are: the strength of the dependency between successive repurchase times; the number of repeat purchases before stability occurs; the effects of consumer characteristics on inter-purchase times. The model of individual purchasing behaviour can be transformed via simulation to produce sales time series for a given population. As an example, the model is estimated for a product using Australian panel data. The accuracy of the model’s prediction is compared with an existing model.