Punjab State Of India Research Articles

Mapping, monitoring and conservation of Harike wetland ecosystem, Punjab, India, through remote sensing

The Ramsar Convention of IUCN held in 1971 in Iran raised global awareness of the conservation and management of wetlands. Wetlands, the transitional zones that occupy an intermediate position between dryland and open water, regulate the flow of water and nutrients, thereby facilitating optimum functioning of the physical and biological cycles of nature. Harike wetland in the Indian State of Punjab has been declared a wetland of international importance. Thus it is felt necessary to reclaim and develop Harike wetland for its optimum potential use, but a reliable and accurate wetland database is not available. This study aimed at the generation of a database in terms of landuse/landcover, extent of waterspread and its seasonal variation, aquatic vegetation status and turbidity levels of lake water, using multidate satellite data. The threats of the Harike wetland have been identified and adequate measures for its conservation and management suggested.

Economic development, social change and fertility decline in rural Punjab-An empirical study

Punjab state in india has experienced over 40 percent decline in fertility in the last two decades and is undergoing demographic transition. The State is one of the economically developed States of India. It experienced rural transformation as a consequence of successful green revolution. It continues to be an agrarian economy with patriarchal kinship system. Status of women is low, gender inequalities are sharp, female literacy and female work force participation are low and son preference is strong. In the presence of these social realities the decline in fertility particularly in the rural Punjab needs to be explained and understood. Empirical evidence suggests that this decline has taken place because rural women desire and have lesser number of children, practice contraception and try to limit their families. The factors which have contributed to this attitudinal change are rising literacy, rising standards of living, greater exposure to mass media and greater use of modem contraceptive technology. Thus economic development and resultant social change have brought about fertility decline in rural Punjab.

Energy input and yield relations for wheat in different agro-climatic zones of the Punjab

Modern farming has become very energy intensive. Nowadays cropping pattern, farm activities and level of technology define the energy requirements. Energy needs are not only increasing in the agricultural sector, but in all sectors involving human activities. There is a great need to balance the use and availability of energy especially in the agricultural sector, in such a manner, so as not to affect the production adversely. Realising the implications of energy use, a study was carried out on the energy consumption patterns, in different agro-climatic zones, for the wheat crop in the state of Punjab in India. Mathematical relations were fitted to the yield and total energy input. An attempt was also made to optimise the energy inputs using a frontier production function for different agro-climatic zones. Under the present conditions, where irrigation is not assured, there is not much scope for increasing the yield of wheat in zone 1. However a 5.4% increase in yield is expected in zone 2 by providing 26.9% additional energy input through irrigation and the use of a fertiliser. The yield can be increased by 3.2% to 4049 kg/ha from 3922 kg/ha by putting 18.6% more energy input in zone 3. Yield can be increased to 4934 kg/ha (an increase of 13.7%) by an additional energy input of 28.5% in zone 4. On the other hand, the additional energy input of 29.6% gives only 1.3% increase in yield in zone 5. In most cases, the proper placements of seed, irrigation and fertiliser played significant roles in increasing the productivity in addition to some unknown parameters such as soil type and weather conditions.

Studies of the physico-chemical properties and polyphenoloxidase activity in seeds from hybrid sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) varieties grown in India

Physico-chemical properties and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of seven hybrid sunflower varieties commonly grown in Punjab state of India were studied. Seeds were studied for variations in physico-chemical properties, 100 kernel weight, density, bulk density, moisture, hull, oil, protein and ash content; expelled cake was studied for moisture, oil, crude fibre, ash and protein content and expelled-defatted cake for acid detergent fibre, lignin, moisture, ash and protein contents. PPO activity in all varieties, determined using pyrogallol as substrate at pH 6.5, varied between 0.212 and 0.294 Ab/min/mg protein. The PPO enzyme activity for MSFH-8 and Mega-363 was observed to be maximum at 55 and 60°C, respectively. The enzyme showed a K m value between 1.01 and 1.968 mM for pyrogallol and V max value between 0.21 and 2.0 Ab/min. ©

The Punjab legislative assembly elections of February 1997: The BJP's regional road to power?

Since 1984, the Indian state of Punjab has become synonymous with political disorder, violence, and counter‐insurgency. The February 1997 election of a popular state government coalition made up of the Akali Dal (Badal), and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) marks a radical development in the ‘Punjab problem’. As well as providing a popular mandate for the former, a moderate Sikh political party, the elections have created a model for the regional expansion of the Hindu nationalist BJP. Although their alliance initially was tactical and continues to be fraught with tensions, it has significant strategic value for both the Akali Dal (Badal) and the BJP, especially in the latter's policies towards the minorities and its quest to form a stable government at the national level.

A word for all seasons

As the final days of the summer of 1995 unfolded, a remarkable convergence of events emerged. Bombs found near the Arch de Triomphe prompted French security forces to round up Muslims, deport immigrants, and tighten surveillance. General Abacha of Nigeria staged a fake “coup” to justify a brutal crackdown on his political opponents. And Israel extended the authority of its secret service “to use physical force during intimidation” in response to recent terrorist acts (that the group Hamas called “acts of war” but which were instead regarded as “terrorist,” just as had all Palestinian resistance against the Jews before that, and all Jewish resistance to the British before that). Furthermore, a bomb set by rebels in the capital of Kashmir killed 13 and wounded 25; hostages were taken. A bomb killed the top official and 12 others in the Indian state of Punjab, where Sikh militants seek revenge. A bomb exploded in Tblisi, wounding Georgian head of state Eduard Shevardnadze, who had come to power, marked by te...

Date of sowing effects on grain yield and yield components of irrigated spring wheat cultivars and relationships with radiation and temperature in Ludhiana, India

Abstract Date of sowing experiments were established under irrigation in Ludhiana, in the Indian state of Punjab, from 1985 to 1992, using a total of 66 spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and 10 sowing dates. To study interactions among cultivars, sowing dates and years and to estimate losses with delayed sowing for grains m −2 and grain yield, an orthogonal subset of four years, three cultivars (PBW 34, PBW 154 and PBW 226) and seven sowing dates was used. To study the relationship between temperature and radiation, and yield and yield components, the same three cultivars were used with all the available years and sowing dates for each. The optimum sowing dates for yield were 5 November for PBW 34 (long-season) and 15 November for cultivar PBW 154 (medium-season) and PBW 226 (short-season). The combined effect of pre-heading radiation and temperature, referred to as the photothermal quotient (PTQ), was a better predictor of grains m −2 than was either variable alone. The sole effect of post-heading temperature was the best preditor of individual kernel weight. Yield and grains m −2 were maximized for all cultivars when exposed to the highest PTQ between 20 days before to 10 days after heading. Hence, the optimum heading date was the same for all three cultivars and, for the years studied, was in mid-February. After the optimum sowing date, there was a 0.8, 0.7 and 0.7% day − yield reduction for PBW 34, PBW 154 and PBW 226, respectively. The optimum heading date is earlier than observed for several other important areas of irrigated spring wheat. This may be explained by the rapid increase in temperature from February onwards at Ludhiana. We discuss the use of PTQ and temperature to determine optimum heading dates and, therefore, sowing dates for different cultivars.

Indo-Canadian Families Historical Constraints and Contemporary Contradictions

Immigrants from India arrived in Canada circa 1900. About 95 percent of early immigrants came from the Punjab State of India and were of the Sikh religion. Their entry into Canada, as well as their stay in Canada, were controlled by various immigration policies and social, economic, and political constraints. This paper examines historical conditions, structural constraints, and the Canadian immigration policies which shaped the Indo-Canadian families in Canada. The main role of the family is to produce and reproduce labour for the capitalist system. The family is also the place where individuals are socialized, protected, and supported as they adapt to external constraints. The main focus of the paper is to understand the structure, function, and contradictions in the institution of the family in regard to historical conditions and contemporary social, political, and economic forces.

Erythrocyte enzyme polymorphisms in the Kamboh caste of Patiala, Punjab.

Data are presented on six erythrocyte enzyme polymorphisms (ADA, GLO I, EsD, AK, AP, GPI) in the Kamboh, a scheduled caste inhabiting the Patiala district of the Indian state of Punjab. With their high ADA2 (18.5%), Pa (42.5%) and GPI3 (5.3%) and a rather low GLO1 (18.8%) frequencies, the Kamboh differ from all other populations of Punjab.

How economic development can overcome culture: Demographic change in Punjab, India

This paper looks at the recent declines in fertility and mortality that have occurred in the state of Punjab in India and examines the evidence on the proposition that these have resulted from changes in the sociocultural structure of Punjab - especially those aspects of this structure which influence levels of female status. The article concludes that in fact rates of birth and death (especially at the older ages) have fallen in spite of the persistence of cultural norms and practices that limit female autonomy and that should therefore theoretically favour high fertility and mortality. It is suggested that at this stage of the state's demographic transition it might be more useful to look for causes in the relatively remarkable economic prosperity that the area has witnessed in the last two decades.

Parents' and Teachers' Attitudes and Reactions toward Participation in Sports by Young Athletes of a University in an Indian State

Research interest in the study of sociology of sport in India is very recent. Data for the study were collected through a pretested questionnaire distributed to 200 sports participants (100 male and 100 female) coming from the student population of the University of the Punjab State in India in 1984. The hypothesis that parents encourage their sons more than their daughters to participate in sports was not verified. The study revealed that it was the sportswomen who were given more encouragement. The hypothesis that teachers and coaches encourage their male students more than their female students was also not substantiated; quite to the contrary, the female students were given more encouragement. In our study the parents of sportswomen were better educated than those of the sportsmen; a large percentage of the parents of sportsmen was illiterate.

Physiologic Specialization of Loose Smut of Wheat in the Punjab State of India

Physiologic Specialization of Loose Smut of Wheat in the Punjab State of India

EXPLANATION, PREDICTION AND PROBLEM‐SOLVING IN SOCIAL SYSTEMS: A SOCIAL CYBERNETIC ANALYSIS OF ETHNIC TENSIONS IN NATIONAL SOCIETIES (Part 2)

The second part of this paper briefly discusses the nature of analysis for problem‐solving and verifiable predictive inferences based on the multi‐loop model. Themes of empirical research and validation are outlined in this context. Cybernetic model of the dynamics of ethnic tensions is briefly illustrated with reference to the problem of Hindu‐Sikh tensions in the northern Indian state of Punjab. Examples of predictive inferences are given.

Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Marriage Distance in Two Sikh Villages of Punjab

The spatial aspects of marriage in two Sikh villages in the Indian state of Punjab are investigated with the findings compared to earlier sudies in other parts of India. One village had experienced the Green Revolution, hut the second had not. A radius of roughly 25 miles demarcates the limit of over 80% of marriage interaction in both villages, and a “crater effect” was observed in the distance decay of marriages. An expansion of the marriage field had taken place in the village influenced by Green Revolution changes, whereas no similar change occurred in the village practicing traditional agriculture. Both the extent of the marriage field and the variations in the intensity of marriage links within the field were affected by socio-economic factors including level of education, caste and extent of land ownership.

Poverty, inequality and economic growth: Rural Punjab, 1960/61 ‐1970/1971

The paper reports some of the findings of an empirical study for Punjab state in India of changes in poverty and inequality over the decade of the sixties. The period was one that saw rapid technological progress in the region, especially in the rural sector to which the study is addressed. Poverty is measured by the percentage of the population living below a poverty line constructed specifically for the region using linear programming techniques. The study is based on primary data collected from the consumer expenditure and land‐holding surveys of the National Sample Survey. All results are subjected to tests of statistical significance.

Purple blotch disease of onion in punjab

Purple blotch disease of onion is a serious trouble in onion-producing countries of the world. In the Punjab State of India, a number of fields have been observed totally destroyed by this disease. Field trials with eleven different fungicides, to check this disease, have indicated that Bordeaux mixture (4:4:50) is the best spray for controlling this disease in the Punjab, and onion variety 53–5 is a potential source for evolving resistant varieties.

Quality of Education and Socio-Economic Development

Previous articleNext article No AccessSymposium on Education and DevelopmentQuality of Education and Socio-Economic DevelopmentHéctor CorreaHéctor Correa Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 8, Number 1Jun., 1964 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/445027 Views: 9Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Neeraj Kumar, Pooja Choudhary, Anees Ahmad, Swapnarag Swain, Pankaj Kumar Singh Examining the factor structure of quality of technical education: evidence from Punjab state of India, Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 1 (Sep 2021).https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-05-2020-0120Donald P. Sanders, Peter S. Barth Chapter II: Education and Economic Development, Review of Educational Research 38, no.33 (Jun 2016): 213–230.https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543038003213

The Development of Technical Education

Previous articleNext article FreeThe Development of Technical EducationJames P. HaneyJames P. Haney Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 8, Number 1Sep., 1907 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/453682 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in The Elementary School Teacher (1902-1914), which is continued by The Elementary School Journal (1914-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Neeraj Kumar, Pooja Choudhary, Anees Ahmad, Swapnarag Swain, Pankaj Kumar Singh Examining the factor structure of quality of technical education: evidence from Punjab state of India, Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 1 (Sep 2021).https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-05-2020-0120