Indonesian Public Universities Research Articles

Exploring Chemistry Teacher’s TPCK in Rasch Model: A Point of View from Difference of Teaching Stage, Gender, and Ages.

Teachers should have different knowledge types including technological, pedagogical, and content to realize effective learning in the digital era. Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPCK) is a framework that explains these knowledge types and the interactions between them. It is considered to enable chemistry teachers’ multifaceted teaching. Coping, for this reason, a study to examine chemistry teachers’ level of TPCK is needed. This paper reports the level of chemistry teacher’s TPCK and their perception in terms of teaching stage, gender, and age. The study involved fifty-three students of chemistry education in a public university in Indonesia. A quantitative method was applied to explore their perspective on TPCK. Data were collected through surveys and interviews. The findings showed that the majority of chemistry teachers’ TPCK skills are currently good. They integrate technology into their teaching while conducting online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of teaching stage, age, and gender, provide deep insight into seven indicators of TPCK. However, some indicators still need to be improved, so a TPCK training program for individuals or centralized individuals should be added to the chemistry department program.

Modeling of Distance Learners’ Retention Using Mixed-Model on Non-Proportional Hazard

Universitas Terbuka is a public university in Indonesia that implements an open-distance education system. The quality and success of higher education in Indonesia are indicated by the gross enrolment rate (GER). Modelling student retention is one indicator of the value of the GER. The chances of distance learners’ retention in a certain period can be determined through survival analysis, namely the “Cox model” or “Cox proportional hazard model”. The limitations of the Cox model pose new problems in modelling that involve more than two types of covariates and the presence of random effects. The problem that arises is the non-proportional hazard. The cause of non-proportional hazard is time-dependent covariates, so that individual risk changes over time. Another reason is the presence of random effects, both observed and unobserved. In this model, there are two random effects, namely, the unobserved random effect and the observed random effect. Thus, the model is called the mixed effect model of non-proportional hazard. Based on the characteristics of the covariates observed, appropriate survival analysis for modelling distance learners’ retention is a mixed model on the non-proportional hazard. The covariates involved in very complex modelling include time-independent covariates, time-dependent covariates, and unobserved random effects. The results of the analysis with the mixed model on non-proportional hazard showed that the covariates that significantly affected the distance learner’s retention were: educational background, age, grade point average, marital status, scholarship, independent learning culture, number of credits taken, and number of courses taken each semester.

The Impact of Self-efficacy Towards Speaking Performance

This present study is an associational study that employed simple linear regression model. There were two variables in this study such as self-efficacy as the independent variable while speaking performance as the dependent one. This study was conducted at a public university in Indonesia. The subjects recruited were 75 students. The data were collected by administering a self-efficacy questionnaire which contains 28 items. The data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS program. The results show that mostly, the students had average and high category of SE as shown by 22.7% and 38.7% respectively. Moreover, it was found that F (1, 72) = 17.950, p < 0.001. It means that statistically there was an impact of students’ self-efficacy toward students’ speaking performance. Based on the aforementioned results, it can be concluded that the students had good potential to enhance their speaking skills and their SE had significant contribution to their speaking performance.

Antecedent of Knowledge of Fatwa, Coronavirus, and Family Factors on Student Compliance with Social Distancing Policies to Reduce the Negative Impact of Covid-19 in Indonesia

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of knowledge of fatwa, the knowledge of coronavirus disease, and family factors on student compliance with social distancing policies to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. This study was quantitative and the data were collected through questionnaires distributed via google forms. The data were collected from 426 respondents who were students of private and public Universities in Indonesia. The tool of analysis used in this study was the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, a variance-based structural equation analysis (SEM) that can simultaneously perform the measurement and structural model testing. The study found that there was a significant influence of the family factors on the compliance of students with social distancing policies. While there was no significant influence of the knowledge of fatwa and Covid-19 variables on student compliance with social distancing. The results of this study contribute to enriching the discourse of the role of religious and social factors on student compliance with social distancing policy to reduce the spread of Covid-19

Online Learning Readiness, Motivation, and English Learning Achievement in Higher Education

The present study aimed at investigating the correlations between online learning readiness (OLR) and motivation (M) toward English learning achievement (ELA). The study employed a correlational design by gathering quantitative data from 35 first-semester students at the English Education Department at a public university in Indonesia. The data were collected by distributing the OLR questionnaire, which was adapted from the Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS) developed by Hung et al. (2010), administering a motivation questionnaire adapted from Gardner’s (2004) Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB), and documenting the students’ midterm test scores, which represented their ELA. The researchers used Pearson product-moment correlation reliability to identify how well the test items correlated with the other variables. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 23 version. The result shows that the students exhibited OLR in “ready” level and “very high” motivation level to learn at the time of the research implementation. Both OLR and motivation had positive correlations with students’ ELA. OLR was strongly correlated to ELA with r=0.647 (sig.=0.000). Meanwhile, motivation had a lower Pearson correlation score (r=0.497, sig.=0.002) that showed a moderate correlation toward ELA. Hence, OLR contributed more to ELA than motivation.

Correlation between Pro-Environmental Behavior and Environmental Values of Female Pre-Service Science Teachers in Indonesia

In contrast with the global trend of male domination in science and technology, Indonesia’s pre-service science teacher program is widely attracted to female students. This study aims to investigate the correlations between pre-service science teachers’ pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) and values toward the environment through one-time cross-sectional survey studies. Information was collected from a sample of the predetermined population at one point, followed by correlational studies designed to explore the correlations between the variables under study. The questionnaire consists of three aspects of PEB (preservation, utilization, and appreciation) and four aspects of value (biospheric, altruistic, egoistic, and hedonic). A total of 273 female pre-service science teachers enrolling in four public universities in Indonesia participated through an online questionnaire. The purposive sampling method was chosen to constitute the sample of this study. In order to analyze the data collected, descriptive statistics and correlation tests were utilized. According to the results, it can be concluded that pre-service science teachers held good environmental behaviors and values. The aspects of preservation and appreciation have a positive correlation, while utilization is negative. The four aspects of value are all at high levels, as is their correlation. This result indicates that female pre-service science teachers have positive behavior and value toward the environment. Moreover, the pre-service science teacher program should encourage understanding and behavior toward the environment to prepare future science lessons more aligned with the environment.

Entrepreneurship education, family entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention among students in Indonesia

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurship education and students’ intentions and tests for moderating effects of students’ perceived experience and family entrepreneurial orientation, which may strengthen or weaken the effect of entrepreneurship education on intention.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a questionnaire from 584 students in the vocational program at an Indonesian public university. Entrepreneurship education was measured using instruments by Walter and Block (2016) that evaluated the entrepreneurship education provided by faculty. Entrepreneurial intention used a measurement by Vamvaka (2020), which measured students’ choice of intention, entrepreneurial career commitment and nascent entrepreneurship.FindingsEntrepreneurship education has a positive association with students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The results also evidence higher entrepreneurial intention levels in students from families oriented toward and experienced in entrepreneurship. The results also reveal that student experience and having friends who become entrepreneurs reduce entrepreneurial intention, but the difference is not statistically significant.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this survey is that it was drawn from a single university in Indonesia with only domestic students, whilst the study was also designed cross-sectional. Therefore, the generalisability of the results is still limited. This study uses a single item for measuring friends and own influences, which only measure personal experiences. A more multidimensional measure of family, friends and own influence can be further developed to gain more robust results supporting these findings.Practical implicationsThe study contributes to understanding the role of family-related variables, particularly family entrepreneurial orientation and experiences, on the development of entrepreneurship education and intention in emerging global market forces. Through family engagement in entrepreneurship education, a family can boost students’ entrepreneurial intention by delivering various capitals (e.g. business value, financial and social capital) and providing practical learning. The results imply the necessity to conduct new subjects, courses or university programmes that can include family-related business in entrepreneurship education.Originality/valueDespite the expansion of research related to entrepreneurship education and intention, the relationships between perceived experience, family entrepreneurial orientation and students’ entrepreneurial intentions have not been adequately studied, particularly in Indonesia. This work contributes to the existing knowledge of entrepreneurship education by providing two moderator variables that may boost entrepreneurial intention: perceived experience and family entrepreneurial orientation. This work demonstrated how perceived experience and family orientation interact with entrepreneurship education and intention.

The Effects of Social-Withdrawal Characteristics Among Older Academics: An Indonesian Case Study

Indonesia, the world’s fourth-most populous country, sees a significant increase in its aging population each year. This demographic shift is reflected in the country’s public higher-education sector, where the number of older academics has been growing substantially in recent years. However, older people’s social participation is often limited due to certain forms of withdrawal, such as shyness, avoidance, and unsociability. This research report aims to explore the impact that these social-withdrawal characteristics among older people may have on data collection and policy-formulation processes in public universities in Indonesia. To gather data for this study, an online questionnaire was employed. The results of this study suggest that older people’s social-withdrawal characteristics can have two effects. First, older individuals are often reluctant to participate in research, particularly as online questionnaire respondents, which can result in a lower response rate. Second, our study found that most older academic staff were unwilling to request or demand specific services or facilities from university administration, making decision-makers unaware of the needs of their older staff and aging issues in general. As a consequence, university administration may not consider instituting an aging policy at their institution, as they believe that older workers do not require special attention. This lack of awareness can have serious implications for the well-being of older academic staff and the overall effectiveness of university policies.

Relationship between Biology Education Students' Learning Period and Grade Point Average (GPA)

The grade point average (GPA) is the value obtained by students cumulatively from the beginning to the end of the semester. To get a high GPA, students must study hard. Learning period is not a guarantee of getting a high GPA. The problem that is now happening is how students use learning time effectively so that their learning results are maximized. This research aimed to know the relationship between the learning period and GPA. The type of research used is quantitative correlational research to know the relationship between the learning period and GPA. The subjects in this study were 33 students at the fifth semester in the Department of Biology Education at a public university in Indonesia. The research implementation phase included data collection, data analysis, and conclusion. The results of the simple correlation test analysis of Spearmann Correlation Kendall's tau-b show that r count r table (0.139 0.442) on the Kendall's tau-b test, r count r table (0.168 0.442) on the Spearmann rho test, and the R-value is 19.1 which states that the relationship between the learning period and GPA results is low. This study concludes that there is no relationship between the learning period and the grade point average (GPA) of the biology education students. The absence of this relationship can be influenced by several factors, such as school factors, family factors, the inability to determine the priority scale of planned activities, as well as factors of interest and motivation to learn.

STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS TRANSLANGUAGING STRATEGIES IN INDONESIAN ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION CLASSROOMS

This quantitative investigation delves into the employment of translanguaging strategies within classrooms of an English education study program at an Indonesian public university. As an emerging pedagogical approach in bilingual and multilingual educational settings, translanguaging encompasses the dynamic utilization of students' linguistic repertoires to bolster learning and communication. This study seeks to explore students' attitudes towards the enactment of translanguaging during their presentation and discussion sessions and assess its potential impact on their learning experiences. A purposive sample of 50 second and third-year undergraduate students majoring in English language education study, actively engaged in translanguaging practices during presentations and discussions, was selected for this study. Data collection entailed administering a survey questionnaire comprising Likert scale items formulated to evaluate students' attitudes towards translanguaging. The gathered data were analyzed employing descriptive statistical techniques. The findings reveal that participants exhibit a favorable attitude towards the practice of translanguaging in their presentation and discussion sessions. Students reported that translanguaging amplified their comprehension of subject matter, facilitated communication with peers, and cultivated a more inclusive and diverse learning environment. The study's results suggest that integrating translanguaging strategies within English education study program classrooms can positively impact students' learning experiences and foster a constructive attitude towards linguistic diversity. Further inquiry is recommended to probe the enduring effects of translanguaging practices on students' language competence and scholastic achievements, in addition to examining potential impediments and obstacles to implementing translanguaging across various educational contexts.

Evaluating Distributive Fairness of Remuneration System: The Role of Equity Sensitivity in Explaining Employee Well-being and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

This study aims to test the effect of remuneration system fairness on subjective well-being and OCB. This research also aims to test the moderating role of equity sensitivity in the effect of remuneration system fairness on subjective well-being. The technique of sample collection employed purposive sampling technique. The hypothesis testing employed path coefficient value and t-test using SmartPLS 3.0. In accordance with the test results show that in the context of public universities in Indonesia, namely PU, employee OCB is influenced by the remuneration system variable and subjective welfare variable. This study also concludes that subjective well-being is a mediator between the two. On the other hand, the moderating role of equity sensitivity in the effect of fairness remuneration on subjective well-being is not well-proven. Theoretically, this research provides generalization to the previous studies, as well as complementing the need for balancing mediator and moderator variables in the correlation between remuneration system fairness and OCB. Practically, this study denotes that organizations need to take concern about fairness in the regulations of remuneration system.

Efficiency in Indonesian Higher Education: Different Governance Leads to Different Performance

This study aims to analyze cost efficiency’s performance when producing university outputs from 45 public universities in Indonesia. A stochastic cost frontier multiproduct with six key performance indicators and annual public spending was used as the output and input for the analysis. This study finds that cost efficiency’s score is high, compared to one in a previous study. Higher education using the Public Service Agency management pattern has the highest efficiency score compared to establishments with Work Unit and Legal Entity management patterns. This study has several implications; first, the need for effective management patterns; second, the re-evaluation of the privatization policy; and third, improvement in education’s output or input.

An Indonesian Adaptation of The Students’ Preparedness for University e-Learning Environment Questionnaire

Although most students are digital natives, online learning requires different skills as compared to conventional face-to-face learning. This paper aims to adapt and test the reliability and validity of the Students’ Preparedness for the University e-Learning Environment questionnaire developed by Parkes et al. into Bahasa Indonesia. The original questionnaire covers a wide range of competencies relevant to e-learning preparedness for university e-learning environments in three dimensions. Prior to reliability and validity checking, pilot testing is conducted to test the unidimesionality of the instrument and the rating scale. An item-match analysis test is also carried out to observe the suitability of each item. Then, the final version of the questionnaire is administered to a large representative sample of respondents for whom the questionnaire is intended. The results show that, with a total of 1446 students from a public university in Indonesia as respondents, the adapted questionnaire is valid and reliable.

Diverse views on supervision: Insights from interviews with EAL supervisors in Sweden and Indonesia

Literature on thesis supervision emphasises collaborative approaches with strong and supportive relationships. Despite an increasing research interest in supervisory relationships, little cross-cultural research has been conducted on supervisory roles and relationships in expanding circle countries. This study explores how thesis supervisors negotiate different roles and relationships in supervision in English as an Additional Language (EAL) contexts. A multi-case study was employed in three contexts: a Swedish university, two Indonesian private universities, and an Indonesian public university. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fourteen thesis supervisors. Thematic analysis and systemic-functional appraisal theory were used to analyse the discourse. Our findings revealed that supervisors expressed dealing with (a)symmetrical relationships with students and colleagues, dealing with different supervision roles, and managing priorities relating to intellectual development and instrumental goals. However, these dimensions of supervision were described differently in the three contexts. The Swedish supervisors expressed concerns about having weak authority; meanwhile, the Indonesian private supervisors described frustrated attempts to form a closer relationship with the students, whereas the Indonesian public supervisors reacted to students trying to become too familiar. Furthermore, supervisors in the three contexts had to take different unwanted roles in supervision. The article concludes with implications for understanding situated aspects of supervision.

THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE USE OF MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH DUOLINGO IN IMPROVING VOCABULARY MASTERY AT THE TERTIARY LEVEL

The use of Duolingo as one of free online applications by students in learning English is essential. More studies on Duolingo app were conducted. However, in the context of university students of Indonesia in improving vocabulary mastery in the online learning setting, this current study was rare. This research was aimed to investigate the students’ perceptions on Mobile-Assisted Language Learning through Duolingo Apps to improve vocabulary mastery. The research used a mixed method. There were 95 undergraduate students from some private and public universities in Indonesia. Online questionnaire and semi-structure interview were conducted to collect the data. The finding revealed that Duolingo apps improved the students’ vocabulary mastery in their English learning. It is then recommended that Duolingo be used for EFL and non-EFL students in the university to increase their English proficiency, mainly in vocabulary mastery as it is simple, easy to use, and available to access. In addition, it provides interesting and informative features. Therefore, it implies that Duolingo promotes the students’ willingness and motivations to practice English better.

Work from home: A behavioral model of Indonesian education workers' productivity during Covid-19

Although it is not a new phenomenon, many present employees have not previously encountered it. The Covid-19 outbreak has turned the concept of Work from Home (WFH) into a legally regulated and severely enforced norm, which is now in effect. This idea is vital for developing practical organizational policies and procedures in the future in specific educational sectors pertinent to academics. The effectiveness of an individual’s ability to cope with WFH was evaluated using a theoretical framework created to measure productivity. The model was evaluated on individuals from a top-ranking public university in Indonesia, chosen as the target population. A total number of 556 respondents responded to the survey questionnaire. AMOS was used to analyze statistical responses related to job crafting, work stress, organizational support, boredom, work engagement, productivity, and mental health. The structural equation analysis, also known as the SEM, was used for this work’s measurement model. The findings revealed that the productive conduct of teaching teachers and staff played a substantial role in the success of the work-from-home situation. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that the indicators used to measure productive behavior while working from home are accurate. As a result, the hypothesis has been proven correct. The study’s ecological implications are explained in the relevant sections of this paper.

An Online Physics Laboratory Delivered Through Live Broadcasting Media: A COVID-19 Teaching Experience

The COVID-19 pandemic has constituted a sudden educational transformation around the world. It has disrupted instructors, including physics educators, forcing them to adjust to remote teaching. The hands-on laboratory, one of the components of physics instruction, has also had to rapidly go online in all branches of this science, including nuclear physics. In this study, live broadcasting media was designed to conduct a remote nuclear physics laboratory. We then evaluated the immediate impact of this new mode of lab instruction on students’ learning and attitude toward this type of instruction. Fifty-nine 3rd-year physics students at a public university in Indonesia participated in this study. The effectiveness of instruction was examined by analyzing both weekly reports and open-ended responses about students’ learning experiences. In summary, it was evident that live broadcasting media was an effective way to conduct an online nuclear physics laboratory. Accordingly, students’ attitudes demonstrated constructive behaviors about their remote laboratorial experiences. Our findings imply that online platforms are one way to offer the physics laboratory during unanticipated transitions such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Students’ preference for a hands-on laboratory and the technical issues reported during the broadcasting session should be further examined to help design a remote nuclear physics laboratory that is even more accessible and enjoyable.

Improving preservice chemistry teachers’ critical thinking and science process skills using research-oriented collaborative inquiry learning

This research aims to enhance preservice teachers’ critical thinking and science process skills using Research-Oriented Collaborative Inquiry Learning (REORCILEA). Sixty-four preservice chemistry teachers attended the General Chemistry course over 8 weeks in an Indonesian public university. In a quasi-experimental design, two intact classes were randomly assigned as the experimental and control groups. The Rubric for Critical Thinking Skills, the Observation Checklist for Science Process Skills, and a semi-structured interview protocol were used as data collection tools. Quantitative data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test and paired samples t-test, while the results of semi-structured interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the t-test revealed that the REORCILEA was found more effective than the expository teaching model in fostering students’ critical thinking and science process skills. The results of the interviews also indicated that experimental group students had a more positive perception of REORCILEA. Regarding these findings, instructors are recommended to apply the REORCILEA model in order to promote students’ critical thinking, science process skills, and motivation to learn in STEM-related courses.

Ambidextrous Lecturer: The Dualism Phenomena of Lecturer Role as a Scientist and an Academic Entrepreneur in Indonesian Universities

This study is to investigate the academic entrepreneurship in Indonesia from an ambidexterity perspective. The aim of this research is to analyze the academic entrepreneurship in Indonesia from an ambidexterity perspective. This study utilized the theory of ambidexterity by Birkinshaw and Gibson, particularly contextual ambidexterity and employed a quantitative methodology with surveyed 155 lecturers from Public Universities in Indonesia using online questionnaire. Employing SPSS as a data processing method, the results show a significant number of lecturers who desire to become academic entrepreneurs, but a smaller percentage of lecturers who actively seek more information about academic entrepreneurs. This result indicate the gap between intention to become academic entrepreneur and the behavior as academic entrepreneur. Tests of statistical result also indicate that personal networking and the personal capabilities of lecturers have a significant impact on academic entrepreneurship. However, partial testing shows the affect of personal networking is not significant.

Students’ Performance Prediction in Higher Education During COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Recurrent Forecasting and Singular Spectrum Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic is a virus that is changing habits in human life worldwide. The COVID-19 outbreaks in Indonesia have forced educational activities such as teaching and learning to be conducted online. Teaching and learning activities using the online method are familiar, but the effectiveness of this method still needs to be investigated to be applied in all educational systems. This study used the predictive modeling of Recurrent Forecasting (RF) derived from Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) to know the online learning method's practicality on the student's academic performance. The fundamental notion of the predictive fusion model is to improve the effectiveness of several forms of forecast models in SSA by employing a fusion method of two parameters, a window length (L), and a number of leading components (r). This study used undergraduate students' grade point averages (GPA) from a public university in Indonesia through online classes during the COVID-19 epidemic. The experiments unveiled that a parameter of L = 14 ( ) yielded the finest prediction using the RF-SSA model with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.20. Such a finding signified the ability of the RF-SSA to project the students' academic performance according to the GPA for the forthcoming semester. Nonetheless, developing the RF-SSA algorithm for greater effectiveness is essential to acquiring more datasets, such as by gathering a bigger group of respondents from several Indonesian universities.