Provision Of Public Transport Services Research Articles

Service failure is bound to happen: Unraveling the impact of dissatisfaction, complaint behavior and re-travel intention in travel and tourism industry

Service failure is bound to happen, but dissatisfaction has always been undermined by scholars previously. The present study investigates dissatisfaction factors in travel decision-making leading towards re-travel intention with the help of the expectancy disconfirmation theory (EDT) model. Moreover, complaint behavior mediates the relationship between dissatisfaction and re-travel intention concerning the factors involved in it. For the findings, 434 real-time responses were collected through an offline survey following the lifetime value (LTV) approach. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett's tests were conducted to test the sphericity of the variables one by one. Furthermore, structural equation modeling (SEM) was implied to test the measurement and structural models. All the hypotheses supported and accepted the proposed research questions. The findings reveal that the dissatisfaction factors, with their interaction terms (transaction-based and experience-based), help study the variable dissatisfaction and its multifaceted concept in travel and tourism literature. Moreover, complaint behavior is identified as a key mediating factor in the relationship between dissatisfaction and re-travel intention, suggesting that commuters' response to dissatisfaction, including complaints, shapes their future re-travel intentions. The theoretical implications of the study are substantial, as it advances our understanding of commuter behavior in the context of public transport travel and tourism. Practically, the findings offer actionable insights for public transport authorities and service providers. Understanding the specific dissatisfaction factors influencing re-travel intention allows for targeted interventions to improve service quality and customer experience. Recognizing the importance of effective complaint management systems can help organizations better address customer grievances and mitigate the negative effects of dissatisfaction on re-travel intention.

Enhancing public transport use: The influence of soft pull interventions

Public transport (PT) success depends on targeted interventions, ranging first from push measures that discourage car use to pull measures that encourage PT use, and second from hard measures that intervene at physical infrastructures to soft measures that intervene at psychological elements of individuals' behaviors. Focusing on soft-pull policy measures, and through a scoping review of 36 publications, we categorize these measures into three overarching groups: 1) Internally motivating strategies that gradually but firmly instill pro-sustainability attitudes and norms in people's mind; 2) Satisfaction increasing strategies that primarily help retain current users especially those who feel forced to use PT and secondary attract new riders by improving the service factors and modifying travelers' inaccurate perceptions of the service; 3) Stimulating PT-use and car-habit disrupting strategies such as attractive incentives and tailored information that encourage auto-drivers to give PT a try and break their car-habit. This review provides an analytical evaluation of each approach, offering recommendations for policy makers and PT service providers, along with identifying research gaps and suggesting future research directions.

“God, whatever you do, don't tell people it's unsafe”: Public transport service providers' perspectives on women's safety from sexual violence on public transport

In Australia, one in two women have experienced sexual harassment in their lifetime and one in five women has experienced sexual violence since the age of 15. Public facing organizations, such as public transport providers, have a role to play in providing safe environments and preventing violence.Our study examined the experiences and views of those working in public transport delivery organizations about the organizational challenges and opportunities to provide safe transport for women. Using Normalization Process Theory (NPT), our analysis of 19 semi-structured in-depth interviews with stakeholders focused on three key areas: making sense of safety of women on public transport; working towards women's safety on public transport; and monitoring the progress of safety initiatives.We found that public transport is delivered by multiple stakeholders, with individual and combined organizational and relational complexity. Participants highlighted the importance of leadership and the need for an overarching strategy for women's safety. Macro-level organizational and environmental barriers to implementing safety initiatives include a lack of proactive, consistent, and collaborative approaches. Differing understandings of what women's safety means can lead to conflicting strategies among organizations, but there are opportunities to develop and integrate enhanced and conceptually consistent training and policies in response to women's safety. At the micro-level, providers recognize the need to prioritize safety for women across public transport. Our findings indicate key opportunities to inform the development of interventions and policies for public transport, and public facing organizations more broadly, to provide for and sustain women's safety.

Satisfaction measurement in the sustainable public transport of Budapest

The study examines to what extend the public transport users are satisfied with the service in Budapest. The unrepresentative survey was carried out electronically. The study was meant to be the starting point for the next milestone of the research in which, by using the results of this study and assessing the relative significance of the most important factors, we can make proposals for the decision makers for specific intervention points. Furthermore, this article, as part of a doctoral thesis of one of the discoursers aims to provide assistance to create an assessment system for the public transport service providers. For today we already know that a sustainable metropolis can only exist with sustainable public transport and a fundamental condition for this is that the number of passengers must not fall. It needs investments like any other sectors economic sectors and the first step is to be aware of the expectation of users – here passengers –, which are the most crucial factors, what are the most important factors that make them choose public transport, and what are the factors that make them turn to other transport alternatives because of their absence or low quality. The research results show that respondents consider the following factors to be important: cleanliness and equipment of vehicles and stops, frequency of vehicles and their correspondence to the timetable, passenger information and barrier-free accessibility.

COVID-19 and Public Transport in Auckland, New Zealand: Investigating Vulnerable Population Groups’ Ridership Behavior

Public transit ridership was severely affected during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and the effects have continued since. The present study examines changes to ridership immediately post-pandemic in 2021. Research investigating the effects of COVID-19 on disadvantaged population groups is limited and the present study addresses this knowledge gap. Ridership of socially-disadvantaged groups such as low-income, female, and ethnic minority people is examined using order logit regression models. The study uses data from an online travel survey conducted in Auckland, New Zealand, immediately after all COVID-19-related restrictions were lifted. This allowed the collection of revealed preference data for the post-pandemic period. The regression models included the effects of socio-demographic characteristics of individual riders, travel attributes, and built environment factors. Findings suggest that those with lower income and from an ethnic minority group are likely to continue using transit frequently post-pandemic. Younger riders from the ethnic minority group are less likely to use transit frequently, while pre-COVID-19 they were more likely. Access to transit stops near home and work are significant factors for the ethnic minority group. Higher land use mix near the residence and work locations are found to induce more transit trips for all. It is critical for transit agencies to understand how the usage has evolved post-pandemic. These findings highlight the importance of considering the effects of the pandemic on different disadvantaged groups. Public transport service providers are encouraged to consider equity as they develop strategies to improve transit ridership.

Infrastructure development recommendation for traditional market to promote economic growth: A case study of Landungsari traditional market

The Landungsari Traditional Market is intended to serve as a major economic engine for the local area. This community service aims to assist in assessing the conditions of infrastructure and facilities in the Traditional Market of Landungsari since the availability and quality of infrastructure and facilities play a significant role in supporting the sustainable growth of the traditional market. The factors in question include the physical state of the buildings, the availability of utility infrastructure, the availability of essential public facilities, and the market’s accessibility. The study's findings were presented as suggestions for infrastructure improvement that could be used as a guide for the local government to further enhance the market's physical features. Visual assessment revealed that while the market's structure is generally in good condition, several of its components require maintenance and repair. This market needs to make improvements in terms of utility systems since it only satisfies around 25% of the standard requirements. Furthermore, as only 71% of the market's essential public facilities have been provided, additional facility development was necessary. Even though the market's building and facilities have been given adequate access, it is recommended to perform improvements in terms of wider market aisles, the addition of wheelchair-accessible pathways, and the provision of public transportation services to achieve a higher level of market accessibility.

Inclusivity of ICT Based Solutions to Public Transportation Problems: Challenges and Opportunities for Bloemfontein

Promoting information and communication technologies as mobility and transportation accessibility solutions in efforts to achieve sustainable transportation excludes socioeconomic vulnerability. ICT-related efforts do not meet the mobility and accessibility needs of every single group in society, resulting in socioeconomic exclusion for specific groups of people. Social exclusion disadvantages vulnerable social groups in society's mobility, while limited mobility reduces access to activities for disadvantaged groups; travel for job hunting, education, work, and health facilities further increases these groups' physical isolation. The need to travel for activities, services, and basic goods for human consumption such as food, water, and medication must be addressed by developing inclusive transportation systems. Through tele-activities, e-payments, security and surveillance, among other components adaptable to travel and mobility, technological solutions have been at the forefront of prescriptions to transportation problems. However, they remain inaccessible to some of society. The study investigates whether inclusive, sustainable public transportation can be fully realized in developing countries by utilizing technology-based travel behavior solutions. It also investigates the effectiveness of ICT solutions to travel, mobility, and accessibility issues in a South African city with a relatively traditional public transportation system. The study considers socioeconomic travel processes as well as travel behavior constructs to inclusivity in order to weigh the prospects of equitable provision of ICT-enabled public transportation services in the developing world. This study discovered that travelers have smartphone access; however, the purposes of smartphones are not directly related to travel and transportation. Furthermore, public transportation service providers do not have an online presence. Overall, for ICT-enabled public transportation to thrive in developing countries, accessible technologies such as calls and SMS that do not require internet access must be considered.

Logistics Industry ReadinessInApplication Policy Over Dimension Overloading (ODOL)

The existence of vehicles with excess loads and dimensions or called ODOL is a problem that public transport service providers often face. The author compiled this paper to find out indicators of the readiness of the logistics industry in supporting the Zero ODOL policy which will become effective in January 2023. By definition, overload is a condition when a vehicle carries a load that exceeds the specified load limit. While overdimension is a condition when the dimensions of the vehicle carrier do not match production standards and regulatory provisions. This study is a type of qualitative research with a discussion model in the form of data descriptions in verbal form. The data collection technique used is a literacy study derived from secondary data sources. The main focus to be built in this study is to find out the readiness of the logistics industry for implementing ODOL. Broadly speaking, ODOL is not only a transportation problem, but has spread to the socio-economic sector because this problem is prone to occur from upstream to downstream of the logistics process. ODOL causes a domino effect that causes losses of up to IDR 43 trillion every year. In order to realize this policy, readiness indicators are needed. But unfortunately, In order to realize this policy, readiness indicators are needed. But unfortunately, In order to realize this policy, readiness indicators are needed. But unfortunately,the impact resulting from the Zero ODOL policy discourse is considered too heavy for the industry because they are currently struggling to recover after the co-19 pandemic. So we need a recommendation strategy that can optimize policies while minimizing negative impacts on the logistics industry.

Public Transit Passenger Profiling by Using Large-Scale Smart Card Data

The term “user persona” recently has become more popular and can reflect the characteristics and needs of each user. To analyze the individual characteristics of each passenger in order to better implement targeted transportation policies, a method to mine travel profiles from each passenger based on their smart card transaction records is proposed, mainly mining six labels of passengers: activity, loyalty, whether they are stable commuters, where they live, where they work, and how they prefer to travel. A case study was conducted in the Huitian area of Beijing, the largest community in Asia, which demonstrated the high practicality and accuracy of the passenger profiling method. The results show that 33.06% of passengers were given the stable commuter label and were more likely to have high activity and loyalty labels, whereas 66.94% of other passengers were more likely to have low activity and loyalty labels; 88.9% of passengers were given the residence label and 67.71% of stable commuters received the workplace label, with an accuracy rate of over 90% according to a travel survey. In addition, the application of passenger labels during the design of demand responsive transit (DRT) was discussed to illustrate how to use the labels to improve the efficiency of DRT. The proposed passenger profiling method is applicable to the data mining of passenger travel labels in a simple and accurate way, and can help public transport service providers and researchers to study individual passenger characteristics and provide a theoretical basis for transit network planning and personalization measures.

Disekuilibrium Kebijakan Transportasi Konvensional Dengan Transportasi Online Di Tangerang Selatan

Public policy is an alternative carried out by the government in dealing with problems that occur in society. The provision of public transportation services by the government with online transportation service providers still causes disquilibrium in the process of implementing public policy. PM 15 of 2019 with PM 118 of 2018 as a policy that regulates public transportation occurs disquilibrium in the policy, the existence of online transportation providing public transportation services finds losses on driver income and Regional Native Income as a public transportation levy, KIR test as a treatment of public transportation and a form of government supervision does not occur in online transportation, Vehicle storage facilities do not have to be owned by online transportation compared to must-have public/conventional transportation and vehicle maintenance and repair. From the various approaches that are widely proposed by many experts, this research will combine the tools of successful public policy implementation, namely 1) Communication 2) Goals 3) Program Implementation, 4) Implementation Context, 5) Compliance and Response. Qualitative research method with a descriptive approach with data collection techniques carried out through field observation, interviews and documentation. The result is that the transportation policy has a disquilibirum on one transportation service where the transportation manager has a difference of view between public services and profits, therefore disquilibriumbecomes evident in the implementation of the policy. In conclusion, the general transportation policy has its own goals in regulating driver operations, not in the transportation service manager

Future Development of an Energy-Efficient Electric Scooter Sharing System Based on a Stakeholder Analysis Method

E-scooters as a new form of mobility are gaining more and more popularity. This popularity results from the flexibility of this mode of transport, but above all from the positive impact on the natural environment through the much higher energy efficiency of an e-scooter compared to a motor vehicle (according to the literature the rate is 2 km per kWh equivalent for a motor vehicle and the range is 90–100 km per kWh in the case of an e-scooter). This paper introduces a discussion on the future development of an energy-efficient electric scooter sharing system based on stakeholder analysis methods. The implementation of the e-scooter sharing system involves linking several areas of human activity, including social activity. This, in turn, relates to the interactions and building of relationships with entities, particularly those influencing the provision of services and their effects. The large number of entities and the complexity of the relations between them make it a challenge both to identify stakeholders in the development of the public e-scooter system and to indicate their roles in shaping the sustainable development strategy for urban mobility. The following study was based on the methodological foundations of stakeholder theory and social network analyses. The main research objective of the article is to identify and assign to different groups the stakeholders influencing the sustainable development of energy-efficient e-scooter sharing systems based on Polish cities. An evaluation was carried out using expert methods with a stakeholder analysis, based on matrix and mapping methods, and with the MACTOR application. Relationships and cooperation suggestions were established for each of the stakeholder groups, which could become an important part of the strategic approach to supporting public transport service providers and organizers, as well as allowing for further reductions in energy consumption in the city by introducing such services on a large scale. The cooperation of the entities participating in the implementation of bike-sharing services can contribute to their greater sustainable development and assurance using the new mobility modes, which consume less energy and at the same time make the city energy-efficient.

Measuring the timing between public transport provision and residential development in greenfield estates

The timing of public transport provision in newly established suburbs on the urban fringe is a major concern for residents. It is argued that if public transport were available when residents start moving to a new suburb, they are more likely to use it. Despite this, the timing of public transport service provision relative to residential development is generally unknown. Using a case study of Melbourne, Australia, this article provides a methodology to measure the timing of bus provision relative to residential development. Information from Precinct Structure Plans, Census data, public transport timetables, and a spatial analysis based on Open Street Map, Metromap and Google Earth, were used. Results show that new communities on Melbourne’s urban fringe had to wait 3–4 years on average for a bus service to be implemented. About one quarter (24%) of the communities were already served by a bus service when residents started to move in, 12% had to wait up to a year, and about two-thirds (64%) had to wait for longer than a year, as much as 14 years. For those waiting more than one year, bus provision comes too late to capitalise on the higher likelihood of public transport use through early delivery. To improve public transport delivery in those areas and understand where issues exist, government agencies should monitor the waiting time of communities and support an earlier delivery of public transport through improved land use and transport integration.

Demand responsive transport: New insights from peri-urban experiences

Despite great differentials between urban, peri-urban and rural experiences, little research on demand responsive transport (DRT) has been conducted in peri-urban settings. This paper explores the influence of peri-urban area (PUA) conditions on the design and the operation of DRT and the resulting demand patterns and modal shifts. It uses a combination of a trip dataset and a survey of users and non-users. Key findings suggest that the provision of public transport services within the PUA and to nearby towns and cities, the high car ownership rate and the low demand have a significant influence in designing the DRT scheme. An integrated DRT and public transport (PT) system has potentials to be successful in a context of PUA. Our empirical evidence indicates that such a DRT service design can improve the accessibility and generate a stable demand while reducing the risk of substituting PT. However, there is a danger of the unwanted substitution of walking and cycling. We provide recommendations for DRT planners and operators in developing future schemes in PUA settings.

Women’s safety and security in public transport in Mekelle, Tigray

The study assesses the women’s personal safety and security in public transport, it examines gender inclusiveness in public transport in Mekelle, Tigray. Both primary and secondary data of target women in Mekelle city have been collected in a period before the recent conflict began. Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used as sampling technique strategy to draw representative target women. Mixed research method was also instrumented; exploratory and confirmatory data analysis for quantitative data, and thematic analysis for qualitative data was utilized to obtain the findings, and extract evidences from the data. Besides, a systematic review was used to strengthen the analysis. The findings of the research revealed that Mini-bus taxi is found the most preferred mode of transport due to its accessibility across the city. Public transport service provision in the city remains to be largely gender insensitive. Women’s safety and security is often compromised due mainly to cultural norms and values that reflect in their daily trips. Harassments in the form of verbal and psychological abuse become rampant especially inside Mini-bus taxi. The result further shows that women have been harassed while waiting for means of transportation and while walking in the streets to catch public transport vehicles. Despite the modest progress on legal protection, harassment against women and girls is still widespread. Harassments in the urban public transport sector can be deterred through ethical training and awareness creation and strict rule enforcement mechanisms.

On the road and on the rails: regulation and competition in UK public transport

The provision of public transport services, whether by bus, train, taxi or private hire vehicle has been subject to changing regulation over the years and further regulatory changes are foreseen. This article examines how regulation of these services has affected competition between providers, the CMA’s competition advocacy in these markets.

Comprehensive Total Cost of Ownership Framework for Alternative Fuel Public Transportation Buses

Sustainable fleet management seeks to deliver the best service with a standard of service defined by state regulatory bodies by utilizing and managing large fleets of vehicles in the most efficient, productive, and cost-effective way. Public transport service providers thus seek alternative ways to minimize cost as well as air pollution and carbon emissions from the transportation sector. This study develops a total cost of ownership (TCO) framework for evaluation of different alternative fuel options (diesel, compressed natural gas [CNG], and electric) for bus public transportation based on real-world driving conditions. Electric, CNG, and diesel buses are compared from the life cycle perspective by quantifying a set of sustainability indicators including global warming potential, particulate matter formation, human health impacts, and TCO. According to the results, it was found that TCO of electric buses is less than that of diesel and CNG buses. Specifically, TCO of electric buses is 15% less than that of diesel buses, and compared with CNG it is 5% less over a period of 10 years of use. The proposed framework provides a quantitative basis for a sustainable fleet management approach for public bus service providers.

Periodic Optimization of Bus Dispatching Times and Vehicle Schedules Considering the COVID-19 Capacity Limits: A Dutch Case Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had serious adverse impacts on public transport service providers. Most public transport lines exhibit reduced ridership levels while, at the same time, some of them may exhibit passenger demand levels beyond the pandemic-imposed capacity limitations. This study models the problem of bus dispatching time optimization within a periodic rolling horizon optimization framework that reacts to travel time and passenger demand variations. This model allows public transport service providers to adjust their bus schedules periodically to avoid in-vehicle crowding beyond the pandemic-imposed capacity limit. The proposed model is a mixed-integer linear program that considers the possible changes to vehicle schedules and tries to minimize the number of vehicles required to perform the service while adhering to the COVID-19 capacity restrictions. Case study results from the implementation of our model on bus Line 2 in the Twente region in the Netherlands are provided demonstrating the potential gains when rescheduling the trip dispatching times and vehicle schedules.

Analisis Penguatan Dinas Perhubungan Dalam Pengawasan Perizinan Angkutan Kota Di Kota Medan

The Medan City Transportation Service is the implementing element of the Medan City Government in the field of transportation, having duties in the field of public transportation services. City transportation is one of the modes of transportation that is still the focus of improving the government and public transportation service providers. The problems studied are how to regulate the mechanism for controlling urban transportation licensing in the city of Medan and how the supervision of the Department of Transportation on the licensing of city transportation in the city of Medan. The research conducted is empirical research, namely by conducting interviews. The data collection method in this research is library research and field research. The data analysis used is qualitative data. The legal regulation of urban transportation in Medan City is Law no. 22 of 2009 concerning LLAJ and Medan City Regulation No. 2 of 2014 concerning Regional Levies in the Field of Transportation and Perwal of Medan City No. 41 of 2018 concerning Delegation of Partial Licensing and Non-Licensing Authorities to the Head of the Medan City Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office. Supervision of the Department of Transportation on city transportation permits in the city of Medan is carried out in two ways, namely: internal supervision and external supervision. In carrying out the task of supervising and controlling transportation in the city of Medan, the Medan City Transportation Service coordinates with the Traffic Traffic Unit 2 (two) times a year, namely in June and November.

Public Transport, Ridership and Safe Travelling Environment during COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a dramatic decrease in public transport demand. Even though public transport in Malaysia is allowed to reboot and run with total capacity after the end of a movement control order, many public transport users still worry and refuse to take public transport as their movement tools. Therefore, government and public transport service providers must pay attention to improving preventive steps to keep public transport users feeling secure. Thus, the present study proposes a research model encompassing perceived risk, standard operating procedure, and information credibility in understanding the feeling of safety among Malaysian public transport users. Keywords: Public transport; Safety; Travelling Environment; Covid-19. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3217

External Environmental Analysis for Sustainable Bike-Sharing System Development

The paper introduces a discussion regarding the development of a public bike-sharing system, considering random factors, based on selected external environmental analysis methods. The global energy crisis is forcing scientists to continuously improve energy-efficient sustainable methods and scientific solutions. It is particularly important in transportation since transport activities and the constant increase in the number of vehicles have a large share in global energy consumption. The following study investigates the social, technological, economic, environmental, and political aspects of bike-sharing systems in cities. The research purpose of the article is to select the most important macro-environmental factors and their mutual interaction influencing the sustainable development of bike-sharing systems based on the Polish cities case study. The evaluation was carried out through expert methods with STEEP environmental analysis, evaluation of factors with the weighted score, and structural analysis method with MICMAC computer application. The classification of key factors influencing the development of a bike-sharing system has divided them into five groups. It can support public transport service providers and organizers. This can optimize the planning process with decision-making based on future environmental trends.