Provision Of Public Services Research Articles

Vertical Spatial Differentiation and Influencing Factors of Rural Livelihood Resilience: Evidence from the Mountainous Areas of Southwest China

Rural livelihood resilience (RLR) is significant for the sustainability of rural areas, farmers and agriculture. This research takes the mountainous areas of Southwest China as the study areas and integrates the buffer, adjustment and renewal capabilities to construct a RLR analysis framework and evaluation indicator system. The RLR of 234 sample counties was evaluated using set pair analysis, and the influencing factors of RLR were investigated using Geodetector. The aim is to scientifically analyze the vertical spatial differentiation and influencing factors of RLR and fully explore the risk-resistant potential of rural livelihood systems in mountainous areas. The results show that (1) From 2000 to 2020, RLR increases significantly, but the level is still low, and its structure shows a primary pattern of “buffer capability > adjustment capability > renewal capability”. (2) There is no significant negative correlation between RLR and terrain gradients, especially in the middle and low mountains. RLR in high mountainous areas is significantly lower than in low and medium mountainous areas, but the gap is narrowing. There are no significant gaps in RLR and various capabilities between low and medium mountain areas. (3) Economic development, non-agricultural industries and grassroots autonomous organizations are essential determinants for RLR. Economic development, grassroots autonomous organizations and transportation conditions are more important in low and medium mountain areas, while non-agricultural industries and medical conditions contribute more to high mountainous areas. (4) To enhance the RLR, policy recommendations should place a strong emphasis on extending the agricultural industry chain, improving rural production and living infrastructure and strengthening the supply of high-quality social public services. The findings can provide a scientific basis for governments to implement rural revitalization strategies and improve farmers’ well-being, as well as practical guidance for enhancing the risk resistance ability of underdeveloped mountainous rural areas.

Improving service accessibility and equity for sustainable development goals without newly facilities by rural settlement reconstruction

Ensuring the provision of accessible, affordable, and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the face of escalating urbanization and a dwindling rural populace in China, reconstructing rural settlements to enhance public service accessibility has become a fundamental strategy for achieving the SDGs in rural areas. However, few studies have examined the optimal methods for rural settlement reconstruction that ensure accessible and equitable public services while considering multiple existing facilities and service provisions. This paper focuses on rural settlement reconstruction in the context of the SDGs, employing an inverted MCLP-CC (maximal coverage location problem for complementary coverage) model to identify optimal rural settlements and a rank-based method for their relocation. Conducted in Changyuan, a county-level city in Henan Province, China, this study observed significant enhancements in both accessibility and equity following rural settlement reconstruction by utilizing the MH3SFCA (modified Huff 3-step floating catchment area) and the spatial Lorenz curve method. Remarkably, these improvements were achieved without the addition of new facilities, with the accessibility increasing by 44.21%, 4.97%, and 3.11%; Gini coefficients decreasing by 19.53%, 1.64%, and 3.18%; Ricci-Schutz coefficients decreasing by 21.09%, 2.09%, and 4.33% for educational, medical, and cultural and sports facilities, respectively. It indicated that rural settlement reconstruction can bolster the accessibility and equity of public services by leveraging existing facilities. This paper provides a new framework for stakeholders to better reconstruct rural settlements and promote sustainable development in rural areas in China.

“INSON – JAMIYAT – DAVLAT” IYERARXIYASIDA DAVLAT XIZMATCHISI KASBIY MA’NAVIYATINING ROLI

This article scientifically analyzes opinions on the professional spirituality of civil servants in the hierarchy “person – society – state”. Also, when implementing the relationship “Man – Society – State”, special attention is paid to issues closely related to personnel policy, training and support of qualified personnel for the provision of public civil service.

Public Services: A Satisfaction Survey of Dumai City Hospital Services

Public service is a frequently discussed issue in Indonesia. However, when it comes to execution, local governments as service providers must consider a variety of factors. Regarding the government-owned regional hospital services that have been operating. One of them is monitoring the public satisfaction index for the services provided by Dumai city hospital. With the expectation that the findings may help policymakers at the regional hospital enhance future services. This article is intended to assess public satisfaction with the services offered by Dumai city hospital. The study used a quantitative technique measuring the Community Satisfaction Index established by the Regulation of the minister of state apparatus empowerment and bureaucratic reform of the republic of Indonesia number 14 of 2017 concerning guidelines for compiling public satisfaction surveys of public service provider units. There are nine items that are measured: requirement, systems mechanisms and procedures, time to completion, fees/rates, product specification type of service, officer behavior, competence of service officers, handling, complaints, suggestions and input, facilities and infrastructure. The study's population represents the entire community that has received services. The sample size was determined using the accidental sampling technique with 100 respondents. A questionnaire has been used for collecting the data required. The research study found that the community satisfaction index was 80.75, and the assessment category service satisfaction was good.

STRATEGI OPTIMALISASI LAYANAN DIFABEL PADA DINAS PERPUSTAKAAN DAN KEARSIPAN KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Disability services are an obligation mandated by Indonesian Constitution to ensure equal access to public services for all citizens without exception, including for citizens who have physical, mental, intellectual and sensory limitations (disabled). However, in practice, the provision of disability-friendly public services is still not optimal, in terms of utilization and provision of existing facilities. It is this urgency that directs research towards the aim of knowing the factors that cause less optimal services for people with disabilities to formulate effective strategies in order to optimize services. This research belongs to the type of qualitative research with descriptive analysis. The analytical tool used to formulate effective strategies is SOAR analysis. SOAR Analysis is a development of SWOT Analysis which focuses on leveraging organizational strengths and opportunities to realize aspirations and results that are explored together to present more optimistic strategies, rather than focusing on weaknesses and threats. It is very much suitable for the organizational form of government agencies; those prioritize public trust. The results of the study show that factors causing the non-optimal disability services in Office of Yogyakarta City Library and Archives are facilities and infrastructures, human resources (HR), and policies. The strategy for optimizing DPK Yogyakarta City disability services consists SA Strategy (operating disabled service attendants), SR Strategy (development of voice book search feature and voice archive search feature), OA Strategy (installation of induction loop system in service areas, providing wheelchairs, educational film collections with sign language, adding PCs, media transfer tools, talking books, and also replacing damaged mobile fleets to re-function mobile library for Special Needs Schools), and OR Strategy (organizing Applied Literacy activities involving disabled and launching archival search services and special archive restoration services for disabled in near future).

Moving towards smarter social contracts? Digital transformation as a driver of change in state–society relations in the MENA region

ABSTRACT Digitalization has far-reaching yet under-researched impacts on state–society relations. This article addresses this gap and explores digitalization as a driver of change to social contracts. The conceptual framework explains how it changes (a) the state’s duty to grant protection, provision, and participation in exchange for legitimacy; (b) the modes of state–society interaction; and (c) the contracting parties with respect to their location and their relative power position. Based on a literature review and recent developments in digitalization, the article then discusses how this plays out in the MENA region. It shows that digital surveillance by authoritarian regimes often dominates over the states’ duty to protect their citizens. Spaces for political participation increase through social media and online platforms but often fail to translate into ‘offline’ mobilization. Digitalization can improve public service provision, but only for digitally-connected citizens. Thus, digitalization tends to enhance the relative power positions of MENA states even if states themselves partly depend on external actors for access to and control over digital technologies. Overall, digitalization is an important, structural driver of change to social contracts but pre-existing state–society relations and governance framework conditions lead to either more inclusive or rather more authoritarian social contracts.

Evaluation of the Contributions and Prospects of Road Taxes to Total Tax Collections by States in Nigeria 2010-2022

The 36 federating states of Nigeria have a persistent paucity of funds for the provision of public goods and services for the citizens. However, this came when the Taxes and Levies Approved List for Collection Act 1998 availed the states of eleven different taxes, which, if properly harnessed, could alleviate the financial difficulties. Therefore, this study aims to longitudinally evaluate the contributions of road taxes, which are one of the taxes collected by states in Nigeria. To achieve this aim, data on collection from state road taxes was collected from the National Bureau of Statistics 2010-2022 annual reports. Descriptive statistical tools of tables, charts, and percentages are utilized in analyzing collected data, while a public policy analytical framework underpinned the study. Results from the study revealed that road taxes are making moderate contributions to total taxes collected by states. Therefore, if the states could strengthen policies, laws and regulations on road taxes, it could greatly enhance their total collections from taxes. The policy implication of this finding is that road taxes as a public policy impact taxes collected by states even though insignificant; therefore, policymakers should strengthen this policy for national development

In the eye of the storm: Street‐level organizations in circumstances of democratic backsliding

AbstractStreet‐level organizations (SLOs) play a key, but understudied, political role in democratic governance as they are responsible for the direct‐delivery of public services that are vital to the functioning of the state. To discuss the political role of SLOs in general, this study begins by identifying four SLO roles, which are conceptualized here by distinguishing policy‐sphere versus politics‐sphere and “SLOs‐as‐takers” versus “SLOs‐as‐makers.” SLOs' political role in a democratic backsliding and populism context is specified by distinguishing whether SLOs converge to, or diverge from, illiberal policies, and distinguishing reactive and proactive responses. Each of the four responses is elaborated by referring to how SLOs both influence, and are influenced by, populism and democratic backsliding. Shifting attention to the specific context of democratic erosion allows a more nuanced distinction between policy sectors and countries, as well as identifying the ways through which public service provision facilitates or inhibits democratic backsliding.

Perceptions of Students at Andalas University's Payakumbuh Campus Regarding the Security of Academic Information Systems

Higher Education is one of the public service providers that wants to provide the best service to internal and external parties who need information, namely by utilizing academic information systems. The use of academic information systems is prone to data and information crimes, which are problems experienced by many system users and this also occurs in Indonesia. The method in this study uses a qualitative description method in this study and data collection is obtained using triangulation techniques. The results of the study, that it is necessary to improve information security from various threats, thus ensuring the security of valuable information assets. Information security using The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/IEC 27001. In addition, it is also necessary to perform two-factor authentication which adds a two-step verification process to access the account.

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Public Service Provision and Public Service Satisfaction on Residents' Happiness

The government provides public services, and the public receives them. The public's evaluation of the provision of government public services is the yardstick used to measure the quality of government services. It is also the responsibility and obligation of the government to enhance the quality of public services and the public's satisfaction. This paper primarily focuses on the correlation between public service provision, public service satisfaction, and residents' happiness. Using the CGSS2015 data as the research object, a significant positive relationship between public service provision and residents' happiness was identified through factor analysis, multiple linear regression, and intermediary effect testing. The conclusion of this paper holds significant reference value for the government in enhancing public services and improving residents' well-being.

Appealing decisions, actions or inaction of notaries on the provision of public services and its content

Appealing decisions, actions or inaction of notaries on the provision of public services and its content

An Analytical Framework for Assessing Equity of Access to Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: The Case of Shanghai

With the unprecedented growth of electric vehicles usage, the equitable population-based provision of public charging services has become an important concern in high-density urban centers. To address sustainability concerns, this study explores an analytical framework for assessing the equity of access to public charging services. By comprehensively analyzing factors such as accessibility, the Gini coefficient, the correlation coefficient, and supply–demand matching, we investigated the unequal access to public charging stations within 24 types of sites in central Shanghai. The spatial distribution and accessibility were visualized to illustrate differences in service access. Subsequently, social equity was assessed by considering the population distribution and identifying areas of supply–demand imbalance. The results show that 81% of households share only 10% of public charging services, suggesting a generalized inequality within areas and facilities. Residents of large-scale, low-density, low-grade neighborhoods have difficulties accessing services. Nearly 66.96% of subdistricts have supply and demand conflicts. In addition, priority types of improvement were identified and directions for improvement were suggested, as well as recommendations for the integration of PCSs with exterior built places. We also found significant differences in accessibility and equity at both the district and subdistrict level. The findings of this study will help urban planners assess and locate unequal areas and provide insights and the basis for further expansion into the analysis methods adopted at different stages to achieve sustainable development.

From document-centric to data-centric public service provision

From document-centric to data-centric public service provision

The disintegration and reproduction of communities: A social capital perspective of urban village's urbanisation in China

The urbanisation of rural communities with urban villages (chengzhongcun) as intermediates represents both a distinct rural-to-urban transition and a distinct formalization of informal urban settlements. This study examines, from a social capital perspective, how the urban village communities have shifted in their long-term urbanisation process (from rural villages to urban villages and then to urban neighbourhoods) in the past decades. Personal interviews with former villagers who have experienced such a process are the major data sources for this study. Key conclusions include: i) the urban village communities consistently lose social capital since the pre-redevelopment stage, resulting in gradual community disintegration; ii) the social capital loss is both an inevitable result of the internalisation of urban-rural differences in the community and an effective governance approach ensuring the rehousing neighbourhoods are not reproduced into informal settlements; iii) formalization of informal communities with losing social capitals requires significant public investments on public service provision, to compensate to the communities' loss of power over urban space (re)production; therefore, iv) reproduce social capital in the rehousing neighbourhood is in need in the long-term to reduce governance costs and enhance social service provision.

Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Publik bagi Penyandang Disabilitas pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang

In this study, there is an identification of a gap between what is expected and the actual reality in the efforts of the Tangerang district government in fulfilling the rights of persons with disabilities. This gap, which is called das sein and das sollen, encouraged researchers to make a thesis on the issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed description of the level of accessibility of public services available to individuals with disabilities within the Tangerang Regency local government. Zeithaml, Parasuraman, and Berry (as cited in Hardiansyah, 2018: 63) propose that to assess the quality of service actually perceived by consumers, there are specific indicators of service quality that can be categorised into five categories of service quality, namely tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results of this study have several points 1) Incomplete regulations or technical implementation standards for public services for persons with disabilities in the form of Tangerang Regent regulations as guidelines for the implementation of Tangerang Regency PERDA No. 11/2018 concerning the protection and fulfilment of the rights of persons with disabilities; 2) The attitude of government officials towards persons with disabilities The government is one of the important actors in the successful implementation of public service accessibility for persons with disabilities. 3) Attitudes of non-disabled people towards people with disabilities and people with disabilities towards non-disabled people In addition to the government as an important actor in the successful implementation of accessibility of public services for persons with disabilities, non-disabled people have an important part in the successful implementation of public service accessibility for persons with disabilities. Suggestions for the Tangerang Regency Government, especially public service providers from the executive branch, to immediately make a Tangerang Regent Regulation (PERBUP) regarding the fulfilment of the rights of persons with disabilities so that it can become a guideline and technical guidance for all public service providers.

The energy transition and local government finance: new data and insights from 10 US states

Fossil fuels are the primary contributor to global climate change, and efforts to reach net-zero emissions will require a dramatic curtailment of their extraction and use. However, fossil fuels fund public services at all levels of government, and research has not assessed whether clean energy sources can provide similar scales of revenue. In this paper, we analyze a novel dataset that we have assembled on how fossil fuels and renewable energy contribute to local governments in 79 US counties across 10 states. Revenues from fossil fuels far outweigh renewables in aggregate terms, providing more than $1000 per capita annually in dozens of counties. However, wind and solar in some states generate more local public revenue than fossil fuels per unit of primary energy production. In most counties that depend heavily on fossil fuels for local revenues, solar—but not wind—has the technical potential to replace existing fossil fuel revenues, but this would require dedicating implausibly large portions of developable land (in some cases, more than half) to solar. For counties with less reliance on fossil fuels, wind and solar can more plausibly replace fossil fuel revenue streams. This finding suggests that while renewable energy will provide new revenue streams for communities, fossil fuel–dependent regions will need to build new tax bases well beyond wind and solar, develop other sources of revenue, or risk a decline in public service provision.

Development of basic cost standards for the provision of public services by regional laboratory and diagnostic institutions

Development of basic cost standards for the provision of public services by regional laboratory and diagnostic institutions

Krause, Tobias A., Schachtner, Christian & Thapa, Basanta E. P. (Hrsg.) (2023). Handbuch Digitalisierung der Verwaltung. transcript Verlag. 420 Seiten. ISBN: 978-3-8252-5929-7 / ISBN: 978-3-8385-5929-2 (eBook). https://doi.org/10.36198/9783838559292.

The handbook Digitalisierung der Verwaltung provides meaningful knowledge on important management issues relating to the digital transformation in public administration and public service provision in Germany. 19 refreshing contributions shed light on personnel management, organisation, processes, and data infrastructure. With their valuable book, the editors not only address design features of digitalisation concepts, but also pose critical questions about implementation processes. The reader can learn from a multitude of illuminating practical examples, workable solutions and pioneering insights without ignoring the specific contextual factors of the political-administrative system in Germany. The book is aimed at public sector employees and executives, students and scholars, tech companies and service providers who deal with the digital transformation in public sector organisations.

Interaction of the population with authorities using digital technologies: sociological analysis

In the modern world new formats of civil participation for the population are emerging, associated with the use of innovative technologies. The problem of introducing and developing digital services into the public administration system at all levels of government is urgent. Experts argue that digitalization will ensure an increase in the level of efficiency in the provision of public services to the population. The problematic field of research is the level of involvement of the population in interaction with government structures in the digital space. Mastering the information environment requires certain competencies that are not developed immediately. The speed of mastering such competencies depends on many factors, including the understanding of the need for their constant use. The goal of the research is to determine the attitude of the regional population towards digital technologies used for interaction between citizens and government agencies.Today, comprehensive sociological research on this topic is required. When working on a scientific article, methods of sociocultural analysis, document analysis, and empirical collection of primary information in the form of a survey were used. The main conclusion is that for the effective development of digital interaction between the population and the authorities, it is necessary not only to introduce, but also to increase the level of trust of citizens in the digital resources of the state.

Public transport use and mortality among older adults in England: A cohort study

Background: Most evidence on transport use and mortality has focused on the commute to work. This study aims to fill a gap by assessing relationships between public transport use and mortality among older adults. Methods: Data come from a cohort of 10,186 individuals aged 50 or older who participated in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), with survey data linked to mortality records over 16 years (2002–2018). We assessed a binary measure of public transport use and frequency of use from ‘every day or nearly every day’ to ‘never’. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between public transport use and mortality. Analyses were adjusted for a range of covariates including socio-demographic factors, chronic disease, and self-reported problems with daily living activities. Results: Overall, 3371 participants (33.1%) died within the study period. Mortality was lower among public transport users (21.3%) compared with non-users (64.2%). Adjusted analyses found that users had 34% lower mortality than non-users (HR 0.66 (95% CI 0.61;0.71)). Adjusted analyses showed similar association sizes across frequencies of public transport use, with those using public transport every day or nearly every day having 41% lower mortality than never users (HR 0.59 (0.49;0.71)). Associations were similar among those with and without a longstanding illness. Conclusion: The use of public transport among older adults is linked to lower levels of mortality. Reductions in provision of public transport services could be detrimental to both transportation and population health.