Marketisation Of Public Services Research Articles

Perceptions of e-lending in Scandinavian libraries: tension and harmony between institutional logics

ABSTRACT This study examines e-lending dynamics in Scandinavian public libraries, by exploring the relationship between libraries and publishing houses. We ask how representatives of both fields perceive the public library’s role. Public libraries and publishers have traditionally served different roles in the book sphere: the library as a key cultural policy institution providing access to information and culture, and the publishers as involved in the production of books, operating on commercial premises. This relationship is affected by the change from ownership to licensing of digital book collections, which occurs along with changes on the national book markets. As a theoretical and analytical tool, the study uses the institutional logics perspective to explore the relations between different perceptions. We argue that this relationship can be illuminated through the dynamics of public service logic, market logic and digital logic. The study is empirically based on 26 in-depth interviews interviews with representatives of Danish, Norwegian and Swedish major libraries and trade publishers. Findings indicate that the relationship is nuanced and multifaceted, more than if it relied on a simple opposition between the public and the market. Both libraries and publishers share a common understanding of public service and market logics; however, they differ in perceptions of library’s role which is amplified by digital logic. The study also indicates that e-lending dynamics are influenced by cultural policies but with different outcomes in the three countries.

Synergies and Challenges in the Integration of Cloud Computing and Deep Learning: Current Status, Interconnectedness, and Future Directions

This article reviews the status and recent developments in the integration of cloud computing and deep learning, as well as the interrelationship between these two technologies. The paper explores the intersection of cloud computing and deep learning in addressing cybersecurity challenges. Amidst the rapid expansion of the worldwide public cloud services market, the vulnerability to cyber-attacks and breaches in data management is on the rise. Different intrusion detection systems use different deep learning techniques to improve the effectiveness of intrusion detection in cloud computing environments. Additionally, the use of encryption technology and the corresponding deep learning retrieval technology further improves the security of cloud data. Moreover, the paper deeply studies how the scheduling mechanism of deep reinforcement learning can optimize the performance of cloud services by efficiently allocating resources and solving the problem of slow cloud service speed. It also derives the optimal energy strategy through deep neural networks to address the energy consumption challenges in cloud computing data centers. This article also reviews the five emerging architectures of cloud computing and explores the role of deep learning within these frameworks. Finally, it analyzes some of the challenges facing the future of cloud computing and deep learning, including the security and confidentiality of cloud computing, as well as low latency and high throughput optimization in the field of deep learning. In summary, this article provides insight into current trends, challenges, and future prospects for the evolving integration between cloud computing and deep learning.

Exploring user satisfaction and improvement opportunities in public charging pile resources

The existing market of public charging pile services for electric vehicle (EV) users has occupied a particular market share. However, instead of solely focusing on pre-planning the construction of charging piles, it is crucial to address the shortcomings of the existing charging pile service and develop effective marketing strategies. This approach can help optimize the utilization of charging pile resources and minimize wastage. In this study, we explore EV users’ comments on the public charging pile service and adopt a natural language pre-training model to classify comments for extracting positive and negative comments. For these two types of comments respectively, we construct the text-to-knowledge to mine the keywords from multiple dimensions. We further excavate the words correlated with the keywords by utilizing dependency parsing to create relational dependency graphs. Taken together, we identify key factors influencing EV user satisfaction or dissatisfaction and uncover the relationships among these factors. These insights provide valuable information for charging pile operators to develop targeted marketing strategies and improvement plans for the existing public charging pile resources, ultimately enhancing the overall user experience.

Strategic Branding Approaches for Women Professional Athletes via Self-Presentation Theory and Social Role Theory

The rise of social media has provided many opportunities for athletes to develop outside of traditional media, and the use of social media platforms by female athletes can overcome the limitations of traditional sports media and promote the development of their personal brands. The aim of this study is to analyse and discuss how female athletes use social media to develop their branding strategies based on self-presentation theory and social role theory using Serena Williams as the subject of the study. By analysing the links between self-presentation theory, social role theory and athlete branding, research done by researcher on athlete branding strategies based on the two theories is analysed and discussed. Based on the analysis of the study population, the article makes recommendations on how female athletes can use social media to develop branding strategies. In terms of athlete branding, the article argues that branding strategies for female athletes can be used to gain consumer trust and seek business development opportunities outside of the sports arena by marketing their athleticism, respectable appearance, and marketable lifestyles on social media. On the issue of athlete brand image representation, the article encourages female athletes to focus on social justice issues and suggests that athletes use a combination of public service and commercial marketing to strategically build and manage their athlete brands.

AWS Cloud Computing Solutions: Optimizing Implementation for Businesses

This study delves into the optimization strategies of Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud computing solutions tailored specifically for businesses. It provides an in-depth exploration of the transformative impact that cloud computing has had on modern business operations, emphasizing the pivotal role played by AWS in delivering scalable, flexible, and cost-effective resources. With projections indicating the global public cloud services market's growth to $332.3 billion in 2021, it becomes evident that cloud solutions are increasingly relied upon, with AWS commanding a significant 32% market share. This paper highlights the importance of optimizing AWS solutions, considering its extensive range of services designed to meet diverse business needs. However, transitioning to cloud environments brings challenges related to data security, compliance, integration, and migration complexities, as evidenced by pertinent studies and literature reviews. This research synthesizes insights gleaned from various studies, emphasizing the adaptability and cost-effectiveness of AWS while stressing the critical role of robust security measures in its implementation across industries and geographic regions. Understanding prevalent business requisites and challenges in cloud adoption, including scalability, cost efficiency, reliability, availability, and compliance, is essential for organizations seeking to harness cloud technology effectively. Furthermore, this paper provides an overview of AWS's services encompassing computing, storage, databases, machine learning, and AI, showcasing how these empower businesses to streamline operations, foster innovation, and scale dynamically. It elucidates successful instances where AWS was strategically implemented in Netflix, Airbnb, Jollibee Group, and Capital One, demonstrating its impact on scalability, innovation, and service enhancement. The paper outlines anticipated trends in AWS and cloud computing, focusing on user-friendly tools, advancements in machine learning, infrastructure improvements, increased automation, and deeper integration of AI and advanced analytics. Ultimately, this research emphasizes business's need to optimize AWS solutions, navigate complexities, foster innovation, and achieve operational excellence in an increasingly competitive market.

Perception of Academicians towards Quality of Public Service Marketing in Pokhara

This study mainly focuses on understanding user perception and experiences towards quality of public service marketing on delivery by using the five service delivery dimensions: accessibility, cost, time, barrier and behavior. The research methodology comprises descriptive research design followed by stratified simple random sampling for permanent academic faculty members under multi stage sampling from one constitute and four affiliated college. The primary sources of data were collected through semi structure questionnaire method. Reliability and validity were tested. The study reveals that overall qualities of public service delivery dimension are moderate. The academicians were satisfied with the quality of public service delivery in Pokhara but perception was not as expected. However, the qualitative result depicted that there were major challenges in service delivery such as problem from staff, risk after payment of fees and extra efforts for completing lengthy service. In addition, environmental situation, employees’ attitude, intermediaries, and Afno Manche (known person), salary level and political interventions cause changes in behavior during public service delivery. So, public service institutions should give due attention to such issues to improve quality of service delivery. Even though there is no specific model to measure the quality of public service delivery in Nepalese context therefore, a CAT-Behavior model is recommended for measuring the quality of public service delivery in Nepalese context and it could be beneficial from different perspective.

Student's Perception Regarding Quality of Public Service Marketing on Service Delivery

Public Service Marketing has been used as game plan to enhance service delivery in the public sector. A gap has been seen in using quality service dimensions and public service marketing concept for enhancing service delivery in public sector. This study therefore assessed the citizen’s perception regarding the quality of public service marketing on service delivery in public sector of Nepal. Special references have been taken from students studying master degree in Management at Prithvi Narayan Campus, Pokhara. Descriptive and quantitative research design has been employed for this study. Out of 180 total populations under study, 50 samples have been taken by using simple random sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires using Google Form. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 statistical tools. Quantitative statistical results were analyzed. The practical implications is to assess the perception of citizens i.e. students of master degree in this study towards quality service delivery and customer satisfaction. The study revealed that the perception of students towards quality service delivery and customer satisfaction is different among the groups but there have been positive impact of quality of public service marketing factors on service delivery with customer satisfaction. However, overall perception towards the service quality and satisfaction is not good. Additionally, easy access to service and good behaviors of employees in public sector were deemed to be essential for positive enhancement in citizen's perceptions regarding the quality of public service marketing on service delivery. The study was limiting only two service delivery factors therefore, it will be recommended to study numerous additional influencing elements like cost, time and communication that can be used in research in future as quality of service delivery factors.

Are special districts strategic complements or strategic substitutes?

AbstractWhat happens to general‐purpose local government spending for service provision when a special district enters the public service market? Theoretically, special districts can act either as complements by supplementing existing service provision spending or as substitutes by supplanting current service provision spending. We find a substitution effect using fixed effects regression on urban counties in the United States from 1972 to 2017. Special districts replace spending for public service provision by county governments; however, we find no similar result for municipal governments. But the results are nuanced—findings are confined mainly to public services that tend to cover large land areas, like fire protection, sewerage, and solid waste management. Furthermore, we find evidence that day‐to‐day operations drive observed substitution, and that county size is an important factor depending on the functional service area.

ВЕКТОРЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ АДАПТАЦИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ СИСТЕМЫ ЕДИНЫХ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ УСЛУГ И ЕЕ ГИБКОСТИ

In the article, the author touches upon the current and timely directions of scientific research, which are aimed at substantiating the vectors of increasing the adaptive properties of the system of unified public services and its flexibility. It is determined that the rapid development of the information technology sphere leads to the widespread introduction of interactive information technologies and digital business solutions into the practical activities of state organizations and the public administration apparatus to increase the loyalty and flexibility of the unified public services system. Quality, adaptability, loyalty, efficiency, efficiency, flexibility are just a few important indicators of the quality of public services provided, which directly or indirectly affect a whole range of indicators of the country’s competitiveness, which are the basis or basis for international research and key indicators in the formation of ratings. It is indicated that the use of interactive technologies in the market of unified public services helps to get rid of queues, which affects the reduction of the risk of losing time and documents directly in the queues of both civil servants and the population as a whole. A preventive approach is proposed in order to increase the adaptive properties of the unified public services system and its flexibility, which makes it possible to focus on a significant expansion of the responsibilities of subjects both in the control function and in the forecasting function, therefore it is necessary to use modern tools (artificial intelligence), which allows to effectively solve the problems of increasing the productivity of the prevent-subject (representative of the body for the provision of unified public services. As can be seen from the developed scheme for improving the adaptive properties of the unified public services system and its flexibility, which creates the lability and loyalty of the conceptual scheme of public services, such preventive forecasting functions allow maintaining its flexibility, increasing the adaptive properties of the unified public services system and in the shortest possible time to rebuild the system in accordance with the requirements of time and changes in the factors of the external environment, that is ready to adapt to changing market conditions.

Competitiveness of modern restaurant business enterprises

Aim. Based on the developed general theoretical provisions, the presented study aims to formulate practical recommendations for increasing the competitiveness of restaurant business enterprises in the Republic of Crimea. Tasks. Based on the analysis of existing interpretations, the author formulates an original definition of the competitiveness of a restaurant business enterprise and identifies its key characteristics; investigates factors affecting the competitiveness of enterprises in the examined field; develops theoretical and methodological provisions for assessing the composite indicator; tests the developed assessment model on restaurant business enterprises in the Republic of Crimea. Methods. This study uses a wide range of general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analytical method, expert assessment method, grouping, comparative analysis, modeling, and abstractionn. Results. The competitiveness of restaurant business enterprises is relative and depends on the competitiveness of the provided services and the competitive potential of the restaurant, indicating its ability to withstand competition without compromising the environment within a certain market segment and time. The following groups of external factors have the most significant effect on the examined composite indicator: economic, political and legal, technological, socio-cultural, environmental, sanitary and epidemiological situation. The predominantly negative impact of these factors during the analyzed period can be neutralized by an effective organizational competitiveness management system based on a certain model for assessing the achieved level of competitiveness. The author proposes an assessment algorithm and a methodology for calculating the level of competitiveness, defines a scale of the competitive status of restaurant business enterprises depending on the numerical value of the target composite indicator. Through the example of enterprises operating in the Republic of Crimea, the level of competitiveness is assessed and several proposals to strengthen the current competitive status in the public catering services market are formulated. Conclusions. The criteria of competitiveness of modern restaurant business organizations include the following major components: the quality of services, the effectiveness of marketing activities, the organization's financial state, and the restaurant's market position. Since the qualitative parameters of the activities of restaurant business enterprises have the strongest impact on the final composite indicator, mitigating the so-called consumer discrepancy is the fundamental direction for increasing competitiveness. That said, a list of measures for a particular enterprise can be determined based on the results of a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness level by analyzing the values of its components.

Governing for Whom? The Link Between Representative Governance and Segregation in North Carolina’s Charter Schools

Market-based reforms have become pervasive in the public sector, generating a vigorous debate about whether they promote public goals like effectiveness, efficiency, and equity. Nonprofit organizations are not only instrumental in the market for public services but also play important representative roles in democratic society. This article uses Guo and Musso’s theory of representative governance to examine how representation and participation in nonprofit governance influence representational outcomes in marketized environments. Leveraging the conflicting interests that nonprofit charter schools face in a geographic region marked by segregation, this article examines whether a nonprofit charter school’s representative capacity improves representational outcomes. Findings suggest that, on average, charter schools in the sample employed few mechanisms to increase representative capacity and that lower descriptive representation was linked to segregating outcomes rather than representational outcomes.

A period of contention? The politics of post-crisis activation reform and the creeping marketisation of public employment services

ABSTRACT Public employment services (PES) have undergone significant change since 2011, reshaping the roles of the market, state, and community sector within Ireland’s mixed economy of welfare. The post-crisis years saw the replacement of FÁS with a new network of one-stop-shop Intreo activation services, and the procurement of new employment services for the long-term unemployed through competitive tendering and Payment-by-Results. This process of marketisation is now being extended to other PES currently delivered by community organisations under block grants, such as Local Employment Services and Job Clubs. We position Ireland’s PES landscape as a strategic action field wherein various providers compete with one another for position, power and resources during episodes of contention. Applying this lens to the ongoing reform of activation policy and PES institutions, the paper considers how the recent trajectory of PES marketisation has remained politically contentious. It examines the strategies of various providers and policy actors in shaping the politics of reform, focusing especially on the position of community organisations within the field and the degree to which they have been able to strategically mobilise against marketisation. Lessons are drawn about the nature of Irish politics and policy reform.

Micro-Credentials: A Catalyst for Strategic Reset and Change in U.S. Higher Education

ABSTRACT Micro-credentials vis a vis competency-based certifications of skill domains have existed for decades across vocational-technical education and the professions. What appears to be changing is the priority ascribed to different micro-credentials along a credentials continuum that has focused on formal degrees and certificates. This paper will provide a descriptive analysis of the emerging trend toward micro-credentials by colleges, universities, and other public-private providers in the United States. A major question that emerges for institutional leaders is: Can micro-credentials help position the institution’s academic, public service, and economic and workforce development market positions for the future? Driven by student graduates unable to find good jobs, by employers who cannot find the skill-based workforce they need, by increasing competition, by insurmountable student debt, and by a need for faster pathways from school to work, this aggregate ‘credentials rethink” is forcing colleges and universities to consider reframing their traditional credentials arsenal. The paper will conclude with some observations and key considerations for leaders to navigate their institutions during this period of “strategic reset” for potentially shifting institutional directions to adapt and compete in this new higher education landscape.

The Construction and Development of App Application Platform for Public Information Products of Urban Grand Media in the Context of Artificial Intelligence.

This paper conducts in-depth research and analysis on the construction of the public information product APP application platform of urban big media in the context of artificial intelligence and discusses its development. Based on the improvement of the SICAS model, a model of enterprise and user information interaction characteristics in the new media environment is constructed, and social network analysis and semantic analysis methods are used to research enterprise and user information interaction characteristics in the new media environment. The point degree centrality index is used to analyze forwarding and being forwarded behavior in information interaction, the intermediate centrality index is used to analyze following and being followed behavior, the proximity centrality index is used to analyze commenting and being commented behavior, the feature vector centrality index is used to analyze the cohesiveness of information interaction behavior, and the semantic keyword word is used to analyze the semantic keyword word in the research process. The results of the study show that the constructed model can analyze the information interaction behaviors of enterprises and users in the new media environment. The research results show that the constructed model can systematically analyze the information interaction characteristics, and the information interaction between enterprises and users in the new media environment is more timely, more effective, and more satisfying to users. The current situation of the construction of the public information platform and the problems existing in the construction are proposed to achieve the standardization of the construction of the public information platform in the context of smart city, the construction of the platform supervision system, and the strengthening of information security publicity and talent training. To offer a suitable platform and provide efficient solutions for the development of a public information service platform in the city, enhance the professional quality of research papers and dissertations, as well as the solutions' operability. More public services will be provided in a highly connected way across the boundaries between government, enterprises, society, and citizens and even form a public service market that accepts autonomous choices and becomes an important part of the digital economy, thus finding a good balance between economic development and social welfare.

Marketisation and regional planning in neoliberal public services: Evidence from French hospitals

Marxist scholarship has documented the implications of ‘neoliberal’ reforms to public services. This scholarship often considers these reforms as class projects which have disciplined working populations and created new opportunities for capitalist profit-making. But in this article, we shift emphasis to the internal dysfunction that shapes states’ pursuit of market-oriented policy agendas. We place closer focus on the specific levers through which marketising reforms are implemented, noting the conflicting pressures they unleash, and the cracks this may open through which a more democratic agenda can be advanced. Taking the French hospital sector as an example, we show how attempts to expand and intensify competition in public services have coincided with attempts to decentralise governance to the regional level. While ostensibly part of the same ‘reforming’ policy agenda, marketising policies have a strongly centralising logic which has in practice undermined efforts to develop meaningful regional planning. These institutional tensions have catalysed new political currents, as the relationship between public authorities and private sector actors has become more overtly conflictual. We argue that Marxist theorists of the state need to pay closer attention to the often dysfunctional relationship between different branches of the state, and that in the context of neoliberal public service reform, the tensions between central and regional states are particularly salient. We conclude that opponents of the marketisation of public services need to pay attention to the contested and ambiguous nature of ‘decentralisation’: while it is often a rhetorical cover for marketisation, there are opportunities for the left in demanding more meaningful and authentic forms of regional planning.

How to Rebuild the Quality of Public Services at the Local Government Level During the Covid-19 Pandemic from the Transaction Cost Theory Perspective

Purpose: The objective of paper is to consider transaction cost theory to analyse and improve local government operations during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach: The article was prepared according to a neo-institutional approach, combining systemic, institutional and comparative methods. Findings: Public forms of performing public tasks (budgetary establishments and budgetary units) at the local government level during the Covid-19 pandemic enable the restoration of the quality of public services and counteract speculation in the market of public goods and services. Practical Implications: The paper presents a universal mechanism for selecting organisational forms of performing public tasks based on transaction cost theory that can be used by local authorities, civil servants and public sector experts alike during the Covid-19 pandemic. Originality/Value: The comparison of public task forms with private ones highlighted the important role played by local government in rebuilding the market of public goods and services during the Covid-19 pandemic.

THE PATH OF IMPROVING CHINESE YOUTH'S PHYSICAL HEALTH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PUBLIC SPORTS SERVICE

ABSTRACT Teenagers are the future of our country, and their physical health has a great impact on the economic and social development of our country. In view of this, this study applied questionnaire survey, analytic hierarchy and situation analysis to construct the evaluation index system and hierarchical structure model of youth physical health promotion path, and used empirical analysis to analyze and deal with the key factors in the index system. The results show that the coordinates are (0.648, 0.648, 0.648, 654) located in the first quadrant, which indicates that the external opportunities and internal advantages have a high degree of matching; the effect of youth physical health management under the government mechanism is poor, but youth physical health management under the market mechanism needs to be established. The internal advantages of youth physical health management are relatively large, and the public management service market has great potential, and the market-oriented health construction. It is hoped that this study can provide certain reference for the improvement of Chinese teenagers' physical health.

Community Energy in the United Kingdom:beyond or between the Market and the State?

The British energy policy regime is commonly depicted as large-scale, centrally-planned and private-sector led sector with limited citizen involvement into energy planning and development. However, the number of electricity generation projects owned by community groups has risen dramatically over the last decade. The development of such initiatives raises a key question related to public services provision and market organisation: does community energy constitute an alternative beyond market and State arrangements? Based on semi-structured interviews and extensive policy analysis, this article provides a twofold answer to that question. First, it shows that community energy in the United Kingdom constitutes an alternative model to market and State arrangements with the opening of three possibilities: ownership of energy infrastructures by local community groups, participation with higher levels of citizen involvement and economic benefits with profits made from electricity generation distributed within local areas. Second, the article shows that the transformative power of this model is limited because community energy is embedded between the State and the market. This embeddedness is characterised by the fact that community energy organisations struggle to institutionalise advantages and to challenge decisions that affect them negatively, and by a corrective role with a provision of several services that were previously provided by State and market actors.

Methodology Proposal of Monitoring Economic Indicators in a Railway Passenger Transport Company Using Controlling Tools

The passenger rail transport services market is constantly opening up for new companies. The main aim of each railway undertaking providing these services is to increase its transport performance and make a profit. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to survive in a competitive environment. Also, the public services market has been opening and railway undertakings compete for the most advantageous contracts. If the company wants to manage its profit well, then it is important to monitor the key economic indicators continuously and evaluate their impact on business activities. This paper deals with controlling tools as a means of monitoring deviations in operating revenues and costs and suggests the methodology for application of this process to business practice. Proposed methodology uses various controlling tools and forms the basis for operational and strategic decision-making process in a passenger railway undertaking. The use of the methodology is also demonstrated on a model example.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ РОЛИ ГОРОДСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА

Urban public transport was important during its inception. The decline in the role of public transport, at the moment, is caused by a decrease in the quality of services provided by it and an increase in the number of personal vehicles among the population. We should not forget about the situation caused by the results of the pandemic and self-isolation in 2020-2021. The commercial sector is interested in working on economically profitable routes. However, vehicles at the disposal of private entrepreneurs, most often, do not meet the requirements of safety and accessibility for all citizens. Public authorities of the appropriate level are interested in increasing the attractiveness of urban public transport and the development of organizations engaged in passenger transportation, as this can have a direct impact on the development of the urban economy as a whole. This requires the development of recommendations to increase the role of public transport. To this end, this problem is considered taking into account the interests of the main participants in the market of urban public transport services, namely: authorities, carriers, consumers of passenger transport services. It is necessary to intensify the use of public-private partnership mechanisms in the field of public transport services, one of the most popular forms of which is a contract for the performance of services. There is a need to define modern requirements for the quality of service and the composition of services provided by urban transport, the terms of contracts and measures to increase the interest of commercial organizations in participating in the competition for the implementation of activities on commercially inefficient routes of urban passenger transport. It is possible to use other forms of public-private partnership, for example, such as concession, lease, benchmarking, crowdfunding (public financing).