Public Service Announcements Research Articles

"Miking Against COVID in Bangladesh"

Monzur Patwary of the Task Force for Global Health presents an array of tailored cultural responses to COVID-19 developed in his native Bangladesh. Underfunded centralized health services collaborate with NGOs in the creation of lively public service announcements in local dialects, video endorsements by faith leaders, and works of popular theater, art, and visual culture.

The Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe COVID-19 Pandemic Response: A Case Study.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe of southeastern Massachusetts requested US federal government assistance. The tribe collaborated successfully with many partners in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this case study, the authors describe the tribe's collaboration with a team from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention who assisted with epidemiology, case investigation and contact tracing, infection prevention and control, community prevention measures, and vaccination. Collaborative efforts resulted in over 200 public service announcements and videos produced, 55 tribal staff trained, 222 people followed up for contact tracing, 80% of tribal members vaccinated, and 5 COVID-19 response plans written. Deployment response teams learned elements essential to partnering with a Native American tribe. This successful partnership during a rapidly evolving pandemic suggests the US federal government and tribal nations can work together effectively to build response capacity for future infectious disease threats.

Use of Internet Memes in PSAs: Roles of Perceived Emotion, Involvement with Memes, and Attitudes Toward the Issuing Organization in Perceived PSA Effectiveness

ABSTRACT To help solve the diabetes problem in Singapore, we developed humorous and fearful public service announcements (PSAs) based on popular Internet memes and investigated how the emotions derived from PSAs affect Singaporean millennials’ perceptions of PSAs’ effectiveness. In total, 416 people participated in the study through a Singaporean online survey company. Multivariable linear regression methods with SPSS were used to examine our hypotheses and research questions. According to the results, message manipulation significantly increased participants’ perceived emotion (i.e. perceived humor and fear). Moreover, the results showed that perceived humor and fear were positively associated with perceived PSA effectiveness in both models, testing the humor effect and fear effect separately. As per the moderation analysis, the association between the perceived emotion (i.e. humor and fear) and the perceived PSA effectiveness is likely to increase when attitudes toward the organization are less positive. Moreover, the association between perceived fear and perceived PSA effectiveness is likely to increase when participants’ involvement with memes is low. Our findings highlight important theoretical and practical implications for future studies investigating the effectiveness of Internet meme-based PSA messages regarding serious health issues.

Public service announcements: A literature review and way forward

AbstractThis paper presents a literature review of public service announcements (PSAs). Using the SPAR‐4‐SLR protocol, we uncover 119 articles on PSAs in the domains of corporate social responsibility (CSR), the environment, health, finance, safety, and security. The literature review reveals that PSA makers may elicit empathy during their appeal and also juxtapose PSAs with narratives. Further, they may consider using fear, humour, and nurturance appeals. We cull the key takeaways from each domain and identify commonalities and differences across the domains. In addition, we offer strategies to make PSAs effective. PSA makers may run more PSAs, use targeted appeals, and use fewer celebrity appeals. The paper also identifies gaps in the literature and outlines future research directions.

Recognizing Local Champions in Infection Prevention and Control.

Recognizing Local Champions in Infection Prevention and Control.

Emniyet Kemerinin Trafik Güvenliğindeki Rolü: Kamu Spotlarının Nitel Analizi

Trafikte emniyet kemerinin kullanımı, meydana gelebilecek trafik kazalarında ağır yaralanma riskini önemli ölçüde azaltmaktadır. Bu nedenle yasal düzenlemeler, trafikte motorlu taşıt kullanan sürücülerin emniyet kemeri takmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Trafikte emniyet kemeri takmayan sürücülere yaptırım uygulanarak, emniyet kemeri kullanma alışkanlığı kazandırılmasına çalışılmaktadır. Bunun yanında trafikte emniyet kemeri kullanımının önemine yönelik farkındalık oluşturmak amacıyla da çeşitli kamu spotları hazırlanmaktadır. Bu kamu spotlarında yer verilen görsel ve yazılı göstergeler üzerinden trafikte sürücülerin emniyet kemeri kullanımı teşvik edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, trafikte emniyet kemeri kullanımını teşvik etmek üzere hazırlanan kamu spotlarında ne tür mesajların verildiğinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için çalışmada emniyet kemeri kullanımı ve trafik güvenliği üzerine hazırlanan kamu spotlarındaki görsel ve yazılı göstergeler, trafik güvenliği bağlamında Louis Hjelmslev’in Gösterge Modeli üzerinden göstergebilim yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, kamu spotlarında yer alan mesajların ölüm, yaralanma ve aile vurgusu üzerinden şekillendiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu açıdan incelenen kamu spotlarında, korku çekiciliği ve hüzün çekiciliği türünde duygu çekicilikleri kullanılarak insanların trafikte emniyet kemeri kullanmasının teşvik edilmeye çalışıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

ASSESSING DISASTER PREPAREDNESS OF ADULT INDIVIDUALS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF DISASTER WORKERS WITH A SPECIFIC FOCUS ON ANDRAGOGY

The study aimed to assess the disaster preparedness level of individuals through the perspective of disaster workers with a focus on andragogy. Qualitative research was conducted using the phenomenology design with a study group of 10 experts from the Trabzon Provincial Disaster and Emergency Management Authority, selected through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis by van Manen was used to analyze the data. The study found that disaster education was the most critical issue in disaster events, emphasizing the need to create awareness through education. The content of disaster education should be interesting to address the resistance of adult individuals, and disaster preparedness should begin at various stages, including simulation training. Education should be sustainable, mandatory, and tailored to regional conditions, supported by visual aids, videos, and public service announcements. Disaster awareness culture should be fostered, and education should be designed to eliminate prejudice among adult individuals. It was further emphasized that individual safety must be ensured before communal safety within the initial 72 hours following a disaster, and having a readily available disaster kit is essential. 

Exploring the Association Between Suicide Prevention Public Service Announcements and User Comments on YouTube: A Computational Text Analysis Approach

In the United States, suicide rates have increased by 30% over the past few decades. Public service announcements (PSAs) are effective health promotion vehicles and social media can help spread PSAs to hard-to-engage individuals who may benefit from intervention efforts, yet the most meaningful characteristics of PSAs for influencing health promotion attitudes and behaviors are inconclusive. This study applied content and quantitative text analyses to suicide prevention PSAs and comments on YouTube to assess the relationships between message frame, message format, and the level of sentiment and help-seeking language within them. Seventy-two PSAs were analyzed for gain/loss-framing and narrative/argument-format, and 4,335 related comments were analyzed for positive/negative sentiment and frequency of help-seeking language use. Results indicate that a higher ratio of positive comments was more likely to be found on gain-framed and narrative-formatted PSAs, and a higher ratio of comments with help-seeking language was more likely to be found on narrative-formatted PSAs. Implications and future research are discussed.

The effects of short messages encouraging prevention behaviors early in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effectively addressing public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic requires persuading the mass public to change their behavior in significant ways. Many efforts to encourage behavior change-such as public service announcements, social media posts, and billboards-involve short, persuasive appeals, yet the effectiveness of these messages is unclear. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, we tested whether short messages could increase intentions to comply with public health guidelines. To identify promising messages, we conducted two pretests (n = 1,596) in which participants rated the persuasiveness of 56 unique messages: 31 based on the persuasion and social influence literatures and 25 drawn from a pool of crowdsourced messages generated by online respondents. The four top-rated messages emphasized: (1) civic responsibility to reciprocate the sacrifices of health care workers, (2) caring for the elderly and vulnerable, (3) a specific, sympathetic victim, and (4) limited health care system capacity. We then conducted three well-powered, pre-registered experiments (total n = 3,719) testing whether these four top-rated messages, and a standard public health message based on language from the CDC, increased intentions to comply with public health guidelines, such as masking in public spaces. In Study 1, we found the four messages and the standard public health message significantly outperformed a null control. In Studies 2 and 3, we compared the effects of persuasive messages to the standard public health message, finding that none consistently out-performed the standard message. This is in line with other research showing minimal persuasive effects of short messages after the very early stages of the pandemic. Across our studies, we found that (1) short messages can increase intentions to comply with public health guidelines, but (2) short messages featuring persuasive techniques from the social science literature did not substantially outperform standard public health messages.

Produksi Iklan Layanan Masyarakat dalam Menciptakan Citra Positif Panti Pelayanan Sosial Anak (PPSA) Worowiloso, Salatiga

Children are the next generation of indonesia. children walfare is a benchmark for the future of indonesia. In order to create a promises future, children’s neeed must be guaranteed. One of government program to meet the need of children walfare are provide a children’s social service. Worowiloso children’s social service is one of the technical implementation units under Central Java Social Service which is providing compensation, guidance, and rehabilitation to a neglacte child in order to get welfare. However, their program to help the children walfare has still not known widely by people. Therefore, the outhor wants to help Worowiloso Children’s Social Service by making public service announcements in the form of poster and brochure to explain about their program in order to fulffil children walfare and create a positive image of Worowiloso Children’s Social Service.

191 Hollywood, Health & Society: Infusing Cutting-Edge Science into Popular Media

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Partner with the entertainment industry to build trust in science and research, especially among high-disparity and underserved communities, through inclusion of research themes on popular television shows. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To date, our partnerships with TV writers have led to inclusion of clinical research storylines on 10 popular TV shows (e.g., Grey’s Anatomy with an audience of 7M). We are now conducting research on show popularity among diverse audiences, and interviewing medical and entertainment experts to understand health priorities and potential entry-points to deliver targeted outreach. We are also analyzing keywords in scripts to assess frequency and sentiment of medical topics in entertainment. Our team also consults with the TV community regarding storylines and public service announcements on health and innovations in medicine. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate reporting insights into current and shifting narratives around future-of-medicine topics. Building on work that reached over 64M viewers, more frequent and accurate depictions will likely be related to positive changes in attitudes, behaviors, and trust regarding health and science. The overall goal is to foster attitudes among high-disparity and underserved populations that will increase service utilization and early screenings, foster trust in research and evolving medical technologies, and combat misinformation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: By working with television writers of shows proven to be popular among key audiences, this initiative has the potential to reach millions of viewers in their homes with important and timely information modeling healthy behavior, providing accurate facts, depicting cutting edge research, and emphasizing diversity in medical research.

On the Politics of Viruses and Visibility

On the Politics of Viruses and Visibility

Examining the effectiveness of public service announcements in encouraging pro-health behaviors: self-referent mental simulation and empowerment as mediators

Mental simulation, as a self-regulation resource, can link thoughts to action; for example, if story-based public service announcements (PSAs) promote pro-health behaviors, they may elicit self-referent mental simulation that evokes a sense of empowerment among consumers, thereby increasing their intentions to adopt the advocated health behaviors. Focusing on this mental simulation and empowerment mechanism, this paper argues that the effects of such narrative-triggered, self-referent mental simulation on behavioral intentions through empowerment are more likely to emerge among health-conscious consumers, who are motivated to empower themselves to cope with health issues. Study 1 confirms a model in which PSAs with stories (vs. without stories) influence behavioral intentions through self-referent mental simulation and empowerment; this mediation process is moderated by health consciousness. Studies 2 and 3 demonstrate that message foci (process-plus-outcome stories vs. outcome stories) and types of anticipated emotion (positive vs. negative) differ in generating this moderated mediation process.

The Public Service Announcements of Alcoholics Anonymous Association in the Light of Karl Bühler’s Organon Model

1935 yılında ABD’de kurulan Adsız Alkolikler (AA), günümüzde Türkiye de dâhil olmak üzere pek çok ülkede alkolizme karşı mücadele veren bir dernektir. Dernek tarafından alkolizme karşı farkındalık oluşturmak amacıyla toplantılar düzenlenmektedir. Bunun yanında dernek, alkolizmin önlenmesine yönelik çeşitli kamu spotları hazırlatmaktadır. Bu kamu spotlarında kullanılan çeşitli görsel ve yazılı göstergeler üzerinden de alkolizme yönelik fakındalık oluşturulmasına çalışmaktadır. Çalışmada AA tarafından hazırlanan kamu spotlarında alkolizmin nasıl sunulduğunun ve alkolizme karşı hangi mesajların verildiğinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada AA tarafından hazırlanan kamu spotlarında yer alan görsel ve yazılı göstergeler, Karl Bühler’in Organon Modeli ışığında alkolizm boyutunda analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada kamu spotlarındaki göstergelerde alkolizmin, bireyin işine ve yakınlarına zarar veren bir bağımlılık olarak ön plana çıkarıldığına yönelik bulguya ulaşılmıştır. Bu kapsamda da metalepsis ve metafordan yararlanılmıştır. Bu şekilde çalışmada kamu spotlarında bireylerin işi ve yakınları üzerinden alkolizme yönelik farkındalık oluşturulmasına ve bireyin alkolizmden kurtarılmasına çalışıldığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Using Our Voice: Supporting College Student Mental Health Through Radio Outreach in a Mental Health Nursing Course.

The COVID-19 pandemic affected clinical placements for nursing students throughout the United States, especially in rural areas. Public service announcements were created through a collaborative service-learning project between the school of nursing and the university radio station. Baccalaureate nursing students developed and delivered short public service announcements focused on issues of loneliness, stress, and anxiety and provided information about community resources. The alignment of this meaningful project with course learning outcomes gave students exposure to the social determinants of health as well as best practices in mental health outreach.

Policy Opportunities and Legal Considerations to Reform SNAP-Authorized Food Retail Environments.

There is an invigorated national interest in nutrition security, with emphasis on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) playing a key role. To support healthy food purchasing, several strategies have emerged to modify the food retail environment. However, the legal feasibility of several such policy options has not been established. Research was conducted using Lexis+ to evaluate statutes, regulations, and case law to determine the legal feasibility of requiring retail-based SNAP signage and nutrition disclosures, healthy endcaps and checkout aisles, and tying advertising restrictions to the licensing of SNAP retailers. US in-store and online food retail retailers. Legal feasibility. Requiring retailers that designate certain foods or locations as SNAP-eligible to consistently do so in all SNAP-eligible pages/locations is likely feasible. If properly drafted to focus on the nutritional quality of food, healthy checkout and endcap restrictions are legally feasible. It is of unclear legal feasibility to require retailers (especially in-store) to disclose nutrition-related labeling, shelf tags, or nonfactual symbols indicating the relative healthfulness of products. Restricting or banning advertising is not legally feasible even if the government ties the restrictions to retail licensing requirements. Entities seeking to support healthy food retail should not seek to restrict advertising or compel retailers to convey messages against their interests. The government can license retailers and require them to abide by laws and other requirements that do not violate their constitutional rights. The government can also use its own speech through public service announcements, billboards, and transit advertising to encourage healthy food consumption for all shoppers including those who use SNAP. Additional research is warranted into online retail practices to evaluate variations in online checkout pages and to determine whether online retailers treat SNAP participants differently from non-SNAP participants.

It’s 10 O’clock: Do You Know Where Your State Legislature Is?

It’s 10 O’clock: Do You Know Where Your State Legislature Is?

Influence of Public Service Announcements on Primary Health Care Delivery in Nigeria

This paper examined the influence of public service announcements on primary healthcare delivery in Nigeria. The study adopted the explorative research method which reviewed literatures by scholars as related to this study. Two empirical reviews were understudied, the theory of reasoned action and social marketing theory were adopted and studied. The study recommended that all government should review their financial allocations to health care delivery in line with global best practices . High priority programmes for primary healthcare should be considered and additional resources that may be available deployed, more staff should be trained and increase in wages for those who will agree to serve in the area, effective public service announcements messages should also be strategically planned by communicators to influence behaviours; etc

Examining Filem Negara Malaysia's Animated Public Service Announcement on Public Health and Safety Issues

The former government-owned production house Filem Negara Malaysia or FNM was responsible for recording major historical events and generating thematic government campaigns. The most typical ones in this regard are animated public service announcements (PSAs) that address public health and safety issues. Despite its significance, little research has been conducted on its content, including the visual story and message intent. In light of this, a sample animated PSA titled Nyamuk Aedes, produced in 1978, was examined in this study. According to the findings, the plot of Nyamuk Aedes (1978) can be divided into three acts: 1. the setup; 2. the confrontation; and 3. the resolution. There are also artistic impressions, Anthropomorphic cartoon characters, and amusing elements. As a visual narrative strategy, this animated PSA employs a binary opposition notion and a fear-based appeal to influence audience perception. We conclude that FNM's animated PSA not only communicates important public health and safety issues, but also helps to build a nation.

An Analysis of the November 25 Prevention of Violence against Women Public Service Advertisement Published in Turkey in the Fight against Violence

The mass media encompasses the entire field of daily practices and social life through verbal and semiotic language, which causes changes in the behaviour patterns of social actors. Social reality is reproduced again and again through mass media and media. It is seen that these tools are used to change perception-behaviour in the desired direction in the purposeful composition of this production. In this context, public service announcements to be presented through mass media, which can be instrumentalized based on social problems, can raise awareness. One of these problems is the existence of violence in different fields and especially violence against women. Apart from the standard legal steps, social awareness is increased to solve the violence problem in Turkey. Various public service ads and printed materials were prepared to raise awareness and behaviour change about the situation. In this context, the public service advertisement named "November 25, International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women" was analyzed with the semiotic analysis technique. Accordingly, in ads, it is underlined that characters exposed to violence, as in TV series, have also been intensely exposed to violence in the past. It is emphasized that violence is a learned behaviour.