Public Sector Universities Research Articles

A Cross Sectional Study on the Risk Factors of Illicit Drug use Among the University Students

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of illicit drug use among university students of private and public universities. And also, to assess risk factors of illicit drug use. Methods: This study was conducted at DHQ Hospital Faisalabad and the duration of this study was from November 2020 to April 2022. This was a cross sectional study design, in which data was collected from 600 students of public and private sector universities. The sample had an equal gender proportion i.e 300 males and 300 females. Data was collected through questionnaires. The data was then analyzed for the prevalence of illicit drug use among university students and also the associating risk factors of illicit drug use. Chi square test was performed to find out the association of illicit drug use to various factors such as age, living status, availability, source of drug, frequency of intake etc. Result: According to data analysis 17.3% students of government colleges were using more than one drug while 82.6% were using single drugs. 26.3% students of private colleges were using more than one drug while 73.6% were using single drug. 80% of public sector had abused prescribed drugs. 73.6% of private sector had abused prescribed drugs. 19.2% public sector students knew multiple drug suppliers. 46.9% students revealed that the drug was available within the university premises. Practical Implication: Our finding of the increased risk of illicit drug use among the university students has added an important information to the literature in this research area. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors of illicit drug use among the public and private university students of Punjab. We also tried to learn the reason for the usage of these drugs and also whether these are any factors associated with use of these illicit drug. Conclusion: Illicit drug use is more prevalent in boarders as compared to day scholars. A chunk of the students revealed that the drugs most commonly used are cheap. Drugs are more easily available in public sector universities as compared to private ones. There has been a gradual increase in the frequency of drug intake per day in addicts. Illicit drugs had an overall negative effect on the academics of students. A good proportion of the sample believes that parental care plays a key role in preventing their child from indulging into any type of illicit drug use. Keywords: Drugs, Risk Factors, Addicts, Maladaptive, Psychologically, Neurotransmitters

Development and Validation of Scale to Assess Effective Integration of Information and Communication Technologies during Research Supervision Process at Public sector Universities of Pakistan

Development and Validation of Scale to Assess Effective Integration of Information and Communication Technologies during Research Supervision Process at Public sector Universities of Pakistan

Impact of personal innovativeness, perceived smartphone ease of use and mobile self-efficacy on smartphone-based personal information management practices

PurposeAlthough, smartphones have facilitated users to keep their personal information, nonetheless, less has been investigated about factors affecting personal information management (PIM) practices. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how personal innovativeness, perceived ease of use (PEOU) and mobile self-efficacy affect PIM (e.g. finding/re-finding, keeping, organizing and maintaining) practices.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative research design was used in this study. The authors collected data from 222 students of information management from public sector universities using a questionnaire. PLS modeling technique was used to analyze data.FindingsThe authors noted that personal innovativeness significantly impacts finding/refinding information, whereas it insignificantly affects keeping, organizing and maintaining information practices. In addition, smartphone PEOU significantly influences information finding and refinding, information keeping and organizing information, whereas insignificantly influences information maintaining. Moreover, mobile self-efficacy was noted to be significantly associated with finding and refinding information, information keeping, information organizing and information maintaining.Originality/valueThis research is an important contribution to the body of existing literature, as it proposed an integrated model based on constructs extracted from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Social Cognitive Theory, personal innovativeness and PIM. This study also has practical significance because the findings of this study would be helpful for smartphone application developers and LIS school directors to design programs for information literacy.

REGULATING TEACHING AND PRACTICE OF AESTHETIC MEDICINE AND SURGERY

The practice of Aesthetic medicine and surgery sits across the divide of different specialties; Dermatolo­gy and Plastic Surgery in particular. Besides these two specialties Maxillofacial surgery, Ophthalmology, and Otolaryngology also practice aesthetic medicine and surgery. Aesthetic Medicine is evolving as a Specialty in itself globally, and in Pakistan. There is a growing demand for minimally invasive cosmetic procedures (MICPs) including Botox, fillers, chemical peels, and lasers. In 2018, 15.9 million MICPs were performed in the United States, an increase of 228 percent in com­parison to the year 2000.1 However, the exact data pertaining to these procedures is lacking in Pakistan. Dermatologists, and to an extent plastic surgeons, are considered more appropriately trained to address the growing demands of a population with aesthetic con­cerns.2 Besides these two specialties, other special­ties and non-medical providers such as aestheticians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants are pro­viding these services the world over and locally. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Educa­tion (ACGME) has categorized Dermatologic surgery education into 3 categories: competency, significant exposure, and education. Though competency requires direct training, significant exposure may be achieved through direct observation or assistance, whereas edu­cation is defined as available educational material with­out direct exposure.3 There is no data pertaining to the satisfaction of residents regarding training in Cosmetic Dermatology and aesthetics during residency. However, studies from the West point towards a lack of satisfac­tion in training.4 Dermatology residency programs in Pakistan of­fered by the College of Physicians and Surgeons have incorporated mandatory rotations in Lasers and logging of cases at level 2 or observer status. A survey con­ducted by Asher et. al. amongst Dermatology residents working across Pakistan reported that 65 percent of the participants of the survey wanted to take up Der­matologic Surgery as a subspecialty after completing their fellowship in Dermatology.5 A survey reported that 70% of Canadian residents plan to offer aesthetic ser­vices in the future.6 In order, to bridge the gap and train doctors in aes­thetic medicine and surgery, there has been a mush­room growth of academies that conduct certificate courses charging the doctors heavily. On top of it, the practice of Aesthetics is costly and mostly conducted in private setups, with minimal regulations. Moreover, there has been a huge unregulated influx of allied healthcare professionals and nonphysician operators (NPOs’), in aesthetic medicine.7 Complications are more common in invasive proce­dures performed by cosmetic technicians, estheticians, and employees of medical and dental healthcare pro­viders who are not trained for these procedures and there is little or no physician supervision as compared to facilities run by dermatologists Unfortunately, most of institutes imparting education/training in aesthetic medicine offer a short course Thus, after attending a one-day training course, they start performing medi­cal procedures on patients without baseline knowledge and training. The College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan recently introduced Fellowship in Paediatric Dermatology as a subspecialty of Dermatology as well as Paediatrics. With the increase in the demand for Aesthetic procedures and practice by multiple special­ties, CPSP may introduce a subspecialty in Aesthetics or Cosmetic Dermatology which is under consideration by the Faculty of Dermatology of CPSP. It is the responsibility of various medical and pro­fessional associations of relevant specialties, in partic­ular dermatology and plastic surgery, to bridge the gap in teaching for their members in order to regulate the cost and quality of training. The College of Physicians and Surgeons on its part need to expedite the sub­specialty programs to address the needs of specialists aspiring to adopt Aesthetic medicine and surgery as a profession. Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) should devise regulations pertaining to education as well as the practice of aesthetics in consultation with the College of Physicians and Surgeons and Public sector Universities. The rules and regulations adopted by the PMDC, be­ing the regulatory body, should be adopted by Provincial Healthcare regulatory bodies responsible for overseeing licensing and registration of both public and private sector healthcare establishments to ensure quality, efficiency, and safety in healthcare.

Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Modeling: Applying Vitae Researchers’ Development Framework through the Lens of Web 2.0 Technologies for Vocational-Health Education Researchers

Background and Purpose: The development of research knowledge, skills, and attitudes among postgraduate vocational-health education students is a crucial outcome of their degree program. This study focuses on the research competences of vocational-health education students and their use of web 2.0 technologies to enhance research productivity. The study employs the Vitae Researcher Development Framework (RDF) and examines the use of web 2.0 technologies. Method: The study surveyed 390 postgraduate vocational-health education students enrolled in universities in Pakistan. Of the participants, 50.5% were male, 49.5% were female, 45.1% were from private universities, and 54.9% were from public sector universities. Moreover, 68.2% were Master’s students, while 31.8% were doctoral students. The data were analyzed through both symmetrical and asymmetrical modeling techniques, including Partial least square equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), to measure the direct and indirect specific relationships among the constructs. Results: The results confirmed that research competences and web 2.0 technologies have a direct effect on research productivity. Furthermore, the results revealed that web 2.0 technologies mediate in the relationship between research competences and research productivity. Conclusions: The study concludes that research competences and web 2.0 technologies predict research productivity. Additionally, web 2.0 technologies have an intervening role in the relationship between research competences and research productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic emergency. Implications: This study highlights the broader implications for health education policymakers and institutions to include web 2.0 technologies in their development plans. Future studies can develop web 2.0-based instructional strategies for the professional development of advanced vocational-health education researchers. Originality: This study contributes to the knowledge of research competences, web 2.0 technologies, and research productivity for vocational-health education researchers.

Artificial Intelligence in Learning Management System: A Case Study of the Students of Mass Communication

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in learning and education is not new. However, the rise of the Covid-19 pandemic led to a focus on its role in Learning Management Systems (LMS). This study also examined the role of AI in the LMS with features including Natural Language Processing and Reasoning. The researchers used a self-proposed model and gathered data from the mass communication students in two public sector universities in Pakistan. Results revealed that Artificial Intelligence is integral to Learning Management Systems (LMS) in the selected institutions. Further, the effect of Natural Language Processing (NLP) on Reasoning indicated these two factors as interlinked, improving the quality of LMS. Additionally, Natural Language Processing significantly mediated the effect of AI on the LMS, showing that language processing facilitates LMS usage among students. Finally, the results also indicated the significant mediation effect of Reasoning on the relationship s between AI and the LMS. Overall, the results also remained supported towards the incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) along with Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Reasoning in Learning Management Systems (LMS). The researchers conclude that AI in Learning Management Systems is widely applied in Pakistani institutions. The young students also acknowledge the benefits of AI-enabled LMS that have enhanced their learning experiences and provided them with logical solutions and answers to their complex queries. Further, the study limitations are discussed and highlighted accordingly.

Analysis of Individual Performance through Job Satisfaction: A Study of Faculty Members in Public Sector Universities in Sindh, Pakistan

Job satisfaction is the fundamental factor to enhance individual job performance. The teacher's performance affects the optimum level of university students learning and development. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of job satisfaction on individual teachers' performance in public sector universities in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The empirical data was collected through structured questionnaires. A sample of 500 working faculty members was chosen and a structured questionnaire was distributed among them. KMO is 0.653. The reliability of scales is above 0.7. A single Harman test suggests 14% variations in 1st factor. Component matrix applied for the relationship among items. Findings suggest that compensation (β= 0.293, p=0.000), promotional opportunities (β=0.128, p=0.046), work environment (β=0.112, p=0.015), training opportunities (β=0.136, p=0.034), relationship with supervisor (β=0.223, p=0.000), nature of work (β=0.274, p= 0.000) and performance appraisal (β=0.139, p=0.000) are found conducive to enhancing individual performance but workgroup (β=0.185, p=0.057)has no impact in the enhancement of individual performance. It demonstrates that job satisfaction is a significant element in improving individual performance. Job Satisfaction policies should be developed by management to maintain the contentment of their teachers. The hygiene components of Herzberg's theory should be thoroughly studied and implemented in public sector universities to improve job satisfaction and maximize teaching performance.

Factors Affecting Learning Expectancy through Open Educational Resources A Case of Higher Education in Punjab - Pakistan

The focused of this study was to know the factor affecting learning expectancy through open educational resources at higher educational level. Open educational resources means that give unbiased entrance to information and knowledge at any level for everyone. The main aim of the study was to measure the relationship between learning expectancy and open educational resources at higher education level. The current study used positivist paradigm of research which purely promotes quantitative research approach. The deep emphasis of quantitative design is to know objective reality and express this reality into numerical data. Similarly, target population of this study was comprised of all the students enrolled in BS, M. Phil and PhD Education Programs in public and private sector universities of Punjab province. In Probability sampling, non-proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used and sample size of the study was (N=400). Data was collected through structured questionnaires. Furthermore, data was analyzed through Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version-23. The main finding of the study revealed that .543 of variation in the dependent variable transformative is explained by the independent variables included in the model (UB, social influence, facilitating consideration, and m-learning technology characteristics, self-management learning technology, behavioral intention to use m-learning technology). This model is a good fit and has significant predictors of transformative.

Awareness about Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Practices related to COVID-19 at a Public Sector University of Larkana

The existence of the COVID-19 lethal virus highlights the urgent need to create a comprehensive awareness campaign for implementing infection control methods to lower the disease prevalence of this rapidly spreading infection. Objective: To determine the level of awareness about knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices related to COVID-19 among faculty members at a medical university in Larkana. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 participants of any age group and both genders by using a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was performed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Categorical data were presented in the form of frequency and percentages, while, continuous data were shown in the median and interquartile range. Results: The results demonstrated that 66.2% were male, and almost half, 49.3% of the participant’s age group was 31-40 years. 94% of the participants had good knowledge, 67% had a good attitude, and 88% had good preventive practices, 69% believed that lack of awareness could cause difficulty in halting the spread of COVID-19. Social media (61.6%) followed by friends and family (24.3%) were the first sources to learn about the disease. Conclusions: Most of the respondents had good knowledge, attitude, and practice of COVID-19. Social media and other online platforms were the participants’ major information sources

Impediments of Online Learning and Teaching During Covid Pandemic: A Case of University Students in Punjab, Pakistan

Due to COVID-19, online learning has become a major source of imparting knowledge around the world. But for developing countries, such as Pakistan, where only a small fraction have access to the Internet, this is quite challenging. The purpose of the study is, therefore, to examine vulnerabilities among university students across the province of Punjab, Pakistan, which emerged due to sudden changes in Pakistan's education system as a result of the coronavirus outbreak and the implementation of a nationwide lockdown. An online survey was conducted, and a sample of 379 students was selected from three different faculties at the University of Sargodha (Main Campus), which is one of the largest public sector universities in Punjab, Pakistan. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as percentage, cross tabulation, and multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that load-shedding, high technology costs, poor connectivity, a lack of institutional support, and a lack of face-to-face interaction are significant impediments to students, traditional learning and teaching pedagogy cannot simply apply to online learning and teaching, and that new ways of thinking and doing things are required to develop a new pedagogy that takes into account all of the variables that have been mentioned in the study.

Academic leadership during the time of crisis: Success story of implementation success from traditional to online mode of education in a low-resource context

The beginning of 2020 was marked by the spread of the COVID-19 virus, which led to a global response in terms of lockdown measures by several countries and landed academics to offer online settings for teaching, research, and administrative activities. The situation led universities to respond quickly and effectively to address the needs of teachers, staff, students, and society. This study provides an overview of Active Implementation Frameworks (AIFs) adopted by a public-sector women’s university to overcome the hurdles due to the pandemic lockdown. The study provides evidence that AIFs are effective for implementing evidence-based models by promoting the development and deployment of innovations through implementation teams in a resource-constraint setting. The result of AIFs adoption by the university was the closure of the academic year on time along with global recognition of the university’s efforts during the pandemic by World Universities with Real Impact 2020. Fatima Jinnah Women University was ranked in the top 50 in crisis management category. This recognition is a testimony to the application of best practices for transforming higher education to not only survive but thrive in uncertain times and serves as a roadmap for public-sector universities to adapt to their contextual realities.

Investigating pension choice factors among the faculty of public sector universities in Pakistan

PurposeThis research designed, optimized and tested a context-specific scale to evaluate public sector employees' pension choices.Design/methodology/approachThe authors developed the scale using a comprehensive process of interviews and focus groups with experts across academia and finance. The authors used the refined scale to collect data from 564 faculty members in public sector universities following a multistage systematic cluster sampling technique. The findings revealed diversity in choice across different socio-economic and demographic variables.FindingsThe results revealed that items related to the defined benefit pension system explain most of the data variance and are preferred widely. This is followed by a preference for monetizing pension benefits and a defined contribution system. These findings indicated the need for flexible pension plans.Practical implicationsTherefore, the progressive movement towards monetization and the shift from defined benefit to a defined contribution pension system due to economic pressures must be accurately calculated and introduced where it is suitable.Originality/valueAlthough the theory of introducing a defined contribution pension system and monetization system is appealing, its practical implementation may not be encouraging for all employees.

Challenges of Implementing Education for Sustainable Development: University Teachers’ Perspectives

There have been proven and successful developments in the field of Higher Education for Sustainable Development over the past 15 years (Leal Filho et al., 2017). Universities, in particular, are essential to achieving the SDGs that equip the next generation with knowledge, and enable them to address sustainability challenges (Avila et al., 2017). In this regard, teacher educators also play their role and use their expertise to train pre-service teachers to adopt sustainable practices. Research has also highlighted that teacher educators face numerous challenges in developing knowledge of sustainability among pre-service teachers. Through a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis procedures, this study explored the viewpoints of twenty-two teacher educators from eight public sector universities in Punjab. The findings indicated that teacher educators face many challenges including lack of commitment from students, lack of support from management, lack of time and lack of instructional resources, narrow-focused courses while integrating sustainability knowledge among pre-service teachers.

Shift or Maintenance: The Effects of Gender on Language Use among transplanted Khowar Speakers in Karachi, Pakistan

Pakistan is a diverse multiethnic country and has different cultures and languages. There are 74 languages spoken in the country (Siddiqui, 2019), year). However, different communities tend to migrate from their hometowns or rural areas to cities due to geographical, social, and economic mobility. In cities, they tend to adopt a new identity, culture, and language for sustainability. Karachi is the provincial capital and hub of various speech communities and faces these issues. This study focuses on an inter-provincial migrated Khowar community and their language use at home, neighborhood, educational institutions, and workplace domains in Karachi. It investigates the language use patterns with a focus on male and female Khowar speakers who have different roles and exposures in society. A qualitative case study has been undertaken with purposive and snowball sampling. Data for linguistic choices were taken from 20 young male and female Khowar speakers enrolled in a public sector university through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and underwent thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed differences in language use patterns across gender; female Khowar speakers are preserving the language in the home, neighborhood, and educational sector while the male speakers are shifting to Urdu and English in educational and social domains. However, the language practices for both males and females are changing within the workplace domains as Urdu is used as a common Lingua Franca for wider communication. Although the language use patterns have begun to change, the male and female Khowar speakers maintain a strong ethnolinguistic identity and affiliation with their community. Government, community members, and policymakers must be made aware of shifting language use among Khowar and other ethnic communities who have migrated to multilingual cities for a better understanding of the multilingual scenario in cities and drafting and designing the official language policy and planning at the provincial and federal level.

Effect of Deep-Level Workforce Diversity on Group Cohesion: The Moderating Role of Team Leadership

The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between deep-level workforce diversity and social cohesion, with team leadership acting as a moderating variable. The functional theory of workplace diversity suggests that effective leadership and group cohesion helps organization leverage the benefits of diversity by ensuring that team members with diverse skills, experiences, and perspectives work together harmoniously towards a common goal, resulting in improved performance and innovation. The sample for this research consisted of 213 employees from public sector universities in Quetta, the capital of Balochistan. The data was collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Smart PLS software. The results show that deep-level diversity has a negative relationship with group cohesion, while team leadership has a positive relationship with group cohesion. Additionally, team leadership acts as a moderator in the model, positively moderating the relationship between deep-level diversity and group cohesion. This suggests that team leadership can strengthen the relationship between deep-level diversity and group cohesion among faculty members and administrative staff.

A Study about the Impacts of Coach Behavior on Athletes’ Motivation: A Case Study of University’s Student-athletes

The aim of such a research paper is to identify the impacts of coach behavior on the motivation of student-athletes at the university level. A quantitative method of research is used with a descriptive research design and also follows the cross-sectional method of survey. A total of 370 student-athletes were included as samples from different public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan. The researcher has used two different scales, i.e. Coach Behavior and Athlete’s Motivation, for the collection of data from the respondents. The output of the study corresponds with the literature. It was concluded that coach behavior has a substantial impact on the motivation of student-athletes at public sector universities in KP Pakistan. Keeping in mind the restriction of the study, more investigations are needed to modify the findings. The current study has made efforts to provide realistic data to the public sector universities of KP, which will support the coaches to apprehend the coaching techniques to increase the motivation of the student-athletes at the university level.

PERCEPTION OF YOUTH REGARDING THE CREDIBILITY OF TV NEWS CHANNELS IN PAKISTAN

Television is considered a powerful mass medium, which is not only meant for dissemination and analyzing the news but also has a strong impact on the social, cultural, and political approach of the audience. The boom in the TV industry of Pakistan in the early 21st century has resulted in the massive popularity of private news channels among viewers. The Urdu transmission of these channels is one of the reasons for popularity as the national language is spoken and understood by the majority population all over the country. However, the credibility of the content remains an issue always. The purpose of this research is to find out the perception of youth regarding the credibility of leading TV news channels Dunya News, ARY News, and Geo News. The study examines the youth’s perception regarding the credibility of news content. It also seeks to find out to what extent, prime-time talk shows of these channels, “On the Front”, “Off the Record” and “Capital Talk” are considered credible among youth considers. The present study is survey research in which data was collected from the undergraduate students of public and private sector universities of Lahore. Data were analyzed through Descriptive Statistics. Further, T-test was applied to find out the difference in perception based on demographic characteristics. The results show that the youth is more interested in watching talk shows rather than news bulletins. TV news channels are popular among youth due to a better understanding of the Urdu language, but with compromised credibility. The viewers believe that every TV channel has a certain agenda and it gives coverage to every news with a political bias. This biasedness has raised a question about the credibility of news channels among young viewers. Keywords: Perception, Credibility, Talk shows, News Channels, Political Bias

Development of a Scale to Measure Environmental Consciousness of Pre-Service Teachers in Punjab, Pakistan

This research aimed to design a scale for measuring pre-service teachers’ environmental consciousness. A systematic literature review was carried out to develop initial items for measuring pre-service teachers’ environmental consciousness. A total of 64 items were finalized for the scale under five parts, with seventeen items under knowledge, attitude, pedagogies, beliefs, and practices of pre-service teachers regarding environmental consciousness. Through a survey, this scale was administered to 362 pre-service teachers from public sector universities offering teacher education programs in Punjab. The validity of the scale is ensured through expert opinion, and reliability (inter-item consistency) is confirmed through Cronbach’s alpha test. The reliability value was found to be .863 for items on the scale. Validity and reliability were statistically tested by conducting exploratory factor analysis. Values of factor loading range from a maximum of .800 to .501. After exploratory factor analysis, a total of 23 items were removed, and the final scale consisted of 41 items. The final scale indicates appropriate reliability and validity regarding five factors related to environmental consciousness. Theoretically, this scale contributes significantly to identifying and measuring the environmental consciousness of pre-service teachers. The scale for environmental consciousness of pre-service teachers could be useful for understanding the environment and also helpful in investigating relation relationship among different variables regarding environmental consciousness.

When You Have Nothing to Say, Say Nothing! Suffering Silence Leads to Psychological Distress: A Test of Mediated Moderation Model

In this research, we scrutinized the intervening title role of interpersonal deviance and the moderation effect of ingratiation concerning employee silence and psychological distress. A cross-sectional survey design was employed and data were together from 200 academic staff of public sector universities of Quetta city. Employee silence makes a fuss of employees withhold valuable information which threatens their interpersonal needs and can lead to psychological dis-tress. Coping with this mechanism employees may cope with ingratiation. The association was exam-ined by spread over Hays Process (SPSS) to examine the direct and indirect effects. We also performed the CFA of the proposed model in AMOS. Our results showed that employee silence interpersonal deviance and ingratiation subsidize the omnipresence of psychological dis-tress and offer direct and collateral appliances.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE OF FACULTY MEMBERS WORKING ON TENURE TRACK SYSTEM AND BASIC PAY SCALE SYSTEM

Education is one of the drivers of economy and the role of higher education institutions (HEIs) as knowledge contributors to the nation’s economy is significant. Educational organizations being service organizations quality of service depends directly on the capability, commitment, and motivation of faculty who provide it and ensuring quality is a challenge for education managers. One method of ensuring quality is by assessing the performance of faculty and ranking them based on their performance against set standards-Academic Performance Indicators. Teachers of modern education system have to carry out multiple tasks- administrative, teaching, research, Services.This blend descriptive comparative study in the domain of quantitative research approach was aimed to describe the two independent variables, TTS and BPS with a third variable performance of the faculty members in teaching, research publication and services outreach program. The objectives of the study were to identify the difference between teaching performance, research publications and service outreach program of TTS and BPS faculty members. Faculty of public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan was the population of the study. Multistage Stratified random sampling was used to select a sample of 370 faculties and 1110 Graduate students from the Social Sciences and Basic Sciences from randomly selected universities. And data have been collected through questionnaires. Statistical analyses were done by employing t-tests, ANOVA through SPSS.