Publication Of Report Research Articles

Public Reporting of Heart Transplant Center Performance: Promoting Clarity or Causing Confusion?

BackgroundTransplant center report cards are publicly available and used by regulators, insurance payers, and importantly patients and families. ObjectivesIn this study, the authors sought to evaluate the variability in reported public performance ratings of pediatric and adult heart transplant centers. MethodsProgram-specific reports from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2017-2021 were used to evaluate stability, volatility, and reliability of 3 publicly reported ratings: waitlist survival (WS), getting to a faster transplant (FT), and post-transplantation graft failure (GF). ResultsThere were 112 adult and 55 pediatric centers. Over the study period, nearly all centers (98%) had at least 1 change in rating in at least 1 of the tiers. The average time to the first rating change of any magnitude was 12-18 months for all tiers and centers. For adult centers, the most volatile rating was WS (SD: 0.77), followed by GF (SD: 0.76) and then FT (SD: 0.57). For pediatric centers, the most volatile rating was WS (SD: 0.79), followed by both GF (SD: 0.66) and FT (SD: 0.68), which were equally volatile. All tiers except adult FT had an estimated Fleiss’s kappa <0.20, indicating poor agreement/consistency across the study period. In addition, the intraclass correlation coefficient for all tiers was <0.50, indicating poor reliability. ConclusionsThe current 5-tier reporting of transplant center performance is highly volatile and has poor reliability and consistency. Given the unintended and significant negative consequences these reports can have, critical revision of these ratings is warranted.

The gap between need and ability to use accounting information in public sector financial reports

This study focuses on predicting the needs, purposes, and usability of accounting information in general-purpose financial reports (GPFRs) to improve accounting theory significantly. Accounting reform in the public sector aims to provide reliable and valuable information to users. The study surveyed 374 public organizations using a survey questionnaire between March and June 2023. Collected data were tested for reliability using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and regression analysis using SPSS 29 software. The research findings indicate that users of accounting information (AI) within an organization have a greater need for and a better understanding of the usefulness of AI compared to external users; users in the public sector tend to use AI more frequently for accountability purposes; and AI for decision-making plays a more significant role compared to AI for accountability in terms of enhancing organizational performance. The findings have important practical implications. Firstly, accountability should be prioritised when developing a GPFR framework for the public sector. Secondly, in order to increase the usability of the AI, it is important to improve the ability of external users to understand and use the information on GPFRs. Finally, the strength of the connection between internal and external information users determines the level of usability of accounting information.

Green or green‐washed? Examining sustainability reporting in higher education

AbstractSustainability reporting has gained popularity across various fields, and the higher education sector is no exception. Higher education institutions across the globe are voluntarily investing time and resources into showcasing their activities and progress in sustainable development. Are these efforts just superficial instances of following a trend or do they exemplify a path towards an in‐depth transformation in the area of sustainability, as it is called for by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2015–2030? This article aims to answer this question by studying public sustainability reports of the top 50 UK universities, focusing on their self‐reflective elements and thematic comprehensiveness.

Exploring the use of blockchain-based tokens in the wine industry

Abstract A recent publication reports that the number of active Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in self-custodial wallets has grown exponentially in the past years across several industries. This study analyzed 65 token-based use cases in the wine sector. It was found that most current applications revolve around the downstream part of the supply chain. The research has also demonstrated that the various solutions involving fungible tokens and NFTs can be classified into three categories. Consequently, a taxonomy has been introduced. Furthermore, it was identified that digital tokens can solve current challenges in the wine industry related to provenance, proof of origin, authenticity, and fraud prevention. At the same time, the utilization of tokens enables an extended consumer interaction with the product. Managers potentially considering connecting their physical products and services with digital tokens can obtain insights towards their use in the web3 economy.

From Discrete Skills to Holistic Creative Human Potential: An Emerging Approach in Theory and Practice

The study aims to empirically demonstrate and conceptually interpret the manifestations of an emerging approach to the issues of human capital, its measurement and development on the international academic, expert, and corporate agenda. We document a gradual shift from a focus on individual skills, their measurement and development, to an approach that considers the complexity of human capital and emphasizes holistic individual activity and the proactive role of the individual in his/her human development and in transforming the corporate environment.The authors show that the formation of this novel approach can be associated with new trends in socio-economic development, including the growing share of non-routine jobs, the transformation of work formats and broader processes of de-structuration, which require a proactive role of the individual in the maintenance and development of social structures, including business organizations. The study has shown that the formation of this new approach occurs gradually and simultaneously at the global level on the academic, expert, and corporate agendas, but with varying degrees of intensity and with different focuses. At the same time, it is the corporate agenda that can be regarded as a frontier. This study is based on a content analysis of academic publications, expert reports of international organizations and think tanks, as well as public reports and documents of the world’s leading innovative companies. The research employs the Big Data intelligence system iFORA.

Failures and Repairs: An Examination of Software System Failure

The central theme of the article is to provide a better knowledge of software system failures and how to assure, maintain, and provide the support software systems that are in production. It includes the results of our search study. We conducted a qualitative analysis of thirty cases: fifteen from public incident reports and fifteen from in-depth interviews with engineers. Understanding and classifying failures as well as their identification, investigation, and mitigation were the main goals of our study. Furthermore, we obtained important analytical insights that are pertinent to the condition of practice as it is now and related problems. It is common for engineers to be unaware of the scaling limitations of the systems they support until those limits are exceeded, and failures have the potential to cascade across a system and cause catastrophic outages.We argue that the difficulties we've discovered may lead to changes in how systems are designed and supported.

Semantic learning and attention dynamics for behavioral classification in police narratives

The proactive identification of behavioral health incidents concerns from police reports is a critical yet underexplored area. The law enforcement officers provide follow-up services to improve community life by manually analyzing and identifying generated public narrative reports after the 911 incident calls. Therefore, automatically identifying these behavioral health calls from public narrative reports helps reduce the current manual labor-intensive identification process for law enforcement officers. In this work, we introduce a novel, multi-faceted approach that combines manual expert annotations, natural language processing (NLP), and cutting-edge machine learning strategies to classify and understand these incidents within police narratives efficiently. Our proposed method retrieves relevant narrative reports utilizing domain knowledge as behavioral health cues as terms/keywords. Our approach automatically extracts different categories of behavioral health cues by utilizing the limited domain knowledge enabled behavioral health terms using a cosine similarity-based thresholding approach. The behavioral health classification model employs an automatic attention-aware feature representation of terms/keywords, categories, and narrative reports to identify behavioral health cases with an accuracy of 85%. Extensive evaluation shows that our proposed model outperforms all the state-of-the-art models by approximately 4%.

Abstract 929: Characterizing first- &amp; second-generation follow on drugs: Clinical trial &amp; development timelines of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors

Abstract Once a promising new cancer therapy emerges, other manufacturers often develop drugs with the same molecular target. Some follow on drugs offer meaningful benefit via improved efficacy or reduced toxicity, but others offer minimal benefit. We hypothesized there are two cohorts of follow on drugs: those developed concurrently before efficacy &amp; safety of the therapy is established (first generation) &amp; those developed as follow ons after that point (second generation). We analyzed BTK inhibitor (BTKi) development to evaluate patterns of concurrent &amp; follow on development. Methods BTKis from 1996-2023 were identified in Pharmaprojects (Citeline, NY). We collected drug development information including indications pursued, development phase reached, &amp; outcome (ongoing development, discontinued development, or completed development with FDA approval). We constructed timelines including the first publicized report of the drug, Phase 2 initiation &amp; date of development discontinuation or FDA approval. Results We identified 19 BTKis targeting CLL, of which 6 (32%) were concurrent and 13 (68%) were follow-ons relative to ibrutinib’s 2014 approval. A cluster of new agents began development immediately after ibrutinib approval, suggesting two distinct groups in this case. We identified 10 BTKis for MCL, of which only 2 (20%) were concurrently developed drugs, and 8 (80%) were follow on, based on ibrutinib’s 2013 approval for MCL, with similar clustering to CLL. Conclusions Among BTKis, market entry progressed in two phases. In a first phase, a smaller group of sponsors attempted to demonstrate safety &amp; efficacy of the novel class. After proof of safety &amp; efficacy, lowering risks for later competitors, a follow on phase of development began in which multiple sponsors sought to enter the market. Knowledge of which drugs belong to which class can aid with evaluation of trial design as part of regulatory approval decisions &amp; with drug price negotiation. Bruton Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors in Clinical Stage Development in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Drug Sponsor Entry Date Date of approval/discontinuation Outcome Ibrutinib AbbVie/J&amp;J 12/12/2007 02/13/2014 Approved (first in class) Spebrutinib Bristol Myers Squibb 12/12/2008 01/16/2014 Discontinued Vecabrutinib Biogen/Viracta 04/07/2011 03/23/2016 Discontinued Tirabrutinib Gilead/Ono 01/14/2012 09/19/2023 Discontinued Fenebrutinib Roche 11/26/2013 Unknown Discontinued Pirtobrutinib Eli Lilly 12/27/2013 08/08/2023 Approved Acalabrutinib Acerta/AstraZeneca 01/01/2014 06/11/2019 Approved Luxeptinib Apstose Biosciences 08/19/2014 - Ongoing Zanubrutinib BeiGene 08/27/2014 01/14/2022 Approved Nemtabrutinib Merck 05/06/2016 - Ongoing Orelabrutinib Biogen, Beijing Innocare 06/20/2017 - Ongoing AS-1763 Carna Biosciences 11/24/2017 - Ongoing JNJ-624264681 J&amp;J 08/03/2018 - Ongoing HMPL-760 Hutchmed 06/10/2020 - Ongoing Citation Format: Ashwin Varma, William B. Feldman, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Edward R. Cliff. Characterizing first- &amp; second-generation follow on drugs: Clinical trial &amp; development timelines of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 929.

Adaptive attention-aware fusion for human-in-the-loop behavioral health detection

Identifying behavioral health is paramount for law enforcement officers to provide appropriate follow-up community care. In the current practice, law enforcement offices manually identify these behavioral health cases to allow the designation of the relevant follow-up resources. In this work, we develop a tool to automatically detect behavioral health cases from police public narrative reports by identifying behavioral health indicator signals. We propose a novel adaptive attention-aware fusion model for detecting behavioral health signals in sensitive police reports. Our model leverages contextual and semantic information from the reports and relevant behavioral health cues as keywords from a pre-trained attention-weighted keyword-based model. Our model also employs label self-attention mechanisms to correlate label embeddings with the report and keyword representations. Furthermore, we propose a novel clustering-based uncertainty-enabled informative sampling query strategy to integrate humans-in-the-loop in the active learning framework to reduce required annotation from experts. This querying strategy selects the most informative and diverse samples for expert annotation. Our experimental results showed that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art classifiers on a dataset of 300 manually annotated ground truth police reports, achieving an accuracy of 87.58% and an F1-score of 85.67%. Applying our querying strategy to our proposed model increased the detection of behavioral health, achieving an accuracy of 92% and an F1-score of 91.1%. Also, our proposed model achieves an accuracy score of 93.75% and an F1-score of 93.61% on unseen samples. Lastly, our proposed model demonstrates its interpretability by extracting the keywords associated with each behavioral health category.

Technology for Biobanking of Epididymal Spermatozoa from Patient with Obstructive Azoospermia: Case Report about Baby Born after Conventional Freezing Only with a Nonpermeable Cryoprotectant 360 kDa Polyvinylpyrrolidone.

This publication reports, for the first time, the birth of a healthy child after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of motile spermatozoa after conventional ("slow") freezing of epididymal spermatozoa using 5% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of high molecular weight (360 kDa). Cryopreservation solution with 10% PVP was added to 30 µL of spermatozoa suspension in a 1:1 ratio, with a final PVP concentration of 5%. Then, polycarbonate capillaries for oocyte denudation with a diameter of 170 µm were filled with 60 µL of the resulting sperm suspension. After that, the capillaries were placed for 10 minutes at a height of 15 cm above liquid nitrogen and immersed into liquid nitrogen. To warm the spermatozoa, the capillaries were immersed in a water bath at a temperature of 40°C for 30 seconds. Oocyte fertilization was performed by ICSI. Zygotes were cultured in vitro for 5 days to the blastocyst stage. More than 100 spermatozoa were obtained after percutaneous epidydimal sperm aspiration, of which 80% were motile. After cryopreservation, storage for 3 months in liquid nitrogen, and thawing, 72% of the total sperm cells remained motile. Ten oocyte-cumulus complexes were found after follicle puncture, and eight metaphase II stage oocytes were fertilized using ICSI. After 18 hours, two pronuclei were found in seven (88%) of the oocytes. An analysis of the morphological characteristics of 5-day-old embryos showed that four (57%) of them reached the blastocyst stage. One embryo was transferred, and the remaining embryos were cryopreserved (vitrified). The onset of pregnancy was detected on the 14th day after embryo transfer, and one healthy girl (3300 g) was born at term.

Public Influence on the Ethnic Disparity in Stop-and-Search Statistics in Four London Boroughs

The literature on police stop-and-search events over the last two decades has heavily criticised the police for being racially disproportionate towards young black men compared to their white counterparts, resulting in the police being labelled as institutionally racist. However, none of the literature considers the fact that the public reporting of incidents may have had a major and direct influence on police stop-and-search outcomes. This significant issue remains a hidden and under-researched area, even though the disproportionality of police stop-and-search incidents is the leading cause of the negative relationship between the police and black and minority ethnic groups. This study addresses this gap by examining public bias in reporting incidents that result in police stopping and searching an individual. This study addresses this gap by examining public bias in reporting incidents that result in police stopping and searching an individual. A mixed method approach has been taken and primary data has been collected through freedom of information requests from the four borough command units (BCU) of the Metropolitan Police with densely populated areas with Black and Asian minority groups to investigate the link between public calls or reports of incidents and the initiation of police stop-and-search events. This data has been measured against national stop and search statistics in line with demographic data gathered from National Census data for the areas. The research concludes that there is discrimination against black and minority ethnic groups in members of the public reporting concerns. Freedom of information request for quantitative data from the Metropolitan Police reveals that public calls for reported incidents are on average 8.4 times more likely to describe the perpetrator as black European rather than white and 23.9 times more likely in the Central East borough when describing Asian ethnicity.

Whistleblowing as a security issue in Hungarian organizations from 2023

This study aims to provide an overview of the result of the legislative intention, which also set a mandatory deadline for the application of large companies employing more than 250 people, since they must apply Act XXV of 2023 starting from July 24, 2023, on complaints, public interest reports, and the rules on whistleblowing. The purpose of this article is to point out, based on the review of international scientific literature and secondary research, that whistleblowing and reporting are especially supporting tools for organizations, workplaces, employees, and employers. The aim is to emphasize the advantages of organizational security. Presentation of the law created with regard to Hungary's international legal and European Union legal obligations undertaken in connection with actions against corruption. An exhaustive review of the literature on whistleblowing research papers has been conducted. A second study was conducted on regulatory documents, commentaries, and studies. The added value of the paper reflects the relevant legislation and scientific findings in one paper. This paper addresses leaders, employers, employees, university lecturers, and researchers.

The impact of environmental, social and governance policies on companies’ financial and economic performance: A comprehensive approach and new empirical evidence

In the last decade, the use of integrated reports (IR) comprising information on non-financial indicators from the environment, social, and governance (ESG) category has increased in time. Companies are now focusing not only on financial reporting but are notably including non-financial issues in their public reports. In doing so, they seek to align activities with the expectations of their stakeholders and the society in which they operate, as well as with various regulations, which are increasingly relevant worldwide. This study examines the impact of ESG reporting on company performance. Our research involved analyzing financial and non-financial data from 2,400 companies extracted from the Refinitiv Eikon database. Two methods of quantitative analysis were applied, namely multiple linear regression models processed by the robust regression method and structural equation modelling. Main findings entail that ESG indicators had strong and medium effects on company performance, but these effects varied across different dimensions, requiring a tailored approach to embed ESG factors in corporate strategy to enhance overall performance. Our paper provides a new perspective on the current and the potential impact of ESG reporting, based on systematic theoretical and empirical analyse , with multiple implications for business administration and management.

The EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act: An Introduction

As part of its digital strategy, the European Commission proposed the world’s first-ever comprehensive legal framework on AI in April 2021. In December 2023, the Council and the Parliament reached a political agreement on the EU’s new Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act). The AI Act follows a risk-based approach and aims to ensure that AI systems placed on or used in the EU market are safe and respect fundamental rights. The AI Act is expected to become a model for AI governance worldwide in a similar way that the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has influenced data protection regulation beyond European borders. While technical negotiations on the final text are ongoing and the final wording of the provisional agreement is not yet public, this article aims at providing a detailed overview and analysis of the upcoming provisions and requirements of the AI Act based on public (and some non-public) reports and press releases on the political agreement reached by the Council and the Parliament. AI Act, EU, Artificial Intelligence, AI, AI Systems, High-Risk, General Purpose, GPAI, Generative AI, Foundation Models, ChatGPT

Comparison of Health Behaviors of Healthcare Workers and the General Public in Israel: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are role models and advisors for promoting health behaviors among their patients. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to identify and compare the health behaviors of 105 HCWs and 82 members of the Israeli public. Of 13 health behaviors examined, undergoing screening tests, getting influenza vaccines and smoking were significantly different between the HCWs and the public. Further comparison between physicians and other HCWs (e.g., nurses, physiotherapists, dieticians) showed that the physicians reported the least favorable health behaviors: having less than 7 h of sleep, being less likely to eat breakfast, having greater alcohol consumption and being least likely to undergo regular screening tests. Analysis of a composite healthy lifestyle score (which included 11 health behaviors) showed statistically significant differences among the three groups (p = 0.034): only 10.6% of the physicians had a high healthy lifestyle score compared to the other HCWs (34.5%). In conclusion, the HCWs and the public report suboptimal health behaviors. Beyond the concern for HCWs' personal health, their health behaviors have implications for the health of patients and the general public, as they play an important role in health promotion and counseling. HCWs' suboptimal "health profile" mandates implementing policies to improve their knowledge of recommended health behaviors, primarily targeting physicians, even at an early phase of their professional journey.

Drug use and the constitution of homo politicus in Swedish politics 1966–1979

BackgroundThe emergence of the drug user as a political problem in Sweden during the 1960s presented politicians with the problem of how to fit this new character into the existing democratic order. The aim of this article is to examine how Swedish politics sought to regulate democratic participation by establishing norms that conditioned who is recognized as a political subject as well as what counts as political speech and action. MethodsThe analysis is based on a close reading of parliamentary debates, political motions, and public reports and covers the period 1966–1979. ResultsDuring the examined period, Swedish politics constituted the ideal subject of democratic politics, homo politicus, as a subject embedded in a community of active and politically conscious citizens endowed with the capacity to cooperate and engage in the collective formulation of the common good. Drug use therefore posed a threat to the democratic order due to its passivizing effects that inhibited the cooperation needed to uphold the democratic polity. ConclusionThe perceived individualism, passivity, and inability of the drug user to engage in cooperation within a politically conscious community of citizens positioned the drug user as a threat to the democratic order. The drug user thereby became a useful figure in the political regulation of the democratic sphere and the constitution of homo politicus, the ideal subject of democratic politics.

Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Realistik melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Penggunaan Media Kulit Jeruk dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Al Wildan Islamic School

This service activity aims to improve students' mathematical abilities in learning mathematics through training on the use of orange peel media in realistic mathematics learning. Technically, the implementation of the designed training activities is as follows: 1) Planning. At this stage, the team identified problems that occurred by observing the school and interviewing students directly. This aims to find out students' opinions and the obstacles they face while participating in class learning. From the results of these interviews, the team concluded that the topic of discussion that many students had problems with was the concept of building space. 2) Preparation. The team held discussions with teachers at the service site to determine the subjects involved and confirm the prerequisite material. Apart from that, tasks are distributed to teams so that learning can run optimally and be enjoyable. 3) Implementation. The implementation of the service was welcomed by the Principal and Mathematics Teachers. Mathematics teachers are also involved in guiding students using orange peel media when the service is carried out. 4) Evaluation and Reporting. At this stage, the team carries out an evaluation after the service activities are completed and compiles them into a service report for publication.

Media Choice and Public Participation in the Budget Making Process for Nyeri County

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Media Choice on Public Participation in the Budget Making Process in Nyeri County.&#x0D; Methodology: The study population constituted all the residents operating and living in Nyeri County, Nyeri County Government officials and leaders from both the County Executive and County Assembly. The study applied a descriptive study design and used both primary and secondary data that was obtained from public participation reports, publications, and interviews with county government officials, budget committee members and questionnaires to the MCAs, residents, staff of the County Assembly. Stratified random sampling was used to select and identify respondents from Nyeri County residents’ attendees in public participation fora and a further random sampling to obtain respondents from the Wards. Strata and purposive sampling was used to get key informants from the County Executive and County Assembly. A sample size of 72 general respondents and 12 key informants was used. Both quantitative and qualitative data was collected using a study questionnaire and interview guides respectively. Qualitative data was represented using study themes or goals and was discussed in narrative. The quantitative data was sorted and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings were presented using tables and graphs&#x0D; Findings: A regression correlation analysis of the data showed that the independent variables (social media =0.044, for print media = 0.047) were significant with p values of less than 0.05 - the predetermined significance level – to imply that the results were statistically significant. The p value for radio station was 0.326, greater than 0.05, thus not significant in its effect on public participation in the budget making process in the County Government of Nyeri. From the data collected, great importance was placed on vernacular and community radio stations which are potential channels for communicating pertinent information on the budget making process. The research found out other factors that determine effectiveness of public participation to include public’s awareness of its rights, individual understanding of the processes, and level of education and prevailing support infrastructure.&#x0D; Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Medium Theory and Arnstein’s Ladder of Citizen Participation Model informed the study variables and approach. Further research is recommended to explore other variables. The study findings will help planners and implementers at the County level when setting out to engage the public for their participation in the County’s development agenda. .

Evaluating students' research literacy knowledge, confidence, and attitudes at the beginning and end of a doctor of chiropractic program.

The doctor of chiropractic program (DCP) graduate must demonstrate competency in clinical research literacy (CRL), per accreditation standards. This study aimed to compare student CRL knowledge, confidence, and attitudes between the beginning and end of their DCP. We collected data on 245 matriculating students' CRL knowledge, confidence, and attitudes between 2017 and 2018. In 2021 and 2022, 78 of these students enrolled in a course with an extra credit assignment that was used to re-collect CRL data as they approached graduation. We assessed changes between entry and exit using statistical analyses in STATA17. Paired data were collected for 56 students. The mean CRL scores on a scale of 10 at the DCP beginning and end were 5.25 (SD 2.06) and 6.54 (SD 1.89), respectively (p = .0001). We observed statistically significant (p ≤ .05) positive changes in students' abilities to answer questions about Medical Subject Headings, the hierarchy of evidence, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and the limitations of abstracts. There was also a statistically significant increase in confidence, with over 80% of students nearing graduation reporting good or excellent abilities to find and judge health information for their patients. The proportion of students who envisioned searching a database to help manage a challenging clinical case decreased from 96% to 89% (p > .05). The proportion seeing themselves submitting a case report for publication declined from 16% to 4% (p ≤ .05). Students' self-perceived CRL abilities and knowledge improved between the beginning and end of their DCP; however, their attitudes toward applying these in practice declined.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Dokter Dalam Melakukan Praktik Kedokteran Terkait Dengan Dugaan Pelanggaran Disiplin Yang Berdampak Terhadap Malpraktik

Malpractice can be interpreted as an act of negligence, error or a doctor's lack of ability to treat a patient so that it causes a bad outcome for the patient. Several malpractice cases that ended in decisions that did not blame the doctor and sanctions that were considered light were one of the things that made some people think that this law was not at all in favor of malpractice cases. Several doctors questioned how legal certainty would be for them if the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council (MKDKI) had decided that no disciplinary violations had been committed but the district court said otherwise. So, according to the author, it is necessary to carry out an analysis regarding the severity of the sanctions imposed by the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council and what the legal protection is for doctors who are suspected of practicing medicine related to disciplinary violations. This research uses the juridical-normative method, namely research conducted by examining the laws and regulations that apply or are applied to a particular legal issue. Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council has the authority to handle violations of doctor's discipline. If there is a doctor's action that is classified as malpractice, Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council can only be guided by a doctor's disciplinary violation. Disciplinary sanctions for doctors by the MKDKI include giving a written warning, recommending revocation of the STR or SIP and the obligation to take part in education or training at a medical/dental educational institution. The Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council decision does not preclude the possibility for the doctor concerned to be examined, processed or sued criminally or civilly, because the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council decision has nothing to do with the application of law and criminal or civil legal sanctions and is basically a complaint, examination, up to the the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council decision or a public report. against doctors suspected of committing ethical violations is only limited to the ethics of the medical profession itself, which cannot be confused with the investigation process at the police, the prosecution process at the Prosecutor's Office until the court, or the lawsuit process at court.