Public-private Partnerships In Terms Research Articles

Migration and livelihood of rural households in Nigeria

With agriculture being the main source of livelihood, migration has posed severe constraints, thus hampering the livelihood of many households. This research focused on the effects of migration on the livelihood of rural households in Nigeria. Descriptive statistics, Probit and Tobit regression models were the analytical tools employed. Most of the households were male-headed and two-thirds of the rural households had members who had migrated for at least six months. Internal migration was the predominant type of migration while rural households were found to have a low level of livelihood. Age, education, household size, type of employment, land access, type of dwelling, migrant status and physical assets were significant in determining livelihoods of rural households. Thus, lessening the rural-urban divide in the rural areas through public-private partnerships in terms of innovations to support and expand the livelihood possibilities of rural households at all levels of governance should be prioritized.

Formation and Implementation of Public-Private Partnership Projects in the Agricultural Sector

Existing mechanisms for integrating state and public resources with opportunities and business resources to achieve critical social goals need significant changes. This fully applies to the goals, functions, and mechanism of public-private partnership projects, the advantage of which is the involvement in traditional public sectors of the economy of private business practices, as well as the desire to eliminate the shortcomings of both methods of management through optimal allocation of resources, responsibilities, and risks. The article analyzed the current state of public-private partnerships in terms of periods, geography, and industries in the article. The recent positive changes related to PPP have been identified and analyzed. The authors proposed methodological bases for assessing the feasibility of PPP projects and proposed a system of indicators of the effectiveness of PPP projects and conceptual principles for creating a favorable environment for implementing public-private partnership projects in the agricultural sector in Ukraine.

The Mechanism for Managing Energy-Efficient Low-Rise Investment and Construction Projects Based on Public-Private Partnerships

The housing issue in Russia today is the most important and currently topical, since there is a great need for new housing, due to the significant number of people who need housing, as well as the need to solve the problem of relocating citizens from the dilapidated (emergency) housing stock. An analysis of the current scientific literature indicates poor knowledge of the issues of investment and construction projects aimed at low-rise housing construction, namely: imperfection of the regulatory framework on the issue under consideration, insufficient literature on low-rise housing construction. A detailed study also requires the issues of organizing the process of low-rise construction, developing the mechanisms for managing low-rise construction, construction of the housing that meets the necessary requirements of availability, safety, comfort, energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. The article discusses the issues related to evaluating the operational, organizational and investment attractiveness of investment-construction projects of the low-rise construction necessary for development of a mechanism of managing the investment-construction projects on the basis of the public-private partnership in terms of the implementing the project of low-rise housing on the basis of public private partnership for large-scale housing development in the suburbs of Tomsk.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A MECHANISM OF STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

The article provides an overview of the content of public-private partnership in terms of obtaining the expected socio-economic effects in the form of available public goods of appropriate quantity and quality, and outlines the goals of projects within this activity. It also outlines the principles, key success factors and benefits, as well as the structure and stages of selection of PPP projects. Key organizational and institutional elements of the formation and implementation of projects and programs at the regional level are also presented. In addition, the article describes the imperfections and inconsistencies of PPP regulations based on the legal analysis of Ukrainian legislation. At the same time, the article presents the factors that influence the effectiveness of public-private partnership and presents the most important measures that are used to measure this phenomenon. The criteria for PPP creation and development are described, as well as its principles and stages for choosing a private partner. Then the author presents an analysis of the dynamics and trends of joint projects in the framework of public-private partnership in Ukraine. The system of methods and tools used to investigate the effectiveness of PPP projects is explored. The benefits of public-private partnership are identified and the author tries to emphasize its social and economic importance at local and regional, national and international levels. External and internal factors of public-private partnership development have been analyzed, and on the basis of this the future prospects of this phenomenon have been reviewed. An important part of the article is the presentation of the characteristics of PPP models and forms, in particular the generalized structural and functional model of such a partnership. Secondly, the attributes of the design and economic environment that enhance the utility of public-private partnership are presented. Thus, it has been determined that PPP is one of the effective tools for the implementation of infrastructure projects by attracting extrabudgetary funding and their quality management of the private sector, becoming relevant in the framework of state policy. Keywords : public-private partnerships, structural transformations, infrastructure projects, institutional environment, methods of analysis, models.

Methods and approaches for evaluation of economic efficiency of public-private partnership in the investment-innovation activity development

The article defines the preconditions for the efficient assessing the economic effectiveness of public-private partnerships in terms of investment and innovation activities (the need to identify the existing limitations of such assessment, which can help in achieving social, economic, informational, legal and other types of effects; the need to identify the genuine value added of a public-private partnership entity creation/improvement (it is about the utility for public and private partners and other stakeholders); the need to implement in the public-private partnership projects those options that will maximize the expected effects, taking into account regulatory constraints and the minimum cost of resources involved; the need to compare the expected and actual effects of the public-private partnership project). The risks of public-private partnership projects are identified and characterized, including those identified by the current regulatory framework (level of product demand, investment costs, operating expenses, operating income, financing conditions and discount rates, taxes and contributions, as well as currency courses and price dynamics). Methodological provisions on quantification of public-private partnership risks are presented. The main methods and approaches to assessing the cost-effectiveness of public-private partnership in terms of investment and innovation activities were displayed (classical financial methods, qualitative analysis tools, probabilistic methods, portfolio analysis, project approach, budgetary approach, qualitative, financial or combined models). Traditional financial techniques in the field of such economic efficiency estimation are considered (profitability index, payback period, internal and average rate of return, level of investments profitability, etc.). Listed are the so-called new practical guidelines aimed at assessing the cost-effectiveness of public-private partnerships in terms of investment and innovation activity, in particular: Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), C/SCSC (Cost/Schedule Control Systems Criteria – cost-time diagnosis), IT Scorecard (Modified Balanced Scorecard Application (taking into account known public-private partnerships projections of a balanced scorecard), Activity Based Costing (ABС - applying functional and value analysis), Applied Information Economics (AIE), Total Economic Impact (TEI), Total Value of Opportunities (TVO), Rapid Economic Justification (REJ). It is summarized that theory and practice have formed many methods and approaches to evaluate the economic efficiency of public-private partnership in the conditions of investment and innovation activity development. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages, as well as clearly defined conditions of practical application. Two or more of these approaches should be used to make more substantive conclusions on the cost-effectiveness assessment.

ПУБЛІЧНО-ПРИВАТНЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО ЯК МЕХАНІЗМ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

The article investigates the influence of the institutional mechanism on the interaction between state and business in the process of public-private partnership projects implementation. The indicators of regional joint project effectiveness and methodology for assessing social economic efficiency are provided. The model of partner interaction between the state, scientific institutions, educational establishments, business and society on the basis of public-private partnership in terms of innovative development of the state and regions for the purpose of technological development, formation of industrial and social infrastructure taking into account interests and active support of business at an effective use of state property and budget funds of all levels for stimulation investment activity was proposed. The authors determined that the use of public-private partnership as a mechanism for implementing a new regional policy will make it possible: to attract additional resources for modernization; to reduce the burden on the budgets' expenditures; to attract financial resources to the nonprofit investment projects; to redistribute risks and strengthen the responsibility of public-private partnership participants for the implementation of social and ecological projects. The following activation measures at the regional level were proposed: financial decentralization of governance in order to delegate more opportunities to solve their own problems to the regions; direct participation in social projects financing; ensuring of the proper organizational, economic and legal framework in the sake of the activities effectiveness and protection of partnership participants. The directions for the development of tools necessary for the implementation of projects at the regional level for effective cooperation of state authorities with civil society institutions were proposed.

WaterHealth International in India: crafting sustainable solutions for potable water

Synopsis The case features WaterHealth International India (WHIN) – a subsidiary of WaterHealth International (WHI) Inc. WHIN was launched in 2006 with the vision to “be the leader in providing scalable, safe, and affordable water solutions to underserved populations through an innovative business model.” The company incorporated a Build-Operate-Transfer model with decentralized production and distribution. Following a successful pilot project, WHIN installed its WaterHealth Centers in 175 sites throughout rural India by 2009, and attracted a $15 million investment from the International Finance Corporation to further expand its operations in India. Mr Vikas Shah, the Chief Operating Officer of the company, is faced with the issue of assessing scalability and sustainability of the company's business model. He needs to examine and evaluate the company's value proposition, resources and capabilities, and decide how to generate economic value while maintaining a focus on its social vision. The latter entails an ability to create shared value for stakeholders as an important contributor toward the company's sustainability. Additionally, Mr Shah is evaluating alternative public-private partnerships in terms of their suitability for the Indian context and viability to drive profitability. Research methodology The case uses primary and secondary data, i.e. interviews with company representatives, company reports, presentations, and consulting papers. Relevant courses and levels The case is written for graduate (and advanced undergraduate) students that enroll in classes with a focus on emerging markets, sustainability, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Examples are courses in Entrepreneurship and Innovation (especially those that include one or more sessions on the social dimensions) as well as those in Inclusive Growth and Sustainable Development.