Role Of Public Policy Research Articles

Factors Enabling Access to Affordable, Reliable, Sustainable and Modern Energy in the European Union

By 2050, Europe will become the first climate-neutral continent according to the vision of the European Union (EU). To tackle this challenge, the EU has scheduled the accomplishment of the 17 goals of the United Nations’s 2030 Agenda, with Goal 7 addressing the energy sector. The role of public policies is fundamental in this case; however, it is insufficient in some areas, e.g., when adopting green energy technologies. The purpose of this article is to identify the economic factors that are necessary to achieve Goal 7 of Agenda 2030. To realize the aim of this study and identify economic factors that are significant for implementing the targets of Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda, two statistical methods were used: the Pearson linear correlation coefficient and linear regression modeling with a scatter plot to present the relationships. The results of this study confirm that in the EU, the possibility of achieving Goal 7 is dependent on the three economic determinants analyzed, i.e., GDP per capita, unemployment rate, and gross domestic spending on research and development. The analysis revealed that the impact of single economic factors on the realization of all SDG 7 targets is small because no economic factor correlates with even half of SDG 7 indicators.

The Moderating Role of Government Public Policy on Housing Purchase Decisions in Tasikmalaya

The housing industry is experiencing an increase in demand, especially subsidized housing. Various factors are the main considerations for consumers in determining purchasing decisions such as environment, green open space (GOS), price, and location. The object of this research is four subsidized housing in Tasikmalaya Regency. This model measures government public policy as a moderating in deciding to buy a subsidized house. This study uses primary data in the form of a Likert scale questionnaire to measure each variable. The sample determination technique uses Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. This research method uses SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square). The results showed that government policy has a moderating role for the environment on housing purchase decisions. Environment, GOS, and price have a direct impact on purchasing decisions. The implication of this finding will be the establishment of supporting facilities related to the location of subsidized housing. In this case, the government needs to ensure that public facilities are available before the subsidized housing project is implemented

Public Administration and Educational Innovation: Case Studies

This paper examines the intersection of public administration and educational innovation through theoretical frameworks, historical contexts, and 15 case studies from Brazil. It examines how governance models, public-private partnerships, and collaborative networks have driven educational reform and innovation. By analyzing real-world examples, the study identifies challenges, such as resistance to change and funding constraints, and opportunities, such as digital advancements and adaptive strategies. The findings emphasize the role of public policy and administration in fostering a well-educated workforce while advocating for empirically validated pedagogical innovations. Recommendations include enhanced evaluations, adaptive strategies, and dissemination of successful practices to support global educational development. Keywords: Public Administration, Educational Innovation, Governance Models, Public-Private Partnerships, Collaborative Networks, Educational Policy.

Public Administration and Educational Innovation: Case Studies

This paper examines the intersection of public administration and educational innovation through theoretical frameworks, historical contexts, and 15 case studies from Brazil. It examines how governance models, public-private partnerships, and collaborative networks have driven educational reform and innovation. By analyzing real-world examples, the study identifies challenges, such as resistance to change and funding constraints, and opportunities, such as digital advancements and adaptive strategies. The findings emphasize the role of public policy and administration in fostering a well-educated workforce while advocating for empirically validated pedagogical innovations. Recommendations include enhanced evaluations, adaptive strategies, and dissemination of successful practices to support global educational development. Keywords: Public Administration, Educational Innovation, Governance Models, Public-Private Partnerships, Collaborative Networks, Educational Policy.

Municipal Public Policies and SDGS: Challenges and Opportunities In Promoting Social Inclusion and Reducing Inequalities

Objectives: Analyze the challenges and opportunities in implementing municipal public policies aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a focus on social inclusion and reducing inequalities in Brazil. Theoretical Framework: The SDGs represent a global agenda crucial for sustainable development, especially in countries with high social inequality like Brazil. The effectiveness of municipal public policies depends on several factors, including financial resources, technical training, social participation, and intergovernmental coordination. Method: Qualitative bibliographic review of articles published in the last 10 years in Portuguese, seeking the most recent discussions on implementing the SDGs at the municipal level in the Brazilian context. The databases used were Scielo, CAPES Periodicals, and Google Scholar. Results and Discussion: Municipalities face challenges such as scarcity of resources, lack of local indicators, and lack of coordination between government levels. However, good practices such as productive inclusion programs and inter-municipal consortia demonstrate the transformative potential of these policies. Research Implications: Institutional strengthening, technical training, and diversification of funding are essential for the effective implementation of the SDGs. Social participation ensures that policies meet the needs of the population. Originality/Value: The study deepens the debate on the role of municipal public policies in promoting sustainable development in Brazil, considering the context of social inclusion and reducing inequalities, offering insights for public managers, civil society organizations, and funders.

Exploring subjective well being in a developing country: Socio economic influence in Ecuador before and after the 2008 constitutional reform

Background This study investigates the impact of the 2008 constitutional change on Ecuadorians´ life satisfaction (developing country), based on the Sumak-Kawsay or “The good way of living” philosophy, with a particular focus on caring of people and mingas (community participation). Methods Through a repeated cross-sectional analysis of national survey data, this study compares the periods before (2007) and after (2014) the implementation of the 2008 constitution to examine how caring behaviors and mingas (community work) influence life satisfaction, using an ordinal logistic regression model to assess the role of this reform in shaping these effects. Results The findings reveal significant improvements in life satisfaction following the 2008’ reform, especially in the Eastern region, where community activities are prevalent, and poverty is most concentrated. These activities, including mingas, showed a positive association with an increase in life satisfaction, underscoring the role of public policies in improving public well-being. Conclusion This approach offers innovative empirical evidence on how social public policies that promote prosocial behaviors, such as solidarity and community participation, can create an environment encouraging to greater life satisfaction, particularly in less developed regions. It also underscores how social investment aimed at improving wealth distribution can positively influence collaborative behaviors.

The evolution of civil society in the post-communist Republic of Moldova

Civil society in the Republic of Moldova has undergone significant development since the country gained independence in 1991. From its initial stages of being dominated by a small group of NGOs, Moldovan civil society has grown to encompass a diverse range of organizations working on a wide array of issues. In the early 1990s, civil society in Moldova was nascent and largely focused on humanitarian assistance and human rights issues. The country's transition to a market economy and democracy created a need for independent organizations to provide social services and advocate for the rights of citizens. Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, Moldovan civil society experienced rapid growth and diversification. New organizations emerged to address a variety of issues, including environmental protection, education, healthcare, and anti-corruption. These organizations played an increasingly important role in shaping public policy and holding the government accountable. In recent years, Moldovan civil society has continued to evolve and adapt to the changing political and social landscape. The country's European Union accession process has brought new challenges and opportunities for civil society organizations. While the EU has provided significant funding and support for civil society development, there have also been concerns about the influence of foreign donors and the increasing politicization of civil society. Despite the progress made in recent decades, Moldovan civil society still faces a number of challenges, including limited funding, weak institutional capacity, and limited public participation. Civil society organizations often struggle to engage the public and build broad support for their work. Despite these challenges, Moldovan civil society has a bright future. The country's young and increasingly educated population is increasingly engaged in civic life. Civil society organizations are playing a critical role in advocating for democratic reforms, promoting human rights, and protecting the environment. Our writing is synthetic and multidisciplinary in its nature. We will try to outline the development curve of the Moldovan civil sphere formed after gaining state independence, showing how this path was formed and what factors had an impact on it, both positive and negative.

Civil services: It’s role in Indian public policy and good governance

Civil services: It’s role in Indian public policy and good governance

Global scientific performance and research trends of the interrelation between climate change and economic growth

This paper conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the existing literature on the interrelation between climate change and economic growth through the prism of environmental policies. Utilising both VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software, we analyse 2,131 articles from the Web of Science database between 2000 and 2024, focusing on the fields of Economics, Social Sciences, and Environmental Science. Our investigation identifies key trends, research hotspots, patterns, and gaps in the literature, highlighting the significant impact of climate change on the macroeconomic environment. Bibliometric networks created on account of keywords such as “climate change risks,” “macroeconomy,” and “environmental policy” reveal strong interconnections among research clusters, particularly emphasising the role of public policy in managing climate-related risks. Notably, our findings evidence the geographical distribution of research on this topic, which is more prominent in non-EU countries despite the European Union’s recent policy focus on sustainability. This paper underscores the necessity for targeted research and policy measures to address the economic implications of climate change, emphasising the role of consumer behaviour, uncertainty, and expectations with a country-specific focus. Our research contributes to the existing literature by providing a detailed mapping of the intellectual landscape and suggesting directions for future research to support effective climate policies.

Role of Maritime Public Policy on The Economic Development of Coastal Communities in The Tanjungpinang City Area

Public policy plays a significant role in the development of coastal communities, particularly in areas heavily reliant on maritime resources. This research examines the role of maritime public policy in improving the economic welfare of coastal communities in Tanjungpinang City, located in the Riau Islands, Indonesia. With a population of over 230,000, Tanjungpinang is an archipelago whose residents are largely dependent on fisheries, marine tourism, and trade. The study highlights the importance of Law No. 32 of 2014 on Maritime Affairs and how policies derived from it aim to harness the potential of marine resources to benefit local economies through the blue economy principles. However, despite the clear goals of these policies, challenges in implementation persist. This study utilizes a qualitative approach, combining document analysis, interviews with local stakeholders, and surveys from coastal communities. The research finds that while maritime policies have facilitated several empowerment programs, such as the distribution of fish seeds and awareness campaigns, there are gaps in the infrastructure and workforce development needed to sustain these initiatives. Additionally, local communities show varying levels of engagement with the policies, which affects the overall impact on economic development. The study concludes that while maritime public policies have a positive influence on the economic development of coastal communities in Tanjungpinang City, their full potential can only be realized through continued investments in infrastructure, human resources, and better alignment with the local culture. Effective implementation requires ongoing supervision and adaptation to ensure sustainable growth in the region's maritime sectors.

Healthy aging: the role of public policies

O envelhecimento da população é atualmente uma realidade em Portugal, sendo o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que promovam o envelhecimento saudável imprescindíveis. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa onde se identificaram na literatura quais os principais desafios e as principais oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas orientadas para o envelhecimento saudável e prevenção do idadismo. Esta revisão baseou-se no levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos publicados nas principais bases de dados. Alguns dos principais desafios identificados passam pela necessidade crescente de combater o preconceito relacionado com a idade; permitir o acesso a serviços e recursos primordiais de forma a existir equidade intergeracional; recolha de dados e monitorização em relação ao envelhecimento saudável. É possível criar a oportunidade para, por um lado manter estes indivíduos a sentirem-se parte integrante da sociedade, e por outro, acrescentarem valor a esta.

The neuropathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive tauopathy causally linked to repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Currently, there are no established clinical diagnostic criteria for CTE, making post-mortem neuropathological examination essential for diagnosis. The pathological hallmark of CTE is the presence of perivascular neuronal p-tau aggregates at cortical sulcal depths. In this commentary, we share our diagnostic experience, highlight emerging diagnostic protocols for CTE, and discuss the challenges in CTE diagnosis and its differentiation from comorbid conditions. Beyond the neuropathological insights, we explore the broader implications of CTE for the community, including the need for prevention strategies and the role of public health policy. By advancing understanding of CTE pathology, neuropathologists are positioned to inform prevention and treatment efforts, ultimately contributing to the mitigation of this preventable disease.

Reframing the value proposition for sugar brands: Policy, regulation, and consumer behavior in the Spanish Retail Market

The objective of this research paper is to investigate potential avenues for value creation in the refined sugar market for domestic use, a market currently facing a critical juncture. The growing concerns about the health impacts of sugar have resulted in a notable decline in demand. Furthermore, changes in European Union regulations have introduced additional operators into the Spanish market, increasing competition and amplifying the need for innovation. This study examines how brands can respond to these challenges by enhancing their value proposition through market segmentation, targeted marketing strategies, and adaptive packaging solutions. To achieve this objective, we have conducted market research, which involved an in-depth interview, and a questionnaire distributed to 402 individuals responsible for household purchases. The findings suggest potential approaches for addressing the needs of consumers with a focus on health and well-being, while simultaneously enhancing the durability of products, thus facilitating greater brand differentiation. Furthermore, the study underscores the pivotal role of public policies and regulatory frameworks in influencing consumer behavior and market dynamics. Policies promoting sugar alternatives, labelling requirements, and packaging innovations have been demonstrated to impact brand strategies and consumer preferences. By aligning with these policy-driven shifts, companies can enhance their positioning in a mature and competitive market. This research contributes to the existing literature on brand value in commodity markets by integrating insights into the impact of regulation and consumer segmentation. Our recommendations emphasize the importance of marketing strategies that are informed by an understanding of the policy context, which not only enhances brand equity but also promotes sustainable growth in the retail sugar industry.

EDUCATION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY

This article analyzes the relationship between education and social inequality, highlighting how socioeconomic disparities impact access, retention, and educational success. Considering the classroom as a reflection of broader social dynamics, the study examines how inequalities manifest in this environment and how teaching methods can contribute to either reproducing or mitigating these disparities. A literature analysis is conducted, based on the contributions of authors such as Bourdieu (1998), Freire (1996), Saviani (2013), Santana (2010), and Skliar (2014). The research identifies that inclusive teaching practices, involving active student participation, are essential for reducing educational inequalities. By adopting methods that recognize the diverse needs of students, these practices have the potential to transform the classroom into an equitable space. The analysis suggests that overcoming social inequalities in education requires adopting a pedagogical approach that values diversity and promotes inclusion, as well as empowering educators to address the specific needs of each student. The study also emphasizes the crucial role of public policies in promoting inclusive education and equitable access to quality education. Well-implemented policies can have a significant impact on creating conditions for all students, regardless of their socioeconomic background, to have equal learning opportunities. The research highlights the importance of ensuring that educational policies are truly effective, with proper allocation of resources and support for teacher training. Finally, the article concludes that inclusive education cannot be achieved without collaborative efforts from different societal agents, including governments, schools, families, and the community. The implementation of public policies focused on equity, combined with pedagogical practices that respect and value differences, is essential for promoting a more just and accessible education. Continuous research is also recommended to assess the impact of these practices and policies, with the goal of strengthening strategies that combat social inequalities in the educational system.

Analyzing public policy effectiveness in enhancing accountability and transparency in service quality

Public policy serves as a framework to address public needs and interests, including the regulation of community services. Recognizing the critical importance of public services, governments are motivated to improve service quality through effective public policy implementation. This study aims to analyze the role of public policies in enhancing specific aspects of service quality, such as transparency, accountability, and professionalism. Using qualitative research methods, this study employs a literature study approach with a systematic selection of relevant sources, including peer-reviewed journals, government reports, and policy documents. Data analysis follows three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the subject. The findings indicate that public policies are instrumental in setting minimum service standards, promoting accountability and transparency, empowering communities, enhancing the professionalism of service apparatus, integrating technology into services, and enforcing compliance through penalties for providers failing to meet standards. These measures collectively contribute to significant improvements in service delivery. This research highlights the importance of policy design and implementation in fostering a responsive and efficient public service system. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers to optimize public service frameworks and ensure community satisfaction.

The Third Sector’s contribution to the implementation of adult education policies

The European Union’s policies on lifelong learning, initiated in the 1990s, have significantly influenced the development of Italy’s legislative framework in this area. This paper presents the key findings from a series of collaborative research projects conducted between Roma Tre University and the National Forum of the Third Sector. Undertaken between 2016 and 2023, these participatory studies focused on experiential learning among individuals employed within these organisations, as well as methodologies for competence recognition. The research on experiential learning has elucidated that all human activities can serve as learning opportunities, provided individuals engage in reflective practices to derive meaning from them. Within the contexts of lifelong and lifewide learning, the validation of non-formal and informal learning offers significant benefits for adults, fostering personal, social, civic, and occupational development, while reducing barriers to re-entry into formal education systems. For initiatives within non-profit organisations aimed at facilitating validation processes, a deeper understanding of the competences cultivated through such experiences is essential. The presence of recognised standards is deemed a crucial formal prerequisite for validation. The frameworks emerging from the presented studies demonstrate that activities within the Third Sector primarily promote the development of transferable competences, crucial for both enhancing technical–professional skills and fostering conscientious and proficient conduct in social and civic engagement. In this context, engagement in the Third Sector emerges as a catalyst for nurturing citizenship competences vital for navigating national and international transitions, promoting social cohesion, and advancing democracy. Through the findings of these studies, the Italian Third Sector has played a significant role in shaping public policies concerning lifelong learning and the validation of experientially acquired competences, notably regarding the incorporation of transferable competences into the National Repertoire. Additionally, some lines of action for influencing the implementation of validation policies at the European level will be discussed.

Symbols of National Importance, Article 6ter Paris Convention and Public Policy and Morality: Ukraine’s State Border Guard Service Before the General Court in T-82/24 ‒ RUSSIAN WARSHIP

Abstract 24 February 2022, the day that Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, caught many by surprise and prompted an unprecedented use of the Ukrainian flag and other national symbols by public authorities and private entities across the globe. Public attention also led to a spike in applications for trademark registrations of such symbols, including at the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO). One of these applications, notably made on behalf of Ukraine’s State Border Guard Service, reached the General Court. The application does not concern a state emblem communicated under Art. 6ter Paris Convention but it certainly does involve a symbol of national importance. While, nearly a hundred years after the adoption of Art. 6ter in 1925, the issue of use and trademark registration of various symbols of national importance is not an exclusive domain of public authorities, it is of interest to society at large, as the public reaction to (over)use of such symbols demonstrates. The article discusses the T-82/24 – RUSSIAN WARSHIP case in light of the cross-border treatment of symbols of national importance under trademark law and the ongoing discussions in Ukraine and at the WIPO. It deals with the prohibition of trademark registration of state symbols and the role of public policy and morality, including in the EUIPO examination of applications made in connection with Russia’s full-scale invasion. The article also reflects more broadly on the treatment of symbols of national importance and the implications of the cross-border use of such symbols for examinations at the EUIPO.

An Ecosystem of Social Innovation? Analysis of the Role of the Actors Who Make Up 4h in the Aveiro Region, Portugal

Objective: Understand the functioning of the Social Innovation Ecosystem (SIE) in the Intermunicipal Community of the Aveiro Region (ICAR) regarding the role of public policies from the University of Aveiro (UA) of social entrepreneurs and their typology. Theoretical Framework: Social Innovations (SI) are innovations that are social in their ends and means. Due to the positive social results, they enhance the capacity of civil society to act. This mobilization of individuals is present in the Quadruple Helix Innovation System Framework. This model is related to the concept of EIS, which includes social entrepreneurs, investors, beneficiaries, and public policy. Method: A literature review of national, regional, and local strategic documents. It relies on the results of a national study on the EIS, Sled by the UA, in partnership with the Portugal Social Innovation Mission Structure (PSIMS). Results and Discussion: Combining the analysis of SI projects supported by PSIMS with the initiatives promoted by regional and local policy and with support from the UA allowed us to obtain the profile of the SIE actors in ICAR and their contribution to the success of the SIE. Research Implications: This exploratory study is the initial stage of a more in-depth investigation into the role of actors in SIE. It is expected that this mapping will help to build regional and local strategies that facilitate the success of SI initiatives. Originality/Value: Contributes to the evolution of knowledge within the scope of the functioning of regional SIE in Portugal. Its recommendations and discoveries hope to be integrated into the promotion of improvements to its operation.

The Emigration of Highly Qualified Students from Morocco: An Analysis Using Panel Data

The emigration of highly qualified students from Morocco poses a significant challenge to the country’s economic and social development, contributing to a troubling "brain drain" that impacts not only the fields of medicine and engineering but also various other critical sectors in need of innovation and expertise. This study investigates the specific factors driving these students to leave Morocco, utilizing a sample of 31 countries and employing a fixed-effects econometric model for the period 2016-2018. Our analysis identifies several key determinants of emigration, including GDP per capita, public spending on education, the unemployment rate, and the quality of higher education. The results highlight the critical role of effective public policies in talent retention and suggest that targeted interventions are necessary to mitigate this outflow of skilled individuals. This research contributes to the understanding of brain drain dynamics and offers actionable insights for policymakers seeking to address this pressing issue.

Navigating Transdisciplinary Communication: A Graduate Student's Perspective

This paper presents the perspective of a graduate student newly introduced to Transdisciplinary Communication (TDC) and explores its practical applications. It addresses the core question: How can TDC be recognized, valued, and applied effectively to tackle complex challenges? TDC integrates diverse disciplinary insights, encourages collaboration, and improves research outcomes by fostering an inclusive environment that acknowledges all stakeholders. The paper is framed through a Constructivist lens, focusing on three main aspects of TDC: (i) the co-construction of knowledge through shared language, which enhances the integration of cross-disciplinary expertise; (ii) the role of social interaction, collaborative tools, and goal alignment in promoting effective teamwork; and (iii) TDC as a dynamic, non-linear process that encourages innovation and knowledge synthesis. Together, these elements demonstrate how TDC enriches STEM research by fostering diverse perspectives and addressing complex issues holistically. The discussion begins by highlighting the significance of TDC in contemporary research, followed by insights from the graduate student's evolving understanding of the approach. It then transitions into practical tools and strategies for applying TDC effectively, including structured methodologies and collaborative platforms. A detailed case example of co-design illustrates how engaging stakeholders early leads to impactful, integrated solutions. The paper concludes with reflections on the broader impacts of TDC beyond STEM, emphasizing its role in arts, humanities, and public policy and inviting participants to contribute their own experiences.