Approaches In Public Administration Research Articles

Project approach as an alternative to the bureaucratic method of social management

The relevance of the research is conditioned by the need to develop the institution of social management in the transition of the society to the information stage of its development, which requires new management approaches in the face of exacerbation of globalization risks. Traditional methods of managing a society, primarily bureaucratic ones, do not provide the proper efficiency and effectiveness of the management process in such conditions. Therefore, the aim of the research is to consider adhocracy as a method of social management as an alternative to the traditional bureaucratic paradigm. On the basis of a comparative analysis, the bureaucratic and project (adhocracy) management approaches have been considered, the main characteristics of these methods highlighted, their advantages and disadvantages shown in relation to the institution of social management, and the practice of applying the project approach in public administration in modern Russian society briefly characterized. The author proposes options for achieving a balanced management approach based on a reasonable combination of process bureaucratic and result-oriented project management in the modern information society in order to maintain a balance of social innovation and homeostasis, ensuring the integrity and manageability of the social organism. It has been concluded that the application of the project approach in social management is promising, provided that the administrative and legislative obstacles that impede the use of the adhocracy method in management practice are eliminated.

The role of the head of the public service in personnel management: a marketing approach in public administration

The role of the head of the public service in personnel management: a marketing approach in public administration

The Role of Local Community in the Implementation of Ethiopian Tourism Development Policy: The Case of Harari People Regional State, Ethiopia

The main objective of the study is to assess the role of local community in implementing the Ethiopian tourism development policy in Harari people regional state, Harar city. To achieve the research objective data was collected from randomly selected residents that involve in filling the questionnaire designed for the study. Interviews and observations were also carried out to support data collected using the questionnaire. Besides, the study employed concurrent mixed approached with the aim of triangulating quantitative by qualitative data. The finding of the study revealed that local communities have good awareness about their role in tourism policy implementation although the experts are complaining about its adequacy. Community participation is found to be also affected be participatory public administration, community awareness, and participation approach. Furthermore, during the tourism policy implementation limited of awareness, coordination and cooperation, trained professional as well as shortage of budget were mention among the challenges of policy implementation. From this it can be concluded that all stakeholders have to play their role in promoting local community participation in the region to reap the advantages of the policy. Keywords : local community, Ethiopian tourism development policy, implementation, role DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/12-1-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2022

The Role of Agencies in Creating Network Approach in Higher Education

An analysis of different aspects regarding the creation of networks within the Croatian higher education system is presented in the paper. The larger part of the paper refers to the analysis of public services in general and the network approach in public administration in particular. The state of the higher education system is presented through the inclusion of market and network principles and the establishment of numerous actors in this field by which effectiveness of this field of public administration is trying to be improved. The aim of the detailed examinations is to pro-vide an overview of all relevant actors whose interactions and roles resemble network-like relationships. To examine the starting hypothesis that neo-managerial approach leads to networking within the higher education system, an empirical study was conducted at the Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek, Croatia among the teaching staff and students. The final chapters of the paper present and discuss research results which principally support the initial assumptions.

A big picture perspective of the decolonization of Public Administration debate in Africa: Looking back and looking forward

Trailblazing discussions on “decolonisation” have continuously been building up since Kwame Nkrumah’s Pan-Africanist ideological constructs, but not much has been undertaken regarding the rebuilding of the fibre of the Public Administration curriculum. As a result, literature has been embedded in a lot of nuances in decoding the concept of decolonization. Amongst these narratives is the tendency to distinguish the decolonization of the curriculum as a mere African exhilaration which is disguised as a counter-construct to colonization. In light of the adverse effects of colonization on the African curriculum, critical reflections that shoot from a broad review of decolonization approaches in Public Administration are unveiled in this article. The aim is to encourage institutions of higher learning to apply a decolonizing approach that appreciates the pedagogical value of indigenous knowledge relating to Public Administration as a locus and as a focus. The article also covers an exposition revealing how decolonization of the Public Administration curriculum is neither an “anti-West” fad nor a dissuasion to learn from the West and the globalized village. It does this by taking full cognizance of the past without disintegrating the already polarized social fabric. It is against this background that it becomes imperative that South Africa begins to rediscover, and regenerate its local values by enabling the practicalities of decolonizing the curriculum through extending examples in practice. If university repositories and research hubs are going to be reliably contributing to the transformation of the African continent and the global village at length, then it is obvious that the teaching material and how it is delivered will have to certainly change somehow. The article then explores alternatives and sustainable solutions that can be proffered in accelerating the relevance of the alternative indigenous knowledge systems on the Public Administration curriculum.

Administrative prevention measures and issues of their administrative procedural application

The subject of the study in this paper is administrative prevention measures and their variety, such as preventive measures. The purpose of the study is to analyze the nature of administrative prevention measures and their administrative procedure. The paper concludes that it is premature to talk about the existence of proceedings on the application of administrative prevention (preventive) measures, since the Russian Federation has not fully developed a system of administrative procedural rules governing this type of proceedings from the stage of initiating an administrative case to the stage of appeal. At the same time, taking into account the introduction of a risk- oriented approach in public administration, the need for the formation of this type of administrative proceedings increases. It is also suggested that the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the procedural procedure for the application of administrative prevention measures depend on two important conditions: (1) the effectiveness of the application of the relevant measure by law enforcement officials and their officials; (2) the ability to ensure respect for the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen in the existing procedure of application.

Развитие подходов к мониторингу рисков недостижения национальных целей развития Российской Федерации и ее регионов

The article presents a methodological approach to constructing limits for monitoring the risks of nonachievement of national development goals of the country and its regions. The study’s relevance lies in the fact that the implementation of the suggested approach in public administration will contribute to the implementation of an adequate assessment of the achievement of these goals at the federal level and the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The solution to the problem of building the limit values “corridors” for risk monitoring of non-achievement of the country’s national development goals and regions is carried out on the methodological basis of the scenario approach with the use of indicative analysis. This allows setting the limit values “corridors” as a calculated range of fluctuations of the target indicator within its upper and lower limits. Using the suggested methodological approach, the boundary of the limit values for the indicator of the poverty level, which serves as a target indicator for the assessment of the national development goal “Population preservation, health and well-being of people” achievement is constructed. Based on the calculations obtained, as well as on the estimates of the indicator made for Krasnodar Krai and Astrakhan region, it is shown that the poverty targets defined by the national development goals and the corresponding regional strategies differ significantly from those obtained on the basis of the forecast, which determines the high risk of non-achievement the target values. The methodological approach suggested in the article makes it possible to promptly inform the management agent about the appearance of unfavorable or critical changes in the country’s social and economic development and to develop measures for the elimination of negative tendencies and support of positive trends in the achievement of national development goals.

Information Management as a Factor in the Transition of the State from the Information Economy to the Digital Economy

The purposeof the article is to present the author’s approach to the study of information management when making managerial decisions by public administration bodies. In this paper, information management is consistently considered as an object, subject and method of information management. By the example of the content and correlation of such concepts as data and information, information and knowledge, the main obstacles to the transition of the state from the information economy to the digital economy are shown. The hypothesis is formulated that effective information management does not so much contribute to the formation of the added value of management processes, as it creates the potential for obtaining additional value of a management decision as an information product.Materials and methods. The research is based on the analysis of the processes of informatization of society and the state, as well as the analysis of the possibilities of information management for building a digital infrastructure and effective interaction of the subjects of the digital economy. Various aspects of information management are disclosed in accordance with the “subject-object-subject” and “subject-object-object” models. The problems of determining the quantity and quality of information are revealed in comparison with the attributive, functional-cybernetic and semiotic concepts of information. The information base of the research was made up of the results of scientific research in the field of decision-making in public administration and methodological approaches to information management used in science.Results. The main risks and problems of information management in decision-making by public administration bodies were identified. It is determined that knowledge becomes an economic resource not at the stage of its production, but at the stage of use. This resource allows you to create the added value of a management solution as an information product. It is proved that the role of the state in the dissemination and use of knowledge is provided by the unconditional desire of the individual to produce new knowledge. In addition, it is shown that for the transition to the digital economy, the state needs to create an information infrastructure in which openness and transparency of data are combined with equal opportunities for individuals in the economy (inclusive economy).Conclusion.Information management is a significant factor in the transition of the state from an information economy to the digital one. The simple accumulation of information and knowledge cannot be a guide for the transition to the digital economy. Information management from the perspective of creating and using additional information value will avoid the risk of mechanical informatization and uncontrolled digitalization. The state activities in this direction should be responsible and consistent. The volume of information increases as a result of the individual’s desire to produce new knowledge, but the social value of knowledge increases as a result of the effective impact of the state on the development of information infrastructure and the diffusion of information technologies. Thus, the realization of the potential of the additional value of information and its scaling on the basis of state-supported platform tools will allow for the transition from the information economy to the digital economy.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СФЕРИ ТУРИЗМУ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТА ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

Tourism is developing dynamically under the influence of the spread of travel and the activities of social and public institutions. This takes place in conditions of active interaction and dialogue between representatives of public authorities, business and the public. It is important for modern Ukraine to determine the ways of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of tourism and the possibility of participation of the traveler. Active human participation, demand for social and spiritual needs, new knowledge and innovative tourism practices, participation in state-building processes, are the basis for the success of public administration in the tourism sector. However, the theoretical foundations of the study of tourism as an object of public administration in the scientific literature is not sufficiently presented. The source analysis highlights the separation of four block clusters of scientific approaches: public administration, socio-economic, political and legal, socio-cultural. Within the framework of the public administration approach, the development of tourism is considered in the context of structural and functional improvement of public administration institutions and personnel policy. Research of professionalism and personal-professional qualities of a person is an important factor of professional activity in the field of tourism. According to the authors of the public administration approach, it should be emphasized that most of them see the need to consider tourism policy as a system of measures implemented by parliaments, governments, public and private organizations responsible for tourism. Some studies see the state’s tourism policy as necessary to plan the development of the tourism market players themselves. Thus, the analysis of theoretical foundations in the field of tourism as an object of public policy covers a wide range of mechanisms, institutions, tools, methods and technologies of public administration, political and legal, socio-economic and socio-cultural nature, which further develops other value components social processes in which tourism develops as a social phenomenon and the organizing and coordinating influence of the state at all management levels on the peculiarities of its development.

NGO–Public Administration Relationships in Tackling the Homelessness Problem in the Czech Republic and Poland

Recently, the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Poland and the Czech Republic has increased, which has translated into a growing tendency to change the procedures for social assistance provision. However, the relationships between public administration and non-governmental organisations differ in both countries. The Najam Four-C’s Model is used in this paper to describe how NGOs and public administration approach the problem of homelessness in the Czech Republic and Poland. To explore this issue, the authors conducted interviews with public servants and NGOs’ mangers in both countries. The findings show that, as far as homelessness is concerned, NGOs and state authorities function on the basis of complementarity in Poland as well as in the Czech Republic.

ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ В ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ОРГАНІВ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

The article considers the specifics of marketing in public administration. It is stated that recently there have been changes in social processes, which have left their mark on the change of approaches in public administration. The first results of the initiated reforms allow to assert about change of ideology of relations between the state and the person in favor of priority of interests of the last and formation of the marketing state. The key approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of «marketing in public administration» are identified. It is established that the main condition for the formation of marketing-oriented public services is to ensure their attractiveness to potential recipients. The study of the essence of marketing in public administration allowed to single out such its tasks as the satisfaction not only of consumers but also of producers of public services; ensuring the possibility of forming competitive advantages of legal entities; satisfaction of public interests; formation of the image of the public organization, market segmentation in order to more clearly adapt public services to the needs of the target market; determination of directions of activity of non-profit organizations. It is established that the objects, the needs of which can be directed to the efforts of public marketing, include consumers-individuals, consumers-legal entities, public authorities, society. The types and methods of marketing in the public sphere are diverse, identical to the objects and tools of influence. The main attention is paid to non-commercial channels of information dissemination, the main task is to solve the social needs of people. Possibilities of formation of marketing in public management according to the basic marketing concepts 4Р, 7Р, 4С are considered. The components of the evaluation of the quality of administrative service have been identified. The place of digital technologies in terms of marketing in public administration is determined. The importance of internal and partner marketing in public administration is established. Innovative methods of CGAS work as a practical platform for the use of marketing in public administration are considered.

Державна соціальна політика: сутність, моделі, напрями

The article aims at analyzing domestic and foreign experience in social policy provision (the essence of the concept, its basic models and directions), as it acts as a kind of lever to determine the principles, priorities, directions of the social sphere development. The article suggests a new definition of the "social policy" concept through analyzing the content of the category in question. The public administration approach to understanding the "social policy" concept is also outlined. The article identifies the priority directions of transformations in the EU member states’ social policy, which are taking place due to globalization challenges. Based on these areas, the main principles of European social policy are identified, namely: inclusiveness, gender equality, digitalization, support for youth policy development (employment, education), and financial education of citizens. Social policy in such countries as Canada, Germany, China, and Australia is analyzed, and peculiarities of its changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic are considered in the following areas: support for employment, social protection and the unemployed; social support for certain social groups; support for business development. The main means helping to implement the outlined areas are identified, namely: creation of funds to support certain social groups; formation of favorable conditions for lending to small, medium and large businesses; financing of various social programs (providing employment, training, and wage subsidies). The main directions of domestic social policy in the COVID-19 pandemic are also given. Relevant conclusions on domestic and foreign experience in the implementation of social policy are formed. Further research can be related to the issues of creating a mechanism for an effective social policy implementation.

Training and implementation of the environmental, economic, and legal development policy of the regions: main practice-oriented approaches

The article explores the possibilities of practice-oriented approaches in public administration, in the field of training and implementation of the ecological development policy of the regions, between areas, modern social and economic conditions instead. The methodological basis of the study consists of general scientific methods of cognition and social processes (analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification) and sociological methods for obtaining empirical data. The forms of optimization of public administration in the field of training and implementation of the ecological development policy of the regions are concluded, manifested in the practice-oriented approaches select in the following directions: from the framework outside responsibility and legal in the field of environmental protection; strengthening the role of economic mechanisms and environmental management tools in the regions; modernization of the public and state administration system in the field of environmental protection, and; Dissemination of an instrument of cross-sectoral social collaboration in the field of training and implementation of ecological development policy.

Bioethics and healthcare policies. The benefit of using genetic tests of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 in elderly patients.

This study focuses on the role of bioethics in designing public healthcare policies towards elderly patients with cancer. The general overview of public administration and healthcare approach to treatment. Interpretation of how the EU public administration faces the challenges of an ageing population and extended human longevity. The significant emotional impact a genetic cancer test holds, both in the patients and their families, is to be explained. From the bioethics' perspective, artificial intelligence and transhumanism are dangerous concerning its absence of boundaries. As a result of daily contact with cancer, we acknowledge the immediate and relevant impact science produces in a patient's life. We converge these subjects to the improvement of public policies and governmental efforts in increasing society's positive results.

Whistleblowing behaviours and anti-corruption approaches in public administration in Kenya

This article demonstrates that whistleblowing often receives little attention in public administration due to ambivalence regarding administrative roles held by public administrators, the fluid scalar chain and horizontal linkages, and competitive and intricate public, organisational and private interests. Drawing on comparative analysis to elucidate the broader scope of anti-corruption reforms and whistleblowing in public administration, the article explores the influence of the administrative culture on the relationship between whistleblowing behaviours and implementation of anti-corruption reforms in public administration in Kenya. It illustrates how bureaucratic oversight mechanisms such as internal auditing procedures and ethical guidelines tend to underperform where administrative environments largely feature autocratic bureaucratic authority, parochial management styles and centralised decision-making processes. Despite the functional specialty of public institutions, these cultural composites potentially elicit administrative behaviours that generally make whistleblowing anti-organisational, anti-social and an outright illegality in public administration. The absence of whistleblowing legislation or weak whistleblowing laws exacerbate these conditions. Whistleblowing becomes even more complex at the local-state level as social networks and working groups tend to be strengthened by the collectivist associational culture in public administration. Consequently, non-performance of anti-corruption reforms were found to stem from the collective chastisement of whistleblowing practices in public organisations in Kenya. Furthermore, institutional deficits typical in local-state administration seemingly made it riskier for potential whistleblowers to come forth, mainly attendant to loose and inconsistent legislation on corruption. Therefore, to enhance whistleblowing, there is a need to insulate potential whistleblowers from legal retaliation, including cultural retaliations that come in forms of emotional and professional ‘attacks’.

Vatandaşların Yerel Hizmetlere Yönelik Memnuniyet Algıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Kars Belediyesi Örneği

Market-based public administration approaches that have emerged under the influence of neo-liberalism have recently increased their influence. Today, citizens are perceived as customers; and the criteria of efficiency, speed and quality are brought into the forefront in public services. However, new public management approaches concern local governments closely. This is because winning the local elections depends on the efficient, high quality and fast execution of the services. In this context, it is significantly important to determine the level of satisfaction of the citizens from the local services. The aim of this study is to determine the satisfaction levels of citizens from municipal services in the case of Kars Municipality. In this study, face-to-face interview technique and quantitative research method were used. In this framework, a total of 550 questionnaires were distributed to the participants; however, the questionnaires of the participants who meticulously answered the questions were evaluated. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analysed and interpreted using the SPSS 12.0 package program. According to some of the findings obtained from the research, the most important local problems of the city of Kars are the lack of clean streets and streets, lack of road construction and maintenance services and inadequate social facilities. While the local services that citizen are most satisfied with are public health inspections, cemetery and fire / ambulance services; services with the lowest level of satisfaction; street / street cleaning, environmental protection, afforestation, parking services and road construction and maintenance services. Based on these data and findings, it can be said that; there is a similarity between the satisfaction levels of citizens and the topics they perceive as a problem. Thus, what the participants accepted as a problem such as cleaning of the streets, lack of road construction and maintenance services, and insufficient social facilities are also among the topics that citizens have the lowest level of satisfaction with local services.

Evaluating Public Administration Approaches towards Tax Non-Compliance in Europe

Those engaging in tax non-compliance have been conventionally explained as rational economic actors partaking when the benefits outweigh the costs, and thus public administrations have sought to enforce compliance using a deterrence approach which increases the risk of detection and penalties. However, many have been found to not engage in tax non-compliance when the benefits exceed the costs. The result has been the emergence of a voluntary compliance approach viewing taxpayers as social actors who engage in tax non-compliance when there is a lack of vertical trust (in governments) and horizontal trust (in others). Using a probit regression analysis of data from special Eurobarometer surveys conducted in 2007, 2013 and 2019, the finding is that although the likelihood of participating in tax non-compliance is largely not associated with the level of penalties and risk of detection, it is significantly associated with the level of vertical and horizontal trust, with participation in tax non-compliance increasing with lower vertical and horizontal trust. The implications for theory and for how public administrations tackle tax non-compliance are then discussed.

Four Cultural Narratives for Managing Social-ecological Complexity in Public Natural Resource Management

Public Natural Resource Management (NRM) agencies operate in complex social-ecological domains. These complexities proliferate unpredictably therefore investigating and supporting the ability of public agencies to respond effectively is increasingly important. However, understanding how public NRM agencies innovate and restructure to negotiate the range of particular complexities they face is an under researched field. One particular conceptualisation of the social-ecological complexities facing NRM agencies that is of growing influence is the Water–Energy–Food (WEF) nexus. Yet, as a tool to frame and understand those complexities it has limitations. Specifically, it overlooks how NRMs respond institutionally to these social-ecological complexities in the context of economic and organisational challenges—thus creating a gap in the literature. Current debates in public administration can be brought to bear here. Using an organisational cultures approach, this paper reports on a case study with a national NRM agency to investigate how they are attempting to transform institutionally to respond to complexity in challenging times. The research involved 12 elite interviews with senior leaders from Natural Resources Wales, (NRW) and investigated how cultural narratives are being explicitly and implicitly constructed and mobilised to this end. The research identified four distinct and sequential cultural narratives: collaboration, communication, trust, and empowerment where each narrative supported the delivery of different dimensions of NRW’s social-ecological complexity mandate. Counter to the current managerialist approaches in public administration, these results suggest that the empowerment of expert bureaucrats is important in responding effectively to complexity.

Agile-philosophy as a tool for using flexible approaches in public administration

Purpore. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the feasibility of using Agile-philosophy in public administration.Research methodology. The following research methods were used: dialectical method of cognition; logical; system analysis; abstract-logical and others - to justify the importance of using flexible approaches in public administration.Research results. The importance of using Agile-philosophy in public administration is substantiated and recommendations for the use of Scrum-methodology of project management in the activities of public authorities are identified.The practical significance of the research results. The obtained results can become the basis for further research of theoretical and applied nature related to the use of Scrum-commands on the basis of ideas and principles of flexible management technologies in the field of public administration.

New Public Management (NPM) as an Effort in Governance

New Public Management (NPM) is an approach in public administration that applies knowledge and experience gained in the world of management and other disciplines to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public service performance in modern bureaucracies. New public management focuses on public sector management that is performance-oriented, not policy-oriented. Based on the results of this study, there were three policies or strategies in the New Public Management (NPM) as an effort in governance, which were the reorganization of public administration, decentralization of partnerships and networks, and innovation. The purpose of making this literature review was to add insight into the New Public Management (NPM) as an effort in governance. The method used in this research was Study Literature Review (SLR), using several articles found in searches on Scopus, which were published in the last five years.