The acid dependence of the partition coefficient of Pu(IV) nitrate into organic solutions of long chain tertiary aliphatic amine nitrates is attributed to the different extraction behaviour of the Pu complexes which are formed in the aqueous phase at different nitric acid concentration. Of the several possible plutonium nitrate complexes only Pu(NO 3) 4 and Pu(NO 3) 6 2− can undergo extraction to a useful extent. Spectrophotometric data, ion exchange absorption and solid Pu(NO 3) 4 solubility experiments support this interpretation. The plutonium species predominating in the organic phase has been confirmed to be (R 3N) 2 Pu(NO 3) 6 under a wide variety of experimental conditions.