Psychosocial Indicators Research Articles

Resting-state heart rate variability, level of stress and resilience in internet gaming disorder and alcohol use disorder.

Stress and resilience are involved in the pathophysiology of addictive disorders, and heart rate variability (HRV) is an index of an individual's global capability to regulate psychological responses. In this study, we aimed to identify transdiagnostic and disorder-specific markers in people with addictive disorders by analyzing resting-state HRV and associations with the levels of stress and resilience. We compared relevant data between patients with internet gaming disorder (IGD) and/or alcohol use disorder (AUD) and healthy controls (HCs). In all, 163 adults aged 18-35years (53 with IGD, 49 with AUD, 61HCs) participated. The levels of stress and resilience were measured using the Psychosocial Wellbeing Index and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, respectively. The HRV was obtained from each participant during a 5min resting-state. The IGD and AUD patients exhibited increased levels of stress and decreased resilience compared to the HCs. Patients with either addictive disorder exhibited a lower standard deviation of the normal-to-normal beat interval (SDNN) index [SDNNi] compared to HCs even after adjusting for clinical variables such as depression, anxiety, and impulsivity. In multiple comparison tests among the three groups, the AUD group had lower HRV than HCs, but no differences were observed among the groups after adjusting for the clinical variables. The HRV indices were correlated with the levels of stress, resilience, and disease severity. In conclusion, IGD and AUD patients exhibit lower HRV as indicated by the SDNNi compared to HCs, revealing their vulnerability to stress as well as a common transdiagnostic marker of addiction.

NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery in non-Hispanic Black individuals: role of cerebral vascular function, pulse wave velocity, and psychosocial stress exposure

Non-Hispanic Black (BL) individuals are ~ 2 times more likely to develop cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, and related dementias (ADRD) relative to other populations. ADRD prevalence is expected to double by 2060, with a greater increase in BL and Hispanic populations. Reduced cerebral vascular function and large elastic artery health increases risk for cognitive decline and ADRD. In addition, psychosocial stress exposure, including at a young age, is a significant predictor of intellectual function and executive attention. However, the relationship between 1) cerebral & peripheral vascular function/health and indices of cognitive function, and 2) psychosocial stress exposure and indices of cognitive function in relatively young, healthy BL individuals are incompletely understood. We tested the hypothesis that cerebral vascular function and large elastic artery health are blunted in BL individuals, which will be associated with reduced cognitive performance. We also hypothesized that psychosocial stress exposure in the BL individuals is negatively associated with cognitive performance. METHODS: Eight BL (2 males; age: 20±1 yr; BMI: 22±3 kg/m2) and 8 WH (4 males; age: 20±3 yr; BMI: 23±2 kg/m2) individuals participated. Cognitive function was indexed using the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery which compiles a fluid score (i.e., capacity for new learning and information processing in novel situations), a crystallized score (i.e., past learning experiences), and a total cognition score. Cerebral vascular function was assessed as the % increase in cerebral vascular conductance (CVCi = middle cerebral artery blood velocity/mean arterial pressure) during hypercapnia (6% CO2). Large elastic artery health was assessed as aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV). Psychosocial stress exposure was assessed as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). RESULTS: The national percentile and age-adjusted fluid and total scores were lower in the BL individuals ( P<0.05 for each), whereas the crystallized score was not different ( P=0.79). The % increase in CVCi during hypercapnia (BL: 32±15, WH: 54±50%, P=0.26) and PWV (BL: 5.7±0.9, WH: 5.7±0.9 m·s-1, P=0.96) was similar between groups. Within the BL individuals there was not a significant correlation between %CVCi or PWV and the fluid, crystallized, or total scores ( P>0.05 for each) while ACEs tended to be negatively associated with total ( P=0.06) but not fluid or crystallized scores ( P>0.05 for each). CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that young, healthy BL individuals may have reduced indices of cognitive function, particularly in the fluid domain, which may be associated with ACEs. This does not appear to be related to cerebral vascular function or large elastic artery stiffness. Future work will continue to assess these relationships in a population with a wider age range and more diverse life experiences. NIH R15 (HL156128, RMB) & Peanut Institute (982307, RMB) This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Resolving the masculinity dilemma: Identifying subtypes of male meat consumers with latent profile analysis

Reducing meat consumption is necessary to meet Paris Agreement climate change targets. Efforts to reduce meat consumption should target male consumers, who are the biggest meat-eaters worldwide. However, men are often unwilling to reduce their meat intake, due partly to pressures to conform to dominant masculine ideological expectations that “real” men should eat meat (i.e., the masculinity dilemma). To build theoretical insights and more accurately inform interventions, the current study sought to identify latent subgroups of male consumers based on 20 psychosocial indicators related to meat consumption. A latent profile analysis of 575 Australian and English participants who self-identified as male yielded three distinct latent subgroups that differed significantly in indicator variables, self-reported meat consumption, and willingness to reduce their meat intake: “Resistant” consumers ate the most meat and were very unwilling to reduce, “Ambivalent” consumers ate moderate-to-high amounts of meat and were slightly unwilling to reduce, and “Meat-averse” consumers ate minimal quantities of meat and were very willing to reduce. Results suggest that previous meat-reduction intervention attempts may have been impeded by failing to target latent male consumer groups. Efforts to reduce men’s meat consumption will require further focus on within- rather than between-gender differences in male populations.

Assessment of Psychosocial and Neonatal Risk Factors for Trajectories of Behavioral Dysregulation Among Young Children From 18 to 72 Months of Age

Emotional and behavioral dysregulation during early childhood are associated with severe psychiatric, behavioral, and cognitive disorders through adulthood. Identifying the earliest antecedents of persisting emotional and behavioral dysregulation can inform risk detection practices and targeted interventions to promote adaptive developmental trajectories among at-risk children. To characterize children's emotional and behavioral regulation trajectories and examine risk factors associated with persisting dysregulation across early childhood. This cohort study examined data from 20 United States cohorts participating in Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes, which included 3934 mother-child pairs (singleton births) from 1990 to 2019. Statistical analysis was performed from January to August 2022. Standardized self-reports and medical data ascertained maternal, child, and environmental characteristics, including prenatal substance exposures, preterm birth, and multiple psychosocial adversities. Child Behavior Checklist caregiver reports at 18 to 72 months of age, with Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP = sum of anxiety/depression, attention, and aggression). The sample included 3934 mother-child pairs studied at 18 to 72 months. Among the mothers, 718 (18.7%) were Hispanic, 275 (7.2%) were non-Hispanic Asian, 1220 (31.8%) were non-Hispanic Black, 1412 (36.9%) were non-Hispanic White; 3501 (89.7%) were at least 21 years of age at delivery. Among the children, 2093 (53.2%) were male, 1178 of 2143 with Psychosocial Adversity Index [PAI] data (55.0%) experienced multiple psychosocial adversities, 1148 (29.2%) were exposed prenatally to at least 1 psychoactive substance, and 3066 (80.2%) were term-born (≥37 weeks' gestation). Growth mixture modeling characterized a 3-class CBCL-DP trajectory model: high and increasing (2.3% [n = 89]), borderline and stable (12.3% [n = 479]), and low and decreasing (85.6% [n = 3366]). Children in high and borderline dysregulation trajectories had more prevalent maternal psychological challenges (29.4%-50.0%). Multinomial logistic regression analyses indicated that children born preterm were more likely to be in the high dysregulation trajectory (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.76; 95% CI, 2.08-3.65; P < .001) or borderline dysregulation trajectory (aOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.06-1.76; P = .02) vs low dysregulation trajectory. High vs low dysregulation trajectories were less prevalent for girls compared with boys (aOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36-1.01; P = .05) and children with lower PAI (aOR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.51-2.49; P < .001). Combined increases in PAI and prenatal substance exposures were associated with increased odds of high vs borderline dysregulation (aOR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08-1.53; P = .006) and decreased odds of low vs high dysregulation (aOR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64-0.92; P = .005). In this cohort study of behavioral dysregulation trajectories, associations were found with early risk factors. These findings may inform screening and diagnostic practices for addressing observed precursors of persisting dysregulation as they emerge among at-risk children.

Influence of premorbid psychosocial stressors on chronic localized pain syndromes clinical characteristics (observational study)

Introduction. It is now recognized that stress plays an important role in the occurrence and exacerbation of chronic pain syndromes. Stress has a modulatory effect on the structures of the nervous system depending on the nature, duration and intensity of the stressor which is reflected in the clinical characteristics of pain.Aim. To study the features of the clinical characteristics of chronic localized pain syndromes depending on the presence of psychosocial stressors at the onset of pain.Materials and methods. The study included 118 patients with chronic localized pain syndromes 38 men (32.2%) and 80 women (67.8%) aged 19 to 66 years (mean age 41 ± 11 years). Depending on the presence of premorbid psychosocial stressors at the onset of pain patients were divided into two groups group I (main), group II (control). The research methods included a general clinical assessment of the pain syndrome characteristics, an assessment of the emotional state, psychosocial indicators and quality of life using special scales and tests. Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. 2.6.1.Results. Patients of group I experience more than 4-6 episodes of exacerbations per year, the duration of pain is from 8 to 28 days, affecting an average of 4 (3; 6) localizations, using more descriptors (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.013, p = 0.014, p=0.017, p=0.002 resp.), more likely to suffer from headaches and cervicalgia (p = 0.004 and p &lt; 0.001 resp.), use on average 4 (2; 5) drug group for pain relief (p = 0.004). Among patients with premorbid psychosocial stressors the proportion of women is 6.5 times higher (p &lt; 0.001). A significantly greater number of patients with sleep disorders and anxiety were identified in group I (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.009 respectively), the total score in assessing fatigue was 24 (19; 39) points which corresponds to moderate fatigue (p = 0.009). The average stress score on the Holmes-Rahe scale was 80 (53; 102) (p &lt; 0.001), the main stressful events are work-related problems. Direct statistically significant relationships between the level of stress and the characteristics of the pain syndrome were established the number of pain localizations, the intensity of pain, the number of descriptors (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001). The life quality index was 2 (2; 4) scores according to the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire which indicates a decrease in the quality of life (p &lt; 0.001) in group I. It was noted that the chances of stress onset of pain in an active lifestyle are 3.4 times lower (p = 0.012).Conclusion. Premorbid psychosocial stressors are markers of the severity of chronic pain and affective distress. At the same time premorbid psychosocial stressors can be considered a modifiable factor. If it is assessed and recognized in time, the development of chronic pain and associated affective distress can be eliminated and potentially prevented.

“What else is new?” identifying emerging psychosocial risk factors in hospitality employment

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify new psychosocial risk factors in the assessment of job demands and job resources in hospitality employment and to initiate the development of a psychosocial hospitality risk indicator (PHRI). The argument is underpinned by the findings from an exploratory study of health and safety representatives (HSE) in the hospitality sector.Design/methodology/approachUsing focus-group interviews with 15 HSE representatives from 13 hospitality companies in lodging, housekeeping, and food and beverage segments, this research explored perceived psychosocial risks in different hospitality jobs through the lens of the JD-R (job demands-job resources) model.FindingsThis study suggests that factors such as conditioned flexibility, technological requirements, multicultural workforce interactions, lack of support from customers and lack of emotion ventilation represent new risk factors in the psychosocial work environment if not properly managed. A list of items to assess these new psychosocial risks is provided, and a model of different knowledge sources for the further development of the PHRI is suggested.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to identify new psychosocial risks in hospitality employment through the lens of a health and safety work perspective. A key theoretical contribution of this research is the extension of the JD-R model with new variables representing service-specific job demands and resources and the development of items for future risk assessment in hospitality jobs.

Senior Health Clinic for 75-year-old home-dwelling Finns – study design, clinic protocol and non-response analysis

BackgroundIn the Finnish policy on older people preventive activities, which maintain functional capacity and independent living, are emphasized. The Turku Senior Health Clinic, aimed at maintaining independent coping of all home-dwelling 75-year-old citizens in the city of Turku, was founded in the beginning of 2020. The aim of this paper is to describe design and protocol of the Turku Senior Health Clinic Study (TSHeC) and provide results of the non-response analysis.MethodsThe non-response analysis used data from 1296 participants (71% of those eligible) and 164 non-participants of the study. Sociodemographic, health status, psychosocial and physical functional ability indicators were included in the analysis. Participants and non-participants were also compared in respect to their neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage. Differences between participants and non-participants were tested using the Chi squared or Fisher´s exact test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variable.ResultsThe proportions of women (43% vs. 61%) and of those with only satisfying, poor or very poor self-rated financial status (38% vs. 49%) were significantly lower in non-participants than in participants. Comparison of the non-participants and participants in respect to their neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage showed no differences. The prevalence of hypertension (66% vs. 54%), chronic lung disease (20% vs. 11%), and kidney failure (6% vs. 3%) were higher among non-participants compared to participants. Feelings of loneliness were less frequent among non-participants (14%) compared to participants (32%). The proportions of those using assistive mobility devices (18% vs. 8%) as well as those having previous falls (12% vs. 5%) were higher in non-participants than in participants.ConclusionsThe participation rate of TSHeC was high. No neighborhood differences in participation were found. Health status and physical functioning of non-participants seemed to be slightly worse than those of the participants, and more women than men participated. These differences may weaken the generalizability of the findings of the study. The differences have to be taken into account when recommendation for the content and implementation of preventive nurse-managed health clinic in primary health care in Finland is going to be given.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05634239; registration date; 1st of December 2022. Retrospectively registered.

COVID-19 and Psychosocial Well-Being: Did COVID-19 Worsen U.S. Frontline Healthcare Workers’ Burnout, Anxiety, and Depression?

Healthcare workers are highly regarded for their compassion, dedication, and composure. However, COVID-19 created unprecedented demands that rendered healthcare workers vulnerable to increased burnout, anxiety, and depression. This cross-sectional study assessed the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on U.S. healthcare frontliners using a 38-item online survey administered by Reaction Data between September and December 2020. The survey included five validated scales to assess self-reported burnout (Maslach Summative Burnout Scale), anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-2), resilience (Brief Resilience Coping Scale), and self-efficacy (New Self-Efficacy Scale-8). We used regression to assess the relationships between demographic variables and the psychosocial scales index scores and found that COVID-19 amplified preexisting burnout (54.8%), anxiety (138.5%), and depression (166.7%), and reduced resilience (5.70%) and self-efficacy (6.5%) among 557 respondents (52.6% male, 47.5% female). High patient volume, extended work hours, staff shortages, and lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and resources fueled burnout, anxiety, and depression. Respondents were anxious about the indefinite duration of the pandemic/uncertain return to normal (54.8%), were anxious of infecting family (48.3%), and felt conflicted about protecting themselves versus fulfilling their duty to patients (44.3%). Respondents derived strength from their capacity to perform well in tough times (74.15%), emotional support from family/friends (67.2%), and time off work (62.8%). Strategies to promote emotional well-being and job satisfaction can focus on multilevel resilience, safety, and social connectedness.

A biopsychosocial approach assessing pain indicators among Black men.

The lack of empirical evidence documenting the pain experience of Black men may be the result of social messaging that men are to project strength and avoid any expression of emotion or vulnerability. This avoidant behavior however, often comes too late when illnesses/symptoms are more aggressive and/or diagnosed at a later stage. This highlights two key issues - the willingness to acknowledge pain and wanting to seek medical attention when experiencing pain. To better understand the pain experience in diverse raced and gendered groups, this secondary data analysis aimed to determine the influence identified physical, psychosocial, and behavioral health indicators have in reporting pain among Black men. Data were taken from a baseline sample of 321 Black men, >40 years old, who participated in the randomized, controlled Active & Healthy Brotherhood (AHB) project. Statistical models were calculated to determine which indicators (somatization, depression, anxiety, demographics, medical illnesses) were associated with pain reports. Results showed that 22% of the men reported pain for more than 30 days, with more than half of the sample being married (54%), employed (53%), and earning an income above the federal poverty level (76%). Multivariate analyses showed that those reporting pain were more likely to be unemployed, earn less income, and reported more medical conditions and somatization tendencies (OR=3.28, 95% CI (1.33, 8.06) compared to those who did not report pain. Findings from this study indicate that efforts are needed to identify the unique pain experiences of Black men, while recognizing its impact on their identities as a man, a person of color, and someone living with pain. This allows for more comprehensive assessments, treatment plans, and prevention approaches that may have beneficial impacts throughout the life course.

Improvement of halitosis by probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria CMU: A randomized controlled trial.

Several in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated the effect of probiotics on oral health; however, human clinical studies are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of Weissella cibaria Chonnam Medical University (CMU)-containing tablets on halitosis. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study included 100 adults with halitosis (age, 20-70 years). The participants were randomly assigned to the test group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). One tablet [1 × 108 colony forming units (CFU)/tablet] was to be taken each day over 8 weeks. The concentrations of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), bad breath improvement scores, and oral colonization of W. cibaria were measured. Psychosocial indicators including depression, self-esteem, oral health-related quality of life, and subjective oral health status were evaluated. Most variables were assessed at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks, and W. cibaria number and safety variables were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Intergroup comparisons were carried out using Student's t-test, Chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test on per-protocol analysis. Intragroup differences before and after intake were analyzed using the linear mixed-effect model (LMM). Per-protocol analysis was carried out in the test group (n = 45) and control group (n = 46). Total VSC was significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the placebo group at baseline (week 0, p = 0.046) and at 8 weeks (p = 0.017). The sum of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan did not differ significantly between the groups at baseline; however, it was significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the placebo group at week 8 (p = 0.012). Bad breath improvement (BBI) scores were significantly reduced at week 8 (p = 0.006) in the probiotics group. Statistically significant intergroup differences were observed for changes in the level of W. cibaria at week 8 (p < 0.001). Psychological indicators significantly improved from baseline to week 8 in the probiotics group. No safety issues were observed in either group. The levels of W. cibaria was higher in patients with halitosis using W. cibaria CMU-containing tablets. The subjective degree of bad breath and psychological indicators were improved in patients with halitosis using W. cibaria CMU-containing tablets.

Clinimetric properties of the diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic research among the elderly.

Among the elderly, the availability of tool assessing psychosomatic syndromes is limited. The present study aims at testing inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity of the semi-structured interview for the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR-R-SSI) in the elderly of the general population. One hundred eight subjects were recruited. Participants received a clinical assessment which included the DCPR-R-SSI, the Illness Attitude Scale (IAS), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Psychosocial Index (PSI), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). Analyses of inter-rater reliability of DCPR-R-SSI and concurrent validity between DCPR-R-SSI and self-administered questionnaires were conducted. DCPR-R-SSI showed excellent inter-rater reliability with a percent of agreement of 90.7% (K Cohen: 0.856 [SE = 0.043], 95% CI: 0.77-0.94). DCPR-R demoralization showed fair concurrent validity with GDS; concurrent validity was also fair between DCPR-R Alexithymia and TAS-20, and between DCPR-R allostatic overload and PSI allostatic load, while the concurrent validity between DCPR-R Disease Phobia and IAS was moderate. DCPR-R-SSI represents a reliable and valid tool to assess psychosomatic syndromes in the elderly. DCPR-R is in need of being implemented in the elderly clinical evaluation.

United we thrive: friendship and subsequent physical, behavioural and psychosocial health in older adults (an outcome-wide longitudinal approach).

Three factors converge to underscore the heightened importance of evaluating the potential health/well-being effects of friendships in older adulthood. First, policymakers, scientists, and the public alike are recognizing the importance of social relationships for health/well-being and creating national policies to promote social connection. Second, many populations are rapidly aging throughout the world. Third, we currently face what some call a 'friendship recession'. Although, growing research documents associations between friendship with better health and well-being, friendship can also have a 'dark side' and can potentially promote negative outcomes. To better capture friendship's potential heterogeneous effects, we took an outcome-wide analytic approach. We analysed data from 12,998 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) - a prospective and nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged >50, and, evaluated if increases in friendship strength (between t0; 2006/2008 and t1; 2010/2012) were associated with better health/well-being across 35 outcomes (in t2; 2014/2016). To assess friendship strength, we leveraged all available friendship items in HRS and created a composite 'friendship score' that assessed the following three domains: (1) friendship network size, (2) friendship network contact frequency and (3) friendship network quality. Stronger friendships were associated with better outcomes on some indicators of physical health (e.g. reduced risk of mortality), health behaviours (e.g. increased physical activity) and nearly all psychosocial indicators (e.g. higher positive affect and mastery, as well as lower negative affect and risk of depression). Friendship was also associated with increased likelihood of smoking and heavy drinking (although the latter association with heavy drinking did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance). Our findings indicate that stronger friendships can have a dual impact on health and well-being. While stronger friendships appear to mainly promote a range of health and well-being outcomes, stronger friendships might also promote negative outcomes. Additional research is needed, and any future friendship interventions and policies that aim to enhance outcomes should focus on how to amplify positive outcomes while mitigating harmful ones.

Factors associated with academic performance in adolescents from La Rioja (Spain): lifestyle habits, health indicators, and sociodemographic factors

Introduction: academic performance is influenced by numerous factors, some personal and others contextual in nature, which also have a close relationship with the health of students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of lifestyle habits, various physical and psychosocial health indicators, and sociodemographic variables on academic performance. Method: the study was carried out on a sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years old) from 25 educational centers in a region of northern Spain. Academic performance was assessed, as well as health-related quality of life, self-esteem, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, hours of nocturnal sleep, level of physical activity, environment for the practice of physical activity, participation in extra-curricular sports activities, maximum oxygen consumption, body mass index, and various sociodemographic factors. Results: being male, having immigrant origins, as well as having a low/medium socioeconomic level, a cardiorespiratory capacity in the risk zone, lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and lower health-related quality of life indices were associated with lower academic performance, explaining up to 14 % of its variance according to the regression analysis. Likewise, adolescents with higher self-esteem, lower body mass index, females, those who lived in a favorable environment for physical activity practice, engaged in extra-curricular physical activity, and had a higher number of hours of nocturnal sleep showed higher levels of academic performance. Conclusions: interventions aimed at combating academic failure should take into account the aforementioned associated factors, with special emphasis on the most vulnerable groups such as males, those with lower socioeconomic status, and those who follow unhealthy lifestyle habits.

Hermanos de pacientes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad: relación entre psicopatología y la resiliencia

IntroductionPatients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their siblings share genetic and environmental characteristics, which are risk factors for presenting psychiatric disorders. Resilience could be a protective factor for the development of psychopathology. This study aimed to determine the association between levels of resilience and the presence of psychopathology in siblings at high risk (SHR). Materials and methodsTriplets consisting of an index patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a SHR and one of their parents were collected. The SHR were evaluated with a clinical interview and scales to diagnose psychopathology. They also filled out the Wagnild and Young resilience scale. In addition, psychosocial adversity factors and other sociodemographic data were evaluated. The sample was divide: HAR with 2 or more psychiatric disorders was called a group with high psychopathological burden, and SHR with one or none psychiatric disorders, a group with low psychopathological burden. The difference between high or low resilience was calculated according to the SHR psychopathology burden group. Adjustments for age, gender, psychosocial adversity index, psychopathology in parents and family APGAR were perform. ResultsA sample of 159 SHR was recruited, 100 from the high psychopathological burden group and 59 from the low psychopathological burden group. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was the most common psychiatric disorders in SHR followed by generalized anxiety disorder. It was found that 32.2% of SHR with high psychopathological burden, and 18% of SHR with low psychopathological burden had a low resilience score. The adjusted OR for low resilience was 1.85 (CI: 0.82-4.18, P=.136). ConclusionsSHR presented a slight and inverse association between the level of resilience and the psychopathological burden. To implement strategies to increase resilience levels could positively impact mental health in this population.

Diabetes Self-Management Program Using Video-Conferencing Technology for Older People with Diabetes: A systematic Review

Purpose: This study was a systematic review to identify components, strategies, and limitations of diabetes self-management intervention using video conferencing technology for the older adults. Methods: This review followed the NECA’s manual and PRISMA guidelines. Seven databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, RISS, DBpia, and KISS) were searched, and the quality of the studies was evaluated using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. As heterogeneity between studies, the results of the study were described through qualitative synthesis. Results: Eleven articles were included according to the selection criteria. Interventions dealing with all seven ADCES diabetes self-care behaviors accounted for the majority with five (45.4%). Video conference software such as Zoom was used, and some of the participants were provided with equipment for video conferencing access. In addition, various strategies were applied to overcome the difficulties of participants, such as pre-training for the use of equipment, encouraging participation through family or friends, and using research assistants. Interventions showed positive effects in diabetes clinical indicators, psychosocial indicators, and satisfaction. Conclusion: Researchers need to consider various strategies such as providing equipment or encouraging participation to develop diabetes self-management interventions using video conferencing technology for the older adults.

Features of the course of ankylosing spondylitis depending on the psychosocial status and duration of the disease

Purpose: to study the influence of psychosocial indicators and duration of the disease on the quality of life (QL), anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders (ADSD) and clinical and laboratory activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Materials and methods: the study involved 112 patients with AS. The author assessed clinical and laboratory activity of the disease, QOL (SF-36), the presence of ADSD (using the Taylor, Hamilton, and Spielberger scales), and autonomic disorders depending on the duration of the disease and the level of education. Results: in most patients with AS, signs of ADSD were detected, while in persons with higher education (HE), ADSD were significantly more common, and they had a higher level of anxiety and depression. Patients with HE have lower vital activity, the ability to adapt to social functioning, and an indicator of mental health. The study of the effect of AS duration on QL allowed the author to establish an association between an increase in AS duration and a decrease in the indicator of the psychological component of health. Conclusions: male patients with a higher level of education, who are characterized by lower indicators of QOL, mainly psychological health, have a greater tendency to develop ADSD. An increase in the duration of AS disease does not affect the development of ADSD. With the duration of AS for over 10 years, the indicators of the psycho-emotional and physical components of QOL decrease. There is a tendency in the increase in anxiety and depression levels, antioxidant protection factors are getting exhausted, inflammatory activity progresses, and personal perception of pain intensifies.

Psychosocial risk in healthcare workers after one year of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed the capacity of the healthcare system, affecting the volume of demands and the care tasks of healthcare workers. To examine the health indicators and exposure to psychosocial risks of Spanish healthcare workers 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic and compare them with the results of the first wave. We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire (April-May 2020 and 2021). The data stem from the COTS 1 project database, corresponding to the first wave of COVID-19 (n = 1989) and COTS 2 (n = 1716) corresponding to 1 year later. The samples were independent. The prevalence of exposure to psychosocial risks and adverse health indicators was estimated for every occupational group, segregating the data by sex. Professionals of all types presented worse perception of health. In general, the results were worse for women, while geriatric assistants presented the greatest exposure to psychosocial risk in COTS 2 compared to COTS 1. Sleep problems, high quantitative demands and high concern about becoming infected and spreading COVID-19 were cross-disciplinary in COTS 1, while worse perception of health, high pace of work, high work-life conflict and low development opportunities stood out in COTS 2. Exposure to psychosocial risks was already high during the first wave and a significant decline in working conditions was observed. The prolongation of the pandemic exacerbated these results and seems to have multiplied the pre-existing inequalities between the axes of segregation in the labour market.

PSYCHOSOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL INDICATORS OF CHRONIC PAIN AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER BLACK MEN

Abstract There is a lack of data describing the pain experience of Black men. This may be the result of social messaging that men are to project strength and avoid any expression of emotion or vulnerability. This avoidant behavior(s) however, often comes too late when illness/symptoms are more aggressive and/or diagnosed at a later stage. This begins to address two larger issues – the willingness to acknowledge pain and to seek medical attention when experiencing pain. To address this lack of data, this study aimed to determine the influence psychosocial indicators have in the pain experience of Black men 40+ years old. Participants from the Active &amp; Healthy Brotherhood study were categorized based on the pain question from the Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire. Demographics, general health, and psychosocial measures were compared across pain groups. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine predictors of pain, while adjusting for other factors. Results showed that the men (n=303) were mostly married (54%) and employed (53%). Those reporting arthritis (OR=4.5; 95% CI 2.0, 10.0), good health (2.8; 1.2, 6.6), higher somatization (3.2; 1.2, 8.8) compared to excellent/very good self-rated health, were more likely to self-report pain in the past 30 days. Findings from this study show that continued efforts are needed to identify the unique pain experiences of Black men, while recognizing the impact it has on their identity as a man, a person of color, and as a person living with pain.

Testing a model of biopsychosocial successful aging based on socioemotional selectivity theory in the second half of life.

We first tested a successful aging model, which included biomedical and psychosocial indicators. Next, we tested the assumptions on the social network characteristics of the socioemotional selectivity theory in a model where the outcome variable is successful aging. Cross-sectional study. The study was carried out in municipal centers and nursing homes. A total of 478 adults (Mean age = 72.11, SD = 10.43) were enrolled. Psychological Well-being Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Future Time Perspective, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living Scale, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Mini-Mental State Examination Test were completed. The structural equation modeling analyses indicated that higher social satisfaction mediated the association of the future time perspective with successful aging. Furthermore, there was another significant indirect sequential path from the future time perspective to successful aging. The path was first via the number of close social partners and second, social satisfaction. The findings highlight the importance of social satisfaction in the process of successful aging and provide novel evidence that the socioemotional selectivity theory can be considered as a biopsychosocial model of successful aging in future studies.

Ergenlerde Mutluluk, Öz-Yeterlik, Akran İlişkileri ve Sosyal Onay İhtiyacı Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada liseye devam eden ergenlerde mutluluğun psikososyal göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Öz- yeterlik, akran ilişkileri ve sosyal onay ihtiyacı psikososyal göstergeler olarak ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 637 lise öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin yaşları 13 ile 19 arasında değişmektedir (X ̅=15,56; Ss=1,19). Analiz sonuçları ergen mutluluğu ile öz-yeterlik, akran ilişkileri ve sosyal onay ihtiyacı arasında, öz-yeterlik ile akran ihtiyacı ve sosyal onay ihtiyacı arasında anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (YEM) sonuçlarına göre ergen mutluluğu ve öz- yeterlik arasındaki ilişkide akran ilişkileri ve sosyal onay ihtiyacının kısmi aracı role sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öz-yeterlik, akran ilişkileri ve sosyal onay ihtiyacı, ergen mutluluğunun toplam varyansının %54’ ünü açıklamaktadır. Araştırmada psikososyal göstergeler olarak ele alınan öz-yeterlik akran ilişkileri ve sosyal onay ihtiyacının ergen mutluluğunun anlamlı yordayıcıları olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular alanyazın doğrultusunda tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur