Psychosocial Impact Of Dental Aesthetics Research Articles

Evaluating the influence of dental aesthetics on psychosocial well-being and self-esteem among students of the University of Novi Sad, Serbia: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundA person’s smile has been identified as one of the first observed facial characteristics. Even minor deviations from societal beauty standards, especially among younger individuals, can have a negative effect on their self-esteem. The aim of this research is to evaluate the self-perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and self-esteem among respondents and their association, as well as to determine the main factors contributing to dissatisfaction with dental appearance.MethodsThis research was conducted as a cross-sectional study that surveyed students of the University of Novi Sad. Other Universities and private faculties were excluded from participation. Data collection used standardized questionnaires measuring the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDAQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Questionnaire (an online GoogleForms) was sent to the students via official Facebook groups of the faculties, student’s e-mails and Instagram profiles. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Students T-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis and Spearman coefficient. To test internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha(α) was calculated for the questionnaire as a whole (0,761) and each used questionnaire (PIDAQ – 0.766; RSES – 0.765). Cronbach’s alpha(α) was also calculated for each domain from PIDAQ (DSC-0.946; SI-0.882; PI–0.953; AC-0.916).ResultsThe study involved 410 participants, predominantly female (80%), aged between 21 and 23 (45.4%), primarily in ther first academic year (21.5%), and with a grade point average between 8.01 and 9.00 (42.4%). Data analysis has shown a statistically significant difference in the total PIDAQ score and SI subdomain in relation to the academic year (total PIDAQ p = 0.025; SI p = 0.000). In terms of self-esteem, results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the academic year (95%CI: 0.410–1.837; p = 0.002) and the average point grade (95%CI: -0.025-1.600; p = 0.047) were significant predictors of greater self-esteem. The Spearman coefficient value (r=-0.316, p < 0.001) confirmed a statistically significant negative correlation between PIDAQ and self-esteem. Only 34% of respondents expressed satisfaction with their teeth. Dissatisfaction about the smile was primarily attributed to the arrangement and positioning of their teeth (32.2%). Financial constraints were identified as the main barrier for seeking interventions to improve smile satisfaction (39.5%).ConclusionStudents experiencing a greater psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics tended to exhibit lower self-esteem.

Retracted: The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Esthetics in Undergraduates with Borderline Malocclusion.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/2399323.].

What impact do personality traits have on self-perception of dental aesthetics?

BackgroundMalocclusion has significant social, psychological and physical impacts on the quality of life. This study aimed to study psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among students, and how it was modified by personality traits.MethodsChinese version of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale of (EPQ-RSC) and Chinese version of Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) were used to investigate 555 undergraduate students, aged 18 to 24 years. The participants and investigators self-rated their own dental aesthetics using the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The malocclusion was assessed by two independent investigators using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of IOTN.ResultsNo statistically significant difference was found for gender (p = 0.829) nor for majors (p = 0.598) in the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. Total and subscale PIDAQ scores differed significantly among the 3 IOTN grades. PIDAQ scores strongly correlated with Eysenck personality. The dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism, and dental health component grades had significant impact on participants' psychosocial well-being of dental aesthetics.ConclusionsNeurotic people with high self-concerns perceived greater psychosocial impact. Outgoing people appear to be less affected psychosocially by dental aesthetics.

Psychosocial impact of malocclusion: Is there gender difference

Background/Aim: The aim of the research is to assess the psychosocial impact of malocclusion, to determine the relationship with the degree of need for orthodontic treatment, and to assess the influence of gender on this relationship in adolescents. Material and Methods: A total of 100 subjects, aged 12 to 18, participated in the research. The subjects had no previous orthodontic treatment. The assessment of the need for orthodontic treatment was performed using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), namely the Dental Health Component (DHC) and the Aesthetic Component (AC). The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was assessed using the PIDAQ questionnaire. Results: The total PIDAQ score, as well as its 4 subclasses, dental self-confidence, psychological impact, social impact and aesthetic concern have a positive correlation with the categories of the IOTN. The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is similar in boys and girls, except that girls showed a slightly greater aesthetic concern due to the presence of malocclusion. Conclusions: The present malocclusion has a psychological and social impact on the individual, but it also negatively affects his dental self-confidence and aesthetic concerns. The results of the PIDAQ questionnaire can guide the orthodontist to the patient's basic problem and thus provide guidelines for orthodontic treatment.

Translation and Validation of the Kannada Version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire

Background: The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is used to evaluate the self-reported impact of dental esthetics on quality of life of adolescents. Aim: PIDAQ was not available in Kannada. Prompted by the importance that this type of questionnaire has acquired, this study aimed to translate the original English version of PIDAQ into Kannada and to assess the validity and reliability of the translated Kannada version in order to provide a theoretical basis for further application in Kannada-speaking adolescents. Materials and Methods: A school-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 13–19-year-old adolescents. The study was conducted on a pilot sample (n = 20), and a final study sample (n = 92) was selected conveniently from five different higher secondary schools in Mangalore. PIDAQ was given. Dental esthetics was assessed using the Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and the Dental Aesthetic Index. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Construct validity was studied by carrying out factor analysis. Test–retest reliability was tested using intra-class correlation coefficient. Results: The Kannada PIDAQ showed good reliability with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.832 and overall test–retest reliability ranging from 0.723 to 0.980. The construct validity was good with formation of two new domains “Self-consciousness” and “Aspiration.” Conclusion: The good validity and reliability of Kannada PIDAQ make it a suitable tool for assessment of the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics among adolescents who are fluent in reading, writing, and understanding Kannada.

The Correlation between Orthodontic Treatment Need and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics among Patients Seeking Orthodontic Treatment

Background: The influence of orthodontic treatment on self-confidence and quality of life is a major reason for patients to seek treatment. This study was designed to assess the relationship between orthodontic treatment need and psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Methods: This descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 165 patients referred to orthodontic clinics in Kerman to start treatment. Patients were selected by census method to reach the specified sample size. The data collection tools included 3 forms: demographic information form, Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and a form for recording information obtained from clinical examination to determine orthodontic treatment need based on Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Data analysis was performed through SPSS 22 and using t test, ANOVA, and linear regression at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The educational level of subjects and their parents and economic status showed no significant relationship with total PIDAQ score and any of its domains (P&gt;0.05). In psychological impact domain, women’s score was significantly higher (P=0.016) and there was a significant relationship between the treatment need based on aesthetic component (AC) and the domains of dental self-confidence (P=0.003), social impact (P=0.049) and psychological impact (P=0.066), as well as the total score of questionnaire (P=0.012). Treatment need based on dental health component had no statistically significant relationship with PIDAQ score (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: AC of IOTN had significant relationship with dental self-confidence, social impact and psychological impact as well as the total score of PIDAQ. In orthodontic treatments, in addition to malocclusion, the psychological aspects should also be considered.

Psychosocial Impact of Malocclusion and Self-Perceived Orthodontic Treatment Need among Young Adult Dental Patients.

To investigate the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and self-rated and clinician-rated orthodontic treatment need on young adult patients in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia. Eighteen- to 30-year-old patients (n=355) attending a tertiary dental care facility were included. Three instruments were used for data collection: (1) Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ), (2) aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC), self-rated and clinician-rated, and (3) clinician-rated Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and multiple linear regression analysis. Females were significantly more impacted than males on all domains with the exception of the dental self-consciousness domain. For both the self-rated and clinician-rated IOTN and the DAI, it was found that the more severe the malocclusion, the higher the impact on all domains except for the dental self-confidence domain, which showed that patients with mild malocclusions were more affected than those with moderate and severe malocclusions. Significant associations were observed between independent variables (age, sex, self-rated IOTN, and DAI) and total PIDAQ score. Perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is directly related to severity of malocclusion (self-rated and clinician-rated) for all domains of the PIDAQ accept the DSC, and females showed higher psychosocial impact than males. Clinicians should consider the impact of malocclusion and certain demographic characteristics on the psychosocial well-being of an individual when determining the orthodontic treatment need.

The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and experiencing discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital among outpatients.

AimTo evaluate the association between outpatient’s perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and experiencing discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital.Material and methodsCross-sectional study in a Peruvian public hospital, where 207 outpatients (18–30 years old) were surveyed. We asked participants about self-reported experiences of discrimination in the last six months at a Peruvian public hospital using a question from the Peruvian National Household Survey on Living Conditions and Poverty (ENAHO) 2017. We also measured the perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics with the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Additionally, we evaluated age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, and reason for being discriminated against. Association was assessed with Poisson regression using a robust estimator of variance and reporting prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals in crude and adjusted models.ResultsAbout two out of every five participants having experienced discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital in the last six months. On our adjusted estimates, we found discrimination to be positively associated with two components of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, which were social impact (PR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04) and the psychological impact (PR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10). Conversely, dental self-confidence (PR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.98) was negatively associated with discrimination.ConclusionsThe perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is associated with experiencing discrimination among outpatients from a Peruvian public hospital. We advocate for structural changes to address discrimination in healthcare spaces by corresponding governmental authorities.

Psycho-social impact of malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment

Background: The present study was conducted for assessing Psycho-social effects of malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Materials &amp; methods: 30 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment were enrolled in the present study. All the subjects were pre-informed about the study protocol. Study consisted of collection of information for psychosocial assessment using a questionnaire and clinical examination of malocclusion. Data regarding psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was collected using a Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire. The responses were recorded by the examiner himself using the appropriate codes. All the oral examination procedures were carried out using sterile gloves, mouth mirror, tweezer and probe. Results: Out of the 30 children examined, there were 63.33% (19) males and 36.67% (19) females. The mean age of the subjects examined was 13.96 years. On the whole, the mean Dental self-confidence score differed significantly among both male and female children across the age groups. Overall, the mean social impact score did not differ significantly among both male and female subjects across the age groups. Conclusion: Dental aesthetics have a significant impact on the psychosocial aspects of human life.

Effect of personality traits on the association between clinically assessed malocclusion and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics.

We aimed to assess whether personality traits affect the relationship between malocclusion and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and whether they act as its mediators or moderators. The cross-sectional study included 252 participants with permanent dentition (62% female) aged 12-39 years. The Big Five Inventory, the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need were used. Moderation and mediation were tested by hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression. Malocclusion was the most significant predictor of dental self-confidence (DSC), aesthetic concern (AC), social impact (SI) and psychological impact (PI), accounting for 12%-28% of respective variability (P< .05). Adult age, male sex and higher neuroticism and agreeableness were additional predictors of higher DSC (P < .05). Adolescent age was a predictor of higher AC, SI and PI, and female sex of higher AC and PI (P < .05). Mediation by personality traits was not proven, however, openness, agreeableness and neuroticism were moderators. A tendency of decrease in AC was associated with an increase in malocclusion complexity in adolescents lower in openness and decrease in SI in adolescents with lower agreeableness. There was also a tendency of higher increase of AC associated with an increase of malocclusion degree in adults higher in neuroticism. In adolescents, openness and agreeableness moderate the relationship between malocclusion and AC and SI, respectively. Neuroticism is a moderator of the association between malocclusion and AC in adults.

Age and Gender Are Associated with the Component of Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire in Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) The aim of the study was to investigate the association between age, gender, and the component of psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics (PIDAQ) in Malaysian young people. (2) Cross-sectional data on the PIDAQ (comprised of dental self-confidence, social impact, psychological impact, and aesthetic concern variables) of Malaysian youth (n = 1425) recruited through multi-stage sampling were analyzed for mediation and moderated mediation analyses using the PROCESS macro on SPSS software. (3) Participants (mean age 16.0 ± 2.8) represented 54.8% of girls and 45.2% of boys. In the mediation model, psychological impact and aesthetic concern completely mediated the effects of social impact on dental self-confidence. In the moderated mediation model, social impact directly influenced dental self-confidence amongst participants at one standard deviation below the sample mean age and among boys. However, psychological impact completely mediated the influence of social impact on dental self-confidence amongst participants at the sample mean age and at one standard deviation above the sample mean ages, and among girls. Neither age nor gender moderated the effect of aesthetic concern on dental self-confidence. (4) Age and gender moderated the influence of social impact and psychological impact on dental self-confidence.

The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Esthetics in Undergraduates with Borderline Malocclusion.

Background The study investigates the existing correlation between self-perceived malocclusion, the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics, and whether this link involves personality traits. Methods The 179 questionnaires from 615 undergraduates in Wenzhou were used for analysis after applying the exclusion criteria. The Psychosocial Impact of the Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) was administered to evaluate participants' perceptions of the psychosocial impacts of malocclusion. The need for orthodontic treatment was assessed using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The Chinese version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Short Scale (EPQ-RSC) evaluated participants' personality characteristics. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences between the IOTN-Dental Health Component (DHC) and expectations of orthodontic treatment. Linear regression was applied with PADAQ and its subscale scores against possible variables. Results The total and subscale PIDAQ scores were positively correlated with neuroticism. Total PIDAQ scores, the DHC, and the Aesthetic Component (AC) were significantly positively correlated with the subjective AC. The DHC was significantly negatively correlated with extroversion. Conclusions We confirmed a modest link between the need for orthodontic treatment and the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics.

Does Malocclusion Severity affect the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics among Nigerian Adolescents?

The impact of malocclusion on the psyche of an individual could range from mild reservations about teeth appearance to debilitating anxiety about self-image and self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial impact of malocclusion, determine its association with severity of malocclusion, and assess the effect of gender, age and academic level on psychosocial impact of malocclusion in Nigerian adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample of 96 adolescents with an age range of 13 to 19 years recruited from patients at a hospital dental clinic in Lagos, Nigeria. A questionnaire was administered having sociodemographic section and the English version of the standardized questionnaire measuring the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDAQ). The participants were assessed clinically and categorized into four malocclusion severity levels based on their Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) scores. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the sample’s sociodemographic characteristics as well as the mean PIDAQ and DAI scores. Bivariate analysis (ANOVA) was used to investigate the impact of the DAI scores on the mean PIDAQ scores. The interrelation among DAI and PIDAQ was analyzed using correlation analysis. The mean PIDAQ score was 42.5 ± 11.0. Severity of malocclusion as measured by DAI had no significant effect on psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. The total PIDAQ score and its subscales showed no significant differences (p &gt; 0.05) by age, gender, and academic level. Malocclusion severity has no significant linear relationship with the psychosocial impact of malocclusion.

Use of the sociodental approach in estimating orthodontic treatment needs in adolescent patients.

The sociodental model integrates clinical assessment, perceived impacts of malocclusion on quality of life, and behavioural propensity when prioritising orthodontic treatment. This study compares the effect of using different instruments to measure impact-related need on the assessment of orthodontic treatment need based on the sociodental framework. In this cross-sectional study, 206 Malaysian adolescents (age: 11-18 years) were screened in orthodontic clinics to identify those with normative need, oral impacts due to malocclusion, and having high and medium-to-high behavioural propensities. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need classified normative need. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDA) questionnaire and the Condition-Specific Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (CS-OIDP) index measured oral impacts. Subjects' behavioural propensities for successful treatment outcome were based on the Basic Periodontal Examination and International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Data were analysed using the McNemar test. The response rate was 99.0%. Estimates of normative need (89.7%) were significantly reduced under the sociodental model by 65.7% (p < 0.0001) when impact-related need was measured using PIDA, and by 41.7% (p < 0.0001) when measured using CS-OIDP. The difference between the results of the two instruments in proportions of identified need for orthodontic treatment was 24.0% (p < 0.0001). For Malaysian adolescents, estimates of need for orthodontic treatment when assessed with the sociodental approach were substantially lower than normative clinical assessment and depended highly on the tools selected to assess the patient's impact-related need. Health policy makers should understand the implication of adopting one instrument or the other when estimating orthodontic treatment need.

Impacts of Self Perceived Malocclusion on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Young Adults.

Self-awareness of poorly arranged teeth can influence the quality of life. This study aimed to report the impacts of self-perceived malocclusion in young adults and the association between demographic characteristics and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). In this cross-sectional study, six-hundred-forty-three subjects from Selangor, Malaysia selected using a multistage sampling technique answered the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDA) questionnaire and self-rated their dental appearance using the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Data were analyzed using multifactorial ANOVA to identify the association between demographic characteristics and total PIDA score. Five-hundred-twenty-four subjects (81.5%) completed the questionnaires. Overall, 87.8% had impacts on their OHRQoL. Psychological impact was the most impacted domain (75.8%), followed by dental self-confidence (59.4%), social impact (48.9%) and aesthetic concern (22.1%). 16.8% reported significant impacts on all domains. Their mean PIDA score was 36.3 (SD 17.1). Prevalence, extent and severity of impacts were higher amongst those with self-perceived malocclusion. Gender, ethnicity, and self-perceived malocclusion status were associated with PIDA score (p < 0.05). Sub-urban and rural females had significantly higher PIDA scores than sub-urban and rural males. In conclusion, majority of Malaysian young adults especially those with self-perceived malocclusion were impacted by their dental aesthetics.

Orofacial Esthetic Scale and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire: development and psychometric properties of the Finnish version

Objective To develop the Finnish version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES-Fi) and the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ-Fi) and estimate the psychometric properties of these instruments applied to adult Finns. Methods The English versions of the instruments were translated into Finnish and back-translated. Thereafter, OES-Fi and PIDAQ-Fi were established in a pilot study. The factorial validity was estimated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFI, TLI, SRMR) in independent samples (Test and Validation samples). The measurement invariance of the factorial models was tested using multigroup analysis (ΔCFI). Convergent validity [Average Variance Extracted (AVE)] and reliability [Composite Reliability (CR) and α] were estimated. Results A total of 3636 individuals [mean age = 32.0 (SD = 11.6) years, 75% women] participated in the study. After refinements, the factorial model of the instruments showed an adequate fit to the data (CFI ≥0.94, TLI ≥0.90, SRMR ≤0.07) and showed measurement invariance in two independent samples (|ΔCFI| <0.01). Convergent validity (AVE = 0.54–0.82) and reliability (α = 0.86–0.94) were adequate. Conclusion The data obtained using OES-Fi and PIDAQ-Fi were valid and reliable. Thus, these instruments could be useful for evaluating individual satisfaction with orofacial appearance and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in a clinical or research setting.

Modelling risk factors for high/low Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) in the Australian adults.

Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an instrument to assess the subjective perception needed for orthodontic treatment (OT). The study aimed to (1) evaluate the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and the potential role of OT and (2) determine associations between PIDAQ with self-rated general and oral health, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL), and receipt of OT among Australian adults. Data were obtained from the 2013 Australian National Dental Telephone Interview Survey (NDTIS). The PIDAQ was utilized as main outcome, comprising items from four conceptual domains: self-confidence, social impact, psychological impact, and aesthetic concern. Participants reported their socio-demographic, behavioural, self-rated general and oral health as well as the poor OHRQOL using the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) instrument and OT. The mean of PIDAQ and four subscales score and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Generalized liner regression was used to estimate association between PIDAQ and covariates by calculating the mean ratio (MR) and their 95% CI. There were 2936 Australian adults who completed the PIDAQ items. The mean PIDAQ score was 28.8 (95% CI: 28.0-29.6). Higher PIDAQ scores were identified among those who reported non-Australian birth, lower incomes, infrequent dental visits, less than 21 teeth and brushing teeth less than twice a day, fair/poor self-rated general and oral health, and poor OHRQOL. In multivariable modelling, the mean PIDAQ score was 1.91 (95% CI: 1.82-2.00) times higher among those with OIDP score >3 and 1.06 (95% CI:1.01-1.10) times higher in those who had OT, comparing with their counterparts. Also, higher PIDAQ scores were identified among females, last visiting a dentist more than 2 years ago, fair or poor self-rated oral and general health. Higher PIDAQ scores that have a greater impact on OHRQOL were associated with poorer self-rated general and oral health. This may be explained by unfavourable dental attendance and oral health habits. The positive correlation with OIDP scores verifies the validity of the PIDAQ. Those who had received OT had lower PIDAQ and OIDP scores.

Part II. What drives Korean adults to seek orthodontic treatment: Factors contributing to orthodontic treatment decisions.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the perceptions of orthodontic treatment among Korean adults and determine the factors that drive them to seek orthodontic treatment.MethodsA total of 2,321 adults aged 19–64 years were surveyed using an internet research system from a specialized research company. The participants were divided into the following groups based on their experience of and willingness to undergo orthodontic treatment experience, acceptance, and non-acceptance groups. The characteristics of the participants were compared using analysis of variance with post-hoc analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed in all three models with the non-acceptance group as a reference.ResultsIn terms of demographic characteristics, age, gender, marital status, and education had significant influences on orthodontic treatment decisions in adults in the experience and acceptance groups (p < 0.001). When all the factors were analyzed, age, marital status, past dental treatment experience, regular oral examinations, demand for orthodontic treatment, optimal treatment period, health insurance coverage, information on orthodontic treatments, perceptions regarding orthodontic treatment, and psychosocial impact of dental esthetics significantly influenced orthodontic treatment decisions in adults in the experience and acceptance groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that various factors influence orthodontic treatment decisions in adults. Individuals who seek orthodontic treatment were found to undergo more regular dental treatment and oral examination than those who did not. They also had a better perception of orthodontic treatment and more negative values for the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics.

Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics on dental patients

This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of demographic and clinical characteristics on the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics of dental patients. The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was assessed by the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Data validity was estimated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed using standardised Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α). A structural model was developed to assess the contribution of demographic and clinical characteristics to the results. The fit of the model was evaluated and the z test (α=5%) was used to estimate the significance of the contributions (β). A total of 505 dental patients (80% female; age: 36.3,SD =11.4) participated in the study. Data showed adequate validity (CFA: χ2 /df=3.3, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI]=0.92, comparative fit index [CFI]=0.92 and root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=0.07) and reliability (α=0.77-0.92). The fit of the structural model was adequate (χ2 /df=2.8, TLI=0.89, CFI=0.91, RMSEA=0.06). People of a lower economic level, with incomplete dentition, who did not undergo previous aesthetic dental treatment, and who did not like their own smile showed greater psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. Demographic and clinical characteristics should be considered in the evaluation of the impact of dental aesthetics on individuals'. Moreover, PIDAQ is an alternative tool for clinical evaluation of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics because it provides valid and reliable data.

Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics among Secondary School Students in Birnin Kebbi, Northern Nigeria: Population-Based Study

Introduction: Dental aesthetics is a major determinant of good psychosocial well-being. Individuals with good dental aesthetic appearance tend to enjoy better social interactions and quality of life than those with poor dental aesthetic appearance. This study aims to assess the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among secondary school students in Birnin Kebbi metropolis, Kebbi State, Northern Nigeria.&#x0D; &#x0D; Material and Methods: This study was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of 692 students attending Army Day Boys Secondary School (ADBSS) and Army Day Girls Secondary School (ADGSS), Birnin Kebbi. Data collected was analysed using SPSS version 20 software.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The majority (75.4%) of the 692 respondents were within the age range of 15 – 19 years of age, 50.7% were in SS 1 class, and 53.7% were females. The majority (&gt;82%) of the respondents were confident about the appearance of their dentition, roughly half of the respondents were negatively impacted, socially, by the appearance of their dentition. There exists a statistically significant relationship between respondents' gender and: psychosocial self-perception of their dental aesthetics (p-values&lt;0.05); and concerns about their dental aesthetics (p-values&lt;0.05).&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: This study concluded that many of the surveyed northern Nigeria secondary school students were not convenient with their current dental aesthetic appearances. Appropriate counselling, public health, and clinical intervention programmes may go a very long way in minimizing the negative impact of dental aesthetics-associated psychosocial problems among this population group