Psychopathology Research Articles

Atravesando el fantasma del velo político de la política

Este trabajo quiere mostrar que en la política tras un lapsus no hay ningún error, y que este lapsus tampoco obedece al orden freudiano de la psicopatología de la vida cotidiana. El decir repetitivo de la política en forma de lapsus no es más que una verdad que se quiere velar. Así funciona la política en la actualidad: no se oculta la verdad tras un velo, sino que ella misma actúa como velo de la verdad. Cuando en la política se anuncia un error en forma de lapsus, se siembra una duda y se vela una verdad. Detrás del equívoco de un decir en la política no hay un significado oculto, no hay lapsus, no hay error. Lo que emerge es una verdad que no se admite abiertamente, y su forma de velo es la única manera en que la política es aceptada por muchos: velando desde una ilusión fantasmática lo insoportable de lo político.

Psychopathology, phenomenology and affordances

Psychopathology, phenomenology and affordances

Watsuji, Intentionality, and Psychopathology

Watsuji, Intentionality, and Psychopathology

De Haan on Sense-Making and Psychopathology

De Haan on Sense-Making and Psychopathology

CONSEQUENCES OF CHRONIC INTRA-FAMILY ABUSE IN CHILDHOOD: DEVELOPMENTAL TRAUMA

espanolLos traumas tempranos y repetidos en el contexto de las relaciones de apego impactan de una manera dramatica en el desarrollo de los ninos/as, generando una diversidad de manifestaciones psicopatologicas complejas, que se incluyen en la ultima version de la Clasificacion Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11) como un diagnostico nuevo denominado Trastorno por Estres Postraumatico Complejo (TEPT-C). Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron, por un lado, ofrecer una revision de la sintomatologia postraumatica que se desarrolla por la exposicion a estos eventos traumaticos, y, por otro, recapitular la evidencia empirica existente del TEPT-C o Trastorno Traumatico del Desarrollo (TTD). Los resultados de los estudios revisados confirman la presencia de sintomas extensos y heterogeneos, asi como graves alteraciones en la autorregulacion (afectiva, cognitiva y conductual), que se ajustan a un TEPT Complejo o TTD, por lo que los datos existentes apoyarian la validez de dichos diagnosticos. EnglishRepeated and early attachment trauma has a huge impact on children’s development, producing a wide range of psychopathology, which is included as a new diagnosis called complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) in the 11th revision to the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). The aim of this study is to provide a review of the posttraumatic symptomatology caused by exposure to complex traumatic events and to summarize the existing empirical evidence on CPTSD and developmental trauma disorder (DTD). The results of the reviewed studies confirm the presence of extensive and heterogeneous symptoms, as well as serious affective, cognitive, and behavioral self-regulation alterations, which correspond to complex PTSD or DTD. Therefore, the current data support the validity of these diagnostic proposals

主観主義的精神病理学:自己と世界と幻覚・妄想

主観主義的精神病理学:自己と世界と幻覚・妄想

Different Types of Maltreatment in Childhood, Different Emotional Responses in Adolescence

Childhood maltreatment and other adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, psychopathology, and

The feminization of psychopathology or the psychopathologization of the feminine? Discursive constructions of vulnerable bodies

En este articulo revisamos el rol de las disciplinas psicologicas en la patologizacion e hipercorporizacion del funcionamiento intersubjetivo de las mujeres y de las variantes sexo-genericas no normativas. Para ello, exploramos las relaciones entre algunas categorias diagnosticas con prevalencia femenina y la construccion socio-cientifica de las mujeres como psicologicamente vulnerables; la suficiencia explicativa atribuida a la biologia para interpretar y justificar desigualdades y subordinaciones por razon de genero; los efectos de individualizacion, esencializacion y universalizacion de malestares relacionales, asi como las penalizaciones disciplinares que recaen, en general, sobre los cuerpos y formas de vida no masculinas y no heterosexuales. Lo anterior, a traves del analisis discursivo de varios fragmentos obtenidos de entrevistas con profesionales de la salud mental, a traves de los cuales damos visibilidad a la construccion de jerarquias de funcionamiento subjetivo por razon de genero.

Impact of personal rehabilitation treatment on life quality and curative effect of schizophrenia patients

Objective To explore the impact of the personal rehabilitation treatment on life quality and curative offect of the schizophrenia patients. Methods A total of 84 patients with chronic schizophrenia in Shanxi Rongjun Corelle Hospital from December 2016 January 2018 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group on the basis of random number table, the two groups received psychiatric routine therapy nursing and general entertainment therapy, and the intervention group received 8 weeks of individualized rehabilitation therapy on this basis.The Schizophrenics Quality of Life Scale(SQLS) and Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale(PANSS) were respectively used to evaluate the effect of the two groups before and after intervention. Results After 8 weeks of systematic social skills training, the scores of negative symptoms, general psychopathology and total PANSS score in the intervention group were (14.65±3.68)points, (24.21±3.23)points, (52.83±7.12)points, respectively, which in the control group were (21.82±4.25)points, (28.08±4.56)points, (60.67±9.52)points, respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=5.18, 3.35, 3.92, all P 0.05). The PANSS scores and total score in the intervention group after intervention had statistically significant differences compared with those before intervention (t=2.17, 5.98, 3.86, 4.13, all P<0.05). After the intervention training, the psychosocial score, motivation and energy score, symptoms and adverse reactions score, and total score of SQLS in the intervention group were (32.64±7.32)points, (39.45±10.87)points, (18.16±10.48)points, (90.34±24.17)points, which in the control group were (35.32±10.64)points, (43.82±12.43)points, (21.05±11.52)points, (98.25±32.29)points, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=2.46, 3.51, 3.12, 3.96, all P<0.05). The SQLS scores and total score in the intervention group after intervention had statistically significant differences compared with those before intervention(t=3.94, 4.72, 3.87, 5.01, all P<0.01). Conclusion The personal rehabilitation treatment can greatly promote the curative offect of patients with chronic schizophrenia, improve their life qualities. Key words: Rehabilitation; Schizophrenia; Quality of life; Treatment outcome; Mentally disabled persons

The Continuum between Normal and Pathological in Psychopathology

Georges Canguilhem, dans son essai sur Le normal et le pathologique , s’était livré à une fervente critique du principe de Broussais selon lequel le pathologique reviendrait à une modification concevable en termes purement quantitatifs de l’état normal. Sa théorisation d’une approche qualitative de l’être-malade, bien que dépourvue de référence explicite à la psychanalyse, est néanmoins riche de liens possibles avec la psychopathologie freudienne. Après avoir tenté d’interroger la métapsychologie du normal et du pathologique relativement à la problématique d’un continuum possible qui ne se réduise pas à une appréhension uniquement quantitative des processus psychopathologiques, nous étudierons quels remaniements les découvertes récentes des neurosciences ont induits au sujet de la problématique du qualitatif et du quantitatif en psychopathologie. Si les avancées de la génétique et de la neurobiologie ont pu mettre en avant une dérégulation du système dopaminergique dans la schizophrénie, réintroduisant ainsi une mesure quantitative là où, pour Canguilhem, la psychopathologie était dépourvue de tout critère mesurable et objectif, nous pourrons étudier comment les travaux sur la plasticité neuronale ouverts par le prix Nobel de médecine Eric Kandel permettent de réintroduire une problématique d’ordre qualitative dans ces perspectives.

Psychopathological characteristics and its influencing factors in families of presbycusis patients

Objective To investigate the psychopathological characteristics in families of presbycusis patients and its influencing factors. Methods The psychopathological characteristics were evaluated with the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90) Chinese version in 157 families of presbycusis patients(FPP) in the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from July 2015 to July 2017.Somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism and other were assessed and compared with the Chinese standard norm.The correlation between SCL-90 and related data had also been analyzed.The general information and clinical data of patients were analyzed. Results The SCL-90 score in the FPP group was (146.3±42.8)points.The total score and total average score of SCL-90 had statistically significant difference between the FPP group and the Chinese standard group(t=14.557, 14.765, all P<0.05). The scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and anxiety factors in the FPP group were higher than those in the Chinese standard group(t=5.417, 13.588, 20.857, 22.475, all P<0.05). Age, sleeping condition, educational level, hearing aids and the level of patients' hearing loss were correlated with the total score of SCL-90(TSCL-90) in FPP(all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age(t=2.550, P<0.000), the educational level(t=4.087, P<0.000), and the level of patients' hearing loss(t=2.188, P<0.05) were positively correlated with TSCL-90, and sleeping condition(t=-2.004, P<0.05) and hearing aids(t=-4.643, P<0.05) were negatively associated with TSCL-90. Conclusion The psychopathological characteristics are generally poor in families with presbycusis patients, accompanied by obvious depression and anxiety; and age, sleeping condition, educational level, hearing aids and the level of patients' hearing loss are important influencing factors.It is important to pay attention to overall health in families with presbycusis patients. Key words: Presbycusis; Elderly; Family relations; Mental health; Depression; Anxiety; Factors analysis, statistical

Клинико-психопатологическая дифференциация эндогенных маниакально-парафренных состояний

Клинико-психопатологическая дифференциация эндогенных маниакально-парафренных состояний

Hypotheses About the Relationship of Cognition With Psychopathology Should be Tested by Embedding Them Into Empirical Priors.

Hypotheses About the Relationship of Cognition With Psychopathology Should be Tested by Embedding Them Into Empirical Priors.

Comparison of the efficacy of sertraline combined with risperidone or quetiapine in the treatment of schizophrenia

Objective To compare the efficacy of sertraline hydrochloride combined with risperidone or quetiapine in the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods Eighty-six patients with schizophrenia in Ningbo Psychiatric Hospital were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the order of admission.The observation group was treated with sertraline hydrochloride combined with quetiapine, and the control group was treated with sertraline hydrochloride combined with risperidone.The clinical symptoms score, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results Before treatment, the negative symptoms, positive symptoms, psychopathology, total score between the two groups had no statistically significant differences(all P>0.05). After treatment, the negative symptoms, positive symptoms, psychopathology and total scores of the observation group were (13.43±1.27)points, (11.26±1.05)points, (13.54±1.84)points and(46.48±4.52)points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the control group[(16.87±1.98)points, (15.48±1.63)points, (18.35±2.04)points, (58.25±5.76)points](t=9.590, 14.272, 11.481, 10.541, all P 0.05). Conclusion Sertraline hydrochloride combined with quetiapine in the treatment of schizophrenia can improve the clinical symptoms of patients, the clinical efficacy is good, with mild adverse reactions. Key words: Schizophrenia; Risperidone; Quetiapine

Posttraumatic Nightmare Content in Children and its Relation to Posttraumatic Psychopathology

In adult populations, the more similar a posttraumatic nightmare is to a precipitating traumatic event, i.e., the replicativeness of the nightmare, the more distress one experiences, and the greater the frequency and severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms. Posttraumatic nightmare content in children and its relation to posttraumatic psychopathology remains unclear. Nightmare content and trauma-related themes within children’s posttraumatic nightmares remains relatively unexplored. Trauma-exposed children (n = 17) aged 5-17 years-old provided a posttraumatic nightmare narrative and answered questions about the replicativeness of their posttraumatic nightmare. Nightmare content and trauma-related themes were coded. Two one-way ANOVAs examined posttraumatic nightmare replicativeness to levels of posttraumatic stress and to nightmare distress. Findings showed that in children, posttraumatic nightmare replicativeness was associated with posttraumatic stress but not nightmare distress. The most common trauma-related themes in posttraumatic nightmares were safety and power/control. Girls’ nightmares more often contained pursuit and perceived threat whereas boys’ nightmares more often involved aggression. Our study is the first to examine trauma-related themes and qualitative aspects of posttraumatic nightmares in children with a variety of traumas. Future studies should examine gender differences and trauma-related themes, as these may have implications for our understanding and treatment of nightmares in children.

Violenza organizzata e appartenenza religiosa. Il caso dell’Isis

SOMMARIO: 1. La religione c’entra? Una premessa culturalista - 2. La violenza organizzata nel mondo e la centralita della guerra siriana - 3. L’ISIS: dall’Iraq alla Siria e recenti sviluppi - 4. Potere o religione? - 5. Chi sono i militanti jihadisti occidentali - 6. Attratti dall’ISIS - 7. Conclusioni. Organized violence and religious affiliation: the case of Isis ABSTRACT: This paper seeks to address the crucial issue of organized violence from a cultural perspective analyzing the case of ISIS, tipically considered as religious group. It intends to elaborate some of the key questions of the debate on the links between religion and violence. The religious nature of ISIS will be disputed throughout its birth and expansion during the U.S. invasion of Iraq and the Syrian conflict: more specifically, the paper aims to shed some lights on the grounds underlying the decision of western foreign fighters and Jihadists to join with or refer to a group of fanatics fighting in the faraway land of Syria. The research methodology is based on an interactionist approach on violence in order to avoid focusing on psychopathological (‘they are violent because they are mad’) or ethical-religious aspects (‘they are violent because they are driven by a bad religion’): on the contrary this paper aims to investigate Jihadist violence in its relational and symbolic aspects, as part of a socio-cultural way of life. In the end, the impact of this approach on possible prevention programs will be touched on briefly.

ASD and Associated Psychopathology: An Update on Screening, Diagnosis, and Management

ASD and Associated Psychopathology: An Update on Screening, Diagnosis, and Management

The dialectic of quantity and quality in psychopathology.

The dialectic of quantity and quality in psychopathology.

Sentimento mistico e melanconia: due casi di visione aspettuale

The aim of this paper is to propose a comparison between the mystical feeling, as it is defined by Ludwig Wittgenstein in the Tractatus logico-philosophicus , and the psycho-pathological state of melancholy, posed in relation with mourning by Sigmund Freud. The comparison will depart from the radical dissatisfaction that seems to be a distinctive characteristic of both phenomena. According to Wittgenstein in fact the drive to mystical feeling rises from the deep dissatisfaction regarding the explanations given by science, which is incapable of producing any answer to the «problem of life». In a similar way, Slavoj Žižek underlines that melancholy is a form of «disappointment at all positive, observable objects, none of which can satisfy our desire». In this perspective, I will check the similarities and differences between mystical feeling and melancholy and I will put in relation the double profile of this latter (manic depression) with the Wittgensteinian theme of aspect seeing («seeing-as»).

Neurodevelopmental outcomes and prenatal exposure to marijuana.

BACKGROUND: Increased use of marijuana in pregnancy (3.9% in 2014 compared with 2.4% in 2002 in a recent self-reported survey) is a significant problem and poses potential health risks for the developing fetus. Studies have shown that the fetal endocannabinoid receptor system may be vulnerable to intrauterine exposure to THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) and may produce long-term consequences on behavior and psychopathology in children. There are, however, limited studies evaluating the impact of prenatal marijuana use …