Psychology Of Violence Research Articles

Psychology of Violence:ِ A Close Reading of the Suffering Experience Imposed on African-American Women and Children

Psychology of Violence:ِ A Close Reading of the Suffering Experience Imposed on African-American Women and Children

Challenges to an Individualized Approach Toward Batterers Intervention Programs in the Context of Coordinated Community Response to the Intimate Partner Violence in Lithuania.

Although batterers' intervention programs (BIPs) constitute an important part of the coordinated response to intimate partner violence (IPV) and contribute to increasing the perpetrators' accountability and keeping victims safe, the effectiveness of these programs is still debated. Only recently has the focus of these debates shifted away from researching outcomes by measuring overall program effectiveness toward specific qualities of interventions across program models that may be effective for the distinct client (Babcock et al., Clinical Psychology Review, 23(8), 1023-1053, 2004; Zarling et al., Psychology of Violence, 9(3), 257-266, 2019). The discussion on the practical implementation of BIPs was supplemented by various significant concepts emerging from new empirical findings, such as differential treatment, motivational interviewing, and effective facilitator-client alliances (Hamel et al., Partner Abuse, 11(4), 387-414, 2020; Holtrop et al., Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(8), 1267-1290, 2017). This paper aimed to address some of the abovementioned concepts by identifying challenges that arise during the implementation of BIPs in Lithuania. Using qualitative data from semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with BIPs facilitators, BIPs attendees, and various stakeholders, the paper discusses how to contribute to more effective BIPs outcomes. According to this study, the process of implementing BIPs in Lithuania should be systematized by incorporating existing instruments, such as motivational interviewing, risk-based assessment, and differential treatment, evidence-based programs focused on different theoretical approaches, and forms of implementation. The study found that the consistency and integrity of the entire BIP implementation process should be prioritized, and institutional cooperation in Lithuania needs to be improved to achieve a successful coordinated response to intimate partner violence.

Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Movers Scale in a French-Canadian Population

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study that draws upon a collaborative research strategy and has two main objectives: 1) Translating and adapting into French the Measure of Victim Empowerment Related to Safety (MOVERS scale) (Goodman et al. Psychology of Violence, 5(4), 355-366, 2015a); 2) Validating the French version of the MOVERS scale in a population of French-Canadian women receiving shelter services. The French-Canadian MOVERS (FCM) was administered to 189 women receiving shelter services in the province of Quebec (Canada). The factorial structure, reliability and validity of the FCM were tested. This paper highlights that the FCM replicates the three dimensions found in the original version (Goodman et al. Psychology of Violence, 5(4), 355-366, 2015a), displays significant correlations with measures of depression, anxiety and stress, self-esteem, perceived social support, satisfaction with life and self-efficacy, and has overall good reliability estimates. The FCM is a valid and reliable scale to assess safety-related empowerment among women receiving shelter services. Furthermore, the scale provides interesting opportunities to shelter workers, which will be discussed in the paper.

The Social Psychology of Violence on Children in an Urban School in Jamaica

Therefore this study will concentrate on finding out how children who have experienced violence actually perform academically. The participants will be drawn from among fourth and fifth graders in a Jamaican primary school in an urban area. It is hope that this study will provide some insight for school administrators and stakeholders of the various strategies to which they can employ in correcting violence at school and changing the low academic performance of children who are exposed to violence in their communities.

Seven correlations between interpersonal violence and the progression of organised religion

While the majority of organised religions determine the origins of religion itself in an act of divine revelation, social science literature takes an evolutionary perspective. Without engaging the question of origin of religion from either perspective, this article proposes seven correlations between interpersonal violence and the progression of organised religion by suggesting that interpersonal violence plays a significant role in the institutionalising process of organised religion. Although interpersonal violence does not necessarily cause the structuring of faith, it reinforces and provides solutions to the existing patterns of threat faced by the community, which together lead to the organisation of religion. The first part of this article (stages 1–4) surveys the psychology of violence by focusing on the theories of frustration–aggression, mimetic rivalry, triangulation and the genesis of scapegoating and guilt. The second part (stages 5–6) marks the transition from personal to social psychology and surveys violence in the primitive religion, as manifested in the ritualising process of the scapegoat, and the genesis of sacrifice. The third part (stage 7) highlights the complexity of ritual, ethics and doctrine, in the evolution of religion from a primitive state to an advanced organised institution.

Philosophy of War and Peace: Anthropocentric Dichotomy of Love/Humanity as Motivation of Heroism (Based on “Letters to a German Friend” by Albert Camus)

The article considers the humanistic anthropocentric position of the French writer and philosopher A. Camus in his “Letters to a German Friend” (1943–1944). During the World War II the writer experienced a real existential drama of conscience caused by situation in the occupied France. The country experienced horror and humiliation of temporary occupation and managed to turn its defeat into victory. Fascism in the eyes of the prominent humanist writer and philosopher of France is revealed in the context of the philosophy of war/peace. This context is specified by a number of statements, such as love/hate, violence/nonviolence, etc. ‘Disturbed Conscience’ of A. Camus, in spite of patriotic reasons, sought intercourse between different pairs of opposition: strength/weakness, heroism/cowardice, etc. The oppositions we/you, our/your appeal to such concepts as the price of sacrifice, the price of loss, the price of victory.
 The monological epistolary genre allows showing the psychological and moral reality of the war, with possible shifts in time and appeal to the Other. A. Camus strengthens the existential problem, the core of which is the opposition “Me – Other” (according to M. Buber and E. Levinas) and “Me like the Other» (P. Ricker). In fact, he initiates a new ontological and linguistic reality embedded in the paradigm of a new/other discourse of war. The binary oppositions similar/unrelated, friend/foe, one’s own/alien, hero/traitor, winner/ defeated are being demounted in the field of psychology of violence reflected by the author within the psychology of nonviolence. At the same time, the basic oppositional pair patriot/collaborator is integrated into a complex system of psychological controversies being the ground of Camus’ psychology of nonviolence. The writer expands a number of oppositional concepts adding the dichotomy of ‘two Europes’. He anthropologizes the considered problems to the highest extent, placing a man with the whole complex of human values in the center of his ‘arguments of conscience’.

Book Review: Violent men: An inquiry into the psychology of violence

Book Review: Violent men: An inquiry into the psychology of violence

Erika Bowen and Kate Walker: The Psychology of Violence in Adolescent Romantic Relationships

Erika Bowen and Kate Walker: The Psychology of Violence in Adolescent Romantic Relationships

Women’s experiences of domestic violence and mental health: Findings from a European empowerment project.

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of the following article: Michele Lloyd, Shula Ramon, Athina Vakalopoulou, Petra Videmsěk, Caroline Meffan, Joanna Roszczynska-Michta, and Luca Rolle, ‘Women’s Experiences of Domestic Violence and Mental Health: Findings From a European Empowerment Project’, Psychology of Violence, Vol. 7 (3): 478-487, July 2017. The final, definitive version is available online at DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/vio0000111. Published by the American Psychological Association.

Erica Bowen and Kate Walker: The Psychology of Violence in Adolescent Romantic Relationships

Erica Bowen and Kate Walker: The Psychology of Violence in Adolescent Romantic Relationships

Erica Bowen and Kate Walker: The Psychology of Violence in Adolescent Romantic Relationships

Erica Bowen and Kate Walker: The Psychology of Violence in Adolescent Romantic Relationships

Causes and cures III: The psychology of violence

Abstract The past 2 years have been a landmark moment for violence prevention, with the publication of The Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014 , a historic resolution on violence by the 67th World Health Assembly, and the release of multiple documents on violence by international and United Nations entities, with a corresponding building of momentum in scholarship. Most notably, in September 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development , addressing the need for violence prevention at an unprecedented scale. In this context, more than ever, violence studies have become a field of its own right. Still, a systematic approach to the topic is lacking, and no textbook yet synthesizes the knowledge of multiple disciplines toward a cogent understanding. This article is the third of a series that will cover an outline for summarizing the major bio-psycho-social and structural–environmental perspectives on violence. It discusses the complexity of the mind that can give rise to paradoxes and hidden perceptions and how psychology can elucidate them, especially with respect to human violence. It criticizes psychology's reductionism into neuroscience or behaviorism, or the useful but surface interpretations of cognitivism, while highlighting the strengths of psychodynamic theory in dealing with the depths of emotional life. While limiting the scope to intrapsychic events can be a drawback, these dynamics can help explain clinical features of trauma and resilience and how these can predispose or protect from violence.

Does Doing Media Violence Research Make One Aggressive?

Does Doing Media Violence Research Make One Aggressive?

Expellees Tell Tales: <em>Partisan Blood Drinkers and the Cultural History of Violence after World War II</em>

This article examines stories told after 1945 by ethnic German refugees from the Banat region of Yugoslavia about encounters they had with Partisans—fighters in Josip Broz Tito’s army—who had become vampires. The essay situates these tales firmly within their place of origin and views them as an idiom through which Yugoslavian Germans described wartime acts of, encounters with, and anxieties about violence. This idiom had diverse cultural roots, and was inflected by memories of partisan warfare in World War I, as well as by gender, religious culture and local folklore surrounding blood. Through a contextualized reading of stories about blood-drinking Partisans, the essay offers a window onto a psychology of violence and its legacies in the wake of war and makes a plea for taking fantasy and the monstrous seriously as objects of historical analysis.

Announcing the launch of Psychology of Violence.

Through the efforts of Gary VandenBos and Alan Kazdin, Psychology of Violence has become a major feature of APA’s increased focus on the problem of violence. The journal became a key component of Alan Kazdin’s 2008 presidential initiative to increase the visibility of work on violence at APA and to better integrate the many existing efforts to address different forms of violence. Psychology of Violence is only one of several components of this initiative, which also included two summits on interpersonal violence that were cosponsored by APA. How will Psychology of Violence complement these efforts? Psychology of Violence will expand the opportunities to disseminate cutting edge research and scholarship on violence among members of APA and the wider global society. Psychology of Violence will focus on the causes of violence from a psychological framework, finding ways to prevent or reduce violence, and developing practical interventions and treatments. Our first issue of original content is scheduled for January 2011. We hope to engage your attention again then. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

The Psychology of Violence and Peace

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Farmers, herders, and fishers: The ecology of revenge

Culture of honor (COH) theory [Nisbett, R. E., & Cohen, D. (1996). Culture of honor: The psychology of violence in the south. Boulder, CO: Westview Press] predicts that the importance of upholding one's reputation is cross-culturally variable: Revenge should be more prevalent in herding societies than in farming societies, and should be entirely absent in foraging societies. This study was designed to replicate the effects that they found among herding and farming societies and to either support or refute the claim regarding foraging societies. Using a 32-item questionnaire measuring the constructs of Reciprocity and Revenge, this study cross-culturally validates Nisbett and Cohen's COH theory and extends it to fishers, a special kind of forager. Researchers sampled two herding communities (Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, and Liberia, Guanacaste, Costa Rica), two farming communities (Mexico City, Mexico, and San Jose, Costa Rica), and two fishing communities (La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, and Puntarenas, Costa Rica.) The differences between the herding and farming samples replicated previous findings in that herders were higher on the Revenge scale than farmers. The fisher samples approximate the herder samples on the Revenge scale more than the farmer samples, but were significantly different from each other. Discrepancies between the fisher samples called for the investigation of alternative theories.

Making Sociological Sense Out of Trends in Intimate Partnera Violence

Despite evidence of a cultural shift in orientations toward violence, the problem of violence against women persists across a range of different societies. The preoccupation with the psychology of violence and the focus on cultural orientations obscure the more salient features of social life that promote violence: the structure of interpersonal relationships. The exploration of sociodemographic correlates and the search for “risk factors” of intimate partner violence have overshadowed the inclusion of a distinct set of social structural characteristics that are conducive to domestic violence. The current article draws on comparative research and Donald Black’s theoretical approach to argue that key factors include (a) the degree of social isolation, (b) interdependence of support networks, (c) inequality, (d) relational distance, (e) centralization of authority, and (f) exposure to violent networks. The weak explanatory power of previous research can be improved by developing measures to evaluate an integrated structural model of violence against women.

BOOK REVIEWS

Irene Bloom, J. Paul Martin, and Wayne L. Proudfoot (eds.), Religious Diversity and Human RightsScott D. Sagan, The Limits of Safety: Organizations, Accidents, and Nuclear WeaponsDiane Vaughan, The Challenger Launch Decision: Risky Technology, Culture, and Deviance at NASAMichael Delli Carpini and Scott Keeter, What Americans Know About Politics and Why It MattersRichard Nisbett and Dov Cohen, Culture of Hoor: The Psychology of Violence in the SouthTed Benton (ed.), The Greening of MarxismNeil J. Kressel, Mass Hate: The Global Rise of Genocide & TerrorKristen Renwick Monroe, The Heart of Altruism: Perceptions of a Common HumanityStanley A. Renshon, The Psychological Assessment of Presidential CandidatesOle R. Holsti, Public Opinion and American Foreign PolicyBernice Lott and Diane Maluso (eds.), The Social Psychology of Interpersonal DiscriminationMilton Lodge and Kathleen M. McGraw (eds.), Political Judgment: Structure and ProcessV. M. Bekhterev, Collective Reflexoloby, Part IJames T. Tedeschi and Richard B. Felson, Violence, Aggression, and Coercive Actions

A Jungian Analysis of the “Shock Jock” Howard Stern: A Case for the Psychology of Violence

A Jungian Analysis of the “Shock Jock” Howard Stern: A Case for the Psychology of Violence