Psychology In Japan Research Articles

スポーツ集団を対象とした集合的効力感研究の現状と今後の展望：パフォーマンスとの関連性ならびに分析方法に着目して

A study was conducted to obtain a perspective on the future directions of studies focusing on collective efficacy in Japan, including pertinent analytical methods, from three different viewpoints. First, preceding studies of sports groups in Europe and the USA were extensively reviewed, focusing on collective efficacy. This revealed that such studies had centered on group cohesion. It was also found that studies focusing on collective efficacy had tended to increase in recent years. Second, empirical studies of sports groups with respect to collective efficacy were reviewed, focusing particularly on its relationship with performance. Consequently, it was noted that, in general, collective efficacy was positively correlated with performance. Third, multilevel analysis of collective efficacy was examined to estimate its future applicability to sports psychology in Japan. Finally, we identified the areas on which future collective efficacy studies of sports groups in Japan should be based, as few studies in this area have been conducted.

Current development of counseling and psychological services in Japan

This article provides a brief history and overview of the development of clinical psychology and counseling psychology in Japan and describes the current development of counseling and psychological services in Japan. Clinical psychologists are the largest group of mental health professionals providing counseling and psychological services along with, to a lesser degree, counseling psychologists. The major focus of this article is on clinical psychology and how clinical psychologists provide counseling and psychological services in Japan.

Development of comparative psychology in Japan: 1900-1949

After evaluating the history of comparative or animal psychology in Japan, a development over the past 150 years, four distinct generations of comparative psychologists can be discerned in terms of their active involvement in the field. The zero generation, spanning the second half of the 19th century, was marked by the import of Darwinian evolutionary theory, which was implemented especially through lectures by Edward S. Morse. The first generation appeared in the early 20th century, with Koreshige Masuda heralded as the foremost comparative psychologist during this time. The 1.5-generation researchers were influenced by Gestalt psychology, which had been developed in Europe. The second generation emerged after World War II with the arrival of neobehavioristic psychology. Originated in the U. S., it was studied by comparative psychologists such as C. L. Hull and B. F. Skinner, who considerably influenced Japan's post-war generation. The third generation of comparative psychologists in Japan took root in the 1980s and was characterized by studies of cognitive process. Due to space limitations, the zero and first generations are solely detailed here.

Development of peace psychology in Japan : With special focus on the activity of Division of Peace Psychology, Japanese Research Association of Psychological Science

Development of peace psychology in Japan : With special focus on the activity of Division of Peace Psychology, Japanese Research Association of Psychological Science

What Was Not Discussed: Reply to Comments

Here I respond to comments and questions raised in commentary papers (Castro and Lafuente, Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 42, 2007; Charles, Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 42, 2007; Woodward and Hetley, Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 42, 2007) and address three issues not discussed on my previous paper: (1) the historiography used in the history of Japanese psychology, (2) the first generation of Japanese women psychologists to flesh out the history of psychology in Japan, and (3) how applied psychology and psychical research existed in the early phase of psychology in Japan. Consequently, this paper, together with the previous one, provides a broader picture of the development of psychology in Japan.

Westernalization in the Mirror: On the Cultural Reception of Western Psychology

Miki Takasuna's paper on "Proliferation of Western Methodological Thought in Psychology in Japan: Ways of Objectification" offers many significant clues for reconsidering the history and unity of psychology. Its treatment of the reception of psychology in Japan hints at the relevance of the models of the subject for psychology--including the allegedly "official" psychology. The aim of this paper is to suggest such reconsideration, on the basis of a distinction between psychology-importing and psychology-exporting countries, and provide a reflection on the cultural problems of assimilation by the latter of a discipline advanced by the former. This perspective leads us to acknowledge the existence of a variety of psychological programs corresponding to the transformation and modernization of different social realities. Also, an indication is offered of several possible levels of analysis of such programs, which are seen to be related with the emergence of psychology as the science of modernity.

Proliferation of Western Methodological Thought in Psychology in Japan: Ways of Objectification

When the field of psychology was first introduced into Japan, it was based on the proliferation of Western thought, particularly experimentation and Darwinian evolutionary theory. The current Japanese word for psychology, shinrigaku, was coined by scholar Amane Nishi in the early 1870s. It originally meant "mental philosophy," not psychology. Nishi also translated "subject" and "object" into Japanese. Before that, objectivity was not a concept in Japan. And although psychological experimentation must have prompted the subject/object division, experiments did not take root in Japanese psychology until Yujiro Motora, considered the founder of Japanese psychology, established the first psychological laboratory in 1903 at the University of Tokyo. In regards to Darwinian evolutionary theory, it is likely that scholars (e.g., biologists, sociologists, politicians) more readily accepted the theory when introduced into Japanese society in the 1870s because Japanese embrace a view that maintains diffuse boundaries between humans and animals. Finally, the roles of Japanese scholars who studied abroad during of the inception of psychology in Japan are discussed.

Psychology in China and the Chinese Psychological Society

Psychology in China and the Chinese Psychological Society

A Perspective on Counseling Psychology in Japan: Toward a Lifespan Approach

Un survol de l’histoire de la psychologie du counseling au Japon amène à confronter cinq significations différentes du terme «counseling». Ces divers points de vue relatifs au counseling et à sa signification ont handicapé le développement de la psychologie du counseling. Une approche spécifiquement nippone du counseling est indispensable au développement de la professionnalisation de la discipline au Japon. On conclut l’article par une proposition de théorisation et d’approfondissement de la discipline en tant que psychologie développementale du counseling couvrant l’ensemble de la vie.A precis of counseling psychology's history in Japan leads to discussion of five different meanings for the term “counseling”. These multiple views about counseling and its meaning have hindered development of counseling psychology. An indigenous conceptualisation of counseling is required to promote the professionalisation of the discipline in Japan. A proposal for conceptualising and advancing the discipline as “lifespan developmental counseling psychology” concludes the article.

Humanistic Psychology in Japan

This article provides an overview of humanistic psychology in Japan. Its growth is traced from its prehistory up through the establishment of its own organization in 1982. Recent developments and current challenges are also highlighted. A dominant concern for Japanese humanistic psychologists has been to synthesize traditional Eastern spiritualities and modern Western rationalism.

The history of psychology in Japan

The history of psychology in Japan

Six researchers’ contributions to comparative psychology in Japan: 1900–19451

Abstract: The field of comparative psychology (also called animal psychology) in Japan, as it developed from 1900 to 1945, is reviewed. After evaluating more than 100 research papers (including short abstracts), six researchers were selected as examples of typical Japanese comparative psychologists in approximately the first half of the 20th century. The chosen researchers, K. Masuda, R. Kuroda, S. Kanda, J. G. Yoshioka, S. Takagi, and T. Takemasa, for the most part focused their research in the areas of learning and perception or basic behavioral traits, commonly known as tropism. They studied a wide variety of subjects, from invertebrates to primates, until the end of World War II, when so‐called neo‐behaviorism prevailed.

The early 20th century: Shaping the discipline of psychology in Japan1

Abstract: In this paper, we aim to describe the developing process of early Japanese psychology. This is the story of the institutionalization of psychology in Japan. We deal with the first period of Japanese psychology and trace the process of shaping the discipline of psychology in Japan. We also focus on the life and studies of Motora, who was the first psychology professor in Japan, and those of his students. In 1903, Yuzero Motora opened the first formal laboratory of psychology at Tokyo Imperial University, and in 1904, the first 2‐year course in psychology was commenced. Both the laboratory and the two‐year course could produce psychology students who studied “new” or experimental psychology. But not all the experimentation resulted in success. We also examine Fukurai's clairvoyance and thoughtgraphy experiments. Although Fukurai was one of the promising students of Motora, he gradually changed interest to parapsychology. Fukurai's adherence to these psychic phenomenon and his isolation from academic society resulted in the removal of clinical psychology from the psychology discipline in Japan.

Pioneering studies in the 1930s on perception: An historical background of experimental psychology in Japan1

Abstract: Some pioneering experimental studies on perception conducted by Japanese investigators in the 1930s are reviewed. The topics and investigators of these studies were optical illusions (Obonai, Morinaga), size constancy (Akishige, Ogasawara), apparent movement in vision and audition (Ogasawara, Yuki), time‐space interaction (Abe, Abbe), recovery from blindness (Kuroda, Akishige), and animal perception (Takagi, Kuroda). The originality in the ideas and methods of these studies compared with Western studies in that period and their influence on recent experimental psychology in Japan are discussed.

An overview of the history of psychology in Japan and the background to the development of the Japanese Psychological Association1

: This paper discusses five topics. They are as follows: 1 A brief chronological record of the Japanese Psychological Association (JPA) and its annual meetings highlighting the following events: (a) its official establishment on the April 7, 1927, and the long and arduous preparations that preceded this event; (b) the 66th annual meeting of the JPA held in September 2002 in Hiroshima City; and (c) the 75th anniversary celebrations held simultaneously from the September 25–27, 2002. 2 The background of modern Japanese psychology at its inception and the origin of the Japanese term “shinrigaku.” 3 The introduction of modern scientific psychology to Japan, its early proponents and their mentors. 4 The spread of modern Japanese psychology through the work of scholars in imperial and private universities. The influence of Dr G. S. Hall on Japanese scholars, such as Dr Yokoyama of Keio-gijiku, who attended Clark University for their PhD. 5 The organizational background of the JPA and the growth in its membership through the participation of additional imperial and private universities.

Research and practices in school psychology in Japan: Moving toward to a system of psycho-educational services

Research and practices in school psychology in Japan: Moving toward to a system of psycho-educational services

Shaping of scientific psychology in Japan

Japanese scientific psychology began with Y. Motora's lecture on pyschophysics at the University of Tokyo in 1888. He had just received his PhD under G.S. Hall at Johns Hopkins University, in the USA. He became the first professor of psychology in 1890 and founded the first psychological laboratory at the University of Tokyo in 1903. He studied many psychological problems, including attention, experimentally and theoretically. One of his first students, Matataro Matsumoto, founded the second psychological laboratory at Kyoto University and then succeeded to Motora's position in Tokyo. Matsumoto was interested in experimental studies of human performance and their applications. He trained many able psychologists and organized the Japanese Psychological Association in 1927. Some of his students founded more psychological laboratories in major universities of Japan. They introduced psychological tests, Gestalt psychology, and behaviourism in the 1920s and 1930s. Psychoanalysis was introduced through mainly nonacademic roots and became familiar to Japanese psychologists in the 1930s. After World War II, a strong influence of American psychology came to Japanese psychologists who had already trained in scientific methodology. The areas of research and applications have been greatly widened and the number of psychologists has increased rapidly up to the present day. Promotion of international interactions and indigenous traditions are both expected.

The acceptance and fixation process of modern Psychology in Japan: Discussion from the point of predecessors and Japanese private and public academic systems

The acceptance and fixation process of modern Psychology in Japan: Discussion from the point of predecessors and Japanese private and public academic systems

Twenty-first century's animal psychology in Japan

Twenty-first century's animal psychology in Japan

Psychology in Japan: The Scientific Establishment and Harmonious Indigenization

Psychology in Japan: The Scientific Establishment and Harmonious Indigenization