Psychological Well-being Research Articles

Experience of nature is the moderator of the positive link between pausing in wondering awe and gratitude and psychological wellbeing

Experience of nature is the moderator of the positive link between pausing in wondering awe and gratitude and psychological wellbeing

Physical activity and wellbeing in prisoners: a scoping review.

This scoping review aims to evaluate the impact of physical activity interventions on the well-being of incarcerated individuals. It seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of existing research on various forms of physical activity, including structured exercise programs, yoga and mindfulness, and their effects on both mental and physical health within prison populations. A scoping review was conducted by searching Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science in June 2024. Keywords used included "physical activity," "exercise," "fitness," "sports," "prisoners," "inmates," "incarcerated individuals," "well-being," "mental health," "physical health," "psychological well-being" and "emotional well-being." After screening 1,736 potential articles, 54 relevant studies were selected. These included structured exercise programs, yoga/mindfulness programs and evaluations of physical activity levels. Two authors independently reviewed and selected studies based on predefined inclusion criteria, ensuring a comprehensive overview of the literature on physical activity interventions in prison settings. The review identified 12 relevant studies, revealing that physical activity interventions, including structured exercise programs, yoga and mindfulness, positively impact the psychological and physical well-being of incarcerated individuals. Consistent improvements were noted in mental health outcomes, such as reduced depression and anxiety, and enhanced physical health indicators, including lower body mass index and increased fitness levels. The findings underscore the necessity for age- and gender-specific interventions to address the unique health challenges faced by different inmate demographics, highlighting the importance of incorporating diverse and culturally relevant exercise programs in prisons. This review uniquely synthesizes the impact of various physical activity interventions on the well-being of incarcerated individuals, emphasizing the necessity for tailored, culturally relevant programs. Notably, no previous review has comprehensively analyzed this aspect. By comparing diverse types of interventions, it provides comprehensive insights into the benefits of structured exercise, yoga and mindfulness in prison settings. This work highlights the importance of implementing physical activity in various forms, especially for female inmates, to enhance health and well-being. It offers valuable guidance for developing effective rehabilitation strategies in correctional facilities.

Aesthetic Outcome of Isolated Advancement Genioplasty With and Without Submental Liposuction in the Treatment of Skeletal Chin Deficiency in Double Chin Patients (A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial).

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of submental liposuction with advancement genioplasty versus advancement genioplasty alone on esthetics in double chin patients. Twenty-six patients with deficient chin were included in the study. The patients were distributed into 2 groups: submental fat liposuction in conjunction with advancement genioplasty group as intervention one and advancement genioplasty alone as a control group. Preoperative and postoperative computed tomography was performed for all patients. With the help of various software, diagnosis, virtual planning, and evaluation were done. Patient satisfaction was evaluated by a Face-Q questionnaire. The study was conducted on 26 patients with deficient chin, 88.9% were females and 11.1% were males. The mean age of cases was (25.5±3.5y), clinically all cases went uneventful, and there were no statistically significant differences regarding soft tissue relapse between the study and control groups. All patients showed statistically significant increases in scores of satisfaction with the chin, psychological well-being, and social well-being scales. Submental fat liposuction can be a good intervention choice in mild-moderate chin deficient cases when added to an advanced genioplasty procedure.

The Progression of Modern Western Psychological Theories to Incorporate Religious Thought

The focus of psychology has shifted significantly throughout modern history and separate schools of thought have developed to explain this important topic. Four considerable trends in modern Western psychology have progressed research and understanding, with each trend starting through a mindset to compensate for weakness in preceding theories. Psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanistic psychology have facilitated a greater understanding of the human mind and experiences in a primarily constructive direction. However, these schools of thought intentionally excluded religious teachings and worldviews, despite the strong history of believers in religion and the positive benefits that religion can provide. Transpersonal psychology and positive psychology have explored religious experiences and practices, using this knowledge to advance psychology beyond the previous schools of thought and improving the psychological well-being of those who have gleaned from their findings. Analyzing and synthesizing these movements, as well as related fields of study, leads to recommendations for future directions to advance psychological research.

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN MELALUI EDUKASI DALAM UPAYA MENGATASI ANEMIA PADA REMAJA PUTRI

One of the health problems in developed countries including Indonesia is the problem of nutrition in the form of micronutrient deficiencies such as anemia. Anemia is a condition of the body where the hemoglobin (Hb) level in the blood is lower. Based on the latest data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Health, anemia is still a major health problem in Indonesia. The prevalence of anemia in women of childbearing age (15–49 years) was recorded at 27.2%. The most affected group is pregnant women with a prevalence of 48.9%, followed by adolescent girls at 32%. The main factors causing anemia in Indonesia include lack of iron intake, parasitic infections such as worms, and other chronic diseases. This condition can have an impact on academic performance, physical growth, and psychological well-being of female students. Based on these problems, community service activities were carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Meureubo through anemia counseling activities. The implementation time was on October 26, 2024. The target was female students of SMA 1 Meureubo

Grit and workplace spirituality on psychological well-being among faculties of higher education institutions

The present research investigates the complex connection between grit, workplace spirituality, and psychological well-being among faculty members in higher education institutions. The study was focused on faculty members of public state universities in India (Bihar). The data was gathered through surveys and then examined using multiple regression analysis. Findings offer valuable insights into the factors that influence psychological well-being among faculty members. Precisely results indicate that grit and workplace spirituality are strong predictors of various aspects of psychological well-being. The study also revealed an interesting facet of workplace spirituality as the workplace spirituality was positively associated with psychological well-being, but a further analysis of its components showed a more complex relationship. The spiritual orientation dimension, representing an individual's adherence to their spiritual ideals at work, was discovered to adversely affect psychological well-being. This contradictory discovery indicates that an overemphasis on spiritual orientation in higher education could result in a contradiction between personal values and professional requirements, ultimately reducing psychological well-being. It emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach to workplace spirituality that enables individuals to incorporate their spiritual beliefs into their work without facing excessive stress or conflict. The results provide significant information for enhancing the welfare of educational professionals and may have wider significance for the education sector and occupational psychology.

Metaphorical Perceptions of the Concept of "Game" from the Perspective of Students Studying in the Department of Recreation

Play is not just a form of entertainment and leisure activity; it is also one of the most important tools for socialization. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to reveal how students in the recreation department conceptualize their thoughts on “play” through metaphors. The study utilized qualitative research methods and employed a phenomenological design. The study group was selected using purposive sampling and determined through the convenience sampling technique. The study group consists of 32 students aged between 18-34 who are studying in the recreation department. Participants were asked one metaphor question. The findings revealed that the metaphors related to the concept of recreation included categories such as psychological well-being, learning by doing, fun, necessity, teamwork, socialization, time management, communication, and freedom. As a result, the concept of play was perceived by recreation students under various metaphorical categories as a multifaceted phenomenon that provides happiness, emphasizes the sense of pleasure, is considered necessary for making life livable, and is energizing.

Optimal Treatment for Post-Surgical Cicatricial Alopecia: Autologous Hair Transplantation?

Scarring alopecia significantly impacts patients' appearance and psychological well-being. Surgery is a common cause of scarring alopecia, making positive treatment crucial for patients' overall health. To investigate the clinical efficacy of autologous follicular unit extraction (FUE) transplantation for postoperative secondary stable scarring alopecia and evaluate its effectiveness. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted, including 14 patients with postoperative secondary scarring alopecia. All patients underwent initial autologous FUE hair transplantation, and postoperative complications were monitored. Patient satisfaction surveys were also conducted. Satisfaction assessments were performed for all 14 patients. Two patients (14.3%) reported being very satisfied, 6 patients expressed satisfaction (35.7%), 4 patients reported being somewhat satisfied (28.6%), and 3 patients were dissatisfied (21.4%). Aesthetic complications included low follicular density post-transplantation, uneven density, and unnatural appearance. Solely using a single FUE hair transplantation for treating postoperative secondary scarring alopecia has limited effectiveness and may not always meet expectations, potentially requiring multiple transplantations. Further research is necessary to guide and improve follicular transplantation survival rates to ensure surgical efficacy.

Mental health and attitudes toward suicide amongst individuals with gender dysphoria in Iran

IntroductionGender dysphoria (GD) is associated with profound mental health challenges, including heightened suicide risk. This study aimed to explore the mental health status and attitudes toward suicide among individuals with GD in Iran.MethodsA comprehensive assessment was conducted using three validated tools: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) to gauge emotional distress and psychological well-being, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) to evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms, and the Predicament Questionnaire (PQ) to measure attitudes toward suicide in the context of social crises.ResultsAmong the 78 participants, 43 (55.1%) were identified as experiencing significant mental health issues, while 21 (26.9%) were found to suffer from severe depression. The average PQ score was 57.92, which aligns with findings from similar populations in previous studies, highlighting a concerning trend in suicide-related attitudes. Further statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between psychological distress (GHQ-28 scores) and attitudes toward suicide (PQ scores), as well as between depressive symptoms (BDI-II scores) and suicide-related attitudes.ConclusionsThese findings indicate a pervasive prevalence of psychological disorders, particularly depression, within this group, and underscore the strong association between depressive states and suicidal ideation. The study underscores the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions and comprehensive healthcare policies tailored to the specific needs of individuals with GD in Iran. Given the substantial mental health burden observed, particularly the risk of suicide, this research highlights the critical importance of integrating mental health care into broader support systems for this population.

Hearing Status and Etiology of Hearing Impairment Among the Patients Visiting Audiology OPD

Introduction: Hearing disability can impair individual quality of life. It can impede communication, disrupt an individual's psychological and social well-being, and cause them to become socially isolated. We aimed to study the hearing status and etiology of hearing impairment in the patients visiting ENT-Audiology OPD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the ENT-Audiology Department at the National Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Patients suspected of hearing impairment were audiologically evaluated with a MAICO 52 audiometer. A pure tone audiogram was done in each ear of every individual separately and a copy of it was kept along with demographic data and clinical history. Results: Among 410 individuals, 51.9% were males and 48.1% were females; a maximum of individuals were 16-30 (36.6%) years and the mean age was 33.56. Among 410 (820 ears) individuals 16.34%had unilateral hearing impairment and 67.31 %had bilateral hearing impairment. In 686 pathological ears, 51.45% suffered from otitis media followed by presbycusis in 14.47%. The conductive type of hearing impairment in 36.21% of patients and a mild degree of hearing impairment in 36.34% of patients were the most common. Conclusions: The prevalence of hearing impairment in this region is high. Otitis media was found to be the main cause of hearing disability and a mild degree of hearing loss was more evident. Preventive measures, early identification, and treatment can reduce hearing-disabling conditions.

What’s the Matter? Alcohol Use Risk Among Relatives of People with Mental Illness

Family members who live with relatives with serious mental illness face unique mental health risks, which become worse with alcohol use and without social support. Research has highlighted the damaging effects of harmful substance use among people who feel like they do not matter to others, but few studies have assessed links between mattering and alcohol use within marginalized populations. In the present study, a sample of family members who reside with a relative with mental illness completed an online survey. Using the AUDIT alcohol screening measure, participants were classified into a No–Low Risk Alcohol Use (n = 52) or a Hazardous Drinking (n = 28) group. Hazardous alcohol use was alarmingly high, reaching triple the rate of the general population and categorized at the most severe level of harm. Those who drank hazardously felt like they mattered less to others (p < 0.001), felt like they mattered less to their relative with mental illness (p = 0.035), had greater anti-mattering (e.g., they felt invisible and unheard) (p = 0.008), experienced more hopelessness (p < 0.001), felt less supported by significant others (p = 0.003), endorsed having more problems with mental health services (p = 0.017), had higher stigma (p < 0.001), and had lower psychological well-being (p < 0.001). Findings highlight under-recognized public health risks, implications for public health initiatives, and the need for tailored interventions that boost mattering and reduce harmful alcohol use in this vulnerable family member population.

Effectiveness of expressive writing therapy for postpartum women with psychological distress: Meta-analysis and narrative review.

The increasing prevalence of psychological distress among mothers is outpacing the effectiveness of conventional coping methods like cognitive behavioral therapy. The efficacy of alternatives such as writing therapy for maternal psychological well-being remains uncertain due to a lack of extensive research and inconsistent findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of expressive writing therapy in comparison to standard postpartum care for alleviating psychological distress, encompassing symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress, in postpartum women. For this purpose, seven bibliographic databases, including CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and gray literature were examined up to December 27, 2022 for randomized controlled trials, comparing expressive writing against standard care or controlled writing among postpartum women with psychological distress. Data was collected using a random effect model for meta-analysis. A meta-analysis of five studies with 483 participants found that expressive writing therapy was more effective than standard care or controlled writing in reducing postpartum depression and stress among women with psychological distress. Expressive writing resulted in a significant reduction in initial depression with standard mean difference (SMD) = -0.65%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.08 to -0.22, Z = 2.96, P = 0.003, in comparison to controlled writing as an intervention. Regarding expressive writing versus standard care, a narrative review was conducted due to an I2 above 75%. The results showed significant improvements compared to the baseline at the seventh day and third month post-intervention. In terms of stress scores, there was a significant difference favoring expressive writing over standard care at the first month (SMD = -0.80%, 95% CI = -1.35 to -0.24, Z = 2.81, P = 0.005) and third month (SMD = -0.53%, 95% CI = -0.86 to -0.20, Z = 3.13, P = 0.002) post-intervention. Stress scores are also greatly reduced for expressive writing versus controlled writing with SMD = -0.79%, 95% CI = -1.03 to -0.55, Z = 6.48, P < 0.00001. However, the effectiveness of expressive writing on postpartum anxiety should be interpreted cautiously due to low certainty. Expressive writing serves as an effective alternative for non-pharmacological intervention for postpartum women with depression and stress, but more research is needed for postpartum anxiety. As substantial heterogeneity was detected, results must be interpreted cautiously. Postpartum women with psychological distress are encouraged to use expressive writing as an affordable way to promote maternal mental health for the benefit of both the mother and the child.

Perspectives, perceptions, and expectations of subjects with frozen shoulder: a web-based Italian survey

Introduction: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a musculoskeletal disorder affecting the glenohumeral joint. This condition leads to disability and a worsening in quality of life. Despite its considerable impact on patients and its economic burden, research on the psychological and social implications of FS—as well as patients’ perspectives and needs—is limited. This study aims to explore the perspectives, perceptions, and expectations of individuals suffering from FS, providing a comprehensive understanding of their experiences and needs. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted following STROBE guidelines. A 59-question survey was administered to Italian individuals diagnosed with FS from April 1 to July 1, 2023. Results: All 110 participants completed the survey. Most preferred an experienced and empathetic physiotherapist (73.64%) and relied primarily on physiotherapy (49.09%) for FS management. Additionally, 45.45% were open to a multidisciplinary approach. Subjects reported reducing night pain (71.82%) and achieving full range of motion (ROM) recovery (70.91%) as their top priorities. Participants reported a notable shift in their mood from “pre” to “post” FS, with many experiencing fear and catastrophizing thoughts and perceiving a lack of social support. Furthermore, 27.27% were open to cortisone use, while 25.45% considered electrophysical agents beneficial for managing the painful phase of FS. Conclusion: These results underscore a strong preference for empathetic physiotherapists and the value of a multidisciplinary approach. Addressing night pain and restoring ROM are crucial priorities—emphasizing the need for tailored and shared decision-making. Additionally, these findings highlight the importance of addressing psychological well-being alongside physical symptoms.

A Multidimensional Analysis of Foreign Language Anxiety among Students: Implications for Academic

Inside the realm of second language acquisition, Chinese university students encounter significant subjective challenges, particularly Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA), which is widely recognized for its broad impact. As globalization and foreign language instruction intensify, FLA has become a key research area in education and psychology. A wealth of literature has delved into FLAs influence on learners psychological well-being, cognition, and behavior. This study systematically reviews the literature to explore the role and effects of FLA in Chinese students second language learning. It reveals that FLA impacts emotional states and cognitive processing, leading to heightened emotional filtering that impedes language acquisition. This anxiety can result in psychological, cognitive, and behavioral stress, negatively affecting language development and academic success. Employing a literature analysis approach, the study compiles and analyzes both domestic and international sources, identifying the ubiquity of FLA among Chinese university students and its detrimental effects on academic performance, mental health, and physical well-being. The research aims to inform educational practices and guide the development of teaching strategies to mitigate FLA, thereby enhancing the second language acquisition of Chinese university students.

‘I don’t want to be a burden’: Workplace bullying and the challenges of seeking and receiving social support

ABSTRACT Workplace bullying is a pervasive and significant communicative phenomenon. It is a social stressor impacting the physical and psychological well-being of employees as well as organizational health. The current study investigated workplace bullying targets’ bullying experiences and their perceptions of available and received social support and its effectiveness as a coping resource. Through qualitative interviews (n = 35), this study reveals that while emotional support is readily available, it is often insufficient and misaligned with the needs of workplace bullying targets. Other critical forms of support were less available. Additionally, a paradox of seeking support emerged wherein the act of seeking support is itself a burden and limits a target’s ability to benefit from social support as a coping resource and buffer against the negative impacts of bullying. This research highlights the need for organizations to foster supportive communication climates and develop policies and systems that protect the wellbeing of employees.

The Role of Dispositional Optimism in Psychological Well-Being and Social Anxiety Among University Students

Objectives: The primary goal of this study was to investigate the association between dispositional optimism psychological well-being and social anxiety in university students.Method: The correlational research design was used, and the sample was recruited employing the non-probability purposive sampling technique. The life Orientation Scale developed by Scheier et al., in 1994, the Psychological Well-being scale by Ryff &amp; Keyes (1995), Social Anxiety Scale developed by Ejaz et al., (2020) along with the demographic sheet were utilized for the data collection. Results: The sample constituted 350 participants (165 males and 185 females), with ages ranging from 20-30 years (M=23.46, SD=3.22). Results revealed a significant association between dispositional optimism and all subscales of social anxiety and psychological well-being (p&lt;.05). Similarly, significant differences among both genders were observed in levels of dispositional optimism, psychological well-being, and social anxiety (p&lt;.01). Dispositional optimism and psychological wellbeing were also observed as the significant predictors of social anxiety in university students (p&lt;.001). Likewise, the results proved that dispositional optimism was a significant moderator between psychological well-being and social anxiety (p&lt;.01).Conclusion: the study concluded that dispositional optimism moderates the association between psychological well-being and a level of social anxiety.

Religiusitas dan Dukungan Sosial sebagai Penentu Konsep Diri: Studi Kasus pada Perempuan Korban Perselingkuhan

Infidelity is a complex social issue that has profound psychological impacts on its victims. Infidelity does not always involve sexual relationships; it can also manifest as emotional closeness. However, any form of infidelity has the potential to undermine the integrity of a marital bond. While infidelity can occur in both men and women, research identifies men as more likely to engage in such behavior. This study aims to analyze the impact of a husband’s infidelity on a wife’s self-concept. A qualitative phenomenological method was employed. The findings, based on interviews with four participants, reveal that infidelity within a marriage leads to feelings of anger, disappointment, and negative self-perceptions, such as feeling unwanted or unworthy and a loss of motivation to live with enthusiasm. Social support and religiosity were identified as critical factors in rebuilding the self-concept of victims of infidelity. Although religiosity does not instantly eliminate emotional pain, it serves as a significant source of strength, calm, and hope in the process of healing emotional wounds. Recovery from this emotional pain is not an easy process. Social support encompasses assistance in self-acceptance, emotional recovery, and the reconstruction of self-identity. Religiosity fosters self-awareness and reflection, helping individuals shift their focus from worldly concerns to spirituality and ultimate life goals. This facilitates adaptation accompanied by feelings of comfort, tranquility, optimism, and gratitude. Religiosity and social support are perceived as enhancing psychological well-being, providing emotional support, and helping individuals face life’s challenges with greater resilience.

The Reciprocal Effects of Prosociality, Peer Support and Psychological Well-Being in Adolescence: A Four-Wave Longitudinal Study

The aim of this study was to analyze the reciprocal effects between prosociality, peer support and psychological well-being using a four-wave longitudinal study and a within-person analytical approach (random intercept cross-lagged panel model, RI-CLPM). A sample of 587 adolescents (males = 308; Mage = 14.23, SD = 0.58) enrolled in the first year of high school (9th grade) were recruited and followed over four years from 2016 (Time 1 [T1]) to 2019 (Time 4 [T4]). Once a year, they filled in a questionnaire measuring prosociality, peer support, and psychological well-being. The results from the RI-CLPM revealed that, at the between-person level, prosociality, peer support and psychological well-being were all positively associated. Conversely, at the within-person level and at all survey points, only psychological well-being positively predicted prosociality one year later. Specifically, we found that adolescents with higher levels of psychological well-being were more likely to show a tendency for prosocial behaviors over time. Promoting interventions aimed at enhancing psychological well-being may make adolescents more likely to engage in positive behaviors, such as prosocial ones, in a variety of contexts, thereby creating favorable social environments.

A longitudinal study on the role of social axioms in Chinese university students’ psychological well-being

A longitudinal study on the role of social axioms in Chinese university students’ psychological well-being

Job Demand, Control, and Social Support to Pilots: Basis of Mental Health Recommendations

This study investigates the relationship between job demand, control, and social support on the mental health of pilots. Given the documented prevalence of mental health challenges among pilots, including stress, suicidal thoughts, and anxiety, this research aims to identify key factors influencing their well-being and develop tailored recommendations. Employing a qualitative research design with case study analysis, this study seeks to understand the levels of job demand, control, and social support experienced by pilots. By exploring these factors and their impact on mental health, the study will generate evidence-based recommendations to promote the psychological well-being of pilots.