Psychological Well-being Of Mothers Research Articles

Predicting Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Roles of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Coping.

Research has consistently shown that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to report chronic stress and symptoms of psychopathology when compared to parents of typically developing children and children with other psychological or physical conditions. Certain individual characteristics might either put parents at risk or allow them to cope more effectively under the strenuous conditions of raising children with neurodevelopmental conditions. Previous research has suggested that higher levels of intolerance of uncertainty and certain coping styles are associated with higher parental levels of anxiety and depression. The aim of this study is to characterize the way in which intolerance of uncertainty and coping (avoidant and problem-focused coping) predict mental health and psychological wellbeing in parents of children with ASD. Only mothers participated in this study. Fifty mothers (Mage = 44.28 years, SDage = 6.58) of children with ASD completed questionnaires assessing anxiety and depression, psychological wellbeing, intolerance of uncertainty, and avoidant and problem-focused coping. The results from this study provide preliminary evidence that higher use of problem-focused coping but not avoidant coping and intolerance of uncertainty predicts psychological wellbeing. Furthermore, our observation of greater intolerance of uncertainty and higher use of avoidant coping predicting anxiety and depression supports previous research. The findings from this study have implications for the development of intervention programs to help improve the mental health and psychological wellbeing of parents. LAY SUMMARY: This research studied the factors that impact the mental health of parents of children on the autism spectrum. We found that mothers, who are not comfortable with uncertainty, use more avoidant coping, and less problem-focused coping have poorer mental health. Identifying these factors is a crucial first step in developing intervention programs to help improve the mental health of parents. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1797-1801. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Contours of Positivity as Determinants of Maternal Psychological Well-Being in Pakistani Children with and without Hearing Impairment

ABSTRACTThe current research was designed in order to investigate the differences in hope, gratitude and psychological well-being in mothers of children with and without hearing impairment. This is hypothesised that there is likely to be significant differences in hope, gratitude and psychological well-being in mothers of children with and without hearing impairment. The sample for the current research comprised of n = 300 (n = 150 mothers of children with hearing impairment who were compared with mothers of hearing children (n = 150, after matching them on core subject variables); children within age ranges of 12–18 years were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The scales included Hope Trait Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale and Gratitude Questionnaire. Independent Sample t-test revealed significant differences in hope, gratitude and psychological well-being in mothers of children with and without hearing impairment. Pearson Product Moment correlation revealed significant positive relationship among hope, gratitude and psychological well-being in mothers of children. Regression analyses revealed that hope and gratitude are significant predictors of psychological well-being. The findings are promising for counsellors, teachers and mothers to change the perception and views regarding disability to seek better results in their children’s functioning.

Predictive role of Resilience on Psychological wellbeing among selected Mothers of children with intellectual disability

It is really challenging and stressful to take care of children with Intellectual Disability. In Indian context and culture mothers are more affected with the disability of the child. Stress related to the parenting of children with intellectual disabilities leads to emotional burn out, physical exhaustion and socially isolation. It adversely affects their psychological wellbeing. But despite the increased stressful situations and adversities in life,parents who are more resilient are able to effectively manage them and flourish out of them. This study focuses on the relation of resilience on psychological wellbeing and itspredictive influence onpsychological wellbeing related to their children’s Intellectual Disability. 174 mothers, aged between 25-40, of children with intellectual disability participated in this study. Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Wellbeing (RSPW) were used to measure the variables and correlation research method is applied in this study. The results show that there exist a positive correlation between resilience and psychological wellbeing . The regression analysis of the data showed that resilience can contribute the variance of 20% in the psychological wellbeing of mothers of children with intellectual disability. The result clearly shows that the idea of enhancing resilience can enhance the psychological wellbeing of mother of children with intellectual disability.

Association of religious coping use with psychological well-being of mother of mentally retarded children

Low psychological well-being in mothers of children with mental retardation can affect maternal mental health and quality of life. Psychological well-being of mothers depend on maternal coping strategies to overcome the burden of childcare. The religious background of Indonesian society makes mothers tend to use religious coping in handling the burden of nurturing their children. Aim of this study to determine the association between religious coping use and psychological well-being of mothers of children with mental retardation. This is an analytic descriptive study with cross-sectional design. Subjects were mothers of children with mild to moderate level of mental retardation, students of SLB Negeri 1 Bantul. The psychological well-being and religious coping of mother is assessed by Indonesian version of the Psychological Well-being Scale and Religious Coping Scale. The significance level of the statistical test is expressed at p < 0.05. Results of this study showed there is a significant association between religious coping and psychological well-being of mothers of children with mental retardation (X2: 17.897; C: 0.377; p: 0.000; RP: 5.65; 95% CI: 2.46-12.92). All dimensions of religious coping have a significant association with the psychological well-being of the mother (p: 0.000). The dimensions of achieving comfort and closeness to God have the highest closeness association with the psychological well-being among other dimensions of religious coping (X2: 39.041; C: 0.515). The confounding variables in this study are mother’s age, mother’s education, family income, marital status, mother’s employment status, family income, children’s gender, children's level of mental retardation and children’s class grade. Mother’s education has also a significant association with the psychological well-being of the mother (p: 0.021). Religious coping and mother’s education contribute 26.7% to the psychological well-being of mothers. This finding reveals that religious coping is important to improve the psychological well-being of mothers of children with mental retardation.

의존적 미혼성인 자녀와 동거하는 어머니의 양가감정이 자녀분리불안과 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향

의존적 미혼성인 자녀와 동거하는 어머니의 양가감정이 자녀분리불안과 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Positive Thinking Skills Training Based on Islamic Teachings and Beliefs on Resilience and Psychological Well-Being of Mothers with Autistic Children

The Effects of Positive Thinking Skills Training Based on Islamic Teachings and Beliefs on Resilience and Psychological Well-Being of Mothers with Autistic Children

Effectiveness of Group Counseling Based on the Reality Therapy on Resilience and Psychological Well-Being of Mothers with an Intellectual Disabled Child

Background: The birth of a child with mental retardation can put a lot of mentally pressure on people around her, especially on mother. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group counseling based on the reality therapy on the resilience and psychological well-being of mothers with an intellectual disabled child. Materials and Methods: The research was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. Forty mothers with an intellectual disabled child who their children were studying at the exceptional schools of Kermanshah city in 2017; selected by simple random sampling and assigned into two intervention (n=20), and control groups (n=20). The intervention group received group training in 10 sessions of 60 minutes (one session every week). The research tools include Conner and Davidson Resilience (2003), and Reef Psychological Well-Being (1980). Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 21), and multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The mean of mothers’ resilience in the intervention group was 74.41±8.33 in post-test; in the control group, 45.41±16.84 in post-test. The mean of the psychological well-being of mothers in the intervention group was 72.5±83.3 in post-test; in the control group, these values were 34.12±7.47 in post-test, respectively. The results of the independent t-test showed that there is a significant difference between two groups in terms of resilience and psychological well-being (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the mothers under the group training based on the reality therapy had a significant improvement in increasing the level of resilience and psychological well-being compared to the control group.

Dynamics of psychological safety in mothers raising children with special needs

There is a considerable decrease in psychological well-being among mothers raising children with special needs. Addressing the issues of providing psychological support for them is of particular importance for both researchers and practitioners. The paper presents a study aimed at exploring the dynamics of psychological safety in mothers raising children with special needs. 32 mothers whose children underwent a rehabilitation programme in a rehabilitation centre participated in the study. The key element of the psychological support programme developed for these mothers was a specific psychotherapeutic space combining hippotherapy with environmental, social and personal factors. Compared to the control group, the study participants’ parameters of psychological safety showed statistically significant positive dynamics. The results obtained contribute to studying factors of psychological well-being in mothers raising children with special needs and suggest an effective way of enhancing their sense of psychological safety.

유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 영성과 심리적 안녕감의 관계

유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 영성과 심리적 안녕감의 관계

Relationship of strategies for emotion cognitive adjustment with psychological well-being and anxiety in mothers with cancer children

Background and Purpose: The present study was aimed to examine the relationship between strategies of emotion cognitive adjustment and psychological well-being with anxiety in mothers with cancer children. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of 86 individuals, who were selected using convenience sampling method; they responded to psychological well-being and anxiety questionnaires. Results: The research method was descriptive of a correlational type. Data obtained from questionnaires were analyzed through multivariate regression in SPSS software, after being marked. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between emotion cognitive adjustment strategies and anxiety and psychological well-being in mothers with cancer children. Conclusion: Results showed that emotion cognitive adjustment predicts about 27.1% of anxiety changes and about 26.8% of psychological well-being changes in mothers with cancer children.

Examining maternal age, breastfeeding self-efficacy and health locus of control in psychological wellbeing of mothers

We investigated the direct and interaction influence of maternal age, breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), health locus of control (HLOC) on six dimensions of psychological wellbeing of breastfeeding mothers in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 291 mothers attending health facilities in two suburb local government areas. The survey included socio-demographics (maternal age, marital status, ethnicity, education level and position of the baby currently breastfeeding), breastfeeding self-efficacy, health locus of control and psychological wellbeing scales. Independent variables were tested against sense of autonomy, positive relations with others, purpose in life, self-acceptance, environmental mastery and personal growth using factorial Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Results showed direct influence of BSE, HLOC and maternal age on various dimensions of psychological wellbeing. Interaction influences indicate BSE and HLOC on environmental mastery; BSE and maternal age on self-acceptance and HLOC and maternal age on sense of autonomy, positive relationship with others and self-acceptance respectively. In conclusion, maternal age, breastfeeding self-efficacy and health locus of control are vital for mothers to enjoy plenty dimensions of psychological wellbeing. Breastfeeding mothers need to be confident in their abilities to breastfeed and have control over their health-related behaviour in order to enjoy sufficient dimensions of psychological wellbeing.

A comparative analysis on psychological well-being in mothers of autistic, blind, and normal-functioning children.

A comparative analysis on psychological well-being in mothers of autistic, blind, and normal-functioning children.

The Role of Motivational Interviewing in Depression and Psychological Well-Being in Mothers of Students Having Learning Disabilities

The effects of motivational interviewing on the minimising of depression symptoms and improvement of psychological well-being among mothers of students having learning disabilities were studied. The methodology was based on the comparison of pretest-posttest Vs control-groups. The statistical data included all mothers of primary-school students having learning disabilities (50 subjects) and normal students (50 subjects) residing in the city of Ardabil, Iran. Subject selections were made through simple random sampling method and group counselling sessions focused on motivational interviewing were held for the experimental group for total eight 60-minute sessions. The structure of the motivational interviewing sessions was extracted from a prescribed prescript of group therapy. To tabulate the data; Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Beck Depression Inventory, and Colorado Learning Diff iculties Questionnaire were used. As per the statistical analysis the motivational interviewing can reduce depression symptoms and improve psychological wellbeing in mothers of students having learning disabilities.

The effectiveness of group logotherapy to improve psychological well-being of mothers with intellectually disabled children

Objectives: The current study aimed at examining the effectiveness of group logotherapy to enhance psychological well-being of mothers of children with intellectual disabilities.Method: The methodology adopted in this study was quasi-experimental incorporating pre-test, post-test, and control group. The population comprised all mothers of children with intellectual disabilities in Bushehr City, Iran. To this end, 26 mothers of children with intellectual disabilities were chosen using multi-stage sampling and were randomly divided into two groups of 13 as experimental and control groups. To gather data, Ryff’s psychological well-being inventory was employed, and then the experimental group was treated by eight sessions of logotherapy group counseling each of which lasted 90 min. There was no intervention for the control group and both groups were post-tested.Results: Analyzed by statistical covariance, the results demonstrated that group logotherapy leads to increased psychological well-being and its subscales including positive relationships with others, autonomy, personal growth, and environmental mastery.Conclusion: According to the findings, it is concluded that group instruction with logotherapy approach influences the psychological well-being of mothers of children with intellectual disabilities and one can use this style to help improve parents’ mental health.

Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs, Self-Determined Exercise Motivation, and Psychological Well-Being in Mothers Exercising in Group-Based Versus Individual-Based Contexts

We compared mothers who exercised predominantly in group settings, those who exercised predominantly in individual settings, and those who exercised equally in group and individual contexts among the following: (a) satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness); (b) self-determined exercise motivation; and (c) psychological well-being. With clear implications for mothers’ exercise interventions we found that exercising either predominantly in group contexts or in mixed group and individual settings was associated with mothers having significantly higher satisfaction of basic psychological needs and self-determined exercise motivation than those exercising predominantly alone.

Death concerns and psychological well-being in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder

PurposeUtilizing a terror management theory perspective, the present research examined whether having a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with underlying cognitions and explicit worries about death, and their roles in psychological well-being. Method147 mothers of children with ASD (n=74) and typically developing children (n=73) completed a fear of death scale, as well as measures of death-thought accessibility, positive and negative affect, depression, and anxiety. ResultsFollowing previous research, mothers of children with ASD reported worse psychological health. Additionally, they evidenced greater death-thought accessibility compared to mothers of typically developing children, but did not differ in explicit worries about mortality. Greater death-thought accessibility, in turn, mediated the influence of ASD diagnosis on negative affect, depression, and anxiety. ConclusionThe current study offers an initial understanding of the association between mortality concerns and psychological health for mothers of children with ASD. Further, it underscores the importance of health care providers’ efforts to attend to, and educate parents about, their thoughts of mortality, even if the parent does not acknowledge such concerns. What this paper addsThe present study examined the impact of both implicit and explicit worries about death in parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Specifically, we were able to demonstrate that increased death-thought accessibility among mothers of children with ASD was associated with worse psychological health. While it is possible for parents of children with ASD to report conscious worries about death, there were no observed differences on this measure. As far as we know, this work is the first to empirically examine the prevalence of mortality-related concerns in this population and the subsequent effects of death-thought accessibility on psychological health. This is an important avenue of research as parents of children with ASD may experience greater worries about leaving their children upon death with no one to care for them, or to leave their children in the care of individuals who may not understand their son or daughter's unique needs. Additionally, the current findings highlight the importance of addressing mortality-related concerns, even when they may not be explicitly recognized, among parents of children with ASD. Given the effectiveness of parent education programs for children with ASD, a primary avenue for intervention may be education. Training care providers in ways to better discuss thoughts of death may help to alleviate stress and foster greater psychological well-being.

Psychological Well-Being of Mothers and Siblings in Families of Girls and Women with Rett Syndrome.

Few published studies have reported on the psychological well-being of family members of individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT). Eighty-seven mothers of girls and women with RTT completed a questionnaire survey about their daughters' behavioral phenotype, current health, and behavior problems, and their own and a sibling's well-being. Mothers reported increased anxiety but similar levels of depression when compared to a normative sample. Across all problem domains on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, child and adolescent siblings (n = 39) were reported by mothers to have fewer difficulties than a normative sample. The severity of their daughters' RTT behavioral phenotype predicted increased anxiety and stress for mothers. Increased RTT daughters' current health problems predicted more maternal perceptions of positive gain.

Influence on the empowerment of the optimism and psychological well-being of mothers from multi-culture families

Influence on the empowerment of the optimism and psychological well-being of mothers from multi-culture families

Psychological distress, depression, anxiety, stress, and exercise in Australian and New Zealand mothers: A cross-sectional survey.

Postnatal psychological well-being is a complex issue characterized by major changes in physical, social, and emotional health. In response to addressing limitations of previous research this study aimed to: (i) quantify psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress in a large sample of Australian and New Zealand mothers and to compare to Australian norm data; and (ii) identify any significant differences in psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of the mothers when grouped according to their self-reported exercise incidence. Self-reported short-form version Depression Anxiety Stress Scale data were collected from 3601 Australia and New Zealand mothers with at least one child under the age of 5 years. Results demonstrated that this sample of mothers had significantly poorer psychological well-being than the general Australian population. Furthermore, with the exception of anxiety, psychological well-being of mothers who reported exercising three to four times per week was significantly and meaningfully more positive compared to those mothers that reported not to exercise.

Socially sensitive lactation: Exploring the social context of breastfeeding

Many women report difficulties with breastfeeding and do not maintain the practice for as long as intended. Although psychologists and other researchers have explored some of the difficulties they experience, fuller exploration of the relational contexts in which breastfeeding takes place is warranted to enable more in-depth analysis of the challenges these pose for breastfeeding women. This article is based on qualitative data collected from 22 first-time breastfeeding mothers through two phases of interviews and audio-diaries which explored how the participants experienced their relationships with significant others and the wider social context of breastfeeding in the first five weeks postpartum. Using a thematic analysis informed by symbolic interactionism, we develop the overarching theme of ‘Practising socially sensitive lactation’ which captures how participants felt the need to manage tensions between breastfeeding and their perceptions of the needs, expectations and comfort of others. We argue that breastfeeding remains a problematic social act, despite its agreed importance for child health. While acknowledging the limitations of our sample and analytic approach, we suggest ways in which perinatal and public health interventions can take more effective account of the social challenges of breastfeeding in order to facilitate the health and psychological well-being of mothers and their infants.