Domains Of Psychological Well-being Research Articles

Association of aerobic capacity and muscular strength with health-related quality of life in adolescents: A school-based cross-sectional study

Background: The independent associations of aerobic capacity and muscular strength on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), when mutually adjusted, remain understudied, particularly in adolescents. Aim: To examine the association between aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and HRQoL in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, including 202 Brazilian adolescents. Aerobic capacity was assessed using the PACER test and categorized into “healthy zone”, “needs improvement”, and “at risk”. Muscle strength was evaluated through field tests, including the 90º push-up, and categorized as “healthy zone” or “needs improvement”. HRQoL was measured using the validated KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire. A generalized gamma regression model was used to estimate coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals for HRQoL domains, adjusting mutually for aerobic capacity and muscle strength as predictors. Results: In the physical domain, adolescents with aerobic capacity in the healthy zone (β=11.2; p<0.001) and needs improvement category (β=8.8; p=0.007) scored higher than those in the at-risk zone. Similarly, those with muscle strength in the healthy zone scored higher than in the needs improvement category (β=6.6; p=0.012). In the psychological domain, adolescents with aerobic capacity in the healthy zone (β=8.1; p=0.002) and needs improvement (β=5.9; p=0.027) also had higher scores than those at risk, as did those with healthy muscle strength compared to needs improvement (β=4.5; p=0.043). No significant associations were found in other domains (p>0.05). Conclusion: Adequate levels of aerobic capacity and muscle strength are positively associated with HRQoL, particularly in the physical and psychological well-being domains among adolescents.

Comparison of Overall and Domain-Specific Psychological Well-Being Between Homemakers and Employed Women: A Cross-Sectional Study From Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu.

Background Women's psychological well-being (PWB) is influenced by various factors, including their occupational status and social roles. In India, where traditional and modern roles often intersect, understanding the PWB of homemakers and employed women is crucial for developing targeted mental health interventions. This study aimed to compare the overall and domain-specific PWB between homemakers and employed women in the Perambalur district, Tamil Nadu, using the 18-item Ryff's PWB Scale (PWBS). Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 308 women (172 homemakers and 136 employed women) in the Perambalur district, Tamil Nadu, using convenience sampling. The 18-item Ryff's PWBS was used to assess PWB across six domains: autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Sociodemographic information was collected using a structured questionnaire. The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.682, standardized α = 0.709). Data were analyzed using independent t-tests for overall scores and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for domain-specific comparisons. Results Homemakers demonstrated slightly higher overall PWB scores (69.35 ± 6.595) compared to employed women (68.21 ± 6.046), though this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.121). MANOVA revealed significant multivariate effects of working status on PWB domains (Pillai's Trace = 0.071, p = 0.001, partial η2 = 0.071). Significant differences were found in self-acceptance (p = 0.001, partial η2 = 0.048), with homemakers scoring higher, and autonomy (p = 0.050, partial η2 = 0.012), where employed women scored higher. Sociodemographic analysis revealed that employed women were predominantly from urban areas (80, 75.5%) and higher socioeconomic classes (n = 31, 73.8% in Class 1 and n = 49, 69% in Class 2), while homemakers were more prevalent in rural areas (146, 72.3%) and lower socioeconomic classes. Conclusion The study reveals that occupational status influences specific domains of PWB rather than overall well-being scores. While homemakers demonstrated higher self-acceptance, employed women showed greater autonomy. The absence of significant differences in other domains suggests that both groups can achieve PWB through different pathways. These findings highlight the need for targeted mental health interventions that consider occupational status, socioeconomic factors, and geographical location when addressing women's PWB. Future public health initiatives should focus on enhancing domain-specific strengths while addressing potential vulnerabilities in both groups.

Insights Into Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Procedures- Defining Demographic Factors and Impact of the Treatment on Self Perception: A Propensity Matched Cross Sectional Study

Abstract Background The lion´s share of the research on facial aesthetic procedures focuses on visual results and patient satisfaction. Objectives To characterize treated and untreated potential patients and the identification of determinants that influence the decision making as well as the impact of such treatments on patients’ self-perception. Methods A cross-sectional propensity-score-matched study on minimally invasive aesthetic procedures was performed through a survey comprising elements regarding demographics, conduct towards minimally invasive facial plastic interventions as well as psychological well-being and social self-esteem domains of the validated Face-Q module. Results Complete data was collected from 598 participants. Among those, 88% (n=529) were female and 12% (n=69) were male. Forty-six percent (n=277) of the participants were below the age of 30, and 39% (n=233) percent were between 30 and 45 years of age. Of the 598 participants, 22% (n=134) participants had undergone a minimally invasive aesthetic procedure of botulinum toxin and/or hyaluronic acid injection and 78% (n=464) participants had never received any aesthetical treatment. Female gender, 30-45 years of age, self-employment and an income over 75000€ were significant predictors of undergoing minimally invasive aesthetic procedures. Among treated participants, the overall Face-Q score as well as the scores for the social-esteem and the psychological well-being domains improved significantly with the aesthetic treatment. Conclusions This study highlights the major role of healthcare providers in better informing patients and the positive impact of facial aesthetic treatments on patients’ appearance as well as on psychological wellbeing and self-esteem.

Family functioning, family relationship problems, and psychological wellbeing among young adults

The study aims to examine the relationship between family functioning, family relationship problems, and psychological well-being among young adults in the southern region of India. The data was collected from a total 265 young adults aged 18 – 26 years old, through both online and offline means i.e. hybrid method was used. Using a quantitative non-experimental design, employing correlation analysis, data was analyzed. The measures that were used in the study were Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III), the Index of Family Relations (IFR), and Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB) – 42items. The finding of the study show that there was indeed a significant relationship between family cohesion, a subdomain in family functioning and the domains of psychological wellbeing. However, no significant relationship was observed between family adaptability, another subdomain in family functioning and the domains psychological well-being. Conversely, family relationship problems showed a significant negative correlation with various aspects of psychological well-being, indicating that higher levels of family conflict were associated with lower levels of psychological well-being. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of addressing family dynamics and conflict resolution strategies to promote the psychological well-being of young adults.

Components of well-being and distress that foster resilience in medical students

Introduction The shortage of medical professionals is becoming a nearly unsurmountable burden worldwide. Increasing uncertainties in the external environment require enhanced capacity for predicting future outcomes from the young adult population of medical students.ObjectivesTo find the level of resilience, the domains of psychological well-being and the symptoms of distress; and to identify associations between them in a cohort of medical students.MethodsData were collected in the 2022-23 academic year among Hungarian and English medical students at Semmelweis University. An online questionnaire was circulated via the official academic administration system (Neptun) with the incentive to provide personal results with available resources for those who requested it. Besides age and gender, we applied the short form of the Nicholson McBride Resilience Questionnaire (NMRQ), Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales (PWB), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Additional to descriptive statistics, univariate analyses as well as multiple regression analyses (SPSS v.24) were used. (Ethics permission No: BM/5326-2/2023).ResultsAltogether 318 students (132 Hungarians) filled the questionnaire, and 251 students requested personal answers. 114 males participated with a mean age slightly higher than that of females (24 (SD:4) ys vs 23 (SD:3) ys). Hungarians (H) demonstrated lower resilience (Mdn:37, IQR:32, 42) then international (I) students (Mdn: 41, IQR: 36, 47), U=15287, p<0.001. Both H and I students showed similar patterns on PWB, scoring highest on personal growth, purpose in life and positive relations with others; while reaching lowest scores on environmental mastery, and lower scores on autonomy and self-acceptance. However, they demonstrated differences in each of the domains (see table). Hungarian n=132 (Mn (SD)) International n=186 (Mn (SD)) t (316)pAutonomy (A)34 (7.9)36 (7.4)-2.80.004Environmental Mastery (EM)32 (8.4)34 (7.7)-2,10.04Personal Growth (PG)42 (5.6)40 (7.2)2.90.004Positive Relations (PR)41 (8.4)37 (7.7)4.6<0.001Purpose in Life (PL)42 (7.8)38 (8.0)3.5<0.001Self-Acceptance (SA)36 (10.4)36 (7.7)0.2n.s.Higher prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were found in I students. Multiple regression analyses resulted in statistically significant models for both H (F(11, 121)=19.6; p<0.001; R2=0.641) and I students (F(12, 143)=8.98; p<0.001; R2=0.430) indicating that EM (t=4.7; p<0.001), PL (t=--3.2; p=0.002), SA (t=4.2; p<0.001), A (t=2.9; p=0.005), and anxiety (t-4.06; p<0.001) significantly predicted the strength of resilience in H, while autonomy (t=4.9; p<0.001) proved to be significant predictor in case of I students.ConclusionsThese single-centre results need to be further clarified on national and international level to stimulate interventions for strengthening resilience through establishing a caring network by universities for the fragile population of medical students.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Self-report instruments measuring aspects of self for people living with dementia: A systematic literature review of psychosocial interventions.

A positive sense of self may be a key domain of psychological well-being for people living with dementia and therefore a legitimate target for psychosocial interventions in dementia care. Determining the effectiveness of such interventions often requires valid self-report instruments. This review aimed to investigate what aspects of self have been measured using self-report instruments in evaluating psychosocial interventions for people living with dementia and to explore the effectiveness of these interventions in terms of positive outcomes related to aspects of self. A systematic search of the literature using five electronic databases and one register (CENTRAL) was conducted. A narrative synthesis and methodological quality assessment was completed for the included studies. A total of 24 studies were included in the review. Seven aspects of self were measured using a range of self-report instruments, many of which have not been validated for dementia. Aspects of self were; self-esteem, self-efficacy, self-compassion, self-growth, self-acceptance, self-management, and self-identity. Studies included a variety of interventions; however, the effectiveness of these interventions for these aspects of self was mixed. There is some evidence that psychosocial interventions improve specific aspects of self in dementia but further research to improve this evidence base is needed. Future research should also investigate and confirm the validity and reliability of existing self-report instruments that aim to measure aspects of self in dementia. Limitations and implications of the review are discussed.

Female-Specific Refugee Trauma Impacting Psychological Wellbeing Post-Settlement: A Scoping Review of Research

Women represent approximately half of the refugee population, yet female-specific trauma pre, during, and after the refugee journey impacting post-settlement psychological wellbeing, is rarely explored. This scoping review described sources of evidence, key concepts, and gaps regarding traumatic experiences and the psychological wellbeing of women from refugee backgrounds following traumatic experiences with a particular interest in positive change post-settlement. Inclusion criteria were a) women from refugee backgrounds who experienced traumatic events throughout the refugee journey, and b) reported positive changes in their psychological wellbeing post-settlement. The systematic search strategy identified references from PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and CINAHL databases as well as Google Scholar across 1992–2023. Ten studies were extracted, and data were mapped to study characteristics, trauma characteristics, psychological wellbeing domains, and recommendations for further studies. Findings described an emphasis on qualitative methods, utilizing interviews as a data collection technique, and recruiting participants from countries of origin or host countries with typically small populations of women from refugee backgrounds. It excluded individuals with disabilities. Traumatic experiences were signified as trauma types (refugee trauma and female-specific trauma) and trauma durations (acute trauma and prolonged trauma). Psychological wellbeing domains of autonomy, personal growth, and positive relations were the most represented, and purpose in life and self-acceptance were the least represented across the studies. Studies suggested further exploration of female-specific refugee trauma and its impacts to provide tailored support services. In conclusion, there was a paucity of studies that considered the psychological implications of experiencing female-specific refugee trauma influencing positive psychological wellbeing.

Coping and psychological well-being among persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: The role of perceived self-efficacy

ObjectiveTo explore self-efficacy as a possible mediator in the relationship between adaptive coping and psychological well-being (PWB) in persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Method174 persons with RRMS (91% Female) completed an online survey consisting of psychosocial questionnaires. The COPE Inventory was used to create an adaptive coping composite that accounts for the relative contributions of both active and avoidant coping. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale. The Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scales captured several domains of PWB: Positive relations with others, autonomy, purpose in life, environmental mastery, self-acceptance, and personal growth. The SPSS PROCESS macro was used to test whether self-efficacy mediated the association between adaptive coping and each PWB subscale, using 5,000 bootstrap samples to estimate confidence intervals. ResultsIn each mediational model, adaptive coping was significantly associated with each PWB subscale and self-efficacy (all p’s ≤ 0.001). Self-efficacy was also significantly associated with each PWB subscale (p ≤ 0.001). After controlling for self-efficacy, the associations between adaptive coping and positive relations with others (indirect effect = 0.021, 95% CI [0.011, 0.033]) and autonomy (indirect effect = 0.019, 95% CI [0.011, 0.028]) became non-significant. The separate associations between adaptive coping and purpose in life (p = .004), self-acceptance (p = .026), and personal growth (p < .001) remained significant, despite controlling for self-efficacy. ConclusionsSelf-efficacy fully mediated the relationships between adaptive coping and positive relations with others and autonomy in our sample of persons with RRMS. Interventions aimed at increasing adaptive coping skills and self-efficacy may improve relations with others and autonomy among persons with MS.

Impact of Gratitude and Optimism on Psychological Well-Being

The paper was conducted with the aim to find correlation among Gratitude, Optimism and Psychological Well-being and to find what predicts the psychological well-being the most. Gratitude brings satisfaction and positivity by acknowledging the good in one's life. Optimism equips individuals with the resilience to face adversity and maintain a positive outlook on the future. Both gratitude and optimism play pivotal roles in nurturing and strengthening interpersonal relationships, a critical component of psychological well-being. Research into Optimism, Gratitude and Psychological wellbeing domains was performed. The sample size of 80 was taken (54 belonging to early adulthood and 26 belonging to middle adulthood). Tests like Psychological Well-Being Scale, Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and Gratitude, Resentment and Appreciation Scale (GRAT) were used to collect sample data. The results pointed out that Optimism and Psychological Well-being correlation was higher for middle adulthood than early adulthood individuals. Moreover, it could also be derived that Positive Psychological wellbeing can be derived when the person is optimistic in nature

Employment and higher education in young adults with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional analysis of the SPARCLE study

IntroductionFor young people with disabilities, access to higher education and employment should lead to improved personal self-esteem and well-being and, in the long run, to increased inclusion in society. Our...

The Psychological Wellbeing among the Adults Raised in Children’s Homes in Kenya

The institutionalisation of children has been seen to increase the risk for emotional, developmental, cognitive and attachment disorders later in life. Transitioning out of institutionalised care and integrating into the outside world has been found to be a difficult experience for many care leavers. Some of them are not prepared to face the outside world, feel neglected and lack a support system. Some may experience socio-emotional distress owing to a lack of necessary social skills in life outside the institutions. The study purposed to assess the psychological wellbeing of adults who were raised in children’s homes and other institutional care in Kenya and had since transitioned out. The descriptive survey design was employed to undertake the quantitative data with a census approach used to sample 294 (F =154, M =140) respondents. Ryff’s scale of psychological wellbeing was the adapted research tool for data collection. The study results revealed that environmental mastery (M =23.46, SD = 7.47) was the highest-scored domain of psychological wellbeing. This was followed by personal growth (M = 23.14; SD = 7.52) and then purpose to life (M =20.74, SD = 6.58). The study had a mean of 21.31 (SD = 7.15), interpreted as being moderate psychological wellbeing among the care leavers. Based on the findings, organisations that support care leavers ought to create awareness and offer psychological support to care leavers. They can also collaborate with children’s homes and other stakeholders to offer periodic training on promoting psychological wellbeing among children in care and care leavers. This is especially so in regard to the poorly scored domains such as personal growth, autonomy, and self-acceptance

A - 79 Coping and Psychological Well-Being among Persons with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: the Role of Self-Efficacy.

To explore self-efficacy as a possible mediator in the relationship between adaptive coping and psychological well-being (PWB) in persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). 174 persons with RRMS (95% Female) completed an online survey consisting of psychosocial questionnaires. The COPE Inventory was used to create an adaptive coping composite that accounts for the relative contributions of both active and avoidant coping. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale. The Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scales captured several domains of PWB: Positive relations with others, autonomy, purpose in life, self-acceptance, and personal growth. The SPSS PROCESS macro was used to test whether self-efficacy mediated the association between adaptive coping and each PWB subscale, using 5000 bootstrap samples to estimate confidence intervals. In each mediational model, adaptive coping significantly predicted each PWB subscale and self-efficacy (all p's ≤ 0.001). Self-efficacy significantly predicted each PWB subscale (p ≤ 0.001). After controlling for self-efficacy, the associations between adaptive coping and positive relations with others (indirect effect = 0.021, 95% CI [0.011, 0.033]) and autonomy (indirect effect = 0.019, 95% CI [0.011, 0.028]) became non-significant. The separate associations between adaptive coping and purpose in life (p = 0.004), self-acceptance (p = 0.026), and personal growth (p < 0.001) remained significant, despite controlling for self-efficacy. Self-efficacy fully mediated the relationships between adaptive coping and positive relations with others and autonomy in our sample of persons with RRMS. Interventions aimed at increasing adaptive coping skills and self-efficacy may improve relations with others and autonomy among persons with MS.

An Exploratory Factor analysis Examining Psychological correlates among Females

The working status of women provides them with a different psychological foundation than non-working women. Literature is evident that there is an immense difference between working and non-working women, especially the psychological factors affecting them. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the difference between working and non-working women on the basis of psychological factors mainly quality of life, psychological well-being, self-esteem and perceived stress. Methods: Cross sectional research design was employed to measure the psychological factors of working and non-working women in the age group of 25 to 45 years. The sample size was recruited as 600 by power analysis, with 305 working and 295 non-working women. Data collection was conducted using WHO-QOL-BREf, Ryff’s Psychological well-being scale, Rosenberg’s Self-esteem scale and Cohen’s perceived stress scale. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, independent T-test and factor analysis. Results: Findings of the study revealed that working women are higher on social and environmental quality of life and environmental mastery, positive relations with others and self-acceptance domains of psychological well-being than non-working women. The psychological variables are significantly correlated and significant factor loadings were for environmental mastery and social quality of life for working women and self-acceptance domain of psychological well-being, social and physical quality of life for non-working women. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there is a significant difference between working women and non-working women for the psychological correlates. In addition, the psychological variables are significantly influencing one another and the most effective influence is environmental mastery and social quality of life for working women and self-acceptance and social and physical quality of life for non-working women. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.22 (Special Issue) 2023 p.106-115

ASSOCIATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL AND FEEDING CHARACTERISTICS WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG CAREGIVERS OF DISABLED CHILDREN IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

Children with disabilities are dependent on caregivers. With various clinical and feeding issues with susceptibility to malnutrition, more strength, motivation and attention are required in their parenthood journey. Such special challenges may disrupt the life of the caregivers which can consequently affect their overall quality of life (QOL). This paper evaluates the association between sociodemographic factors, child’s clinical and feeding characteristics with the caregivers’ QOL. A total of 174 caregivers were involved in this cross-sectional study which was conducted in 46 community-based rehabilitation centres (CBR) across Terengganu state. The validated Malay Version World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to assess the QOL based on four principle domains. General linear regression was applied to analyse the association between QOL impact score and study factors. The lowest QOL median score obtained was for environmental support domain 64.61 (12.26) followed by physical health domain 65.04 (12.72), psychological wellbeing domain 68.98 (13.01) and social relationship domain 75.15 (14.82). Caregivers with lower income, having children with other diseases despite current disability, experience with child seizure’s episodes and child unable to tolerate family meals had significantly lowered the caregiver’s QOL score. Both caregivers and children’s characteristics contributed to the negatively affected QOL score that consequently will contribute to the increased in the prevalence of malnutrition among disabled children.

Perceived advantages and disadvantages of organized sport and exercise activities in a Greek refugee camp: A qualitative approach

Human made conflicts and natural disasters led to a doubling of forced displacement in the past 10 years (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2022). Forcibly displaced people are generally challenged with severe mental and physical strains before, during and after their flight. Whereas forcibly displaced people show high levels of resilience (Dangmann et al., 2021), their risk of mental health struggles is markedly increased (Mesa-Vieira et al., 2022). The objective of this study was to explore the perception of regular participation in a co-designed and tailored sport and exercise intervention among adults living in a Greek refugee camp. The methodological approach relied on ethnography including informal discussions and participative observations. Data was collected and documented daily in a research diary over a period of eight months. Additionally, debrief meetings with the coaches (4 women and 4 men) were held regularly. These insights built the basis for a critical understanding and interpretation of 13 focus group discussions (n = 49, 19 women) and 38 self-recorded testimonies (17 women). Focus group discussions were conducted after a 10-week physical activity intervention period. The same participants were asked, after a 10-week follow-up, to provide a self-recorded testimony. Overall, 58 (55.8%) of the participants took part in the physical activities on a regular basis. Regular participation benefitted domains of psychological well-being, social cohesion, personal competencies, change in behavior and physiological health. However, some of the same domains were likewise negatively affected for certain participants, namely social cohesion and physiological health. The results indicate that organized sport and exercise activities have the potential to positively impact the living conditions of adults living in a Greek refugee camp. However, participation is not imperatively beneficial and only a specific target population can be addressed.&#x0D; References&#x0D; Dangmann, C., Solberg, Ø., Myhrene Steffenak, A. K., Høye, S., &amp; Andersen, P. N. (2021). Syrian refugee youth resettled in Norway: Mechanisms of resilience influencing health-related quality of life and mental distress. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, Article 711451. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.711451&#x0D; Mesa-Vieira, C., Haas, A. D., Buitrago-Garcia, D., Roa-Diaz, Z. M., Minder, B., Gamba, M., Salvador, D., Gomez, D., Lewis, M., Gonzalez-Jaramillo, W. C., Pahud de Mortanges, A., Buttia, C., Muka, T., Trujillo, N., &amp; Franco, O. H. (2022). Mental health of migrants with pre-migration exposure to armed conflict: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Public Health, 7(5), e469-e481. https://doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00061-5&#x0D; United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2022). Global Trends. Forced Displacement in 2021. Retrieved from https://www.unhcr.org/publications/brochures/62a9d1494/global-trends-report-2021.html

Relationship between health-related quality of life and physical fitness in Norwegian adolescents.

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness in 14-year-old adolescents. Norwegian adolescents (N = 1985) carried out a 10-min running test to assess cardiorespiratory fitness and three different muscular fitness tests (handgrip, sit-ups, and standing broad jump) and answered the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire to provide HRQoL data. Linear-mixed effect models were applied to detect relationships among the variables. Running-test results were positively associated with higher scores in the following KIDSCREEN domains: physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and parent relationships, and school environment (β = 0.01-0.04; p < .01 for all). Performance in sit-ups test was positively associated with higher scores in three out of five KIDSCREEN domains: physical well-being (β = 0.31; p < .001), social support and peers (β = 0.16; p = .023), and school environment scores (β = 0.19; p = .006). An inverse association was found between the handgrip test results and the score on psychological well-being domain (β = -0.10; p = .013). The associations between HRQoL and physical fitness were trivial (abdominal strength and handgrip strength) to small (CRF) but confirmed that earlier findings from children also are applied to adolescents. Explosive strength in the lower body showed no association with HRQoL. Further research should investigate the direction of causality. Clinicaltrials.gov ID nr: NCT03817047. Registered 01/25/2019 'retrospectively registered'.

Perceived posttraumatic growth after interpersonal trauma and subsequent well-being among young Colombian adults: A longitudinal analysis.

Research has shown that people sometimes report self-perceived growth as a result of dealing with a potentially traumatic event, but relatively few methodologically rigorous studies have examined whether perceived posttraumatic growth is associated with improved subsequent well-being across a wide range of outcomes. In this three-wave longitudinal study of Colombian emerging adults (n = 636), we examined the associations of perceived posttraumatic growth with 17 well-being outcomes across domains of psychological well-being (i.e., self-rated mental health, meaning in life, sense of purpose, happiness, life satisfaction), psychological distress (i.e., anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, subjective suffering), social well-being (i.e., content with relationships, satisfying relationships, loneliness), physical well-being (i.e., self-rated physical health, sleep quality), and character strengths (i.e., state hope, trait forgivingness, orientation to promote good, delayed gratification). Using an outcome-wide analytic design that adjusted for a range of covariates assessed in Wave 1, we found that overall perceived posttraumatic growth assessed in Wave 2 was robustly associated with improvements in one or more facet of each well-being domain (15/17 outcomes in total) assessed approximately six months later in Wave 3. Our findings suggest that perceived posttraumatic growth may contribute to individual well-being over the longer-term.

Healthy Ageing in Low and Middle-Income Countries; A Systematic Scoping Review

Healthy ageing is a new paradigm that describes the possibility of better ageing experience in contrast to the traditional notion of ageing. The aim of this scoping review was to map literature on healthy ageing in the context of low and middle-income countries (LMICs). A five-step scoping review procedure was used to synthesise the conceptualisation of healthy ageing and its measurement approach and to summarise key evidences on healthy ageing. Our descriptive summary analysis shows that the majority of the studies conceptualised healthy ageing under physical capabilities, cognitive functions, metabolic and physiological health and psychological well-being domains with more of objective measurement approach. We identified a number of studies that can be relevant to consider for public health policy. Future research should also focus on neurobiological ageing aspects as such studies were found to be very rare in the review. Our review identified that there is limited number of studies conducted in some LMICs where the growth of population ageing is an emerging concern.

COVID-19 pandemic-related anxiety, stress, and depression among teachers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

As millions of teachers have been forced to rely upon remote teaching due to the closure of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is particularly important to understand the extent to which teacher's psychological wellbeing has been affected by this global health crisis. The aim of this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was twofold: 1) ascertain the prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among teachers during the COVID-19 outbreak; 2) identify the associated factors of these psychological wellbeing domains of the teachers. Academic Search Premier, Eric, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles published from December 2019 and July 2021, using search terms including "COVID-19" "anxiety" "depression" "stress", and "teachers". This study included 54 studies synthesising data from 256,896 teachers across 22 countries. The meta-analysis showed higher prevalence of stress (62.6%, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 46.1-76.6), compared to anxiety (36.3%, 95% CI: 28.5-44.9) and depression (59.9%, 95% CI: 43.4-74.4) among teachers. Teachers' experiences of these psychological issues were associated with various socio-demographic and institutional factors, including gender, nature of online teaching, job satisfaction, teaching experience, and the volume of workload. Additionally, several protective factors, such as regular exercises and provision of technical support for online teaching, reduced teachers' negative psychological experiences. There is a need for authorities to formulate educational policies to improve teachers' wellbeing at the time of global crisis. Special attention should be paid to assist female teachers in overcoming physical and mental stressors.

Exploring the Role of Social Connectedness and Health Anxiety in Predicting Psychological Well-being

Background: Due to COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing was taken as one of the precautionary measure in India. Uncertainty about signs and symptoms, modes of transmission, and lack of definite treatment of COVID-19 have put the mental health of people in India at risk. This study was carried out to explore the role of connectedness, affiliation, and companionship factors of social connectedness and health anxiety in predicting psychological well-being and its components. Method: This study was carried out on 317 Indian adults recruited through convenience sampling method during July 2020 to November 2020. Hypotheses were tested using linear regression methods. Results: Companionship predicted 1.9% and 7.7% of variance in autonomy and environmental mastery, respectively. Affiliation predicted 6.7% variance in personal growth. Connectedness and companionship explained 26.8% variance of positive relationships with others and 16.1% of self-acceptance. Health anxiety predicted 6.3%, 6.8, 6.7%, 8.3%, and 9% variance of autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relationship with others, and self-acceptance, respectively. Conclusion: “Connectedness” and “companionship” were the significant predictors of “positive relationships with others” and “self-acceptance.” “Companionship” predicted “autonomy” and “environmental mastery,” whereas “personal growth” was predicted by “affiliation.” Health anxiety predicted all domains of psychological well-being except purpose of life.