Psychological Patterns Research Articles

Может ли Единый государственный экзамен быть эффективным инструментом отбора абитуриентов в вузы (содержательные аспекты)?

The subject of the research in this article is the content of the Unified State Exam (USE), as well as an assessment of its ability to serve as a tool for selecting applicants to universities. Among the methods used in the research, the results of which formed the basis of this article, is the method of social experiment. Its essence is that the author of the study tried to pass the training versions of the Unified State Exam in social studies, and also looked at a number of tasks on the Unified State Exam in other disciplines. During the study, it was found that there are a number of tasks on the Unified State Exam, to which the correct answer is in principle impossible and the correctness of which is determined entirely at the discretion of the compilers of this test (the so-called ‘failed tasks’). Examples of these tasks are given. Given the absence of a real result in the USE certificates of knowledge by applicants of certain sections of the school course, which are associated with sections of the university course in a particular field of study, as well as due to the presence of ‘failed tasks’, it is concluded that the USE is ineffective as a tool for selecting applicants to universities. In some cases, ambiguous interpretations of certain concepts, especially in the field of social sciences, are not taken into account when compiling tasks for the Unified State Exam. Also, the compilers of the Unified State Exam ignore the psychological patterns of such an exam, which leads to so-called "gaps in thinking" among exam takers. Therefore, the results of the Unified State Exam do not always reflect the real knowledge of applicants. The ways of improving the USE procedure in social and humanitarian disciplines (history, social studies) are proposed.

"Understanding Consumer intellect: Examining the Psychological Patterns of Buying Behavior

"Understanding Consumer intellect: Examining the Psychological Patterns of Buying Behavior

The Application of Big Data Technology in Teaching College Students’ Mental Health Education in Colleges and Universities

Abstract Advances in big data technology herald a new era for mental health education in higher education, offering novel solutions to age-old challenges in student psychological care. This paper investigates how big data’s analytical capabilities can surpass traditional, one-size-fits-all mental health assessments by leveraging detailed student data for personalized care. We applied data mining techniques to the mental health data of 1,200 students from College G, creating a rich database of psychological patterns and a mental health information exchange platform. The analysis led to the identification of 500 instances of psychological distress with an accuracy of 79.5% and unveiled patterns linking academic stress and adjustment difficulties to mental health issues. Our research underscores big data’s role in enhancing mental health interventions, providing the groundwork for more individualized and effective mental health services in academic settings.

Evaluation of offensive and defensive agility depending on the type of visual cue and personal decision-making styles in basketball

Background: The specific goal was to determine the level and differences in the performance of reactive agility (RA) depending on the type of visual stimulus and to identify the role of selected psychological patterns in the decision-making process. Method: 13 female basketball players (17.12 ± 1.09 years; mean BW 58.17 kg ± 7.68 kg; mean BH 1.73 ± 0.11, BMI 19.53 ± 3.86) playing top Slovak junior league. The diagnosis of specific game reactions was carried out using a Y-shaped reaction agility test. The stimulus for the action effect was a light direction indicator and a video sequence. Decision-making style was assessed using the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (MDMQ). Results: The significance of the differences between offensive actions according to the type of stimulus was revealed by statistically significant differences between offensive reaction agility to a light stimulus and a stimulus with a contextual stimulus, and also in the case of defensive actions. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between offensive and defensive skills in the light stimulus, between the performance in offensive skills in the light stimulus, between the two types of defensive agility (light and video) and in the context stimulus, and a correlation between vigilance and both offensive activities was also found. Conclusion: The player's sensorimotor mechanisms are different depending on the type of stimulus, not on the type of actions, which leads to the conclusion that specific contextual information can lead to faster and more accurate decisions during the game 1:1 and improve the timing of action effects.

Психологические корреляты кинопредпочтений в ситуации пандемии COVID-19

The article presents the results of an empirical research, continuing the series of our works in the field of psychology of film, aimed at acquiring new information about the psychological patterns of how movies are chosen. We studied the relation between psychological characteristics of the individuals, the specifics of their psychological response, and the movie choices they made in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 1,109 individuals took part in the online survey during the quarantine period (May-June 2020). Data from 811 participants (283 male and 528 female) were selected for analysis. Almost half of the participants (46.1%) started watching movies more often in quarantine. Measures: The Original Movie Pre fe rences Measure, TIPI-RU Big Five Short Test, Coping Strategies Indicator by J. Ami rkhan, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by Ch. Spielberger. It was found that the choice of films during the quarantine restrictions was determined

Связь педагогического мышления с личностными характеристиками учителя

The article generalizes the findings of a long-term research that identifies the relationship of pedagogical thinking and personal characteristics of teachers. The study is based on a theo­retical generalization of empirical data gathered via the use of psychodiagnostic procedures, including ones that were devised by the author and passed psychometric testing. For the first time, the article provides an overview of 16 PhD research works targeted at identifying the features of pedagogical thinking at all levels of education, including preschool, school, higher,
 postgraduate, and continuing education. The research focuses on the issues of psychological mechanisms and patterns that interlink a teacher’s personal characteristics and the features of pedagogical thinking. It is demonstrated that the move from the situational to the supersituational level of problem solving is the primary psychological mechanism for the professionali­zation of pedagogical thinking. This benefits not just the teacher’s performance but also their deve­lopment. The emergence of new personal formations leads to the alignment of the teacher’s professional and personal growth and raises their degree of thinking resourcefulness. The research enables the development of this concept as a system of generalized empirical results presented as a collection of theoretical ideas about the professionalization of teachers’ thinking, which is necessary to enhance the educational process.

Parents’ perceptions of sending their children to primary school during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dhaka North City (DNC), Bangladesh

Like other developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has seriously affected the public’s mental and physical health in Bangladesh. People, especially, in the country’s capital city, Dhaka, have suffered as a serious consequence of the pandemic in various ways, for instance, fear, stress, sadness, isolation, and loneliness. The study investigates parents’ perceptions of sending their children to kindergarten or primary school during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dhaka North City (DNCC), Bangladesh. The research employs several qualitative tools for answering the stated questions and objectives. Adopting a purposive sampling procedure, 30 informants from two wards were selected in the DNC area. We examine the “Field Theory” approach developed by Brager and Holloway to prepare the interview guide administered to these 30 informants. Apart from in-depth interviews, the study utilizes focus group discussions (FGDs) to obtain comprehensive data from them. The study reveals that parents have various perceptions about sending their children to school during the COVID-19 pandemic, making decisions based on psychological state, behavior patterns, quality education, and school safety measures. Parents feel insecure about sending their children to school as the institutional authorities are unaware of sanitizing the premises. As well, quality education greatly concerns the parents making such decisions about sending their children to school. The study recommends that the government, school authorities, and guardians take safety measures seriously inside the homes and the schools’ premises to help ensure children can safely attend primary schools.

PERKEMBANGAN MASA BAYI

Abstract. The baby's social emotional development must be a parent's main goal, because if social emotional development does not go well it will affect and hinder other developments such as psychomotor, emotional and other baby development. This research uses a method called critical review, which involves careful examination and evaluation of various sources of information, such as scientific journals, articles, and other media. The main goal of this approach is to improve readers' comprehension and interpretation skills in the field of early childhood development. Infancy is a time of rapid growth and change, infancy is a time of reduced dependency. The developmental tasks of infancy throughout the life span are, learning to eat solid food, learning to walk, learning to talk, learning to control the elimination of body waste, learning sexual differences and procedures, preparing to read, and learning to distinguish right from wrong, and starting to develop conscience. The development of patterns in the changes experienced by individuals since they were still in the womb over a certain life span, namely, weight, height, physical proportions, bones, muscles and fat, body shape, teeth, nervous system, and development of the sense organs. The psychological function of infancy is the period of formation of fundamental psychological patterns for eating, sleeping, and toileting, although the formation of these habits may not be complete by the end of infancy.

The experience of approbation and empirical substantiation of the ecopsychological model of subjectivity development in educational practice

The paperpresents a brief summary of the results of theoretical approbation and empirical substantiation of V.I. Panovsecopsychological model of subjectivity development, obtained during the 20162022 studies carried out on samples of students (N=897), students of the Pedagogical Institute (N=379) and teachers of schools in Vladimir (N=196). The choice of the model is due to the need to solve the central task of educational practice stated by the Federal State Educational Standard at all levels - the development of students ability to be a subject of educational activity. The ecopsychological model of subjectivity development, invariant to the subject content, allows us to consider the gradual subjectivity development at the theoretical and empirical levels in the context of ecopsychological interactions in the "student teacher/educational environment" system. The analysis and comparison of the results obtained in different years on different samples revealed a number of patterns of development of the subject of educational, educational and professional activity: violation of the process of transferring components of educational activity from teacher to student, the return of a third of 11th grade students to reproductive methods of activity (low stages of subjectivity), the deficit of subject-generating interactions in educational environments in assessment of students, etc. The results obtained on student samples are characteristic of the traditional method of training future teachers, focused on the transfer of knowledge in the subject area. The experimental verification of the ecopsychological model on a sample of teachers implementing the regional innovative project "Organizational and psychological-pedagogical conditions for subjectivity development of participants in the educational process" confirmed the validity of the choice of the ecopsychological model of the development of the subject of pedagogical activity. Theoretical substantiation and empirical verification of the ideas of the ecopsychological approach allows us to assert that the ecopsychological model of the formation of subjectivity by V.I. Panov objectifies the realities of educational practice, differentiates ideas about interactions in the "student educational environment" system, allows us to identify the degree of orientation to the psychological patterns of student development, and serves as the basis for the development of a psychodidactic model of learning in accordance with ecopsychological stages of subjectivity development.

Comparing counseling outcome for college students: Metaverse and in-person approaches

ABSTRACT Objective This study compared metaverse counseling with in-person counseling, using in-person counseling as a comparison group. To achieve this, we assessed whether metaverse counseling, a novel treatment approach, is comparable to traditional in-person counseling. Method: A total of 60 participants voluntarily participated in the study. Among the participants, 28 preferred in-person counseling, whereas 32 selected metaverse counseling as their preferred treatment option. Results and Conclusion: The findings indicated no statistically significant differences in the psychological symptom change patterns between the two counseling modalities. Both metaverse and in-person counseling demonstrated a common pattern of reduced symptom levels from pre-to post-session (Metaverse counseling Cohen’s d = 1.04, In-person counseling Cohen’s d = .62), which remained stable from post-session to follow-up regardless of the chosen counseling modality. Furthermore, the study revealed that the metaverse counseling group exhibited a higher level of working alliances than the in-person counseling group. Additionally, there was a slight tendency toward higher levels of counseling satisfaction in the metaverse counseling group than in the in-person counseling group. The results of this study support the use of synchronous metaverse programs to treat college students. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed. (195 words)

Psychological distress in subsequent pregnancy among women with a history of pregnancy loss: A latent profile analysis

BackgroundWomen who have undergone pregnancy loss can experience a range of psychological distress during subsequent pregnancies; however, the outcomes may vary based on individual circumstances. ObjectiveTo explore the potential patterns of psychological distress for pregnant women with a history of pregnancy loss, and to investigate the impact of factors related to pregnancy loss on these patterns. MethodsFrom October 2022 to August 2023, the participants were recruited from four medical centers in Guangdong Province, China. They completed a questionnaire survey comprising sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, the Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Pregnancy-related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Latent profile analysis was used to determine optimal patterns of psychological distress. The logistic regression was conducted to assess the associations between the number of pregnancy loss, types of pregnancy loss, inter-pregnancy interval, and distinct psychological distress patterns. ResultsA total of 446 pregnant women with a history of pregnancy loss were included for formal analysis. Three distinct profiles were identified, namely the "mild psychological distress" (34.1 %), "moderate psychological distress" (57.8 %), and "severe psychological distress" (8.1 %). Recurrent pregnancy loss was associated with increased risks of both moderate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.45, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.42–4.24; P = 0.001) and severe psychological distress (aOR 2.93, 95 %CI: 1.25–6.83; P = 0.013). Furthermore, compared to women who conceived after 6 months of pregnancy loss, those who conceived within 6 months of pregnancy loss were more likely to be categorized into the group of moderate psychological distress (aOR 2.00, 95 % CI: 1.21–3.30; P = 0.007). ConclusionsApproximately two-thirds of pregnant women with a history of pregnancy loss exhibit moderate to severe psychological distress. Such individuals could benefit from early screening and targeted psychological interventions, particularly those who have encountered recurrent pregnancy loss and those who conceive shortly after a pregnancy loss.

The Cost-Benefit of Aging: Financial Capability and Well-Being across Age Groups in Brazil.

A large proportion of older persons in developing countries do not have access to pension, which also constrains their ability to afford healthcare services and entails extensive challenges to the well-being of older people. This study aimed to analyze the financial preparedness of different age groups for retirement in Brazil. Data were derived from a survey to empirically validate the proposed relationships between preparedness for retirement and resilience for the future (financial well-being (FWB) outcomes) on the one hand and among demographic and socioeconomic aspects, behaviors and attitudes, knowledge and experience, and "key" psychological factors on the other hand. The sample consisted of 412 individuals aged between 22 and 79 years. FWB was measured using the financial capability and well-being model and regressed on a number of sociodemographic and psychological variables using linear regression analyses. The results demonstrated that preparedness for retirement was strongly related to older age. Additionally, age was correlated with resilience for the future close to zero, which indicates no relationship. Knowledge and the psychological factors of self-control and confidence were positively and strongly related to better financial behavior for all age groups. In addition, grit and resilience for the future were positively related to better financial behavior in the older age group. Furthermore, the variables of retirement contribution were seemingly not viewed as important to the older group compared with their young and mature counterparts. Multidimensional interventions, especially targeting behaviors and psychological patterns, could, therefore, be recommended in advance to young and mature groups to prepare them to secure their old age and achieve FWB.

“Bu Televizyonda Gördüğüm Terapi Değil”: Medya Temsilleri, Psikoloji ve Türkiye'de Terapi Uygulamalarındaki Değişim

Despite increasing engagement with digital platforms, television, especially within Turkish entertainment culture, keeps its principal position. The most debated TV programs are those covering psychological issues. The interpersonal relationships covered by the psychology-related serials on Turkish television are praised by the audience. However, because the behaviors and attitudes of psychologists/psychiatrists seem not to be professional and because the way they hold their therapy sessions is very rare, these serials also are harshly criticized by mental health professionals. This article aims to analyze the representation of mental health professionals in Turkish TV serials, try to answer how psychologists/psychiatrists find their fictionalized images, and if these media contents increased the interest in psychology. The article is based on a descriptive study. The relationship between the increasing number of psychological serials and the interest in psychology is analyzed through the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. The results suggest that increasing numbers of psychological serials positively correlate with the interest in psychology. The outcomes also suggest that the increasing number of psychological soap operas on Turkish TV channels is related to a high understanding of psychology, that psychology-related scenarios will be handled by directors in more detail, and that both the audience and psychology professionals are aware of the psychological scenes and patterns on the screens. Nonetheless, although mental health professionals are pleased with the interest they receive through TV programs, some found psychology-related TV shows capable enough to represent psychology in the Turkish media to some extent while some others think that the representation of their profession is either inadequate or amateurish.

The Dark Side of Fun: Understanding Dark Patterns and Literacy Needs in Early Childhood Mobile Gaming

Play has always been recognized as an essential aspect of human development, particularly during early childhood, as it contributes to learning, the formation of meanings, and experiencing the world. In today's digitalized society, early childhood education has increasingly integrated digital media into its practices, both in schools and at the family level. Mobile digital games (MDG) have received significant attention due to their impact on children's interactions, play, and learning. However, as young children engage more with MDGs, concerns about problem gaming have arisen, referring to conflicts and issues that emerge from game playing within everyday sociocultural contexts. Scholars such as Zagal et al. (2013) have identified certain game design patterns as "dark", which can be considered unethical as they manipulate players against their best interests. Given the prevalence of mobile gaming in early childhood, studying these dark patterns becomes even more crucial. This study aims to investigate the presence of dark patterns in MDG for young children (0-5 years old), through qualitative analysis. The five most popular free games for this age range on App Store (February 2023) were analysed, particularly focusing on the presence of temporal, monetary, social, and/or psychological dark patterns. The analysis uncovers the presence of temporal, monetary, and psychological dark patterns, including aesthetic manipulations, paywalls, and periodic rewards resembling gambling elements. The games also employ advertising strategies and engagement tactics that challenge young children's navigation. Parental control mechanisms offer limited safeguards, requiring continuous monitoring and parental involvement in play dynamics. The study highlights the importance of adult media and digital literacy in supporting children's online play effectively, while also emphasising the responsibility of game designers and developers to create healthier and less risky game experiences.

健康受試者的＂艱難抉擇＂

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
 以新冠疫苗I期試驗的健康受試者為研究對象，基於深度訪談和虛擬民族志研究方法，採用NVivo11軟體進行編碼分析，發現健康受試者的參與動機多為積極動機，在抉擇過程中曾面臨內外矛盾而深陷糾結與掙扎。文章歸納出新冠疫苗受試者抉擇過程不同階段的動機與行為特點，即：萌生想法——躍躍欲試的受試者；進退狐疑——踽踽獨行的受試者；備受煎熬——忐忑不安的受試者；解惑釋疑——篤定前行的受試者。旨在真實地還原健康受試者的抉擇過程，消除社會偏見，為健康受試者和I期試驗去除污名，提升公眾的認知，增强健康受試者的認同感和歸屬感。
 Taking the Phase I trial of the 2019-nCoV vaccine as a case study, this paper examines the motivational and psychological development and behavioral patterns of healthy volunteers who participate in different phases of clinical trials for vaccines. The findings of a series of in-depth interviews and virtual ethnographical studies show that participation in a clinical trial such as that for the 2019-nCoV vaccine is a difficult choice for volunteers, as it entails exposure not only to medical risks but also to social prejudice. The paper provides a detailed account of how the volunteers for the Phase I 2019-nCoV vaccine trials made their choice to participate and how they overcame various doubts and fears to serve as responsible research partners.

Physical, psychological and biochemical recovery from anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism: a scoping review.

Hypogonadism can result following anabolic steroid abuse. The duration and degree of recovery from anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism (ASIH) is immensely variable, and there is a paucity of prospective controlled data characterising the trajectory of natural recovery following cessation. This poses difficulties for users trying to stop androgen abuse, and clinicians wanting to assist them. The objective of this paper was to synthesise evidence on the physical, psychological and biochemical patterns of ASIH recovery. We present the pathophysiology of ASIH through a literature review of hypothalamic-pituitary-testosterone axis recovery in supraphysiological testosterone exposure. This is followed by a scoping review of relevant observational and interventional studies published on PubMed and finally, a conclusion that is an easy reference for clinicians helping patients that are recovering from AAS abuse. Results indicate that ASIH recovery depends on age and degree of androgen abuse, with physical changes like testicular atrophy expected to have near full recovery over months to years; spermatogenesis expected to achieve full recovery over months to years; libido returning to baseline over several months (typically less potent than during AAS use); and recovery from gynaecomastia being unlikely. For psychological recovery, data are insufficient and conflicting, indicating a transient withdrawal period which may be followed by persisting longer-term milder symptoms. For biochemical recovery, near complete recovery of testosterone is seen over months, and complete gonadotropin recovery is expected over 3-6 months. Further prospective studies are indicated to more closely describe patterns of recovery.

Учебная мотивация и отчуждение от учения как предикторы выбора образовательных траекторий

<p>A large body of studies on the choice of educational trajectories is aimed at identifying the role of the family, socio-economic status, and place of residence. But the psychological patterns of preferences for educational trajectories have received less attention. Current study is aimed at identifying motivational predictors. The study presents an analysis of data obtained from 1914 schoolchildren studying in 9 classes, living in the urban (952 people) and rural areas (962 people) aged 14 to 16 years (M=15.33, SD=0.49), 57% - girls. As a result of the study, it was found that the orientation towards higher education is determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Orientation to receive secondary vocational education is associated with amotivation and alienation from study. Schoolchildren living in rural areas tend to settle down and are more oriented towards education, both secondary vocational and higher.</p>

Studying the dynamics of interrelations between styles and types of thinking of professionals in the context of higher medical education

Introduction. The relevance of studying professional thinking in the context of higher medical education is determined by theoretical and practical significance of the problem, which has an epistemological, not ontological nature: the formation of doctor’s professional clinical thinking. The article presents the findings of an empirical study of psychological patterns underlying the correlation between styles and types of thinking among medical students, attending physicians, and doctors in academic and professional activities. The purpose of the article is to identify the dynamics of relationships between styles and types of thinking among doctors at different stages of their professional development. Materials and Methods. Stylistic and typological features of doctors’ thinking were established by analyzing acmeological and psychological mechanisms of professionals’ creative thinking in the context of a metacognitive approach. Based on the resource approach to understanding the phenomenon of professional thinking, clinical thinking is considered as the highest cognitive process of searching, detecting and resolving problems, identifying externally unspecified, implicit properties of the cognizable and transformed medical situation. The following methods were used: A.K. Belousova’s ‘Styles of thinking inventory’ and V.A. Ganzen, K.B. Malyshev, L.V. Oginets’s ‘Method of identifying the type of thinking and the level of creativity’. Results. The authors have revealed the interrelation between styles and types of thinking of medical students, attending physicians and doctors. It was established that the dominant type and style of medical students, attending physicians and doctors’ thinking are the imaginative type of thinking and the practical style of thinking. The authors clarified and described the dynamics of interrelations between thinking styles and types in medical students, attending physicians and doctors. It varies depending on the stage of doctor’s professionalization. The psychological peculiarities of typical and stylistic characteristics of doctor's thinking were revealed. The authors summarized the connection of doctors' creative abilities with leading styles and types of thinking and described the resources of professionalization of clinical thinking. Conclusions. The article presents the understanding of doctor’s professional thinking as a type of thinking, whose laws are based on general laws of thinking, but follow the specifics of medical activities. It is shown that the connections between the styles and types of doctor’s thinking acquire quantitative and qualitative peculiarities at the certain stages of doctor’s professional development.

The Patterns of Influence: LIWC Analysis of Leading News Portals' Impact and Communication Accommodation Theory on Twitter

A quantitative analysis was conducted on the tweets of 20 leading Serbian mass media outlets and their followers during the three months from January 1 to March 30, 2021. The analysis, that encompassed more than 1 million tweets, was conducted using (a) Twitter API, (b) the Serbian version of LIWC linguistic dictionary, and (c) additional statistical analyses. Analyses revealed that words related to affective processes (negative emotions), social processes (family and friends), perceptual processes (feel and hear), and personal concerns (work and religion) expressed in tweets of mass media were predictors of the same words in not necessarily related tweets of their followers. The research has shown that spread of psychological and linguistic patterns by media and social networking sites is not limited to negative emotions solely. This research highlights the significance of recommender systems, as they help to determine the content that social media users encounter on a personal level. The findings also indicate how we can address emerging and pressing issues that affect individuals' well-being and democratic capacity, such as echo chambers and polarization. The obtained findings are in line with the communication accommodation theory, emotional contagion theory and negativity bias. Limitations of the present research, future directions, and implications are discussed.

Identifying Psychological Distress Patterns during the COVID-19 Pandemic using an Intersectional Lens

_OBJECTIVE_. We inform an intersectional understanding of differences in psychological distress across the U.S. population during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic by examining the unique and interactive influences of multiple social variables on levels of psychological distress. _METHODS_. The March and April 2020 waves of the American Trends Panel (N = 4,560) were analyzed using conditional inference trees and random forests to examine how complex interactions among social status variables influence psychological distress levels. _RESULTS_. Age, gender, socioeconomic status, and community attachment most influenced distress in March 2020, while race and ethnicity emerged as influential in April 2020, especially among older men. _CONCLUSIONS._ The results provide insights into how multiple social statuses interact to shape psychological distress levels. By analyzing distress as a result of multiple pathways, we address theoretical mandates to consider the intersecting influence of social statuses on mental health. Targeted interventions by mental health specialists are discussed. _CONTRIBUTION._ This study builds upon the extensive and ever-growing literature on the effects that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on health, while specifically approaching the analysis with an intersectional lens and using tree-based statistical modeling to better visualize the differential impact the early months of the pandemic had on mental health.