Psychological Examination Research Articles

Indicators of mental adaptation disorders in combatants of the special military operation

Relevance. Participants of armed conflicts are exposed to extreme stress amid life-threatening situations, which can lead to mental adaptation disorders exacerbated by combat stress disorders. Combatants facing these conditions require psychological correction and psychotherapy.The objective is to assess the risk of mental adaptation disorders in combatants using traditional diagnostics and fasts screening methods.Methods. A cohort of 163 combatants who participated in the special military operation underwent clinical and psychological examination. The average age of subjects was 34.3 years, and the average time of service in the special military operation was 8.2 months. The combatants’ psychological status was evaluated using the Mississippi Scale (military version), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. In addition, a set of screening methods, like PC-PTSD-5, PHQ9, and GAD-7, were used to evaluate the risk of mental maladaptation, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. In the course of examination, the reliability of responses was assessed using 10 adapted questions for sincerity evaluation obtained from a standardized personality assessment method. The present study shows the median value, as well as the upper and lower quartiles (Me [Q1; Q3]). The consistency of the studied indicators was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.Results and analysis. The average sincerity score was 7 [6; 8] points, showing sufficient reliability of the examination results. The psychological test results re concordant with the overall transformation pattern in the functional and mental profile of stress exposed combatants, depending on the duration of exposure to combat conditions. The average Mississippi Scale scores were 71 [63; 84] points, and 2 [1; 3] points on the PC-PTSD-5, associated with absence of mental adaptation disorders and a low probability of PTSD, respectively. PTSD clinical symptoms were identified in 3.7% of the examined combatants (compared to 14.3% in foreign publications), and mental adaptation disorders were observed in 8.6%. All these methods showed moderate, positive, and statistically significant (r = 0.627; p < 0.001) consistency of obtained indicators. The average Beck Depression Inventory score was 7 [3; 12] points, and the PHQ-9 score was 5 [3; 8] points, suggesting absence or mild depression, respectively. The methods demonstrated strong, positive, and statistically significant (r = 0.799; p < 0.001) consistency among the indicators. The average Beck Anxiety Inventory score was 10 [4; 18] points, and the GAD-7 screening method score was 5 [2; 6] points, corresponding to low or moderate anxiety. For both methods, the consistency among indicators was moderate, positive, and statistically significant (r = 0.567; p < 0.001).Conclusion. The study justified the reliability of results obtained by traditional tests and screening methods, showing trustworthy indications for psychological correction (psychotherapy) in the examined combatants.

‘Well, our goal is to achieve sustainable quiet and security for our people’: Negotiating calls for ceasefires in the Gaza war of 2014 in mainstream English news media by Israeli spokespersons

In this study, we examined how calls for ceasefires were negotiated by Israeli spokespersons in mainstream English news media during one instance of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict: the Gaza War of 2014. Recent scholarship in peace studies has begun to examine how ‘peace’ and ‘violence’ are variously constructed to advance vested positions. We extend this focus through a discursive psychological examination of another ostensibly desirable outcome in conflicts, namely ‘ceasefire’. Findings show that the desirability of ceasefires and their negotiation is closely bound to the management of stake and interest by both media persons and Israeli spokespersons. The latter neither explicitly rejected nor accepted calls for ceasefires. Instead, they downgraded ceasefires in favour of other versions of cessation of conflict, framed as ‘sustainable peace’. This allowed for the non-acceptance of ceasefires while, paradoxically, justifying ongoing and further military actions in Gaza. Together, these findings point to the relevance of psychological practices of justifying, managing stake, and avoiding seeming committed to violence in talking about conflict and peace. Findings are discussed in relation to research in peace and political psychology, and implications for the ongoing attacks on Gaza.

The Impact of Investor Psychology on Investment Decisions

This article aims to explore the significant impact of investor psychology on investment decisions, taking overconfidence and risk tolerance theories as examples to analyze their influence on decision-making. The examination of the investment psychology during the Chinas 2018 A-share crash highlights that investors are susceptible to psychological biases and emotional reactions in the face of market changes. These biases include representativeness bias, where investors may rely too heavily on stereotypes, leading to misjudgments; panic, which can trigger impulsive and irrational selling; overconfidence, causing investors to overestimate their abilities and knowledge; and catastrophic thinking, where investors focus excessively on potential worst-case outcomes. These psychological factors contribute to increased market volatility and can lead to irrational judgments and behaviors among investors. Such behavior is detrimental to the market's stable development, as it can result in mispricing of assets and increased risk of misinvestment. The article emphasizes the critical role of investor psychology in rational decision-making and market efficiency. By recognizing the personal and environmental drivers of these biases, investors can adopt strategies to counteract their influence. This includes improving self-awareness, seeking a variety of perspectives, and employing tools to regulate emotional reactions to market shifts. Policymakers can further contribute by fostering market transparency and educating investors, which can diminish the impact of psychological biases on investment choices. In conclusion, a concerted effort to comprehend and tackle investor psychology is essential for cultivating a more stable and efficient investment landscape.

Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku yang Memiliki Riwayat Gangguan Jiwa pada Perkara Pembunuhan di Kabupaten Kebumen

The problem faced is What is the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of the crime of murder if the perpetrator has a history of psychiatric disorders in decision number 174/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kbm, and what factors are the cause of the murder case committed by the perpetrator who has a history of psychiatric disorders in decision number 174/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kbm, as well as how the judge's legal considerations in imposing a crime on the perpetrator murder criminal who has a history of mental disorders in decision number 174/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kbm? offender with a history of mental disorders. This type of research is normative legal research with the approach method used is normative juridical (normative legal research method). The research findings based on psychiatric examination and observation by specialist doctors at RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang on the suspect Sumudi bin Sodali include laboratory results within normal limits and for psychological examinations, intelligence level (IQ) is 75-79 /borderline and anti-social personality disorder with paranoia. As for other diagnoses, namely: Axis I (aspect I): F60.2 Anti-social personality disorder, meaning that the patient has a behavioral disorder characterized by not caring about social norms, cheating or lying, often committing criminal acts, and no sense of guilt and regret.; Axis II (aspect II): Paranoid personality trait meaning that the patient is easily suspicious.; Axis III (aspect III): No diagnosis, meaning no physical illness is found; Axis IV (aspect IV): Problems related to law /criminal means that the patient often violates the law/criminal.; Axis V (aspect V): Global function assessment 70-61, meaning some difficulties in social and work functioning, but in general functioning well, having a significant relationship. The conclusion is that based on the expert's statement that for cases of law violations that have been committed by a patient named Mr. SUMUDI bin SODALI towards his own biological mother is part of a mental disorder, but not a severe mental disorder (psychotic) so that the patient can still direct his will consciously.

Comparing personality traits of healthcare workers with and without long COVID: Cross-sectional study.

Pathological mechanisms of "long COVID" after recovery from the main symptoms of COVID-19 are unclear. We compared psychological differences between individuals with and without long COVID symptoms after initial COVID-19 infections. This study includes medical workers with and without history of COVID-19. We assessed the degree of depression, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), the degree of anxiety and fear of COVID-19, and we used an original questionnaire. In the COVID-19 group, we also assessed personality traits and anxiety. The COVID-19 group was subclassified into those with and without long COVID to examine differences in circumstantial and psychological examinations. Of 310 participants (141 men, 169 women, median age: 40 years), 167 had history of COVID-19 (83/84, 37 years) and 143 did not (58 men/85 women, 46 years). In the COVID-19 group, 26 had long COVID (12/14, 32 years) and 141 did not (58/85, 46 years). Fewer participants in the COVID-19 group had had COVID-19 vaccinations. The long COVID group had higher number of symptoms at the time of illness and higher NEO Five Factor Inventory Neuroticism scores than the non-long COVID group. They also had poorer mental health according to HRQOL than those without. Risk factors for long COVID may include the number of symptoms at the time of illness and neurotic tendency on NEO Five Factor Inventory. Participants with long COVID had poorer mental health according to HRQOL. People with long COVID might be especially sensitive to and pessimistic about the symptoms that interfere with their daily lives, resulting in certain cognitive and behavioral patterns. They may benefit from early psychiatric intervention.

Post-COVID-19 condition-Clinical phenotyping in practice

The high number and clinical heterogeneity of neurological impairments in patients with apost-COVID-19 condition (PCC) poses achallenge for outpatient care. Our aim was to evaluate the applicability of the proposed subtypes according to the guidelines "Long/Post-COVID" (30 May 2024) and their phenotyping using clinical and neuropsychological findings from our post-COVID outpatient clinic. The evaluation was based on cross-sectional neurological and psychological test examinations of the patients, which were carried out using standardized questionnaires and test batteries. In addition, adetailed anamnesis of the current symptoms and aretrospective survey of the acute symptoms up to 4 weeks after the confirmed infection was conducted. The subtypes were classified according to the abovementioned guidelines based on the medical history and selected patient questionnaires, to which we added a5th subtype with reference to the previous guidelines "Long/Post-COVID" (as of 5 March 2023). Atotal of 157 patients were included between August 2020 and March 2022. The presentation was at a median of 9.4months (interquartile range, IQR = 5.3) after infection, with amean age of 49.9 years (IQR = 17.2) and more women (68%) presenting, with atotal hospitalization rate of 26%. Subtype1 (postintensive care syndrome) showed the highest proportion of men, highest body mass index (BMI) scores and the highest rates of subjective complaints of word-finding difficulties (70%). Subtype2 (secondary diseases) was dominated by cognitive impairment and had the highest depression scores. Subtype3 (fatigue and exercise-induced insufficiency) was the most common, had the most symptoms and most severe subjective fatigue and the largest proportion of women. Subtype4 (exacerbation) mainly showed affective symptoms. Subtype5 (complaints without relevance to everyday life) had the lowest scores for depression, fatigue and BMI. Neurological and psychological conditions were frequently pre-existing in all groups. The management of PCC can be improved at various levels. Astandardized subtype classification enables early individually tailored treatment concepts. Patients at risk should be identified at the primary care level and informed about risk factors and prevention strategies. Regular monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors and physical activity are essential for PCC treatment. In the case of cognitive deficits and concurrent affective symptoms, psychotherapeutic support and drug treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) should be provided at an early stage.

Implementation of the burden of proof in criminal proceedings by the victim and their representative

The article analyses the provisions of criminal procedure legislation with a view to defining the role of the victim and their representative (attorney-at-law) in proving the circumstances specified in Article 91 and Part 2 of Article 92 of the CPC of Ukraine. It is argued that the legislator, when defining the information which constitutes the victim's burden of proof, used the wording which does not give an unambiguous understanding of the totality of the circumstances which the victim and his/her legal representative are obliged to prove. Based on the results of the textual analysis of the provisions of current legislation, and on the basis of the generalisation of court practice, it is proposed that the circumstances which should be proved by the victim (his/her representative) include the following: the amount of procedural costs incurred by the victim; circumstances characterising the personality of the accused, as indicated by the injured party; arguments and evidence confirming the circumstances set out in the petitions and complaints filed by the injured party; circumstances related to non-pecuniary damage caused to the victim; circumstances underlying the claims set out in a civil action. It is established that a representative engaged by the victim plays a significant role in collecting evidence which forms the basis of the claims set out in a civil action. This includes, in particular, requesting copies of documents certifying the costs incurred by the victim and obtaining an expert opinion based on the results of a psychological examination. It is determined that in order to clarify such circumstances, the victim’s representative may resort to a number of measures, including: 1) submission of lawyer’s requests; 2) conducting surveys of citizens; 3) obtaining an expert opinion on a contractual basis; 4) obtaining temporary access to things and documents on the basis of a decision of the investigating judge; 5) initiating procedural actions in the form of investigative (search) and covert investigative (search) actions, etc.

B - 134 Validation of the Pcl-5 Rare Items Scale Embedded Symptom Validity Index in a Cross-Cultural Forensic Sample

Abstract Objective Recently, three embedded symptom validity indices were developed for the PTSD Checklist for the DSM-5 (PCL-5). The PCL-5 Rare Item (PRI) scale is one of those indices, which is calculated by summing examinee responses to infrequently endorsed item ratings. Preliminary findings indicate the PRI is effective in a research sample but potentially less effective in a clinical sample. The aim of the current study was to cross-validate the PRI in a cross-cultural forensic sample. Method Examinees were Macedonian and Kosovar contractors (N = 79). Contractors were previously employed at military bases in Afghanistan and Iraq. The examinees underwent defense psychological examinations related to pursuing federal workers compensation claims for PTSD. Examinations were conducted between 2018 and 2023 with appropriately translated instruments and assistance from certified interpreters. Two sets of analyses were performed for this study. First, examinees were categorized as responding validly or invalidly based on their Trauma Symptom Inventory-II Atypical Response Scale (ATR) scores. In a second set of analyses, validity status was based on a more conservative criterion of failing 2+ validity tests. Results Receiver operating characteristic analyses were employed. Area under the curve findings were acceptable (0.74) in both sets of analyses. When invalidity was based on the ATR, a PRI cutoff of 3 resulted in 95% specificity and 35% sensitivity. Similarly, when invalidity was determined by failure of 2+ validity tests, a PRI cutoff of 3 resulted in 95% specificity and 36% sensitivity. Conclusion Results of the current study support the utility of the PRI in a cross-cultural forensic sample.

B - 132 Validation of the PCL-5 Symptom Severity Scale Embedded Symptom Validity Index in a Cross-Cultural Forensic Sample

Abstract Objective Three embedded symptom validity indices were recently created for the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). The first, the PCL-5 Symptom Severity Scale (PSS), is derived from the PCL-5 total score, and preliminary findings have indicated its effectiveness in research and clinical samples. Our aim was to cross-validate this validity index in a cross-cultural forensic sample. Method Examinees were Macedonian and Kosovar contractors (N = 79) previously employed at military bases in Afghanistan and Iraq. Examinees underwent defense psychological examinations between 2018 and 2023 related to pursuit of federal workers compensation claims for PTSD. Testing was performed with translated instruments and administered with assistance from certified interpreters. Two sets of analyses were conducted in this study. In the first, examinees were categorized as valid or invalid responders based on their Trauma Symptom Inventory-II Atypical Response Scale (ATR) scores. In the second, validity status was categorized based on a more conservative criterion of failing 2+ validity tests. Results Receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to determine optimal cutoff scores and classification accuracy statistics for the PSS. The area under the curve was acceptable (0.77) in both analyses. When categorizing invalidity with the ATR, a PSS cutoff of 64 resulted in 95% specificity and 33% sensitivity. When categorizing invalidity by failure of 2+ validity tests, the PSS cutoff could be adjusted to 62 resulting in 90% specificity and 46% sensitivity. Conclusion Results of the current study are in line with those from previous research. These findings extend the utility of the PSS to a cross-cultural forensic sample.

The biopuncture in dorsopathy.

The article summarizes the results of our own scientific and practical research on biopuncture (or pharmacopuncture) - local stimulation of acupuncture points with small doses of drugs or other agents. The "object" of the work was dorsopathies at the lumbosacral level, the choice of which was explained by the widest coverage of the population, the protracted course and the severity of the consequences. In the course of the research, the addition and even potentiation of the reflex and drug links of the method under consideration was noted. In particular, favorable changes in the status of patients observed against the background of biopuncture by complex agents were accompanied by a significant improvement in the results of psychological and electrophysiological examination. In a series of studies on biopuncture with Alflutop, a significant superiority of this approach over the compared methods was manifested, in addition to clinical effects, in structurally-modifying changes in the intervertebral discs. Using the same drug, an original scheme of therapeutic action was proposed, combining the techniques of drug blockade and pharmacopuncture. Special attention should be paid to the fact that the effectiveness of biopuncture is enhanced due to the combined use of modern hardware techniques. In a series of separate studies, the efficacy of biopuncture with essential oils in dorsopathies was confirmed, largely explained by the cumulative effects.

Регуляция нейрокогнитивных функций у подростков с печеночной энцефалопатией

<p><strong>The relevance</strong> of the study is due to the need to study the regulatory functions of adolescents with portal hypertension, which is accompanied by the development of a generalized intoxication effect on the nervous system affecting the cortical structures of the prefrontal parts of the brain. <strong>Objective: </strong>to study the specifics of prognostic regulation in adolescents with hepatic encephalopathy with portal hypertension. <strong>Materials and methods:</strong> the total sample size is 60 adolescents. The experimental group (EG) included adolescents in the number of 30 people (14 men; 16 women) with a diagnosis established by a gastroenterologist K76.6 "Portal hypertension" according to ICD-10. The control group (KG) included 30 respondents (14 men; 16 women) with a normative somatic status. The experimental and control groups were equalized by gender, age and social status. The empirical study included motivation, instruction, and psychological examination with the use of neurocognitive and test methods for assessing regulation: The Line Tracing Test, Digit-symbol Test, Number Connection Test A/B, methodology «Style of self–regulation of behavior - SSP-98» by V.I. Morosanova. <strong>Results.</strong> Low values of the general level of voluntary self-regulation of behavior of adolescents with hepatic encephalopathy are due to a decrease in the severity of regulatory processes of flexibility and independence. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the reduction of planning processes, flexibility and independence, providing a low overall level of arbitrary self-regulation, provide a significant decrease in neurocognitive indicators of prognostic regulation. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> The revealed qualitative and quantitative features of the regulatory sphere can be considered as one of the predictors in the genesis of hepatic encephalopathy, which make it possible to carry out prognostic diagnosis of the symptoms of the disease in adolescents at the earliest stages of its development, as well as to carry out differential diagnosis of the disease.</p>

Акцентуации характера у пациенток эстетической медицины как факторы восприятия своей внешности и основания для выбора стратегии взаимодействия при оказании услуг

<p><strong>Introduction</strong>. Perceptual processing of one's own face plays a role in reducing self-identity and sense of self. Despite extensive research into the ability to recognize other people's faces, self-face perception remains an understudied area. In this perceptual processing, our faces are influenced by the medical and psychophysiological conditions of the individual. For example, accentuation of character can affect the perception of one’s own face. Understanding these processes is important for developing a patient-centered approach, personalized strategies for supporting and treating patients with different characterological characteristics who seek aesthetic medicine services. <strong>Objective</strong>. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between character accentuations and perception of one’s own face. <strong>Methods.</strong> The study involved 86 women aged from 20 to 65 years (mean age 39±13 years). Oculomotor activity was recorded using a Gazepoint HD 150 Hz eye tracker. To measure personality accentuations, a questionnaire developed by K. Leonhard and G. Shmishek in 1970 was used. <strong>Results.</strong> When examining one's own face, the characteristics of eye movements reflect the patients' attitude towards themselves, associated with certain psychological characteristics of the individual. Thus, women with dysthymic personality traits tend to scrutinize their appearance, while women with excitable personality traits tend to focus on the positive aspects of visual information. Pedantry correlates with the number of returns and fixations on attractive features, which may reflect a desire to maintain a positive sense of self. Exaltation is associated with the length of the scanning path, the number of saccades on attractive features, which also reflects a positive self-perception. The personal profiles of the study participants are characterized by accentuated traits, among which the hyperthymic and exalted type of character accentuation predominates.The patients were divided into subgroups depending on which areas of the face they looked at more often and for longer - attractive or problem areas of the face. The study showed that, depending on their predominant personality traits, patients either looked primarily at attractive features or focused on facial flaws. <strong>Conclusion</strong>. Based on the data presented, it was concluded that it is advisable to carry out express diagnostics of the psychological characteristics of patients at the initial appointment in a cosmetology clinic. An initial psychological examination of the patient provides important information about the characterological characteristics of the individual and the perception of attractive features and flaws of his face, which will allow the doctor to predict difficulties that may arise during further medical interventions, as well as improve the level of mutual understanding and communication between patients and the doctor.</p>

Problematic issues of appointment and production forensic psychological and philological examination

Problematic issues of appointment and production forensic psychological and philological examination

О ПОДХОДАХ К ОЦЕНКЕ ДОСТОВЕРНОСТИ ПОКАЗАНИЙ В СЛЕДСТВЕННОЙ И СУДЕБНОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ГЕРМАНИИ

The article discusses various approaches to assessing the reliability of testimony and their place in investigative and judicial proceedings in Germany, where forensic psychological examination of the reliability of testimony has been one of the recognized types of examination since 1954. A brief description of the methodological principles of Statement Validity Assessment as a methodology, which is now the basis of forensic psychological examination of the reliability of testimony in Germany, is given.

The Culturally Minded Independent Psychological Examiner: A Review of Indian and Chinese Cultural Characteristics and its Implications for Psychological Injury

The Culturally Minded Independent Psychological Examiner: A Review of Indian and Chinese Cultural Characteristics and its Implications for Psychological Injury

QOL-28. NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICITS, EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCES, PSYCHOSOMATIC COMPLAINS – ADDITIONAL SYMPTOMS OR COMORBID DIAGNOSIS IN CNS GERMINOMA? OVERVIEW OF GROUP AND CASE STUDIES

Abstract BACKGROUND CNS Germinoma cases are associated with good medical prognosis, low risk for neurological deficits and high cognitive functioning. Deeper psychological and neuropsychological examination and longitudinal observation shows also neurocognitive problems and emotional disturbances. The purpose of the study was to assess patients with CNS Germinoma (during and after anticancer treatment), expressed specific psychological and physical symptoms and to find the reason for this. METHODS Since 1998 all patients treated at our center are under psychological control and care. From these group 78 patients with CNS Germinoma with additional significant symptoms, seriously affected their quality of life and everyday activity, were selected for psychological and neuropsychological assessment. Age at psychological intervention ranged from 6 5/12 to 34 8/12 yrs. The patients have no pre-diagnosis history of neurological, developmental or psychiatric disorder. They were examined using a battery of standardized psychological and neuropsychological methods. RESULTS In our sample FIQ (full-scale intelligence quotient) score ranged from 59 to 139. The most patients presented average level of intelligence. However, cognitive functioning was often reduced due to emotional disturbances and psychosomatic complains. 2 patients showed memory disorders, one of them TGA (transient global amnesia) at the time of diagnosis. All patients struggled with emotional disturbances at different grades, especially internalizing type of problems (immaturity, depression, anxiety, instability, inhibition, negative attitude) or were considered to be at risk for psychological adjustment difficulties and tendency to somatization. Analyzed group of patients showed also social competences deficits. They may exhibit deficit in age-appropriate social competence and peers relations. CONCLUSIONS Although CNS Germinoma patients shows similar behavioral and emotional phenotype, there are significant differences between them in terms of cognitive functions. The range of results is wide, from high levels to neurocognitive disorders. Therefore, risk factors, diagnostic criteria and effective neuropsychological intervention, will also be presented and discussed.

Enhance Knowing Thyself and Self-Development Based on Personality Types Through LKMM Implementation

Getting to know and developing oneself is a task in every stage of human life development. Knowing and developing oneself into a potential individual, various approaches and methods should be used to achieve the goals. LKMM is one of the many approaches and ways to help students recognize and develop their own self potential. What does the abbreviation LKMM stand for? The abbreviation LKMM stands for the following characteristics: L (Latihan) K (Keterampilan) M (Manajemen) M (Mahasiswa) which means Students Skill Management Training (SSMT). The aim of this journal article is to re-mix the theme of "self-recognition and development" which is conducted in LKMM activities based on theories of self-recognition and self-development. Two methods are used to summarize this review, namely a literature review as a theoretical framework and a personality type assessment for volunteer participants and a lecturing method in three days LKMM activities. The results of the assessment and its interpretation supported by a lot of theories are presented in this review. The main elements discussed in this article are the essence of self, knowing thyself, and one's own potential, self-development, and LKMM as a training program and the guidelines of its implementation. This activity was held in collaboration with the HMPS PGSD committee and the Counseling Service Center and Campus Ministry of the University of Flores. The target group is third semester PGSD students at Flores University. The element of novelty of this article is that within the scope of PGSD at the University of Flores, there has never been a psychological examination related to the types of personality traits that can be used as a reference for fostering self-recognition and development of students.

Out-of-Court Assistance Based on the Principle of the Best Interests of the Child: Study on Examination Process of Marriage Dispensation Cases

This research aimed to elaborate the legal phenomenon of marriage postponement proposed by the applicant in the examination process of marriage dispensation cases at the Religious Courts of Bukittinggi. The decision is taken after the applicant receives out-of-court assistance in marriage dispensation cases by other institutions that has been explicitly regulated in the Supreme Court (PERMA) Number 5 of 2019. The purpose of the assistance is to ensure the children’s readiness in entering marriage and the follow up to limited amendment of Article 7 Marriage Law on age limit. This phenomenon is intriguing due to a sizeable finding on previous marriage dispensation cases where most applicants insisted on getting married soon. This field study is descriptive qualitative research applying the descriptive-analysis method. The empirical-juridical approach was employed, analyzing primary and secondary data sourced from interviews and documentations. The collected data were subjected to Creswell’s technique starting from data processing to data interpretation. The results showed that the assistance practice has successfully encourage many child applicants to make decisions based on their best interests, namely postponing the marriage that is facilitated through an integrated system that includes psychological examination, legal approach, and religious approach. Indeed, this system is non-existent in the previous examination process of marriage dispensation cases. Interpretation and realization of Article 15 of PERMA are perceived to have contributed to the decreasing number of marriage dispensation cases in the Religious Courts of Bukittinggi, and establishing PERMA Number 5 of 2019 as the law that guarantees the prevention of child marriage.

The use of biofeedback training in complex therapy of neurotic disorders and correction of negative psychological consequences of combat stress in combatants

The parameters and effectiveness of biofeedback training in the complex treatment of neurotic disorders at the hospital stage and psychological correction at the sanatorium stages of rehabilitation of military personnel were assessed. We examined 40 mentally healthy military personnel who participated in combat operations and 36 military personnel who participated in combat operations and suffered from stress-associated neurotic disorders and who were undergoing inpatient treatment in the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy clinics. In identifying possible negative psychological consequences of combat stress in a group of mentally healthy military personnel, a medical and psychological examination was performed using the military version of the Mississippi scale for assessing post-traumatic reactions, Neurotic Disorders-Symptomatic Questionnaire, and Quality of Life Questionnaire-12. The military personnel underwent stress testing according to a specially developed scenario using a biofeedback hardware software complex to assess individual changes in physiological parameters in response to emotionally significant stimuli. In the military personnel who participated in combat operations and suffered from neurotic disorders, a medical and psychological examination was performed using the Neurotic Disorders-Symptomatic Questionnaire and Quality of Life Questionnaire-12 upon admission to the hospital and on the eve of discharge, and stress testing was conducted upon admission to the hospital. The therapeutic effectiveness of biofeedback training in the treatment of neurotic disorders was evaluated by comparing the results of treatment between two groups of 18 individuals each. One group received only drug therapy, whereas the other group, in addition to drug therapy, underwent biofeedback training on the amplitude of the systolic wave. The level of stress-associated psychogenic damage was found to be correlated with the amplitude of the systolic wave according to the digital photoplethysmogram. Moreover, the physiological indicators of the circulatory and respiratory systems, used in foreign studies for psychophysiological training in the treatment of post-stress disorders, were not associated with the level of psychogenic damage, indicating their lack of involvement in pathogenesis and the ineffectiveness of their use. The addition of biofeedback training on the amplitude of the systolic wave to the complex therapy of neurotic disorders leveled astheno-neurotic symptoms and improved quality of life. Therefore, when treating astheno-neurotic disorders in military personnel participating in combat operations, it is critical to include biofeedback training on the amplitude of the systolic wave; this reduces severity of neurotic symptoms, improves quality of life, and forms preventive skill of conscious control of excessive physiological reactions of combat stress. Furthermore, the correlation between the magnitude of the decrease in the amplitude of the systolic wave and level of mental damage in combatants, revealed during stress testing, indicates the importance of biofeedback training on the amplitude of the systolic wave in sanatorium-resort organizations and military clinical hospitals of the Russian Ministry of Defense for the medical and psychological rehabilitation of military personnel exhibiting negative symptoms and those suffering from psychological consequences of combat stress.

The Formation of the Image of Forensic Science by the Example of the International Project “East — West: Partnership in Forensic Science”

The formation of the modern appearance of the field of forensic examination is the definition of its external outlines and boundaries, technological potential, a set of features that characterize the main vector of special knowledge, the priorities of internal methodological structures and the content of professional competencies. This has always been due to the desire to find an optimal balance between the needs of the law enforcement officer and the capabilities of the subjects of applying special knowledge. Scientific and practical conferences and forums have always been of great importance in these processes. The international project “East-West: Partnership in Forensic Science” is one of the clearest examples of this. As a result of the study of the final materials of this project over twenty years the author examines the genesis of a new class of humanitarian forensic examinations, which was a response to modern challenges in the Russian Federation. The tasks of forensic expert support for the protection of spiritual and moral values, national culture and historical memory are formulated. Along with the already established comprehensive psychological and linguistic examination, a whole interdisciplinary complex of additional forensic studies of information materials is identified as priority forensic areas. These are political science, ethics and religious studies forensic examinations. The professional sovereignty of the Russian Federation and friendly foreign states in the field of forensic activities is essential for the implementation of strategic national priorities, namely state, public and information security.