Psychological Personality Characteristics Research Articles

CLINICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DISTRESS IN PERSONS WHO WERE FORCED TO MOVE DUE TO THE WAR

Aim – to investigate and study the clinical and psychological characteristics of persons who were forced to move due to the war in 2022 to provide recommendations for medical and psychological care and support.Material and methods. Diagnostic interviews used in the study are based on screening methods for assessing mental status, in particular depression, anxiety states, the impact of traumatic events, and assessment of psycho-emotional distress in work and everyday activities. The study was supplemented with the SCL-90-R method, which contributed to a better generalization of data on the mental state, and the AAQ-II method, which made it possible to assess the tendency to emotional avoidance as a mechanism of mental adaptation disorders.Results. The presence of clinically significant anxiety-depressive symptoms associated with the impact of traumatic events and causing psycho-emotional distress in everyday life has been demonstrated. Predictor factors determining distress and psychosocial functioning in various areas are described and can be used as targets for medical and psychological interventions. An analysis of gender differences is presented.Conclusions. The main predictors of distress in work and everyday activities were found to be the impact of traumatic experience, tendency to emotional avoidance, and symptoms of depressive states. Men prevailed in the level of distress in significant areas related to work and household maintenance. Medical-psychological interventions for the development of conscious strategies for coping with distress and overcoming emotional avoidance are promising for further research and clinical practice.

Профилактика вандального поведения обучающихся в образовательной среде

Introduction. Within the research, the concepts of “vandalism” and “vandal behavior” were considered, and the psychological characteristics of personality determining vandal actions among adolescents were identified. The authors emphasise the destructive consequences of these actions, but their motives and content may differ significantly. Special attention is paid to the problems of the spread of vandal behaviour in the youth environment (the environment of students). The results of theoretical analysis show that in modern practice there is a shortage of vandalism prevention programmes, which is considered as the issue of the research. Methods. The research involved 354 schoolchildren from 8 federal subjects of the Russian Federation. The empirical data were collected remotely, using four standardised diagnostic techniques. The obtained data were processed using the methods of mathematical and statistical data analysis (frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, regression analysis). Results. The findings revealed that acts of school vandalism indicate not only shortcomings of the educational environment itself, but can also be a signal of a number of psychological problems among particular students. Thus, preventive work in educational organisations should include prevention of vandalism and take into account typical mechanisms that influence such behaviour among adolescents, such as aggressive behavioural strategies and lack of personal goals in life. Based on the empirical data obtained, the authors identified the main directions of vandalism prevention in the educational environment, clarified and substantiated specific forms of preventive work.

Moral and psychological characteristics of personality in the system of determinants in modern crime

Moral and psychological characteristics of personality in the system of determinants in modern crime

PREVALENCE OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS AFTER BRAIN STROKE

Introduction. WHO experts point to the urgency of the problem of cardiovascular diseases, among which the first places are occupied by cerebral strokes (CS). With CS there are significant changes in the socio-psychological activities of the patient and the personal psychological characteristics of the individual due. Such changes provoke the development of certain psychological disorders, which are characterized by an oppressed state, a persistent depressive state, the development of anxieties and fears, obsessive fixation on the transferred disease and worries about one's future, etc. That's why, the study of psychological characteristics of patients after СS is a relevant problem of great importance, which determined the direction of our research.
 The aim: To investigate and analyze the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients after CS.
 Materials and methods. Conducted a randomized controlled single-center prospective study case-control, which is based on the analysis of the results of psychological study of 300 patients after CS (main group) and 200 people of the control group for the period 2022-2023. The studied groups were randomized by age and gender. To study the psychological characteristics of patients after CS, we used two methods of diagnosing psychological conditions: the self-esteem scale of Spielberg Ch. D. and Khanin Yu.L. and the depression scale of Balashova T.I.
 Results. Probably (p<0.001) among the subjects of the main group compared to the control, a significantly higher frequency of occurrence of medium and moderate levels of reactive anxiety (RA), personal anxiety (PA) and levels of depression (LD) was determined, in contrast to low, which was more often detected among the persons control group. It was determined that the levels of RA, PA and depression were reliably significantly higher in the main group compared to the control group and characterized the presence of fairly significant moderate anxiety and mild depression of situational or neurotic origin.
 Conclusion. It has been proven probable (p<0.001) confirmation of the influence of an CS on the development of high levels of anxiety (both RA and PA) and depression.

Retracted: Psychosocial Factors and Psychological Characteristics of Personality of Patients with Chronic Diseases Using Artificial Intelligence Data Mining Technology and Wireless Network Cloud Service Platform.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/8418589.].

COPING STRATEGIES IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF LIFE SATISFACTION

The paper analyses the results of the study of coping behaviour among senior high school students with different levels of life satisfaction. The influence of psychological characteristics of personality, such as “coping strategies”, “life satisfaction” during study in graduating classes, is considered. The results of the empirical research can be used by socio-psychological services of educational institutions that assist students in increasing life satisfaction and developing new adaptive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations.

Some Psychological Features of Victims of Crime Committed Using Digital Technologies

The large-scale development of information technology and the wide spread of the Internet have involved millions of people in the daily use of digitalization products as a means of communication, work, entertainment and other purposes . At the same time, the online world has become an attractive environment for various types of crime . Some attackers are interested in gaining access to confidential information, such as personal and financial data, trade secrets, intellectual property, etc . The information they receive can be used for fraud, espionage or extortion . This article provides a list of common crimes and offenses committed, including with the use of digital technologies, in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of the Russian Federation of Administrative Offenses; current types of cybercrime are considered, an assessment is made of the psychological characteristics of persons who commit crimes using digital technologies and their victims . At the end of the article, recommendations are given to ensure psychological resilience to the main threats of the digital environment . Compliance with the rules of information and psychological security and digital education of the society can significantly reduce vulnerability and minimize the risks of user victimization .

Psychological characteristics of personality’ stress resistance in retractions periods

Psychological characteristics of personality’ stress resistance in retractions periods

Русский национальный характер в аспекте поликультурного образования

We consider the issue of studying the peculiarities of the Russian national character, understanding national character helps students to gain knowledge in psychological and pedagogical disciplines, the Russian language, literature, history. We analyzed and evaluate material contributing to the implementation of academic and educational activities. The research focuses on the personal, substantive and social characteristics of representatives of the Russian ethnic group. Knowledge about the peculiarities of the Russian national character is considered as secondary new knowledge about the native language, national culture, and history. The emphasized unpredictability of ethnic processes in modern Russia makes the subject of our study relevant. We consider the Russian national character as a unique subject of history with personal psychological characteristics. Modern scientists consider the issues of Russian mentality through the definition of a subject field connected with the national character. Despite the many points of view on the solution of the issue, it is still relevant, but not implemented. The approbation results of the program developed by us on the basis of the Socio-Pedagogical Institute of Michurinsk State Agrarian University are presented.

Информационно-психологическое противодействие экстремизму в киберпространстве

The article deals with the problem of spreading extremist ideas through modern means of communication and, fi rst of all, through the information and communication network Internet. The Internet has become an integral part of people’s everyday life, the possibility of active communication in cyberspace, which, in addition to the creative component, has a destructive one, creating a threat of infection with the ideas of extremism, as well as the involvement of criminal groups in extremist activities. On the example of social networks, ways of spreading and infecting with the ideas of extremism are shown. The specifi cs of mediated interaction in the virtual space, as well as the possibilities of creating forms, transferring, evaluating information that take place in social networks, provide certain opportunities for extremist criminals to identify and involve potential victims in criminal activities. The paper also analyzes the psychological characteristics of one of the risk groups for involvement in extremist activities — young people. In addition to the agerelated psychological characteristics of this group, its representatives are also the most active users of social networks, which further increases the vulnerability to extremist information and psychological impact. The paper presents the psychological characteristics of persons convicted of extremist activities. Ways are proposed to counter the spread of extremist ideas in the information space.

Research progress on humanistic care ability and influencing factors of intern nursing students.

This paper is dedicated to reviewing relative research on humanistic caring ability of intern nursing students and proposing strategies to improve humanistic caring ability. Firstly, current paper collected information from both domestic and foreign literature, and then scientific analysis, summary and overview of research results were conducted with regards to humanistic caring ability of interns nursing students. By analyzing the current situation of intern nursing students' humanistic caring ability, and factors that have influence on humanistic caring ability of intern nursing students, the present paper is determined to come up with feasible change methods and form strategic paths. At present, the humanistic care ability of intern nursing students is relatively low. Students, schools, hospitals, and the society all exert influence on the humanistic care ability of intern nursing students. Although scholars' research is different in topics or focus, the conclusions drawn from this research are highly consistent. Nursing humanistic care is the internal quality of nursing staff concerning morality, humanity, and integration of knowledge, concepts, and attitudes. Nursing humanistic care ability includes caring experience ability and caring behavior ability. The necessary psychological characteristics of personality are regarded as a special ability. It is of great significance to promote the quality of nursing and humanistic care ability of intern nursing students who serve as the backup force of nursing talent team. Meanwhile, it is imperative to strengthen the construction of intern nursing students' humanistic care ability.

A Study on Causes of Divorce in Rickshaw Pullers of Sylhet City Having Depression

Introduction: Causes of divorce may range from factors as diverse as the personal psychological characteristics of one or both spouses to the stresses of economic hardship and community disintegration. From a larger perspective, the role of divorce in modern societies and its relatively high incidence both flow from the same complex factors that have made good marriages so much more central to people's happiness than through most of the past and deterioration of a marital relationship so much more distressing. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, in Sylhet city, from 2019 to 2020 and it was mainly quantitative. However, qualitative data were collected from policymakers, i.e. the responsible person in Sylhet city, and discussion and documents. Quantitative data were collected from rickshaw pullers who were divorced by their wives from different areas in Sylhet city. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection from rickshaw pullers. Result: The mean age was found 36.25±SD years. The majority 39(48.8%) rickshaw pullers had primary education. All rickshaw pullers were in low-income group status. Out of the total study population, 47(58.8%) had ≤10 hours of working time, and 33(41.3%) had >10 hours of working time. As multiple responses were accepted, there were rickshaw pullers who reported many types of misconduct from passengers and police. Almost all rickshaw pullers reported that the passengers belittled them. This was closely followed by “scolded” 86.3%, “paid unjust fare” 68.8%, and 48.8% of rickshaw pullers had “quarrel over fare” with passengers. It was evident that 36.3% and 40.0% of rickshaw pullers were “physically assaulted” and compel sitting, holding their ear by the passengers and police respectively. The majority 60(75.0%) of wives divorced their husbands due to domestic violence, 56(70.0%) due to too much conflict and arguing, 52(65.0%) due to substance abuse, 50(62.5%) due to lack of commitment, 48(60.0%) due to ...........

Analysis of the personality characteristics in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

Objective: To explore the basic psychological and personality characteristics of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). Methods: The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was used to investigate the psychological personality characteristics of 187 patients with LPRD (Study Group) and 75 healthy subjects (control group) who were treated in the otolaryngology clinic of Wuhan Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. There were 102 males in the study group, aged from 20 to 71 (45.42±10.67) years and 85 females, aged from 18 to 65 (40.97±11.53) years; There were 41 males in the control group, aged from 18 to 67 (41.08±12.03) years and 34 females, aged from 20 to 65 (42.55±12.78) years. SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The T scores of HS hypochondriac scale, D depression scale, Hy hysteria scale, Ma hypomania scale and MAS explicit anxiety scale in LPRD patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (t=6.304, 4.293, 5.750, 2.694, 5.178, all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that RSI score was positively correlated with T score of HS hypochondriac scale, Hy hysteria scale, Ma hypomania scale and MAS explicit Anxiety Scale (r=0.621, 0.402, 0.393, 0.581, all P<0.05); RFS score was positively correlated with T score of HS hypochondriac scale, Hy hysteria scale and MAS explicit Anxiety Scale (r=0.315, 0.321, 0.375, P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with healthy people, LPRD patients have special personality psychological characteristics, which are mainly manifested as excessive attention to themselves, exaggerated illness, depression, sensitivity, somatization of psychological problems, irritability and mania. The severity of both subjective symptoms (RSI) and objective signs (RFS) of LPRD patients are related to their psychological personality characteristics.

Личностные детерминанты селфизма у юношей и девушек

Modern young people live in the dynamically changing world, in conditions of constant changes in the sphere of public life and, especially in personal terms and the sharp change of habitual stereotypes. The specificity of age aspects and psychological characteristics in adolescence contributes to the expansion of the number of addicts. It is the desire to assert oneself, to know oneself more, the formation of worldview and moral convictions that sometimes contribute to the loss of a sense of security, the emergence of fear of reality, and the distortion of ideas about the image of the “selfness”. Selfie craze among young people has become a "global catastrophe". Today it is hard to find young people who would not take pictures of themselves and would not post photos on various social networks, chats. And it is crucial for a young person to receive feedback from their friends who have seen the post. In this regard, the issues of studying the psychological characteristics of persons suffering from various forms of addictive disorders are gaining relevance in science, since the presence of addiction is due to the personality characteristics and the accompanying negative emotions (irresponsibility, uncertainty, anxiety), its environment and interaction with people. At the same time, there are almost no scientific papers on the study of personality characteristics prone to selfie addiction; most of the works are only of indirect, fragmentary nature. The authors of the current paper analyzed various approaches, etiology, mechanisms, symptoms of development and risk factors for the formation of selfie addiction in high school students, and presented the results of a study of the personal determinants of high-school boys’ and girls’ selfie addiction. The purpose of the research is to study the personal characteristics of children’s prone to selfie addiction. Research methods: theoretical methods, including theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, comparison and generalization of experience; empirical methods (experiment, testing, questioning and diagnostic methods, observation); data processing methods (quantitative and qualitative analysis). The diagnostic tools were chosen taking into account the components of the structure of the anti-addictive attitude to the emergence of selfie addiction, which determine the personal determinants of the manifestation of selfie addiction. The study involved 172 students (aged 16-18) of secondary schools of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia), of which 93 were girls and 79 were boys. As a result of the study, it was revealed that 37.2% of respondents have signs of selfie addiction, while girls are most prone to addictive behavior. Gender differences in potential addicts in the manifestation of a tendency to selfie addiction were found in the assessment of the meaningfulness of life, satisfaction with their personal characteristics, self-esteem, and the level of knowledge about self-dependence. The results of the study, the author's methods for identifying the level of formation of selfie addiction and the selection of diagnostic tools for studying the anti-addictive attitude to the emergence of selfie addiction can be successfully used in the practice of correctional and preventive work of teachers and psychologists of educational and social institutions.

청소년의 학업적 자기효능감 개인별 변화궤적 분류 및 영향요인 분석

Objectives This study classified the trajectory of changes in academic self-efficacy in adolescence and analyzed the effect of individual psychological characteristics, family factors, and school factors on the potential class type of changes in academic self-efficacy.&#x0D; Methods In the data of the Daegu Institute of Future Education's Daegu Education Longitudinary Study, some of the data tracked every year for first-year middle school students from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed. Using the latent growth model, the types of changes in academic self-efficacy were classified and multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of the changes in academic self-efficacy on the types of potential classes.&#x0D; Results As a result, as a result of the study, the trajectory types of changes in academic self-efficacy were classified into three types: ‘Low-level radical upward type’, ‘Medium-level maintenance type’, and ‘High-level gradual upward type’. Academic self-efficacy Factors influencing individual potential classes were more likely to be included in self-recognition among individual psychological characteristics factors, and the better the challenge, the more likely it was to be included in the “Medium-level maintenance type” or “High-level gradual increase type.” The higher the parent's support, the higher the likelihood of being included in the ‘Medium-level maintenance type’ and the ‘High-level gradual increase type’, the better the parent-child relationship, and the higher the parent's support, the higher the likelihood of being included in the ‘High-level gradual increase type’. In terms of school factors, it was confirmed that the better the friend relationship and the higher the teacher's support, the more it was included in the ‘low-level radical rise type’.&#x0D; Conclusions Through this study, it was confirmed that there was an average change in adolescents' academic self-efficacy for four years from the first year of middle school to the first year of high school, and the difference between individuals was significant. In addition, predictors that are included in each type of ‘Low-level radical rising type’, ‘Medium-level maintenance type’, and ‘High-level gradual rising type’ of academic self-efficacy were identified, and the effects of personal psychological characteristics, family factors, and school factors on adolescents were explored. These findings imply that it is necessary to consider the factors affecting the trajectory of changes in adolescents' academic self-efficacy, and through this, it can be expected that the improvement of adolescents' academic self-efficacy can have a positive effect on academic achievement and school life. It is also meaningful that it can provide implications for school education and the role of teachers to improve adolescents' academic self-efficacy.&#x0D; &#x0D;

청소년의 학업적 자기효능감 개인별 변화궤적 분류 및 영향요인 분석

Objectives This study classified the trajectory of changes in academic self-efficacy in adolescence and analyzed the effect of individual psychological characteristics, family factors, and school factors on the potential class type of changes in academic self-efficacy.&#x0D; Methods In the data of the Daegu Institute of Future Education's Daegu Education Longitudinary Study, some of the data tracked every year for first-year middle school students from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed. Using the latent growth model, the types of changes in academic self-efficacy were classified and multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of the changes in academic self-efficacy on the types of potential classes.&#x0D; Results As a result, as a result of the study, the trajectory types of changes in academic self-efficacy were classified into three types: ‘Low-level radical upward type’, ‘Medium-level maintenance type’, and ‘High-level gradual upward type’. Academic self-efficacy Factors influencing individual potential classes were more likely to be included in self-recognition among individual psychological characteristics factors, and the better the challenge, the more likely it was to be included in the “Medium-level maintenance type” or “High-level gradual increase type.” The higher the parent's support, the higher the likelihood of being included in the ‘Medium-level maintenance type’ and the ‘High-level gradual increase type’, the better the parent-child relationship, and the higher the parent's support, the higher the likelihood of being included in the ‘High-level gradual increase type’. In terms of school factors, it was confirmed that the better the friend relationship and the higher the teacher's support, the more it was included in the ‘low-level radical rise type’.&#x0D; Conclusions Through this study, it was confirmed that there was an average change in adolescents' academic self-efficacy for four years from the first year of middle school to the first year of high school, and the difference between individuals was significant. In addition, predictors that are included in each type of ‘Low-level radical rising type’, ‘Medium-level maintenance type’, and ‘High-level gradual rising type’ of academic self-efficacy were identified, and the effects of personal psychological characteristics, family factors, and school factors on adolescents were explored. These findings imply that it is necessary to consider the factors affecting the trajectory of changes in adolescents' academic self-efficacy, and through this, it can be expected that the improvement of adolescents' academic self-efficacy can have a positive effect on academic achievement and school life. It is also meaningful that it can provide implications for school education and the role of teachers to improve adolescents' academic self-efficacy.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Relationship between attitude towards vaccination against COVID-19 and psychological characteristics of personality

IntroductionVaccination is an effective way to control the infection. COVID-19 is a new disease, and so is the vaccine against it.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate psychological characteristics associated with attitude towards vaccination.MethodsAn online survey was used (N=1336) (31.03.2020–9.02.2021). Respondents completed COPE, «Moral dilemmas» (30 Green’s Dilemmas, 10 of each type) and decided which strategy to stop the pandemic they found the effective (vaccination, herb immunity, innovative treatment or simply waiting until it fades away on its own). The study analyzed groups of those who see the benefits of vaccination and those who do not consider vaccination as a way to solve the problem of coronavirus.Results«Vaccination» attitude is more typical for men, for younger people and is also associated with assessment of COVID-19 as a dangerous disease (61% versus 21% for «vaccination» and «no vaccination» groups respectively), more diligent compliance with anti-epidemic rules (3,7 and 2,9 mean number of protection methods used), at the same time, the “vaccination” group responds about the less inconvenience associated with restrictions during the pandemic. This social attitude is associated with «need for creativity» and constructive coping: «planning», «concentration on emotions», the use of instrumental and emotional social support. There is a difference in personal moral choices (3,6 versus 2,9 for «vaccination» and «no vaccination» groups respectively), that demonstrated that positive attitude towards vaccination signifies an active personal position.ConclusionsPositive attitude towards vaccination is associated with a proactive personal position and involvement in social interaction using interpersonal coping strategies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Psychosocial Factors and Psychological Characteristics of Personality of Patients with Chronic Diseases Using Artificial Intelligence Data Mining Technology and Wireless Network Cloud Service Platform.

It was to explore the application value of health cloud service platform based on data mining algorithm and wireless network in the analysis of psychosocial factors and psychological characteristics of personality of patients with chronic diseases. Based on the demand analysis of cloud service platform for chronic diseases, a health cloud service platform including three modules was established: support layer, application layer, and interaction layer; and K-means algorithm and Apriori algorithm were used to mine and process data. The changes of pulse wave and EEG signal of epileptic seizures before and after processing by wireless network health cloud service platform were analyzed. 42 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy were selected as the research subjects, and 40 volunteers with normal physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The differences in the basic clinical characteristics data, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revision Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC) were compared between the two groups. It was found that the initial EEG signals of epileptic patients had noise pollution before and after the seizure, and the noise in the EEG signals was filtered out after digital technology processing in the cloud service platform. The maximum number of epileptic patients aged 18∼30 years was 17 (40.48%), and the mean scores of HAMD and HAMA scales in the epileptic group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The total score of SCL-90, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychosis in the epilepsy group were obviously higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The mean value of EPQ-RSC and neuroticism (N) was clearly higher (P < 0.05), the mean value of extroversion (E) was significantly lower (P < 0.01), and the mean value of Lie Scale was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the epileptic group in contrast with those in the control group. It indicates that the cloud service platform for chronic diseases based on artificial intelligence data mining technology and wireless network has potential application value. Epilepsy patients with chronic diseases should be paid more attention to their psychosocial factors and psychological characteristics of personality in the treatment process.

Personal psychological characteristics of medical staff and the client

According to the definition by A.V. Petrovsky and M.G. Yaroshevsky, "personality is a systemic (social) quality acquired by an individual in objective activity and communication and characterizing the degree of representation of social relations in an individual". In the article, the authors rely on the definition by A.V. Petrovsky, which considers personality as a social quality acquired in the process of communication and activity.

The Personality Profiles for Contemporary Macedonian Actors.

Theatre is one of the higher cultural activities that characterise us as imaginative, creative and truly human. In general, theatre is an arena in which participants can mentally play, acting out their own fears and fantasies in an experimental way. The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological personal characteristics, using the MMPI questionnaire, applied in a sample of Macedonian professional actors. MMPI is used as an older form of the questionnaire, standardised in ex-Yugoslavia, and then translated into Macedonian. This is all done with a computer. This research confirms that our (Macedonian) contemporary actors are normal people who function normally in everyday life and generally do not deviate from what in the psychology of personality are denotes as normal/abnormal. Small exceptions are still a rarity! Some indexes of interest are included in this analysis of personal characteristics of actors.