Psychological Behavior Research Articles

Exploring the relationship between khat chewing behaviour and psychological well-being among students of Jazan University

Background: Khat, a well-known natural stimulant from the Catha edulis plant, a flowering evergreen tree or large shrub of the Celastracea family is taken in few parts of southern province. Being adjacent to Yemen, Khat chewing is a common habit among the population in the Jazan region. khat eating is associated with many health ailments like depression, stress anxiety. Objectives: 1. To estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in khat chewers 2. To assess the psychological disorders in khat chewers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study (survey) conducted and sample size collected with pre designed questionnaire. Data entered in Microsoft excel and processed in SPSS version 23 and the results tabulated. Univariate and multivariate analysis with multilogistic regression done. Results: Majority of participants were males and were 21 years old or younger. Notable difference identified between urban (40%) and rural (60%) and this difference was identified as potential distinction in the psychological behaviour of the students. Odds ratio was found to be high in males and in >21-year-old students when compared with females. GPA showed significant difference when observed with psychological status. GPA scores less than 3.75 were found to have more psychological disturbances than GPA>3.75. Interquartile range among depression, anxiety and stress higher among khat chewers when compared with non-khat chewers and the difference found to show high statistical significance. (P<0.01). Conclusion: Khat chewing in this area found to be significantly high in students so continuous health education shall be the priority for the policy makers

Binge drinking and subsequent health and well-being among middle-aged Spanish adults: An outcome-wide analysis.

Binge drinking has been associated with higher risks of adverse physical health outcomes. Motivations behind binge drinking may involve seeking pleasure and social connectedness, which are important aspects of life that constitute well-being. However, studies that apply a holistic framework of well-being to understand binge drinking remain limited, especially in non-English speaking populations. Using longitudinal data from the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) Cohort (n=2837 Spanish university graduates, 51% women, mean age [SD]= 54 [12] years, data collected from March 1999 to July 2022), this study examined the association of binge drinking with a wide range of subsequent psychological well-being, mental health, physical health, and health behaviour outcomes over a four-year follow-up period. A set of regression models were used, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, total alcohol consumption and pre-baseline values of the outcome variables. Binge drinkers reported a higher mean level of positive relations with others (standardized β=0.12, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.24) than non-binge drinkers. However, binge drinking was associated with several adverse health outcomes such as higher risks of obesity (RR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.09 to 3.19), major cardiovascular events (RR=2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 to 5.82), and unfavourable health behaviours (e.g., a longer screen time by 2.85hours/week, 95% CI: 0.46 to 5.23). Our study provides novel insights into the complex and multifaceted relationship of binge drinking with health and well-being. Further research will enhance our understandings of binge drinking and inform culturally appropriate interventions that effectively mitigate its negative consequences.

The Effect of Detethering Surgery on the Bladder Function and Psychology of Children with Primary Tethered Cord Syndrome.

Currently, detethering surgery (DS) is the modality most extensively utilized to treat primary Tethered cord syndrome (TCS). Disappointingly, some children without bladder impairment showed a deterioration of bladder function after surgery, which critically influences the health-related quality of life. It was hypothesized that the DS might have a significant effect on bladder function and psychology. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DS on bladder function and quality of life in children with primary TCS. A retrospective study of 83 patients aged 6 to 10 years who were diagnosed with TCS and underwent DS between 2022 and 2023. The urodynamic parameters and score, psychological-behavioral profile, and lower urinary tract symptoms were compared before and after DS. Additionally, the patients were divided into the normal group and the abnormal group according to the preoperative urodynamics parameters. A total of 66 children fulfilled the criteria, with a mean age at surgery of 89.5 ± 13.7 months. There were statistically significant differences in bladder detrusor sphincter synergy and urodynamic score and no statistically significant difference in the remaining urodynamic parameters and psychological-behavioral items before and after DS. The proportion of bladder dysfunction that improved or did not worsen after surgery was higher in the Abnormal group than in the Normal group. Nevertheless, the detection rate of each psychological behavior abnormality in children with TCS was higher compared with that of normal children, both preoperatively and postoperatively. DS could not considerably ameliorate pre-existing bladder dysfunction and patients exhibiting non-progressive bladder dysfunction could be treated conservatively with close observation. TCS plagues patients all the time even if detethering. Psychological counseling for children with TCS should be strengthened after DS.

Integrating mindful organizing and organizational learning to enhance sustainability performance of exporting firms

Purpose Sustainability is a pressing global issue that affects everyone on the planet. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the nuanced interplay between mindful organizing (MO), organizational learning capability (OLC), leadership commitment to sustainable development goals (SDGs) and sustainability performance, adopting the theoretical foundation of organizational learning. Design/methodology/approach The survey data from 728 middle management employees of exporting firms in Pakistan were collected at two points. The mediated moderation analysis was performed through structural equation modeling in AMOS 26. Findings The results indicate a positive relationship between MO and sustainability performance. The mediating effect of OLC highlights that firms that acquire, assimilate and apply knowledge and insights leverage their MO strategies to improve sustainability performance more effectively. Additionally, the leadership commitment to SDGs amplifies the positive effect of OLC on sustainability performance. Practical implications These results have important implications for managers and policymakers who seek to promote sustainability in organizations. The findings suggest that cultivating a mindful organizational culture and investing in learning capability enhance sustainability performance. Exporting firms should develop comprehensive learning programs that embed mindfulness and sustainability into the core of organizational culture. More interdisciplinary research is needed to integrate insights from environmental science, psychology, management and organizational behavior. Originality/value This research stands out for its integrative approach, practical relevance, empirical examination of important concepts and alignment with global sustainability goals. Exporting firms must understand how organizational learning capabilities and MO can be harnessed to achieve sustainable outcomes.

Risk Assessment for Breast Cancer with Integrated Group Decision-Making Method

The most prevalent invasive malignancy in women is breast cancer. The second most common cause of cancer deaths in women, behind lung cancer, is breast cancer. It begins with developing a tiny tumor or mass and spreads from breast cells, primarily in the milk ducts (ductal carcinoma) or glands (lobular carcinoma). Every woman needs to be aware of her risk of developing breast cancer to be proactive about risk reduction measures and for better care of the disease, even though the causes of breast cancer are not fully known. Numerous variables that can either raise or decrease the likelihood of acquiring breast cancer have been identified by independent investigations. By looking at these risk factors, it is feasible to determine a woman's estimated risk of acquiring a malignant breast illness. Fermatean fuzzy sets can adequately describe the uncertain data for determining breast cancer risk. The cumulative prospect theory is used to build the traditional Tomada de Decisão Iterativa Multicritério (TODIM) approach, which can be used to reflect the psychological behavior of the decision-maker. The Fermatean fuzzy cumulative prospect theory-TODIM approach is proposed in this paper to handle the problem of group decision-making. Using the entropy weight method with Fermatean fuzzy sets to obtain attribute weight information simultaneously improves rationality. This article applies the mentioned method to the risk assessment of breast cancer. It illustrates the risk assessment model based on the proposed method, concentrating on hot topics in contemporary culture.

Emotional intelligence and academic engagement of graduate students: the moderating role of digital learning support

PurposeThis study examined the effect of emotional intelligence on graduate students' academic engagement in Ogun State, Nigeria. This study also explored the moderating role of digital learning support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic engagement.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive design was used, with purposive and convenient sampling methods were adopted to select the respondents. A total of 341 graduate students were drawn from different schools of postgraduate studies at selected universities in Nigeria. SmartPLS (3.0) was used to explore the relationships between the variables.FindingsThe results revealed that emotional intelligence dimensions significantly influence graduate students' academic engagement. In addition, digital learning support positively moderated the relationship between emotional intelligence and students' academic engagement. Further, to the empirical evidence from the findings, the study concludes that digital learning support moderates the relationship between emotional intelligence and students' academic engagement.Research limitations/implicationsIt is impossible to extrapolate the findings from the research to other industries in Nigeria. Practical Implication: It is recommended that the leadership of graduate schools pay attention to a digital learning support system that enhances emotional intelligence and will stimulate productive research activities, practical engagement and academic excellence.Originality/valueThis study contributes significantly by filling a research lacuna in strategic human resource management (HRM), personnel psychology and organisational behaviour literature within the context of private universities in Nigeria. This study advances the literature by demonstrating how digital learning support moderates the relationship between emotional intelligence and graduate students' academic engagement.

Empowering green disposal behavior: the influence of gamification affordances and the multi-goal frame

ABSTRACT Green disposal behavior (GDB) is the final, crucial behavioural outcome in the three stages of environmentally responsible consumption, which comprise the acquisition, use, and disposal of goods or services. With the increasing adoption of gamification in e-commerce platforms, many game-based green disposal activities have attracted millions of online users’ engagement and thus affected their cognition, motivation, and GDB. Previous studies have identified that motivation contributes to environmentally responsible consumption. However, the exploration of the inner psychological mechanism of multi-goal motives in gamification has been limited. Based on the ‘affordances–psychological outcomes–behavioral outcomes’ framework, we examine the relationships between gamification affordances, the multi-goal frame, and GDBs. The survey analysis of 420 users of a gamified disposal e-platform reveals that gamification affordances (i.e. autonomy support and interactivity) may energise GDB through the chain mediating intrinsic motivation of the multi-goal frame. The findings expand existing understandings of the inner psychological motivation and behaviour in the gamified context and call for design attention to influential gamification affordances that stimulate end-users’ attention and engagement.

Психологические факторы кибербезопасности и доверие к ложным новостям в интернет-коммуникации: обзор современных зарубежных исследований

<p style="text-align: justify;">The paper presents a systematic review of contemporary foreign research on psychological factors of cybersecurity and trust in fake news. It contains an analysis of theoretical developments and empirical studies of the psychological aspects of cybersecurity within the framework of the concepts of personality psychology, behavioral psychology and social psychology. Despite the fact that general psychological patterns and theoretical models of these branches of psychology are used in the study of cybersecurity, the available results of research in this area still do not form a holistic picture of the psychological factors of cybersecurity behavior. At the same time, the factors of personal characteristics and behavior of cybercriminals seem to be better studied and more understandable than the factors of compliance and violation of the rules of cybersecurity behavior by “ordinary” users. The article then presents a review of empirical studies on the reasons why Internet users trust fake news and how to overcome it. General awareness of the problem of the spread of fake news is shown to offer little help in reducing trust in fake news, and the use of ineffective strategies for recognizing fake news often has the opposite effect. A more sophisticated strategy based on knowledge of the specific techniques by which fake news is created, on the contrary, can more effectively reduce the risk of trust in fake news. The author comes to the conclusion that measures promoting cybersecurity behavior of Internet users are advisable if aimed not at stimulating vigilance, but at increasing confidence in the picture of the world, in which the phenomena of cybersecurity threats and fake news are built in as a familiar and understandable component.</p>

Study on the changes and influencing factors of depression in Chinese women with cancer: an analysis based on CHARLS panel data.

The social problems caused by depressive disorders and psychological behaviors in women are increasingly prominent, with extreme incidents occurring from time to time. Therefore, the issue concerning "how to prevent and resolve the risk of depression in women" is gaining significant attention across various sectors. However, previous studies have largely focused on teenage girls, perimenopausal women, or women during pregnancy and the postpartum period, neglecting the adverse effects of major diseases, which is detrimental to enhancing the psychological well-being of women with cancer. Based on cancer impacts, this study aims to clarify the depressive state, development trends, and influencing factors in Chinese women with cancer, a group particularly susceptible to depression, to provide decision-making references for improving their psychological well-being. Using follow-up panel data from five waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), Chinese women with cancer who had complete observed values were selected as research subjects. After data cleaning, a balanced short panel dataset containing 1,030 samples was obtained. The depression characteristics and development trends in women with cancer were analyzed using the panel statistical method, and the influence of socio-demographic factors was examined using a panel stochastic trend model. The overall depression of Chinese women with cancer has deteriorated, putting them at risk of moderate depressive disorder. The development trend shows an inverted "U" curve, with significant differences observed among various groups based on urban and rural residency, educational levels, and regional locations. Specifically, urban women with cancer show milder depressive symptoms than those in rural areas, and women in the eastern region, those with higher educational levels, and those with non-reproductive system cancers show milder depressive symptoms than those in the central and western regions, those with lower educational levels, and those with reproductive system cancers. Regression analysis indicates that socio-demographic factors significantly influence depression in women with cancer. Among these influencing factors, age, having a spouse, high educational level, good performance in the activity of daily living (ADL), frequent visits to neighbors, and regular exercise are protective factors against depression, while diabetes, dyslipidemia, frequent outpatient visits, frequent hospitalizations, smoking, and low life satisfaction are risk factors for depression. The depressive state among Chinese women with cancer is alarming. In view of this, there is an urgent need for introducing more supportive policies aimed at improving psychological health, developing tailored measures to address the specific needs of different groups, intensifying efforts to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of depression, particularly for those in rural areas, central and western regions, and among individuals with lower educational levels. Additionally, the role of social participation activities, such as visiting neighbors and exercising, should be given full play to alleviate depressive symptoms.

Parenting Practices and Well-Being and Health Behaviors Among Young Asian American Children

Literature suggests that well-being and health status differ by generational status among Asian American individuals. To compare young children's well-being and health behaviors and their parents' parenting practices among families of second-generation Asian American, third- or later-generation Asian American, and third- or later-generation non-Hispanic White children in the US. For this survey study, secondary data analysis was conducted from September 2, 2023, to June 19, 2024, using data from the 2018 to 2022 National Survey of Children's Health participants aged 6 months to 5 years. Parents completed a survey about their positive parenting practices and their child's psychological well-being and health behaviors via mail or online. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted to compare psychological well-being and health behaviors by study groups and positive parenting practices, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Positive parenting practices (ie, reading, storytelling or singing, and family meals), psychological well-being (ie, flourishing, social-emotional development, and self-regulation), and health behaviors. The analysis included 42 846 participants (5456 in 2018, 5140 in 2019, 7494 in 2020, 12 817 in 2021, and 11 939 in 2022; 46.6% female and 53.4% male). Participants were categorized into 3 groups: 2881 (6.7%) were second-generation Asian American children aged 0 to 5 years, 570 (1.3%) third- or later-generation Asian American children aged 0 to 5 years, and 39 395 (92.0%) third- or later-generation non-Hispanic White children aged 0 to 5 years. Compared with White children, Asian American children were less likely to flourish (odds ratio [OR], 0.57 [95% CI, 0.52-0.63] for second-generation Asian American; OR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.65-1.03] for third- or later-generation Asian American), have regular bedtimes (OR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.69-0.92] for second-generation Asian American; OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.49-0.88] for third- or later-generation Asian American), and have moderate screen time (OR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.84-1.00] for second-generation Asian American; OR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.69-0.97] for third- or later-generation Asian American). Results for regular reading and storytelling or singing were the lowest among second-generation Asian American children (1430 [49.6%] for reading and 1629 [56.5%] for storytelling or singing), followed by the third- or later-generation Asian American children (376 [66.0%] for reading and 412 [72.3%] for storytelling or singing) and than White children (28 628 [72.7%] for reading and 30 375 [77.1%] for storytelling or singing) (P < .001). Results for family meals were similar between second-generation (2356 [81.8%]) and third- or later-generation (467 [81.9%]) Asian American children; however, both were significantly lower than for White children (33 928 [86.1%]) (P < .001). All 3 positive parenting practices were positively associated with children's psychological well-being and health behaviors. This survey study of young children found lower likelihoods of flourishing, regular bedtimes, and moderate screen time among Asian American children compared with non-Hispanic White children in the US. Reading and storytelling or singing parenting practices, which were associated with children's well-being and health behaviors, were particularly less frequent among parents of second-generation Asian American children than those of third- or later-generation Asian American children. Promotion of these practices among Asian immigrant parents may help improve the psychological well-being and health behaviors of their young Asian American children.

Does Participation in Group Music Activities and Pro-Social Behavior Among College Students Have an Association? A Study of the Interlocking Mediating Effects of Positive Social Connections and Peer Support.

It has been demonstrated that music can be an effective tool for shaping the future of college students. This study aimed to investigate the effects of college students' participation in group music activities on their pro-social behavior, and for the first time introduced the psychological variables of "positive social connections" and "perceived peer support". The results of this study show the following: (1) Group music activity participation is positively associated with pro-social behavior. (2) Positive social connections serve as a mediator between college student group music activity participation and college students' pro-social behavior. (3) Perceived peer support serves as a mediator between college student group music activity participation and college students' pro-social behavior. (4) Positive social connections and perceived peer support interlock to shape the relationship between group music activity participation and pro-social behavior. This study explores the intrinsic factors of college students' participation in group music activities to promote their pro-social behavior from the dual perspectives of music psychology and behavioral psychology, provides empirical support for educational practice, emphasizes the importance of group music activities in promoting the development of college students' pro-social behavior, and provides insights into new perspectives for college students' overall healthy development.

Examining the Role of Psychological Symptoms and Safety Climate in Shaping Safety Behaviors Among Construction Workers.

Construction workers are often subjected to strenuous manual labor, poor working conditions, and prolonged separation from family, leading to psychological symptoms such as stress, depression, and anxiety. These psychological factors, combined with safety climate elements like risk perception and safety attitude, significantly influence workers' safety behaviors, including risk-taking, safety compliance, and safety participation. To address these issues, this study investigates the interplay between psychological symptoms, safety climate, and safety behaviors among construction workers in Mainland China. Data were collected through a survey of 160 construction workers, with results analyzed using correlation and regression techniques. The findings reveal that: (1) risky behavior is primarily driven by anxiety and risk perception; (2) safety participation is influenced by safety attitudes and levels of depression; and (3) safety compliance is affected by risk perception, safety attitude, stress, and depression. Interestingly, an inverse relationship is observed between depression and both risky behavior and safety compliance. These results underscore the importance of addressing psychological well-being to improve safety outcomes. Practical implications include providing psychological counseling, stress management training, and improving social connections for workers, such as facilitating regular video calls with family members or offering travel reimbursements.

Desire, Bad-faith and Being-for-other Existential Thought in American Psycho

Existentialism is a prominent intellectual movement that emerged in the 1940s and 1950s, profoundly influenced modern and postmodern philosophy. Some of Sartres important ideas on freedom, commitment, responsibility, anxiety, and identity are artistically expressed through his fictional work, inspired countless later writers. Bret Easton Ellis's American Psycho, initially criticized for its graphic depictions of violence, has proven to hold deeper philosophical significance. The large number of direct and indirect references to the classics of existentialist fiction demonstrates the solid foundation of existentialist thought, delving into the pathology of the postmodern individual, demonstrates the different manifestations of existential crisis in different times. By American Psycho, Ellis intertwined this new expression of existential thought with the social critique advanced. Through Sartre's existentialist ideas, this dissertation examines the novel's satirical depiction of the empty banality of modern consumer culture, disturbing scenes of excessive violence, and the internal logic of the psychology of the characters' behavior. The novel demonstrates the unique development of the existentialist novel, by exploring the existential state of the postmodern subject in the late twentieth century. It also shows the existential crisis in the postmodern society, through the pathological psychology and behavior of the novel's protagonist

The Fear Primacy Hypothesis in the Structure of Emotional States: A Systematic Literature Review.

Fear, an emotion ingrained through evolutionary adaptation, triggers protective responses to ward off threats. Yet, in some instances, the neural networks tied to fear can lead to psychosomatic ailments and behavioural issues, including the maladaptive type. This study aims to hypothesize about fear, probing its neurophysiological traits and its impact on cognitive-emotional facets of the psyche. A systematic review of theoretical literature was conducted, utilizing PubMed and Scopus databases. Comparative analysis, abstraction, and synthesis methods were employed, and 34 sources that met the inclusion criteria analysed. Our findings highlight the pivotal role fear plays in the human psyche, potentially serving as the foundation for all emotions, feelings, and states experienced by individuals. Treating fear and related anxiety disorders poses challenges due to the recurrence of fear-based memories, which perpetuate negative symptoms in patients. Various techniques, like hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, and exposure therapy, are actively employed with these patients. However, none offer a universal solution, necessitating personalized approaches to address individual fears. MindChat may be promising in therapeutic settings to address fear responses without altering cognition or fostering avoidance behaviour, but empirical evidence supporting its efficacy is limited, and further research is needed to validate its effectiveness. The utilization of fear as a potent tool in engaging with the psyche underscores the potential value of this study for psychotherapists in clinical practice and professionals in affective neurobiology and behavioural psychology. It redirects attention toward fear's significance, urging a deeper exploration in future research endeavours.

A bibliometric analysis of comparative psychology and animal behaviour research in Hispanic America

Introduction: This study aimed to quantify and analyse scientific activity in Comparative Psychology and Animal Behaviour across the 19 Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America. This was achieved by examining articles published in journals indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1975 to 2024 by authors affiliated with institutions in these countries. Method: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 26 journals specialised in Comparative Psychology and Animal Behaviour, covering aspects such as historical production, authorship analysis, manuscripts, citations, countries, affiliations, and funding sources. The most relevant keywords, thematic mapping, thematic trends, and most frequently studied species were also identified. Results: A total of 1,971 articles were found. Most of the research output from Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America was concentrated in Mexico (35.1%), Argentina (21.6%), and Panama (12.8%). The contributions were mainly from authors associated with the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (16%), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (14%), and the Universidad de Buenos Aires (8%). Additionally, it was identified that animal welfare and sexual selection are central themes in the field. Further indicators are presented to reflect the status of comparative psychology and animal behaviour research in this region. Conclusion: The primary limitations and gaps in the region are discussed, highlighting areas for improvement in the field.

Experiences of fasting during Ramadan in British Muslims: Psychological, social and health behaviours.

Ramadan is a month-long religious festival observed by Muslim worldwide, characterised by intermittent fasting. This qualitative study addressed the need to understand how fasting is experienced by Muslims residing in Western cultures, aiming to inform policies that create a more supportive environment. Practicing Muslims, both men and women, were recruited in the North of England in the United Kingdom (UK). Data were collected by individual interviews (N = 7) and focus group discussion (N = 4) and then analysed using Social Ecological Theory as a framework. Fasting was managed at the individual level through instrumental food choice and eating practices, and by adapting sleep routines. Disrupted sleep routines posed a challenge for those who had to adhere to Western working schedules, leading to perceived detriments to cognitive function and mood. The sense of belonging associated with Ramadan was seen as a motivating factor for fasting. Breaking the fast (Iftar) was marked by social activity and the availability of traditional fried foods. Participants identified the wider Western culture and environment as challenging for those who are fasting. These findings imply a need for policies that enable flexible working practices for Muslims during Ramadan.

Interoceptive ageing and the impact on psychophysiological processes: A systematic review.

Interoception, the perception and response to internal bodily states, significantly influences physical and mental wellbeing. While ageing is associated with interoceptive decline, research has primarily examined selective dimensions of interoception. Understanding these changes is vital as the global population ages, addressing age-related health issues and sustaining psychological wellbeing. This systematic review synthesised findings from 22 studies on age-related interoceptive changes and their impact on psychophysiological processes. Results showed age-related declines (48.4%), no age differences (32.3%), an age-related increase (16.13%), and an inverted U-shaped curvilinear relationship (3.23%) in interoceptive sensitivity across age groups and interoceptive dimensions. Three patterns emerged regarding psychophysiological processes in older adults: altered mind-body connections with age were associated with reduced high-arousal and increased positive emotional experiences, cognitive protective effects, and improved body representation that correlated with better interoceptive sensitivity. These patterns indicate the complex relationships between interoceptive ageing and psychophysiological processes, showing both, aspects of decline and compensatory mechanisms. We propose future research avenues to elucidate the functional significance of different interoceptive dimensions across the lifespan for optimised psychological wellbeing and health behaviours in older adults.

Leadership Styles and Their Effects on Employee Satisfaction in Empowering Happiness at Workplace

This paper explores the intricate relationship between leadership styles and employee happiness, presenting a comprehensive guide for leaders aiming to foster happiness in the workplace. Drawing upon theories of positive psychology and organizational behavior, we delve into the impact of leadership behaviors, such as empathy, support, and autonomy, on employee well-being and job satisfaction. This paper presents the main concepts and theories underpinning the research, including transformational leadership, inspirational, servant, autocratic and authentic leadership, to support the findings. This quantitative study involved 400 people from public sector companies, ranging in employment grades from 41 to 54, who were selected at random for the study. The data were analyzed descriptively by identifying and categorizing themes related to the leadership styles employed within the employees' organizations. The study reveals that Transformational, Authentic, Inspirational, and Servant Leadership styles have a positive impact on workplace happiness through traits such as empowerment, trust, and support, while Autocratic Leadership has a harmful effect due to its rigid and pressure-inducing nature. Organizations should focus on positive leadership styles and steer away from Autocratic approaches to improve employee happiness at work. The study uniquely highlights how Transformational, Authentic, Inspirational, and Servant Leadership styles contribute to workplace happiness, providing valuable guidance for organizations to foster a supportive work environment while mitigating the negative effects of Autocratic Leadership.

Propagation dynamics of vacillating individual with behavioral variation on double-layer social network

This paper investigates behavior propagation in a two-layer network, emphasizing the roles of behavioral vacillation and dependency psychology. By integrating a threshold function model and percolation theory, the study explores how varying degrees of vacillation and network viscosity impact behavior spread. The results show that higher behavioral vacillation accelerates propagation, reduces uncertainty, and lowers the critical threshold, highlighting the significant influence of psychological factors on diffusion. These findings provide valuable insights for real-world applications in marketing strategies, social influence, and public opinion dynamics. Future work should incorporate dynamic network elements to offer a more comprehensive understanding of behavior propagation.

Antecedents of Health Safety Behaviour among the Teachers of China: How Psychological Well-Being Mediates?

Objective: This study examined the effect of career goal development, emotional intelligence and stress reduction on psychological well-being and health safety behavior among teachers working in China. Methods: The data was collected from 350 teachers using convenience sampling. The usable response rate of the study was 58.03%. Result: The findings of the study reveal that emotional intelligence and career goal development have significant effect on psychological well-being. Moreover, health safety behavior was also significantly affected by psychological well-being. Thus, the mediating effect of psychological well-being was confirmed in this study. Conclusion: It is imperative to give importance to career goal development and emotional intelligence for shaping psychological well-being of teachers and their health safety behavior. The study also revealed that not only teachers give proper attention to their psychological well-being, the university management are also accountable to providing healthy work environment by abiding by health and safety procedures, and minimize negative effect on teachers’ health.