Psychological Balance Research Articles

Self-Esteem among University Students: How It Can Be Improved through Teamwork Skills

Teamwork skills have been demonstrated to be excellent allies for the academic and professional sphere, and they can improve students’ psychological balance and self-esteem. For this reason, it is important to explore the relationship between teamwork skills and self-esteem. Considering the relevance of soft skills and self-esteem in university training, the main objective of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between teamwork skills and the successful development of self-esteem, a fundamental emotional factor in education. Additionally, we will analyse how self-esteem is related to other socio-academic factors (age, sex, and GPA). A questionnaire was distributed to social science university students. The Rosenberg 10-item scale, which aims to measure feelings of personal worth and self-respect, has been used to determine self-esteem. To measure soft skills for teamwork, we chose the Teamwork Skills Questionnaire, which evaluates the skill level of an individual in order to participate effectively in teamwork. The regression model indicates that self-esteem predictors related to teamwork skills are decision making, leadership, and communication. The results suggest significant differences in some individual variables, such as sex and age, with lower self-esteem being observed in females and older students. The described enriching interactions suggest the need to integrate teamwork training and self-esteem fostering at university to offer students lifelong competencies for their future success.

Psichologinė religinių jausmų svarba Williamo Jameso požiūriu

The article analyzes the theme of the psychology of religion by the American psychologist William James. It is treated in the context of the works of other pioneers of psychological science at that time. James saw positive sides in religiosity/faith: it is a stimulating factor in life, an integrating aspect of human maturation and even a fundamental factor in human spiritual hygiene. Without religion, it is difficult to achieve the meaning of life, and empirical science, in his opinion, was increasingly eroding the foundations of religion. Therefore, in search of a way out, he tried to create the so-called optimistic philosophy. James explained that a psychologist can be just as objectively interested in religious phenomena as in other everyday psychological matters. Psychology can study theological phenomena, but there is one limitation – psychological research is limited to the area of human feelings and will, which means that it does not study doctrinal questions of the Church institution. The sanctity provided by faith helps a person to gain psychological balance, opens new horizons of life, broadens horizons and gives hope for eternity.

Jungian Archetypes in Hermann Hesse’s Demian

Introduction: This study delves into the interpretation of Hermann Hesse's "Demian" through the lenses of Jungian Psychology and archetypal literary criticism. Specifically, it aims to illuminate the personality traits of the protagonist, Emil Sinclair, using a qualitative approach. Focused on the concept of "individuation," the research employs textual analysis and interpretation to unravel Sinclair's character development across various stages of his life. Methodology: The research methodology involves exploring Hermann Hesse's "Demian" as the primary source of data. Additionally, secondary sources such as books, articles, and previous research on the novel contribute to the data collection process. The research adopts a qualitative approach with interpretive content analysis as the chosen technique. The inductive research approach guides the exploration of the protagonist's psychological journey. Results/Findings: The analysis reveals that Emil Sinclair, the main character, undergoes a transformative process towards "individuation" and psychological balance. Experiencing the "shadow," Sinclair progresses through various stages of mental growth, integrating unconscious elements with consciousness a key aspect from the Jungian perspective. The fusion of opposites, facilitated by his connections with Demian and Frau Eva, contributes to Sinclair's development into a more balanced individual. Future Direction/Implication: This study not only contributes to the understanding of Hermann Hesse's "Demian" but also opens avenues for future research on the psychological processes depicted in literature. The implications extend to the exploration of individuation, psychological maturation, and the integration of opposites in fictional characters. This research sets the stage for further investigations into the profound intersections between literary works, psychological theories, and archetypal criticism.

Використання методики тілесно-орієнтованої терапії "м'ячики" у психологічному відновленні військовослужбовців

Background. In solving the psychological challenges of today, related to the consequences of hostilities, body-oriented methods are a number step in the direction of psychological recovery of Ukrainian military personnel. These psychotechniques not only help relieve emotional stress through physical activity, but also help restore harmony between body and soul. This deep and balanced approach supports mental resilience and adapts the military personnel to difficult situations. The article is aimed at presenting the author's method of body-oriented therapy "Balls" (V.G. Shevchenko) to the wider scientific community and its use in the psychological recovery of military personnel – participants in the russianUkrainian war. It is also important to substantiate the expediency of using this technique as one of the tools for comprehensive psychological recovery of combatants who have survived combat stress. Methods. The research used such theoretical methods as analysis, systematization and generalization of psychological data on the research problem. An analysis of scientific sources on psychological assistance to military personnel using body-oriented approaches was carried out, as well as a synthesis of this information for a better understanding of modern theoretical aspects of psychological recovery using the "Balls" technique. Results. Primarily effective – the five-level training technique "Balls" as a complex of thirteen basic exercises with constantly increasing tasks was decoded within the framework of pilot projects of medical and psychological rehabilitation of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine (2018) on the basis of the Military Medical Clinical Center of the Southern Region in the Odesa region and the base of winter sports "Tysovets" in the Lviv region, which covered about 700 of military personnel – participants in hostilities. Conclusions. A military personnel, after participating in training using the body-oriented "Balls" method, will experience positive changes in the perception and overcoming of stress, will gain new knowledge and skills in psychological self-regulation and will improve the quality of sleep, restore psychological balance, strengthen his internal resources and improve the general well-being It has been established that, in addition to the body-oriented effect, the "Balls" technique develops both simple and complex locomotion, promotes the development of psychomotor grace and contains both preventive and therapeutic effects in overcoming the effects of stress.

Nursing interventions to empower the family caregiver of person with lower limb amputation: scoping review.

to map nursing interventions that empower the Family caregiver of the person with lower limb amputation for is role. scoping review guided by Joanna Briggs Institute methodology conducted in different databases (including gray literature). six studies published between 2009 and 2021 were included. Interventions of counselling and support for patients and family; peer support interventions performed by a certified pair; involvement of caregivers or family members in support groups; and key interventions for patient and family caregiver psychological balance. Two studies discussed the importance of caregiver and amputee training and development of coping skills. Another study recommended Interventions of informative support for caregivers regarding care for the amputee and adaptation to home. results of this review allow the identification of recommendations (guidelines) for practice and recommendations/suggestions for interventions according with identified needs of family caregivers of patients with lower limb amputation.

L’incerto: Paura e bisogno del confine

The concept of border is a much-debated topic, also due to numerous planetary crises of political, economic, and religious origin. The present author supports both the usefulness and the necessity of the border qua psychological entity, insofar as its proper function allows for the process of psychological identification to occur. Moreover, the speed of major socio-cultural changes characterising the contemporary era is argued to be compromising the dynamic psychological balance between growth and transformation, whilst providing the illusion of the psyche as an undifferentiated whole.

The Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Rehabilitation of the Former Prisoners of War

The emotional state of military personnel engaged in the extensive operations taking place in Ukraine is undoubtedly impacted. This especially applies to former prisoners of war (POWs) who have experienced mental and physical trauma. Optimizing their subjective well-being and life satisfaction can contribute to the development of emotional intelligence during the rehabilitation process. The purpose of the study is to identify the importance of emotional intelligence in enhancing the subjective well-being of former POWs. Methods. The following psychometric tests were used for diagnosis: EQ-Test, the Scale of subjective well-being, and Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). During the statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were utilized. Results. The study found that the subjects have low emotional intelligence (M=39.31, SD=12.85), low subjective well-being (M=50.19, SD=11.06), and an average level of life satisfaction (M= 17.05, SD=8.96). Correlation analysis established a direct relationship between emotional intelligence and subjective well-being (r=0.483, p≤0.01) and life satisfaction (r=0.723, p≤0.01). Conclusions. The study statistically confirmed that emotional intelligence is an essential factor in the process of rehabilitation of former prisoners of war, as it contributes to their attainment of subjective well-being and life satisfaction. This aids in reinstating the individual's psychological balance after captivity, enhances the medical and physical recuperation process of the body, and ensures full reintegration. Prospects. The obtained results contribute to the rehabilitation system of rehabilitation for former prisoners of war, as they elaborate a comprehensive emotional intelligence approach to ensure their subjective well-being and life satisfaction.

An effective metaheuristic technology of people duality psychological tendency and feedback mechanism-based Inherited Optimization Algorithm for solving engineering applications

Nature- and society-inspired metaheuristic algorithms have recently become the most promising technological model. To solve more complex optimization problems and complicated engineering applications, this paper proposes a new people duality psychological tendency and feedback mechanism-based Inherited Optimization Algorithm(IOA), which is inspired by people showing positive-negative duality cognitive tendency and adaptive feedback behavior when selecting information resources with different identity attributes. The IOA algorithm contains the symmetric two exploration phases. The exploitation phase adaptively regulates the dualistic psychological balance of people in inheriting the information resources with better existence value through a feedback regulation mechanism controlled by the profitability awareness to increase population diversity. This paper qualitatively and quantitatively evaluates the optimization performance of IOA on 84 benchmarks, including swarm convergence behavior, effectiveness, convergence, robustness, and significance. The scalability of the IOA is investigated using the CEC2017 suites. The algorithm performance in solving constrained optimization is verified on 8 engineering problems. All statistical results of the IOA are compared with the most promising 12 metaheuristics, which shows that the absolute computational efficiency of IOA on four types of functions is 95%, 96.67%, 80.95%, and 76.92%, respectively, the average rank (rank sum ratio) of IOA is 1.08 (1.19%) among the 13 algorithms, ranking first. The Wilcoxon signed rank test results on the CEC2017 suites show that IOA contains 1437 significance indicators out of 1440 comparisons, with the proportion of significant differences 99.79%, which suggests the proposed IOA maintains efficient search efficiency.

论Yama 和Niyama 在瑜伽练习中的作用和价值

This article intends to study the first two dimensions of the Ashatanga (eight-limbed) Yoga: Yama and Niyama, by trying to clarifying their meanings and pointing out their value to physical and mental health. Yama means the social ethics and how to interact with others, which includes non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, non-possessiveness and asceticism. Niyama means personal discipline and practice, which includes purity of the body in a physiological sense, contentment, indifference, self-study and devotion to the Lord. The principles of non-violence, truthfulness, non-possessiveness and in yama can protect asana practitioners free from yogic harms and improve their physical health while knowing how to practice safely. The principles of purity, contentment, indifference and self-study help to maintain psychological balance, promote mental health and avoid some mental illness. Therefore, a deep understanding and practice of the first two limbs of raja yoga help people maintain physical and mental health and achieve a happier life.

Yoga in the Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Sequelae: A Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Stroke survivors can experience various consequences that affect their physical and psychological balance. Yoga seems to be relevant for this population as it allows to work on both the body and the mind. The first objective of this study was to investigate the non-inferiority of yoga compared with conventional physical activity in improving physical function in patients with chronic post-stroke sequelae. The secondary objective was to investigate the superiority of yoga in improving the mental health of these patients. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Thirty-six patients were randomized into two groups to practice a yoga program (YOG'AVC) or the Fitness and Mobility Exercise (FAME) program. Patients were assessed in a blinding mode pre- (T0) and post-program (T1) and 3-4 months after completion (T2). The physical assessments were the Berg Balance Scale, timed up and go test, 6-minute walk test, and quadriceps strength measured by hand-held dynamometer. Questionnaire assessments were: Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale-Simplified, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck's Depression Inventory, and the Reintegration to Normal Living Index. Results: The YOG'AVC program was not inferior to the FAME program in improving balance, functional mobility and muscle strength. Both groups showed significant improvement (p < 0.05) between T0 and T1 in their anxiety, depression, and reintegration to normal life scores, with no significant difference between groups. Discussion: Both programs seem to be valuable in improving the physical abilities and psychological well-being of chronic post-stroke patients. However, further studies are required to confirm the difference between these programs.

Digital applications as tools for psychological adaptation of citizens to changes

As a result of the military aggression of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine, citizens experience acute stress, other mental and emotional burdens, and psychological disorders. Digital technologies can serve as a tool to improve mental health and provide psychological support to citizens, especially for those who find it difficult to access a psychotherapist in direct contact, through the development of applications for psychological adaptation and mental balance support. The purpose of the work was to determine the availability and optimal content of mobile applications for mental health and psychological balance of citizens of Ukraine. A search and analysis of available solutions from the E-Mental-Health category (digital services for mental health) in Ukraine and other countries was conducted. An empirical study of their functions was carried out and a proposal of optimal content for mobile applications was formed as auxiliary tools for working with a specialist psychotherapist or for psychological assistance to citizens during martial law. To determine the need for such applications, a survey “My psychological state in evacuation” was conducted among respondents who are outside the country. In order to determine the most important functions among the list of the created proposal of the optimal content of the application according to the opinion of citizens, an online survey “Ukrainians and digital services” was conducted. It was mainly attended by young people who remained in the country during the military aggression. On the basis of the obtained results, the need of Ukrainian citizens, both those who remained in the country during hostilities and those who are evacuated in other countries, for mobile applications for mental health and psychological assistance to Ukrainians was empirically substantiated. Recommendations have been provided regarding the necessary features of such an application, which can be considered as a project specification for the creation or enhancement of a multifunctional E-Mental-Health app

Digital applications as tools for psychological adaptation of citizens to changes

Due to the military aggression of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, citizens experience acute stress, other mental and emotional burdens, and mental disorders. Digital technologies can serve as a tool to improve mental health and psychological support for citizens, especially for those who have limited access to direct contact with a psychotherapist, by developing applications for psychological adaptation and maintaining mental balance. The purpose of the study is to determine the availability and optimal content of mobile applications for the mental health and psychological balance of Ukrainians. A search and analysis of existing solutions in the category of E-MentalHealth (digital services for mental health) in Ukraine and other countries was conducted. An empirical study of their features was conducted, and a proposal for optimal content for mobile applications as auxiliary tools for working with a psychotherapist specialist or for providing psychological assistance to citizens during martial law was formed. To assess the need for such applications, a survey, “My psychological state in the evacuation”, was conducted among respondents outside the country. The online questionnaire “Ukrainians and digital services” was used to determine the most important features among the list of formed offers for optimal application content. It was attended mainly by young people who remained in the country during the military aggression. The results confirmed the need for mobile applications for mental health and psychological assistance among Ukrainian citizens, including those who stayed in the country during the war and those who were evacuated to other countries. Recommendations are given for mandatory features that can be considered technical requirements for developing or improving a multifunctional application in the category of E-Mental-Health

Як виглядає ворог? Уявлення українців про ворога після повномасштабного вторгнення Росії

The article highlights the process of constructing the image of the enemy in Ukrainians after the beginning of the full-scale invasion by Russia on February 24, 2022. Even though the war has been going on for 2014 years, the full-scale invasion changed the image of the enemy: now it becomes specific from the general image of Russia, and the Russian people are added to the list of enemy subjects, in addition to the government and the army. Based on in-depth interviews conducted immediately after the beginning of the invasion, the main characteristics of the enemy image construction among Ukrainian citizens are analyzed. What kind of enemy can be reflected through the description of personal characteristics of the enemy and emotions that arise towards him. The central element in the perception of the enemy image is that the government, the military, and the population appear as not very powerful but, at the same time, dangerous enemies. Emotionally, two emotions are predominant in Ukrainians’ perception of the enemy: hatred and disgust, which translates into a vision of future relations with Russia. The psychological processes of stereotyping the enemy, mirroring, dehumanization, and selective perception are present in forming the enemy image in the respondents. In addition, a psychological balance shows that the worse the enemy, the better “we” are, and the enemy itself is dangerous but one that can be overcome and defeated.

Snow and ice culture sports tourism development on patients with post-traumatic stress disorder in Jilin Province from the perspective of healthy China

BackgroundPsychological changes caused by traumatic stress, if left untreated for a long time, may become chronic symptoms lasting throughout the second half of life. Sports can make people happy, and can stimulate people’s inner potential. With the development of ice and snow culture and sports tourism in Jilin Province as the background, this study analyzed the influence of ice and snow sports on patients with stress psychological disorders.Subjects and MethodsA total of 300 patients with PTSD were selected as experimental subjects in various hospitals in Jilin Province, and an equal number of experimental and control groups were set up. SCL-90 self-test scale was used in both the experimental group and the control group for the questionnaire survey before and after the experiment. During the 3-month experiment, the control group received conventional treatment, while the experimental group received ice and snow sports extension training in addition to conventional treatment.ResultsThe scores of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), depression, anxiety, hostility and terror disorder were significantly different before and after the experiment (P&lt;0.01). The two factors of interpersonal relationship and paranoia were significantly different before and after the experiment (P&lt;0.05). It was worth noting that there was no significant difference between somatization symptoms and psychiatric symptoms (P&gt;0.05).ConclusionsIce and snow sports intervention can release the tense emotions of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, so as to restore the psychological balance.

Innovation and entrepreneurship education practice curriculum reform on college students with anxiety

Background Psychological construction has always been a key challenge in guiding innovation and entrepreneurship among college students. The reform of practical courses for innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students aims to improve their recognition and satisfaction with innovation and entrepreneurship courses, thereby alleviating the impact of anxiety.Subjects and MethodsTaking senior college students as the research object, this study aims to involve them in the reform of practical courses for innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students. A symptom self-evaluation scale was used to conduct a follow-up survey to explore the impact of the reform of practical courses for innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students on their anxiety psychology.Results The reform of the innovation and entrepreneurship education practice course for college students has a positive impact on their anxiety psychology in all aspects, and there is a positive correlation between this course reform and alleviating their mental health. The anxiety rate of students participating in the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education practical courses for college students is only 6.3%, and the distribution trend of these students’ innovation ability scores is 5.79 ± 1.78. The anxiety level of students who did not participate was 55.4%.ConclusionsThrough the reform of practical courses for innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students, we guide them to actively start businesses, regulate tense emotions, alleviate psychological pressure, reduce anxiety factors, and alleviate anxiety symptoms, thereby achieving psychological balance and forming a stable psychological state.

The Dynamics of Eating Behavior Disorders and the Level of General Psychological Adaptation in Bodybuilding and Fitness Athletes

Knowing the psychological traits and clinically relevant symptoms for the development and maintenance of Eating Behavior Disorders (EDD) in bodybuilding and fitness athletes is a necessity for early intervention and the elimination of stressors that contribute to improving sports performance and quality of life. The aim of the study: To know the dynamics of EDD and the level of general psychological adaptation in athletes who practice bodybuilding and fitness according to sports gender and age. By applying the Inventory of Eating Disorders, EDI-III on 30 participants, bodybuilding and fitness practitioners, aged between 19 and 53, of which 21 are male and 9 are female, psychological traits were investigated relevant (low self-esteem, perfectionism, asceticism, fear of maturity, interpersonal, emotional problems, exaggerated control, and others) in order to know the level of distress and the presence of clinically relevant symptoms for the development and maintenance of EDD (the desire to being thin, bulimia, body dissatisfaction) We concluded that most of the athletes fall within the limits of the threshold values ​​established for the evaluated scales, 30% of the athletes (3 female athletes and 6 male athletes), obtained scores rated above the threshold on at least one of the clinical scales, which means that the risk of EDD is present in some athletes. The average of the investigated psychological scales calculated for the rated scores to establish the level of general psychological adaptation does not exceed the specified threshold for each investigated dimension separately, except for the asceticism, interpersonal problems, and exaggerated control scales. Female athletes have greater psychological balance than male athletes and lower risk of ED than male athletes, important aspects of personality and mental health in psychological training as a screening tool in the process of optimizing the effectiveness of bodybuilding and fitness training.

OUT-OF-SCHOOL EDUCATION AS AN OBJECT OF PUBLIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFLUENCE

The article examines extracurricular education as an object of public-management influence. It was revealed that in the process of functioning of extracurricular education institutions, there are problems related to its availability and quality, as well as regulation by state and non-state organizations. It was determined that despite the difficult conditions of organizing the functioning of extracurricular education institutions, they act and help in ensuring psychological balance, organizing meaningful leisure time, and developing the creative abilities of children and student youth. Due to the fact that some of the educational institutions are located in the occupied territory, some are in the partially occupied territory, some of them have organized work with their pupils in a remote format. In addition, after-school education institutions of Ukraine are actively working to create conditions for the availability of out-of-school education for children who have found themselves in difficult life circumstances due to the war. It was revealed that the management of the educational activities of out-of-school education institutions is carried out through the state centers of out-ofschool education, which, to help the employees of these institutions, create electronic pages on their websites, where they post relevant normative, informational and reference materials regarding the involvement of children in quality and meaningful leisure time. The expediency of considering certain aspects of the study of extracurricular education as an object of public-management influence, such as the history and trends of the development of extracurricular education in Ukraine, is substantiated; the role of state and non-state organizations in the formation and regulation of extracurricular education; factors affecting the availability and quality of extracurricular education. It was concluded that extracurricular education is an important element of the education system, which ensures the development and selfre as an object of public management activity is important for determining the direction of its further development, the management of extracurricular education requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account various aspects of this sphere, such as financing, quality standards, programs and materials, scientific and methodological support, training and staff training, monitoring and performance evaluation.

The Role of Job Insecurity, Social Media Exposure, and Job Stress in Predicting Anxiety Among White-Collar Employees.

The purpose of this study is to examine the combined effects and relationships between social media exposure, job insecurity, job stress, and anxiety among individuals and to propose an innovative model exploring how these factors contribute to increased anxiety. This empirical research paper focuses on understanding the role of job insecurity, social media exposure, and job stress in predicting anxiety levels. The study was conducted on a sample of 292 white-collar employees in various organizations and institutions across the United States amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing economic crisis, during the broader transition to a digital working environment. A self-report Likert-type questionnaire was administered to measure employees' job stress, uncertainty, anxiety levels and social media exposure. The present study employed theoretical background of Lazarus' Theory of Psychological Stress and the JDR Model. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships between these constructs, while confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the validity of the measurement model. The study provides empirical support for the claim that employees with pervasive job stress will likely develop anxiety symptoms. It also highlights the mechanisms by which social media exposure increases employees' anxiety levels and how management and policymakers can buffer the stressors. The research emphasizes the importance of addressing occupational mental health problems, and the implications of the findings indicate the need for managerial interventions in securing effective measures for buffering stress and controlled social media usage. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by informing managers and policymakers on key aspects to consider in promoting psychological balance and a healthy organizational climate.

Technical creativity and technical skills as a source of pupils’ physical and psychological balance

Technical education, the important condition of which is the development of technical skills, technical creativity, as well as technical thinking, is also meant to ensure the physical and psychological balance of the learner’s personality. The contribution, which is the output of the project VEGA no. 1/0550/22, includes presented research fi ndings reporting that the state of a pupil, student or a teacher developing their thinking, skills, and creativity and demonstrating a positive relationship with the content of technical education in all areas of development, creates the environment of a physical and psychological balance of the learner as well as prevents risk behaviour. The research uses a set of research methods (original questionnaire, interviews, pre-test, test, post-test, and others) implemented on a sample of 86 examined respondents showing a statistical signifi cance among the examined variables.

Gambaran Kualitas Tidur Pada Lansia Dengan Hipertensi Di Desa Marga, Kecamatan Marga, Tabanan

Background: A non-communicable disease that mostly affects the elderly in Indonesia is cardiovascular disease, which is the biggest cause of death for people aged 65 years and over with a higher number of deaths in developing countries. One of the non-communicable diseases commonly experienced by the elderly in society is hypertension or high blood pressure. Hypertension that occurs in society often causes problems, one of which is sleep quality disturbances. Sleep quality is one of the risk factors for hypertension. Inadequate sleep quality results in physiological and psychological balance disorders. Hypertension can be prevented by controlling risk factors, most of which are behavioral factors in the form of life habits, one of which is sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of sleep in the elderly with hypertension Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach using a questionnaire and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total sample of 61 respondents. Results: The most respondents were 60-74 years old with a total of 50.83%, the most sex was women with 57.4%. The most common sleep quality for the elderly was poor sleep quality at 64%. Conclusion: Most of the sleep quality of elderly with hypertension in Marga Village is poor, where hypertension affects the quality of sleep of the elderly so that it is hoped that the elderly will check their blood pressure regularly and carry out therapy to help stabilize blood pressure so that the quality of sleep can be improved.