Aspects Of Psychological Health Research Articles

Beyond the Finish Line: Examining the Role of Children in Marathon Races-A Narrative Review.

Compared with other sports, running is popular sport for children throughout the world. Over the last few decades, marathon running has become increasingly popular even in the age group below 18 years. While the majority of youth athletes fall within the 16-18 age range, it is noteworthy that there are also participants younger than 12 years engaging in marathon races. Advice on the safety of youth athletes participating in these events is frequently sought by parents, coaches, sport scientists, and medical professionals, particularly concerning potential short- and long-term health consequences. The act of marathon running has the potential to impact key organ systems during the crucial phases of growth and development. To ensure the safety of marathon running in youth runners, it is essential to address multiple physiological and psychological aspects of health. These recommendations are directed towards ensuring the safe participation of youth athletes in marathon races through proper and individualized assessments.

Psychological perspectives on divine forgiveness: 3. Trait self-control is associated with well-being through seeking divine forgiveness.

Although a majority of the world's population believes in a Higher Power and subscribes to a religion in which divine forgiveness is emphasized, little work has been done to understand individual differences associated with seeking divine forgiveness. Building on work that suggests trait self-control facilitates well-being, the current study (N = 439, undergraduate students) applies structural equation modeling (SEM) to test whether believers higher (vs. lower) in trait self-control are more likely to seek divine forgiveness, and, in turn, have better psychological health. We find that people higher in self-control engage in more divine forgiveness seeking (b = 0.16), and seeking divine forgiveness represents one of the pathways associated with psychological health (i.e., seeking is associated with higher well-being, b = 0.21, and lower distress, b = -0.07). Crucially, we operationalize both positive (well-being and flourishing) and negative (depression, anxiety, stress) aspects of psychological health and control for religiosity. These results suggest that for those who believe in God, seeking divine forgiveness may be one mechanism that links individuals' self-control to good psychological health, and this is not merely an artifact of higher levels of religiosity. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Cannabidiol for moderate-severe insomnia: a randomized controlled pilot trial of 150 mg of nightly dosing.

Low-dose cannabidiol (CBD) has become readily available in numerous countries; however, little consensus exists on its efficacy as a sleep aid. This trial explored the efficacy of 150 mg of CBD (n = 15) compared with placebo (n = 15) as a sleep aid in primary insomnia. CBD supplementation was hypothesized to decrease insomnia symptoms and improve aspects of psychological health, relative to placebo. Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel design featuring a single-blind placebo run-in week followed by a 2-week double-blind randomized dosing phase, participants consumed the assigned treatment sublingually 60 minutes before bed nightly. Wrist-actigraphy and sleep diaries measured daily sleep. Sleep quality, sleep effort, and well-being were measured weekly over 4 in-laboratory visits. Insomnia severity and trait anxiety were measured at screening and study conclusion. Insomnia severity, self-reported sleep-onset latency, sleep efficiency, and wake after sleep onset did not differ between treatments throughout the trial (all P > .05). Compared with placebo, the CBD group reported greater well-being scores throughout the trial (trial end mean difference = 2.60; standard error: 1.20), transient elevated behavior following wakefulness scores after 1 week of treatment (mean difference = 3.93; standard error: 1.53), and had superior objective sleep efficiency after 2 weeks of treatment (mean difference = 6.85; standard error: 2.95) (all P < .05). No other significant treatment effects were observed. Nightly supplementation of 150 mg CBD was similar to placebo regarding most sleep outcomes while sustaining greater well-being, suggesting more prominent psychological effects. Additional controlled trials examining varying treatment periods and doses are crucial. Registry: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; Name: Cannabidiol (CBD) treatment for insomnia; URL: https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12620000070932; Identifier: ACTRN12620000070932. Narayan AJ, Downey LA, Rose S, Di Natale L, Hayley AC. Cannabidiol for moderate-severe insomnia: a randomized controlled pilot trial of 150 mg of nightly dosing. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(5):753-763.

An integrated approach to Correcting the Physical and Psychoemotional State of female students working with migrant children

The article aims to investigate the effectiveness of the author's program “Correction of the Physical and Psychoemotional state of female students working with migrant children”, which combines psycho-training practical classes and training classes in health fitness. Materials and methods. The program includes psycho-training practical sessions to develop psychological well-being, stress resistance and psychological harmony, and health fitness training sessions to improve the body's functional state. The program integrates physical and psychological aspects of health. Forty-four female students of the 1st-2nd years of the Yuriy Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University of the Faculty of Physical Culture and Human Health took part in the pedagogical experiment. Results. We found that the program for correcting the physical and psycho-emotional state of female students, which included psycho-training practical classes and health fitness training classes, contributed to a decrease in the values of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and pelvic circumference (p&lt;0.05; p&lt;0.001). The results showed statistically significant differences (p&lt;0.05; p&lt;0.001) between the initial and final stages of the study. After using the developed program, we observed statistically significant changes (p &lt; 0.05) in situational and personal anxiety levels. The percentage of female students with a high level of situational anxiety decreased from 27.3 % to 0.0 %, and the average level decreased from 54.5 % to 15.9 %. Personality anxiety also reduced from a high of 43.2 % to 0.0 %, and the intermediate level decreased from 54.5 % to 20.5 %. Conclusions. The results of our study confirm the effectiveness of the author's program “Correction of the physical and psycho-emotional state of female students working with migrant children” in improving the physical development, functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and psychological well-being of the participants. The application of the program led to a decrease in anxiety, an improvement in body composition, a reduction in the volume of adipose tissue, and an increase in the adaptation capabilities of the body. Key words: correction program, physical condition, psycho-emotional well-being, female students, immigrant children.

Healing Hands: The Art and Science of Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy, often referred to as the "healing hands" of healthcare, occupies a unique and essential role in modern healthcare. This multidisciplinary field blends the art of compassionate care with the rigor of scientific inquiry, providing a holistic approach to healing. The art of physiotherapy is exemplified by the skillful touch of practitioners, guided by a profound understanding of individual patient needs and a therapeutic alliance built on empathy and trust. In contrast, the science of physiotherapy underpins evidence-based practices, with practitioners possessing a deep knowledge of human anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics. Physiotherapy's critical role in modern healthcare spans rehabilitation, chronic disease management, preventive care, sports performance enhancement, pain management, and geriatric support. It embodies a holistic approach to well-being, addressing not only physical symptoms but also the emotional and psychological aspects of health. This article explores the art and science of physiotherapy and its diverse roles in enhancing the quality of life for individuals across the globe.

Chinese calligraphic handwriting practice promotes positive affect in adolescents: Converging evidence from correlational and experimental designs

Chinese calligraphic handwriting (CCH) practice has proven to be beneficial to several aspects of psychological health and has been considered a complementary therapy for mental disorders. However, less is known about whether CCH practice benefits an individual's positive affect, a core component of affective well-being. Therefore, we examined this question in Chinese adolescents by combining correlational and experimental methods. In Study 1 (N = 1460), we found that high school students who practiced CCH had higher positive affect in their daily lives than those who did not practice CCH. In Study 2, a training experiment was conducted with college students, who were randomly assigned to receive either CCH training or no treatment. A six-day short-term CCH training led to a significant benefit in positive affect in the training group (N = 23) relative to the control group (N = 27). Together, our study provides converging evidence that CCH practice can promote positive affect in adolescents, further supporting the promotion of CCH in mental health practice.

Effect of Group-based Fallproof Program on Balance and Psychological Health of the Elderly With Different Ages

Background and Aims Balance control is needed to walk and function independently. Decreased balance accompanied by fear of falling can have a negative effect on the mental and physical health of older adults. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of group-based Fallproof program on balance and psychological aspects of health in the elderly with different ages. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, the study population consists of all healthy community-dwelling older people in Tehran, Iran. Based to the inclusion criteria, 60 people aged 65-85 years were selected using a convenience sampling method from public recreational centers. They were divided into three age groups: 65-71, 72-78, and 79-85 years. All groups received a group-based Fallproof program for eight weeks, three times a week. The Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised was used to measure psychological problems, and the Fullerton Advanced Balance scale was used to identify balance problems in the pre-test and post-test phases. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normality of data distribution, and analysis of covariance was used to measure the mean differences between groups The significance level was set at 0.05. Results The results showed a significant improvement in balance and psychological health of all three groups after the intervention (P&lt;0.001). The oldest group showed more significant improvement in all dependent variables when compared to other two groups. Therefore, older adults not only can benefit from exercise-based interventions, but also can achieve better physical and psychological results in short period by participating in group-based Fallproof program. Conclusion Eight weeks of group-based Fallproof program can be effective in improving balance and psychological health of the elderly and can be used along with other training protocols for improving balance problems of older adults.

The Level of Psychological Health Resulting from Home Quarantine Due To Covid-19 Crisis and its Relationship to some Variables among a Sample of Jordanians

This study aimed to identify the level of psychological health resulting from home quarantine due to Covid-19 crisis and its relationship to some variables among a sample of Jordanians according to the variables of sex, age and marital status. The size of the study sample was (1095) respondents from both sexes, divided into 705 females (64.4%) and 390 males (35.5%). The link to the instrument used was published on the Institute for Family Health’s Facebook page. The instrument of psychological health aspects the researchers developed, was used for the purpose of the study. The results indicated that the effect of home quarantine in light of the Covid-19 crisis on some aspects of psychological health was of a moderate degree, and that there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the gender variable, and that there were statistically significant differences attributed to the age variable in the (19-29) years group, in addition to the existence of statistically significant differences in the effect of home quarantine on some aspects of psychological health due to the marital status variable, specifically the unmarried group.

The impact of dance‐movement interventions on psychological health in older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

AbstractBackgroundGood psychological health is proposed as a key factor in the protection against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and age‐related cognitive decline1. Multimodal motor, cognitive, sensory, and social enrichment as induced by dance‐movement interventions (DMI) could promote psychological health in the older population. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated the impact of DMI compared to control intervention (active/passive) on psychological health in older adults.MethodsA systematic search of three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo; screenings: April and November 2021) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of DMI (minimum 4 weeks’ duration) on health‐related psychological outcomes (primary outcome) and global cognitive functioning (secondary outcome) among non‐demented older adults (≥ 55 years of age). A random‐effects meta‐analysis with robust variance estimation was carried out. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021265112).ResultsData of 13 eligible primary RCTs (n = 943, n‐DMI = 474, n‐control = 469) were synthesized. Overall heterogeneity of results and risk of bias across RCTs were high. DMI had a small positive impact on psychological health compared to control (g = 0.31; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): [0.09, 0.53]; p = .01, I2 = 62.55). Separation of psychological health into positive and negative outcomes and particularly social and emotional aspects showed similar trends favouring DMI compared to control (see Figure 1). Analysis of secondary outcomes indicated a positive effect of DMI on global cognitive functioning (g = 0.48; 95%CI: [0.03, 0.93], p = .04, I2 = 82.44). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested that the implementation of longer intervention durations and psychotherapeutic elements increase the psychological health benefits of DMI.ConclusionMultimodal interventions, as specifically offered by DMI, may serve as an effective tool to promote psychological health together with cognitive functioning in older adults. High‐quality future trials are needed to expand evidence on the particular aspects of psychological health and identify underlying neurophysiological correlates. We will present a protocol for a prospective RCT to assess the impact of a DMI on psychological, cognitive and brain health outcomes in the older population at increased risk of AD.References1Livingston G, et al. Lancet 2020.

Revisiting state personhood and world politics: identity, personality and the IR subject

The questions of whether states are persons, and whether they have emotions or other psychological traits, are old but ever relevant in International Relations (IR). The debate has attracted renewed interest in recent years, due to the increase in scholarship drawing on insights from psychology and psychoanalysis. Revisiting state personhood and world politics starts with the observation that states’ foreign policies are frequently described as ‘schizophrenic’ and questions what can be gained from treating states as full psychological persons. To this end, Bianca Naude offers an alternative way to approach the state-as-person debate: the author mobilizes the notion of ‘personality’, defined as an ‘ensemble of emotions, desires, beliefs, values, behaviors … that characterize a person's interactions with the outside environment’ (p. 10). Drawing on Heinz Kohut's elaboration of Sigmund Freud's theory of narcissism, Naude argues that narcissism is a normal aspect of psychological health, which creates aspirational self-images and thus the foundation for self-esteem. By relating to others, state persons develop a personality and identities that generate behavioural expectations. When they cannot live up to these expectations, states use ego defences to protect themselves and regain self-esteem. Consequently, ‘seemingly incomprehensible state behaviors are, in reality, reactions to the everyday stresses of life’ (p. 170). To illustrate this argument, Naude provides an in-depth analysis of two instances where South Africa seemingly acted ‘schizophrenically’: during its vote in favour of the United Nations Security Council resolution supporting military intervention in Libya (2011), and during its decision not to execute an arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (2015).

Quality of life of patients with paraurethral cysts

Background. Paraurethral cyst (PC) is often found in women aged 20–60 years. The prevalence of PC in the female population is 1–6 %. Since PC are often located in the distal urethra and lie close to the genitals of a woman, the symptoms associated with this disease cause women both physical and psychological suffering.Aim. To assess the quality of life of women with PC.Materials and methods. The study included female individuals (n = 106) aged 18–60 years, in whom PC were detected during examination of the perineal region. The quality of life of the patients was assessed on the basis of the health quality questionnaire – SF-36.Results. The average volume of the PC in the observed women was 3.2 ± 1.3 cm. In the observed women, the intensity of pain in the perineum was directly proportional to the duration of the disease: up to a year – 86.3 ± 4.1; from one to three years – 76.4 ± 8.3; more than three years – 64.4 ± 9.2 (p &lt;0.05). In this regard, in this category of patients, indicators of physical activity, psychological health and role functioning due to emotional state were reduced. Repeatedor constant pain during urination and during sexual activity causes severe distress, which affects the quality of life of patients with cystic formations in the paraurethral region.Conclusion. In women with PC on the background of dyspareunia up to 3 years and more, physical and psychological aspects of health suffer.

ПОКАЗНИКИ ПСИХІЧНОГО ТА СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ

Purpose. The article is dedicated to the investigation of psychological and mental health of students of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University in the war-time. The topicality of the research problem concerns the nature of mental, psychological and social health. The human health as a condition of physical, mental and social well-being is considered from the perspective of the holistic approach. The current state of mental and social health of education seekers in modern conditions determine the relevance of our research. Psychological health is an important component of a person’s social well-being and vitality. Methods. Empirical methods were chosen for the research. The processing of the results of the empirical research was carried out using the calculation of the percentage of people with respect to the levels of manifestation of the selected signs of mental and social health, followed by a qualitative interpretation and meaningful generalization of the data. Results. It is empirically proved that the level of mental health of some students is quite low and only a small part of youth has no social anxiety disorder. Over half of the students have high and above average indicators, but a certain number of students have clinical implications of social anxiety disorder. Subclinical and clinical implications of anxiety are typical for the quarter of students of the 1–3 years of study of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. The third of them has subclinical and clinical implications of depression. Conclusions. The obtained results testify to the recorded indicators of the level of psychological health of the students of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. This is a hint about those aspects of psychological health that require special attention in preventive work with students of higher education by the Psychological Service of Oles Honchar DNU. In the conditions of war, the Psychological Service continues to provide psychological help to the participants of the educational process of our higher education institution, focusing on new requests under new conditions.

Accelerometer-Based Identification of Fatigue in the Lower Limbs during Cyclical Physical Exercise: A Systematic Review.

Physical exercise (PE) is beneficial for both physical and psychological health aspects. However, excessive training can lead to physical fatigue and an increased risk of lower limb injuries. In order to tailor training loads and durations to the needs and capacities of an individual, physical fatigue must be estimated. Different measurement devices and techniques (i.e., ergospirometers, electromyography, and motion capture systems) can be used to identify physical fatigue. The field of biomechanics has succeeded in capturing changes in human movement with optical systems, as well as with accelerometers or inertial measurement units (IMUs), the latter being more user-friendly and adaptable to real-world scenarios due to its wearable nature. There is, however, still a lack of consensus regarding the possibility of using biomechanical parameters measured with accelerometers to identify physical fatigue states in PE. Nowadays, the field of biomechanics is beginning to open towards the possibility of identifying fatigue state using machine learning algorithms. Here, we selected and summarized accelerometer-based articles that either (a) performed analyses of biomechanical parameters that change due to fatigue in the lower limbs or (b) performed fatigue identification based on features including biomechanical parameters. We performed a systematic literature search and analysed 39 articles on running, jumping, walking, stair climbing, and other gym exercises. Peak tibial and sacral acceleration were the most common measured variables and were found to significantly increase with fatigue (respectively, in 6/13 running articles and 2/4 jumping articles). Fatigue classification was performed with an accuracy between 78% and 96% and Pearson’s correlation with an RPE (rate of perceived exertion) between r = 0.79 and r = 0.95. We recommend future effort toward the standardization of fatigue protocols and methods across articles in order to generalize fatigue identification results and increase the use of accelerometers to quantify physical fatigue in PE.

Psychological Health and Digital Social Participation of the Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Blekinge, Sweden-An Exploratory Study.

COVID-19 has affected the psychological health of older adults directly and indirectly through recommendations of social distancing and isolation. Using the internet or digital tools to participate in society, one might mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on psychological health. This study explores the social participation of older adults through internet use as a social platform during COVID-19 and its relationship with various psychological health aspects. In this study, we used the survey as a research method, and we collected data through telephonic interviews; and online and paper-based questionnaires. The results showed an association of digital social participation with age and feeling lack of company. Furthermore, in addition, to the increase in internet use in older adults in Sweden during COVID-19, we conclude that digital social participation is essential to maintain psychological health in older adults.

Cognitive Flexibility Through the Path of Yoga

Cognitive flexibility plays a crucial role in an individual’s ability to adapt to the ever-changing situations and is associated with effective problem-solving and decision-making. Given the wide range of the impact of Yoga on physiological and psychological aspects of health, the purpose of the study was to examine the impact of Yoga-based practices (YBP) on cognitive flexibility among school students. The performance in digit letter substitution test (DLST) was assessed with 80 school students of fifth-grade and 78 students of ninth-grade immediately before and after participating in a single Yoga class and a control session of equal duration. The intervention comprised of YBP focusing on pranayama and relaxation meditation. Data were analysed using mixed-method ANOVA by comparing effect sizes between the two conditions supplemented by a within-group analysis. Most outcome measures exhibited a pattern of worsening in the control group over time, whereas changes in the Yoga group over time were either consistent or showed slight improvements. The findings suggest, at a preliminary level, that YBP are effective in improving students’ cognitive flexibility as well as their academic school readiness. This information is important to consider as it aims at developing students’ executive functions, thereby impacting their future.

Age and training intensity differently affect male runners' endocrine and sexual parameters.

Physical activity is widely recognized to improve health and its inclusion in daily life at all ages is highly recommended. Gonadal hormones are known to be affected by physical activity. The exercise-induced effects on male runners of different ages were investigated by dividing 31 runners by age (Young, Y, 30-55 years; Old, O, 56-70 years) and amount of training (Light, L, <50 km/week; Heavy, H, 50 or more km/week). To test the somatic, sexual, and psychological health aspects, the Aging Male's Symptoms Scale (AMS) and the International Index of Erectile Function-6 (IIEF-6) questionnaires were administered and blood samples were drawn for adrenocorticotropic hormone, testosterone (Total-TT), free testosterone (Free-T), cortisol (C), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin determinations. Clinical evaluations and questionnaire results showed the presence in all groups of some subclinical symptoms and "Light" dysfunctions. TT in the old-heavy (OH) group was significantly lower than in the OL group (2.38 ± 0.18 ng/mL vs. 3.36 ± 0.44 ng/ml, P = 0.05). The TT/DHT ratio was significantly higher in YH than in OH (3.64 ± 0.16 vs. 2.92 ± 0.23, P < 0.05). TT was positively correlated with AMS sexual subscale and negatively correlated with IIEF-6. Physical activity can significantly affect andrological health and testosterone levels in runners at all ages. Thus, due to the important testosterone-mediated vital functions in men, the evaluation of these parameters would be indicated in old as well as in young subjects.

Using the transtheoretical model of behaviour change to analyse the impact of stopping exercise: a reflection.

This article is an analytical reflection of the personal health journey of a first-year nursing student that was undertaken as part of a first-year unit of study. Focusing on social, physical and psychological aspects of health, it explores the impact of the cessation of exercise on her emotional and physical health and wellbeing. This is relevant to current practice as a result of COVID-19, which reduced opportunities for exercise for many people, whether because of self-isolation and lockdown restrictions on leisure facilities or increased workload and caring responsibilities, all of which affect health and wellbeing. The article is presented in the first person, reflecting the personal analysis it captures.

AN IMPACT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON THE LIFE QUALITY OF THE PATIENTS WITH COMORBID STATES

The data on indicators of psychological and physical components of health as the life of persons with comorbid states, who have taken the course of rehabilitation using the means of physical therapy, are given. Generally accepted method for calculating the components of the MOS SF-36 application form was applied in the research. It has been established that regardless of the type of chronic comorbid diseases or states, the physical component of health (PCS) is higher compared to the psychological component of health (MCS) in the integral indicator of quality of life. An individually compiled program of physical therapy, as a basic component of rehabilitation, has been positively reflected on the quality of life by increasing the psychological health indicator by 20.9%.&#x0D; An objective is the analysis of the dynamics of the components of the life quality in the process of 14-day program of physical therapy in patients with comorbid states.&#x0D; Materials and methods. 34 students of Lesia Ukrainka Volyn National University with various combinations of chronic diseases and states were researched. They have taken a 14-day rehabilitation course on the basis of the Western Rehabilitation and Sports Center of the National Committee of Sports of Disabled Persons of Ukraine during a rehabilitation meeting of persons with disabilities. The quality of life was evaluated by the method of two-time anonymous interviews using Medical Outome Study Short Form-36 (MOS SF-36). The statistical data processing was carried out using the MedStat program.&#x0D; The results. During the initial interview it was found out that among the components of physical and psychological aspects of health, the RP indicators were reflected most negatively on the life quality which characterize the activities conditioned by the physical state, operation at work, at home, and the VT indicator, which reflects vital activity as well. Focused 14-day rehabilitation program contributed to improve their values more than a third part of previous one. The PF indicator, that certifies the physical activity of the person, refers to the components that increase the general indicator of life quality of the students with comorbid states. The SF indicator refers to these components as well. It certifies the social activities of the above mentioned persons. Analyzing the dynamics of all indicators of life quality in the process of rehabilitation meeting, it follows that the range of changes varies from 4.2% to 41.7%.&#x0D; Regarding correlation links between the indicators of life quality, there were identified three direct links of moderate force at the beginning of the research: between PF and RE (R = 0.66); between GH and RE (R = 0.53) indicators; between VT and MH indicators (R = 0.62). After the rehabilitation program using physical therapy, a significant negative link between the values of BP and PF (R = -0.64) has been formed. Positive correlation of moderate force appeared between the GH and RP indicators (R = 0.53); between the MH and RP indicator (R = 0.59), GH (R = 0.58), VT (R = 0.63).&#x0D; Conclusions. The comorbid state is negatively reflected on the quality of life, on the perception of capabilities and restrictions. The two-week rehabilitation course using physical therapy means allowed participants of the research to change the perception of their state, capabilities and restrictions in everyday life.

Domestic violence since dark ages till pandemic impacting the lives of women: Analyzing through the lens of ethical, Islamic and Pakistani legal law perspectives

Background: Domestic violence is a public health issue across the globe. Almost one-third of women who have been in a relationship report that they have experienced some form of violence by their intimate partner in their lifetime. Domestic violence is viewed as a prevalent social and public health issue in Pakistan. Domestic violence includes intimate partner violence such as sexual or physical violence.&#x0D; Case presentation: In this paper, domestic violence a real-life case scenario has been examined and analyzed from the lens of ethical, Islamic, and Pakistani law perspectives. Domestic violence's ethical and moral aspect has been studied in light of Kantian and ethical theories.&#x0D; Management &amp; Results: Domestic violence is not only disrespecting women’s fundamental right to live, but it is also harming them in physical, social, mental and psychological aspects of health. Islam has completely forbidden any violence against women and encouraged men to be kind and respectful towards them.&#x0D; Conclusion: This paper reveals the case study encountered, the position taken, supported by the ethical principles, the arguments and counter-arguments for examining domestic violence. Lastly, it is an individual's and our society's responsibility to work for the safety and promotion of women's empowerment in every stage of life.&#x0D;

Clinician Facial Expression of Emotion Corresponds with Patient Mindset.

Mental health has a notable and perhaps underappreciated relationship with symptom intensity related to musculoskeletal pathophysiology. Tools for increasing awareness of mental health opportunities may help musculoskeletal specialists identify and address psychological distress and unhealthy misconceptions with greater confidence. One such type of technology-software that identifies emotions by analyzing facial expressions-could be developed as a clinician-awareness tool. A first step in this endeavor is to conduct a pilot study to assess the ability to measure patient mental health through specialist facial expressions. (1) Does quantification of clinician emotion using facial recognition software correlate with patient psychological distress and unhealthy misconceptions? (2) Is there a correlation between clinician facial expressions of emotions and a validated measure of the quality of the patient-clinician relationship? In a cross-sectional pilot study, between April 2019 and July 2019, we made video recordings of the clinician's face during 34 initial musculoskeletal specialist outpatient evaluations. There were 16 men and 18 women, all fluent and literate in English, with a mean age of 43 ± 15 years. Enrollment was performed according to available personnel, equipment, and room availability. We did not track declines, but there were only a few. Video recordings were analyzed using facial-emotional recognition software, measuring the proportion of time spent by clinicians expressing measured emotions during a consultation. After the visit, patients completed a demographic questionnaire and measures of health anxiety (the Short Health Anxiety Inventory), fear of painful movement (the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia), catastrophic or worst-case thinking about pain (the Pain Catastrophizing Scale), symptoms of depression (the Patient Health Questionnaire), and the patient's perception of the quality of their relationship with the clinician (Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire). Clinician facial expressions consistent with happiness were associated with less patient health anxiety (r = -0.59; p < 0.001) and less catastrophic thinking (r = -0.37; p = 0.03). Lower levels of clinician expressions consistent with sadness were associated with less health anxiety (r = 0.36; p = 0.04), fewer symptoms of generalized anxiety (r = 0.36; p = 0.03), and less catastrophic thinking (r = 0.33; p = 0.05). Less time expressing anger was associated with greater health anxiety (r = -0.37; p = 0.03), greater symptoms of anxiety (r = -0.46; p < 0.01), more catastrophic thinking (r = -0.38; p = 0.03), and greater symptoms of depression (r = -0.42; p = 0.01). More time expressing surprise was associated with less health anxiety (r = -0.44; p < 0.01) and symptoms of depression (r = -0.52; p < 0.01). More time expressing fear was associated with less kinesiophobia (r = -0.35; p = 0.04). More time expressing disgust was associated with less catastrophic thinking (r = -0.37; p = 0.03) and less health anxiety (GAD-2; r = -0.42; p = 0.02) and symptoms of depression (r = -0.44; p < 0.01). There was no association between a clinicians' facial expression of emotions and patient experience with patient-clinician interactions. The ability to measure a patient's mindset on the clinician's face confirms that clinicians are registering the psychological aspects of illness, whether they are consciously aware of them or not. Future research involving larger cohorts of patients, mapping clinician-patient interactions during consultation, and more sophisticated capture of nonverbal and verbal cues, including a broader range of emotional expressions, may help translate this innovation from the research setting to clinical practice. Tools for measuring emotion through facial recognition could be used to train clinicians to become aware of the psychological aspects of health and to coach clinicians on effective communication strategies both for gentle reorientation of common misconceptions as well as for appropriate and timely diagnosis and treatment of psychological distress.