Psychological Adjustment Research Articles

Religiositas dan Penyesuaian Psikologis Ibu Rumah Tangga Selama Pandemi COVID-19

The covid 19 pandemic has a great influence on the psychological condition of individuals, especially housewives. So that good psychological adjustment is needed. The study aims to determine the relationship between religiosity and psychological adjustment in housewives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling techniques with subjects as many as 385 housewives in Limapuluh Kota district. Data collection using 2 research instruments, namely the scale of religiosity from Fetzer and the scale of psychological adjustment compiled by referring to De Vito's theory. The results showed that there was a relationship between religiosity and psychological adjustment in housewives with a correlation coefficient value of 0.318 with a significance level of p< 0.001 with a contribution to psychological adjustment of 10.1%. Psychological adjustment in housewives can be improved through religiosity.

Study on Sleep Procrastination Behavior and Psychological Prevention Strategies Among University Students During Vocational Awareness Internships

The concept of sleep procrastination is a newly introduced notion in the field of health behavior procrastination. It can be summarized as the behavior where individuals, without any external hindrances, still choose to delay their predetermined sleep time. With the rapid development of the socio-economic environment and the internet, people are increasingly going to bed later, making sleep procrastination more prevalent. However, psychological research on sleep procrastination in China remains significantly lacking. This study aims to investigate the current state of sleep procrastination behavior among college students during vocational awareness internships and propose psychological intervention strategies. Through an electronic questionnaire survey of 641 students majoring in Infant Care Services and Management from a vocational college in Weifang, Shandong Province, 541 valid responses were obtained after excluding invalid questionnaires. The results showed that the sleep procrastination behavior of the students was at a moderate to low level, with no significant impact from variables such as only-child status, gender, and place of origin. This study proposes intervention strategies for sleep procrastination behavior among college students through behavior intervention, psychological adjustment, and environmental optimization to improve sleep quality, overall quality of life, and academic performance in vocational awareness .

The relationship of the three “As” of adaptation: Acculturation, adjustment, and academic engagement of Ukrainian war refugees in Estonia’s schools

The article reports on a qualitative study of how schools in Estonia were incorporating Ukrainian war refugee students in the spring of 2023. Observations and interviews were conducted in 7 schools with teachers, school administrators, psychological support staff, refugee students in grades 7–12, and their parents. The study found that schools were balancing three overlapping goals: (1) to ensure psychological adjustment of the refugee students by creating a safe, supportive, and welcoming school environment; (2) to provide students with opportunities to learn and be academically successful, and (3) to facilitate acculturation of refugees into Estonian culture and language. These three “A’s”: adjustment, academics, and acculturation were important in all schools in the study. As schools engaged in implementing the three goals, they found that at times they were in conflict with one another, requiring them to prioritize some and de-emphasize others. The Ukrainian secondary school was created specifically for these students and prioritized adjustment but faced challenges motivating students to engage academically and learn the Estonian language. Russian-medium schools provided the easiest access to the academic curriculum in Russian, without the need to acculturate; but students experienced some anti-Ukraine attitudes from peers and teachers. In Estonian-medium schools, students had the best opportunity to learn Estonian but felt socially isolated and were unable to engage with the Estonian-language curriculum. The study highlights the need for schools to balance these different goals and work to resolve contradictions as they arise in their unique context.

The impact of health information echo chambers on older adults avoidance behavior: the mediating role of information fatigue and the moderating role of trait mindfulness.

In the digital media era, the prevalence of algorithm-driven content push has intensified the health information echo chambers phenomenon, characterized by excessive homogenization and overload of information. This phenomenon may negatively impact the older adults, a "digitally vulnerable" group, by limiting their access to diverse health information and potentially inducing health information avoidance behaviors. However, the psychological mechanisms within this impact process remain unclear, and this study aims to explore them. Additionally, current study introduces trait mindfulness as a potential intervention tool in reducing health information avoidance behavior among the older adults. This study constructs an impact model based on the Stress-Coping Theory and the Stress-Strain-Outcome (SSO) framework. It identifies health information similarity, relevance, and overload as characteristics of the echo chamber, constituting the Stress part; information fatigue as the Strain; and health information avoidance as the Outcome, with trait mindfulness serving as a moderating factor between Strain and Outcome. A cross-sectional survey of 236 older adults individuals aged 60 and above was conducted, and the collected data were analyzed using SmartPLS and SPSS. The study found that health information similarity and overload significantly increased health information fatigue among the older adults, thereby promoting avoidance behavior, but no significant correlation was found between relevance and fatigue. While there was no significant correlation between trait mindfulness and health information fatigue, it effectively moderated the avoidance behavior induced by fatigue. Current study reveals the impact of the health information echo chamber phenomenon on health information avoidance behavior among the older adults and the moderating role of trait mindfulness. It emphasizes the importance of breaking the health information echo chamber and promoting diverse information dissemination to improve the health information behavior of the older adults. Furthermore, the moderating role of trait mindfulness demonstrates positive intervention potential, providing the older adults with a psychological adjustment mechanism to accept and process health information with a more open attitude, thereby reducing unproductive avoidance behavior.

Remembering history: Autobiographical memory for the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, psychological adjustment, and their relation over time.

This longitudinal study examined age- and gender-related differences in autobiographical memory about the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns and whether the content of these memories predicted psychological adjustment over time. A sample of 247 students (Mage = 11.94, range 8-16 years, 51.4% female, 85.4% White) was recruited from public and private schools in Denmark and assessed three times from June 2020 to June 2021. The findings showed that memories weakened over time in detail and emotional valence. Additionally, psychological well-being decreased over time, with adolescent females faring the worst. Critically, memories including higher levels of negative affect and factual information about COVID-19 and the lockdown predicted worse psychological well-being over time, underscoring aspects of autobiographical memory that might help attenuate the negative consequences of the lockdown.

Specificity and integration of meaning in self-defining memories of breast cancer survivors: clinical reflections to promote a narrative identity integration.

Potential traumatic events, such as breast cancer, can influence autobiographical memory (AM), interrupting the continuity of narrative identity. AM is based on a hierarchical search across different levels of specificity that are indexed from top to bottom when a memory is retrieved. In the breast cancer field, non-specific AMs are an observed clinical phenomenon. In particular, breast cancer survivors report issues related to self-defining memories (SDMs), specific and significant AMs that evoke strong emotions and sensory details at the time of memory. SDMs are linked to life goals and facilitate adaptation to critical experiences, preserving the continuity of identity. This study explored the narrative identity integration process of breast cancer survivors, analyzing themes, specificity, and integrative meaning in SDMs. Ten women participated in an online group support program centered on the integration of AMs linked to the cancer journey. Participants were asked to assess their body image perceptions, filling out an online survey three times, in which they had to report three SDMs each time. A reflexive thematic analysis of the SDMs identified three main themes: the onset of breast cancer; the labeling of negative emotions, and changes in the body. The results indicated inhibited retrieval of specific episodes, fostering a progressive failure in memory characterization and the concurrent meaning-making process. Participants struggled with connecting the memories to insights regarding their self and life, as well as relating the memories to external conditions and other individuals. Further studies might examine the impact of these difficulties on the psychological adjustment of BC long-term survivors. They could also explore cognitive reconstruction by reframing the memories and re-evaluating their traumatic meanings.

Parent-adolescent family resilience and psychological adjustment in chronically ill adolescents: An actor-partner interdependence mediation model.

This study explored the relationships between family resilience, dyadic coping and psychological adjustment among adolescents with chronic illnesses and their parents. The actor-partner interdependence mediation model was used to validate the mediating role of dyadic coping in the relationship between family resilience and psychological adjustment. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 318 parent-adolescents dyads were recruited from three paediatric hospitals in Wenzhou, Hangzhou, Shanghai city, China, between June 2022 and August 2023. The parents had a mean age of 41.62 years, and the adolescents had a mean age of 12.66 years. Participants independently completed a self-report questionnaire assessed family resilience, dyadic coping and psychological adjustment. Data analysis was conducted using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model. The findings suggest that in the actor effects, family resilience directly influenced psychological adjustment, and family resilience is related to psychological adjustment through positive dyadic coping. In the partner effect, parents' family resilience influenced adolescents' psychological adjustment through the parents' positive dyadic coping. Similarly, adolescents' family resilience influenced parents' psychological adjustment through both parents' positive dyadic coping and adolescents' negative dyadic coping. Additionally, there was a partner effect between parents' family resilience and adolescents' psychological adjustment. This study demonstrated the importance of developing effective dyadic interventions based on family resilience or positive dyadic coping strategies to improve the mental health of adolescents with chronic illnesses and their parents. The mediating role of dyadic coping in the relationship between family resilience and psychological adjustment among adolescents with chronic illnesses and their parents was demonstrated. Future psychosocial interventions should focus on increasing parents' positive dyadic coping strategies and improving adolescents' negative dyadic coping strategies. No patient or public contribution.

The Application and Development of Music Therapy in Rehabilitation Medicine

Music therapy, as an ancient and continually evolving therapeutic approach, has demonstrated unique effects and extensive potential applications in the field of rehabilitation medicine. This paper first explores the physiological and psychological impacts of music and theoretical models of its therapeutic mechanisms. It further details the specific applications of music therapy in neurological rehabilitation, motor function recovery, psychological and emotional adjustment, and chronic disease and pain management. The article also investigates the prospects of integrating music therapy with modern technologies such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and policy support in advancing this field. Through comprehensive analysis, the paper identifies future development directions and research needs for music therapy in rehabilitation medicine.

Developmental paths from parents' bicultural socialization beliefs to emerging adult depressive symptoms in Chinese American families.

Parents' socialization beliefs have implications for the psychological adjustment of their children through their parenting behaviors; however, such pathways have rarely been established among Chinese American families. The present study examined how Chinese American parents' goals for their children to take on bicultural values and behaviors (i.e., bicultural socialization beliefs) influenced their child's level of depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood through their parenting behaviors and the level of parent-child alienation. Data came from Waves 2 (adolescence) and 3 (emerging adulthood) of a longitudinal study of 444 Chinese American families. Mothers' reports of their bicultural socialization beliefs positively predicted adolescents' reports of mothers' autonomy-supporting behaviors and interdependence-focused shaming behaviors. In addition, there was a significant and negative indirect effect of mothers' bicultural socialization beliefs on emerging adult depressive symptoms through adolescents' reports of mothers' autonomy-supporting behaviors and emerging adults' reports of alienation to their parents. In contrast, there was a significant and positive indirect effect from fathers' reports of their bicultural socialization beliefs to emerging adult depressive symptoms, through emerging adults' reports of alienation only. Findings contribute to our understanding of bicultural processes in Chinese American families and establish that parents' beliefs have significant implications for the psychological adjustment of Chinese American youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Breast, Gastrointestinal, Gynecological, or Lung Cancer.

Individuals who undergo chemotherapy for cancer are at elevated risk of developing depressive symptoms, yet substantial interindividual variation exists in trajectories of these symptoms. To examine interindividual variations in trajectories of depressive symptoms during 2 cycles of chemotherapy and to evaluate associations between demographic and clinical characteristics, symptom severity scores, psychological adjustment characteristics (eg, stress and coping), and initial levels and trajectories of depressive symptoms. Patients (n = 1323) diagnosed with breast, gynecologic, lung, or gastrointestinal cancer completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale 6 times, over 2 cycles of chemotherapy. At enrollment, patients provided demographic information and completed a broad range of symptom, stress, and coping measures. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to identify characteristics associated with initial levels and trajectories of depressive symptoms. Interindividual differences in initial levels of depressive symptoms were associated with marital status, functional status, level of comorbidity, chemotherapy toxicity, sleep disturbance, morning fatigue, cognitive function, global and cancer-related stress, and coping characteristics (ie, sense of coherence, venting, behavioral disengagement, and self-blame). Interindividual differences in depression trajectories were associated with education, cancer type, chemotherapy toxicity, sleep disturbance, evening energy, evening fatigue, cognitive function, global and cancer-related stress, and self-blame. We present new findings concerning the trajectories and predictors of depressive symptoms during chemotherapy. Modifiable risk factors (eg, stress and coping) are important targets for intervening to address depressive symptoms in oncology patients.

Early Mother-Child Interaction Flexibility Predicts Adolescent Psychological Adjustment.

Although greater mother-child interaction flexibility has been linked with overall better adjustment within early childhood and adolescence, whether this link persists across the two developmental periods remains unknown. This longitudinal study examined mother-toddler flexibility in affective and behavioral exchanges as predictors of adolescents' externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Sample included 128 families with their 33-month-old toddlers (52% female), of whom 67 returned in adolescence (M age = 13.25 years, SD = 0.59). Greater affective flexibility during play and behavioral flexibility during snack predicted fewer parent-reported externalizing (but not internalizing) symptoms ten years later, controlling for the positivity-negativity of mother-toddler interactions, early-childhood adjustment, and mother-adolescent flexibility. The findings highlight the unique, prospective role of early-life caregiving flexibility in mitigating adolescents' behavioral problems.

Mediating role of affective experiences in the link between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological adjustment problems and loneliness in emerging adults

ABSTRACT This study examined whether positive and negative experiences mediate the association of intolerance of uncertainty with psychological adjustment problems as well as loneliness. A total of 366 undergraduate students (50.3% females; mean age = 21.24 ± 2.96 years) completed an online survey that included measures of intolerance of uncertainty, positive experiences, negative experiences, psychological adjustment problems, and loneliness. The findings indicated that the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological adjustment problems was mediated by positive and negative experiences. Similarly, the association between intolerance of uncertainty and loneliness was also mediated by positive and negative experiences. These findings suggest that emotional experiences are important in mitigating the negative effects of intolerance of uncertainty on mental health outcomes. Theoretical contributions and practical implications of the results are also discussed.

Culturally responsive teaching self-efficacy and cultural diversity climate are positively associated with the academic and psychological adjustment of immigrant and nonimmigrant students.

This study investigated the associations between teachers' culturally responsive teaching (CRT) self-efficacy, students' perceptions of classroom cultural diversity climate (CDC), and the academic and psychological adjustment of elementary school students in culturally diverse German classrooms. The sample included 41 teachers and 234 fourth grade students (Mage = 10.48, SDage = 0.56, 55% female; 38% first immigrant generation). We conducted multilevel analyses to assess the associations between teachers' CRT self-efficacy, student-perceived CDC (i.e., equal treatment by students and heritage and intercultural learning), and students' school achievement, school belongingness, and life satisfaction. We performed mediation analyses to investigate to what extent student-perceived CDC explains the association between CRT self-efficacy and student outcomes. Additionally, we explored the moderating role of students' immigrant generation in the associations. Teachers' CRT self-efficacy and student-perceived equal treatment were positively related to mathematical competence and German vocabulary. Student-perceived heritage and intercultural learning was positively associated with school belongingness and life satisfaction but negatively with reading comprehension. Equal treatment and heritage and intercultural learning did not mediate the relation between CRT self-efficacy and children's adjustment. Findings did not vary across students' immigrant generation. Teachers' CRT self-efficacy and CDC positively contribute to students' academic and psychological adjustment, but independently. Both aspects can be beneficial for the adjustment of elementary school children, regardless of their immigrant generation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Parenting and psychological adjustment during middle childhood in lesbian, gay, and heterosexual parent families formed through assisted reproduction.

Parenting and psychological adjustment during middle childhood in lesbian, gay, and heterosexual parent families formed through assisted reproduction.

Exploring the effect of environmental sensitivity on emotional fluctuations among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a three-wave longitudinal study.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the emotional well-being of adolescents worldwide. Some studies suggested that individuals with high Environmental Sensitivity may have been more likely to experience poor psychological adjustment during the pandemic than those with lower sensitivity. However, there is still limited research on how emotional responses varied across different stages of the pandemic and whether Environmental Sensitivity increased adolescents' vulnerability to the psychological impact of prolonged pandemic restrictions. To address this gap, this study used a three-year longitudinal design (2020-2022) with a sample of 453 adolescents. They completed an online survey measuring their positive and negative emotions throughout the pandemic period, with Environmental Sensitivity considered a time-invariant covariate. The results revealed that all participants, regardless of their level of Environmental Sensitivity, experienced a decrease in positive emotionality between the first and second years. However, this trend reversed, showing an increase between the second and third years. Regarding negative emotions, highly sensitive adolescents experienced a significant linear increase over time. In contrast, low-and medium-sensitive adolescents exhibited a quadratic trend, with a notable increase in negative emotions between the first and second years, followed by a slight decrease between the second and third years. These findings provide further evidence of the negative impact of the pandemic on adolescents' emotional well-being. They also support the notion that Environmental Sensitivity is associated with individuals' ability to respond and adjust to adverse life events, with significant implications for future research and practice.

Value-consistent rehabilitation is associated with long-term psychological flexibility and quality of life after traumatic brain injury

ABSTRACT Meaningful steps have been taken toward using holistic approaches in outpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury (TBI) (i.e., treating the whole individual); however, research and practice continue to disproportionately focus on adapting to physical and cognitive changes. Research suggests treatment focusing on individual values may be important for psychological adjustment after TBI. The current study sought to explore individual values across multiple life domains in those with TBI as well as what values outpatient rehabilitation was helpful for, and to examine discrepancies between these factors (i.e., value-consistent rehabilitation) in relation to important long-term treatment outcomes. 215 adults with a history of TBI who had participated in outpatient rehabilitation completed online surveys assessing how consistent outpatient rehabilitation was with individual values, psychological flexibility, and quality of life. The life domains with the greatest discrepancies between individual importance and rehabilitation helpfulness were spirituality, intimate relations, and family relations. Greater value-consistent rehabilitation was associated with higher levels of psychological flexibility and quality of life beyond demographics and injury characteristics. Our findings provide further support in favour of holistic, client-centred approaches that are facilitated by neurological rehabilitation programs.

Investigation of the quality of life, mental status in patients with gynecological cancer and its influencing factors.

Having a gynecological tumor or undergoing treatment can be a traumatic experience for women, as it affects their self-image and sexual relationships and can lead to psychological reactions. Psychological adjustment following cancer occurrence remains a key issue among the survivors. To examine the current status of quality of life (QoL), anxiety, and depression in patients with gynecological cancer and to analyze the factors associated with it. Data for 160 patients with gynecological malignancies treated at Shanxi Bethune Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Patients' QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Questionnaire. Their emotional status was evaluated using the Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale. The associated factors of anxiety and depression were analyzed. The overall QoL score of the patients 6 months after surgery was 76.39 ± 3.63 points. This included low levels of social and emotional function and severe fatigue and pain. The scores for physiological, functional, emotional, social, and family well-being exhibited an upward trend following surgery compared with those before surgery. One month after surgery, some patients experienced anxiety and depression, with an incidence of 18.75% and 18.13%, respectively. Logistic analysis revealed that good sleep was a protective factor against anxiety and depression in patients with gynecological tumors, whereas physical pain was a risk factor. Patients with gynecological malignancies often experience anxiety and depression. By analyzing the factors that affect patients' QoL, effective nursing measures can be administered.

Supplemental Material for Parenting and Psychological Adjustment During Middle Childhood in Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Parent Families Formed Through Assisted Reproduction

Supplemental Material for Parenting and Psychological Adjustment During Middle Childhood in Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Parent Families Formed Through Assisted Reproduction

The dynamics in the relationship between perceived cultural distance, cultural intelligence and adjustment of international students

This study investigates the dynamics between perceived cultural distance (PCD), cultural intelligence (CQ), and international students’ sociocultural, psychological, and academic adjustment. It examines whether CQ (its total score and four sub-components separately from the total CQ) moderates the relationship between PCD and adjustment. By investigating all three dimensions of students’ adjustment, and also distinguishing the four aspects of the CQ, it provides an especially fine-grained analysis of the link between PCD, CQ and international students’ adjustment. In a cross-sectional study, 341 international college students from several universities in the Netherlands participated in an online survey. Moderation analysis (Hayes Process Macro) indicated that overall CQ and motivational CQ moderated only the relationship between PCD and sociocultural adjustment. Further analysis show that when age, gender, level of study, and region of origin controlled, PCD consistently predicted all aspects of students' adjustment negatively. Overall CQ predicted only sociocultural and academic adjusment, but motivational CQ influenced all aspects of adjustment. Together, these results provide an insightful understanding of the role of international students' CQ in their adjustment in the face of cultural differences.

To Study the Correlation Between Perceived Stress and Psychological Adjustment among Employees

Perceived stress is the amount of stress that employees experience in response to their job expectations and working environment. Psychological adjustment is defined as an individual's ability to regulate their emotional well-being while efficiently coping with the demands of their workplace. This study was to investigate the correlation between perceived stress and psychological adjustment among the employees with the sample size of 150.The research instruments used were perceived stress scale (PSS) and brief adjustment scale (Base-6). The statistical techniques used to analyze the data were correlation and one-way ANOVA. The results revealed that there is positive correlation between the variables. The one-way ANOVA results revealed that there is no statistically significant difference in the study variables based on gender and marital status.