Psychodynamic Features Research Articles

Understanding Adolescent Mental Health in the COVID-19 Era: A Psychodynamic Approach.

This cross-sectional, case-control study aimed to explore the psychodynamic characteristics that influenced adolescents' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Personality structure impairments, psychodynamic conflicts, defense styles, and mental health issues were examined using the OPD-Structure- and Conflict-Questionnaires, the Defense Style Questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire in adolescents before (n = 288) and after (n = 451) the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Adolescents with mental health issues exhibited greater impairments in personality structure, more immature defense styles, and higher levels of psychodynamic conflicts both before and after the pandemic onset. Comparisons between pre-pandemic and pandemic samples indicated a lower level of the conflict of taking care of oneself versus being cared for in passive mode among adolescents during the pandemic. In-depth analysis of adolescents with mental health issues from the pandemic group revealed significant associations between personality structure impairments and a maladaptive defense style with somatoform, depressive, anxiety, eating, and alcohol use disorders. The findings provide clinically relevant insights into the psychodynamic factors that contributed to the psychological vulnerability of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. These insights can guide the development of targeted psychodynamic interventions to support adolescents' mental health in similar future crises.

Social cognition in Parkinson's disease and functional movement disorders.

Functional movement disorders (FMD) can overlap with Parkinson's disease (PD), and distinguishing between the two clinical conditions can be complex. Framing social cognition (theory of mind) (TOM) disorder, attention deficit, and psychodynamic features of FMD and PD may improve diagnosis. Subjects with FMD and PD and healthy controls (HC) were administered tasks assessing TOM abilities and attention. The psychodynamic hypothesis of conversion disorder was explored by a questionnaire assessing dissociative symptoms. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tasks was also administered to FMD and PD. Although both FMD and PD scored lower than HC on all TOM tests, significant correlations between TOM and neuropsychological tasks were found only in PD but not in FMD. Only PD showed a reduction in attentional control. Dissociative symptoms occurred only in FMD. Cognitive-affective disturbances are real in FMD, whereas they are largely dependent on cognitive impairment in PD. Attentional control is preserved in FMD compared to PD, consistent with the hypothesis that overload of voluntary attentional orientation may be at the basis of the onset of functional motor symptoms. On a psychodynamic level, the confirmation of dissociative symptoms in FMD supports the conversion disorder hypothesis. FMD and PD can be distinguished on an affective and cognitive level. At the same time, however, the objective difficulty often encountered in distinguishing between the two pathologies draws attention to how blurred the boundary between 'organic' and 'functional' can be.

The Role of Typological Features of Students in Conducting Collective Training Sessions

When conducting the educational process in any educational institution, due attention is not paid to the individual characteristics of a single student (cadet), including the level of intellectual development, the speed of perception, the depth of assimilation of educational material in the learning process, etc .The article considers a methodological approach to the evaluation of the educational process, to the methods of its adaptation and management for a significant increase in efficiency the process of training specialists, for example in the field of information security, especially when switching to a multi-level university system of training specialists, taking into account the requirements that are constantly changing when planning the educational process.The article reveals the actual problem of conducting collective training sessions taking into account the individual typological characteristics of students to improve the quality of training specialists.The key element of the learning stage is the psychological type of the learning personality, its basic psychodynamic characteristics.

Информационно-психологическая устойчивость сотрудников полиции: определение понятия и концептуально-методологические подходы исследования

The article deals with the topical and underdeveloped problem of the psychological resistance of policeofficers to negative information and psychological impact. A theoretical review of the sources of destructive influence in the conditions of modern society and the degree of their influence on law enforcement officers is given. The author considers the scientific novelty and practical significance of the study of information and psychological stability ofpolice officers using innovative psychodiagnostic methods in order to increase the efficiency of police work and the quality of the system of police psychological support.The subject of the study is the psychodynamic mechanisms that ensure the psychological resistance of police officers to the negative information and psychological impact. The methodological basis of the study, along with the general scientific principles and principles of the development of the psyche in behavior and activity, is the I-structural sychodynamic model of the personality of G. Ammon and the concept of values of S. Schwartz. From the standpoint of the modern psychodynamic (psychoanalytic) approach, psychological resistance to negative information impact is considered as the degree of predominance of a constructive self-identity over a destructive-deficient one, as well as the dominance of humanistic values in the structure of value orientations of police officers. As a hypothesis of the study, it was suggested that the psychological resistance of police officers to negative informational and psychological impact is due to a number of intentional and psychodynamic characteristics of the individual, among which the qualities of self-identity (constructiveness, destructiveness, deficiency) and dominant values play a leading role.

A few thoughts on child sexual abuse (CSA)

Aim: In this short overview article, we are exploring the topic of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) from different angles. We seek the criminological and psychodynamic features underlying CSA. Our aim was to analyse comprehensive research findings published after 2000.Methodology: During the analysis of these international findings, the child sexual abuse (CSA) is approached from different points of view: 1) problems arising from different definitions and conceptualizations of CSA, 2) CSA induced early changes in neurobiology of the brain, 3) traceable and CSA triggered conduct disorders in adolescence, 4) psychological background of sadism and torture, 5) issue of transgenerational CSA, 6) re-occurrence of CSA in childhood, and 7) disclosure of CSA.Findings: The conclusion from international research are wide-ranging. The problem requires a complex and more careful approach. Many professionals are working with people who have been victims of CSA in the past or with children who have recently experienced CSA. Law enforcement and health care play a prominent role in this respect. Early detection of CSA is also of paramount importance in the effective protection of mental health in society.Value: In this article, we have shown that it is reasonable to use a standardised system to confirm that a CSA has taken place. We have pointed out that the combination of CSA and certain forms of deviant behaviour is a strong risk factor for custodial measures. We highlighted that the psychological background of addiction and sadism may be similar. We noted that CSA can be associated with a failure to develop a sensitive educational attitude. Finally, we indicated that international research suggests that the disclosure of CSA is the result of a process and does not happen instantly. By publishing national case studies, the above-mentioned issues could be effectively explored for the Hungarian reader in the future.

Psychodynamic characteristics of patients with attempted suicide

A Revista Brasileira de Psicoterapia visa ao incremento da produção científica nacional, através da disponibilização de um veículo de divulgação que incentive o desenvolvimento do conhecimento interdisciplinar na área da psicoterapia. É uma publicação multidisciplinar revisada por pares (peer-reviewed), publicada pelo Centro de Estudos Luis Guedes em colaboração com o Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

Prognostic assessment of constitutional indicators influence on the indicators of personality traits of practically healthy women with different somatotypes

It is known that both genetic factors and environmental influences affect the development of the human body. This statement also applies to a person’s personality, ie the big five – the main features that make it up. The study of the relationship between physique and personality traits among a healthy population is very relevant and is a promising area for anthropology and psychology. The purpose of the work is to conduct a prognostic assessment of the influence of anthropo-somatotypological indicators on the personality indicators in practically healthy Ukrainian women without and taking into account the somatotype. Primary anthropo-somatotypological (anthropometry according to Bunak’s scheme, Heath-Carter somatotype determination, Matiegka and American Institute of Nutrition weight composition) and personality indicators (determination of leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck, psychodynamic features of personality according to Spielberger and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek, components of internality according to Rotter) of practically healthy Ukrainian women of the first mature age are selected from the data bank of materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Factor analysis was performed in the license package "Statistica 6.1". The main factors that indicate the association of personality traits of practically healthy Ukrainian women of different somatotypes with some anthropo-somatotypological indicators: mesomorphs – "the size of the girth and fat size of the body" and "the size of the longitudinal size of the body"; in ectomorphs – "the size of the girth of the body" and "the size of the fat size of the body"; in endo-mesomorphs - "the magnitude of the circumferential size of the body" and "the magnitude of the width of the mandible"; in representatives of the middle intermediate somatotype – "the magnitude of the longitudinal and circumferential dimensions of the body" and "the magnitude of SFT on the posterior surface of the shoulder." In the general group of women, it is impossible to single out the second factor that has a significant load. Analysis of the obtained relationships of interdependence of personality traits, which have the greatest prognostic value in terms of formation of human personality with anthropo-somatotypological indicators showed that women of different somatotypes identified interdependencies have certain features. Thus, the application of factor analysis made it possible to determine the most significant relationships of personality indicators with the constitutional parameters of the body in practically healthy Ukrainian women of different somatotypes.

Leading typological characteristics of temperament and psychodynamic features of personality in men with various forms of eczema

Annotation. The problem of causation in the formation of eczema in terms of psychosomatic relationship is currently relevant and virtually unresolved. The application of the complex principle of research determines a multifaceted assessment of the psychological state of the personality of patients with eczema and the possibility of its optimal correction. The aim of the study was to study the differences between the indicators of the leading typological characteristics of temperament and psychodynamic features of personality between healthy and/or eczema patients depending on the severity of dermatosis. Men aged 22 to 35 years, with a diagnosis of true and microbial eczema, were evaluated for the leading typological characteristics of temperament according to the Eysenck questionnaire and psychodynamic personality traits according to the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire. As a control from the data bank of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya indicators of the level of subjective control of 82 practically healthy men of the same age group were selected. Statistical processing of the results was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5” using non-parametric evaluation methods. In general, it was found that among patients with eczema 5.6 % are introverts, potential introverts – 12.3 %, ambiverts – 44.6 %, potential extroverts – 29.0 % and extroverts – 8.5 %. Compared with healthy individuals, the percentage of patients with various forms and severity of eczema is higher due to subjects with low (all groups of patients) and potentially low levels of neuroticism (true eczema of mild course), low situational (true eczema of mild course eczema and microbial eczema of severe course) and personal (truth of severe eczema) anxiety, and lover – due to patients with potentially high levels of neuroticism (truth of severe eczema), moderate (severe microbial eczema) and high (truth of eczema mild) level and situation level of personal anxiety (the truth of mild eczema). Patients with severe disease are characterized by a higher level of neuroticism (true eczema) and a higher level of personal anxiety (microbial eczema) compared to patients with mild disease. Patients with severe microbial eczema have a higher level of situational anxiety compared to patients with true eczema of similar severity. Thus, psychodiagnostics, which is based solely on patients' self-description of their behavior, emotional and volitional state, leads to inconsistency, subjectivity, uninformativeness of the results of the study and does not reveal the dynamics of the disease or treatment features.

Evaluation of the leading typological characteristics of temperament, severity and features of accentuated personality traits and psychodynamic features of personality in practically healthy women without and taking into account the somatotype

Annotation. Research on the relationship of the human body with its psychological characteristics and behavioral elements is currently of great value for integrative medicine, psychology and pedagogy. A deep understanding of this issue allows you to prevent and correct unwanted psychological manifestations in groups of people who have this predisposition, as well as help to find the right approach in educational and therapeutic work with such people. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the leading typological characteristics of temperament, severity and features of accentuated personality traits and psychodynamic personality traits of almost healthy women without and taking into account the somatotype. Primary anthropo-somatotypological and personality indicators of practically healthy Ukrainian women aged 21 to 35 years of different somatotypes were selected from the database of materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. All women were evaluated by Eysenck leading typological characteristics of temperament with the help of personal questionnaires; psychodynamic features of Spielberger's personality in Khanin's modification; expressions and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek. Statistical processing of the results was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5” using non-parametric evaluation methods. It was found that almost healthy women without somatotype are characterized by extroversion (32.67 %) and ambiversion (29.70 %), average level of neuroticism (35.64 %), insincerity (66.34 %), average level of anxiety (62.38 %), predominance of hyperthymic (33.66 %), exalted (25.74 %), cyclothymic (22.77 %) type of character accentuation. Women of mesomorphic somatotype are characterized by potential extroversion (33.33 %) and potential introversion (27.27 %), potentially high levels of neuroticism (39.39 %), insincerity (72.73 %), average level of anxiety (60.61 %), high level of personal1 anxiety (60.61 %), predominance of exalted (42.42 %), hyperthymic (30.30 %), cyclothymic (27.27 %) and emotional (24.24 %) types of character accentuation. Among women of ectomorphic somatotype, the most common are individuals with ambiversion (31.82 %) and potential extroversion (31.82 %), with a medium level of neuroticism (36.36 %), insincerity (72.73 %), high and medium levels of situational anxiety (50.00 % each), high personal anxiety (54.55 %), the predominance of hyperthymic (22.73 %), cyclothymic (18.18 %) and pedantic (18.18 %) types of character accentuation. Among women of endo-mesomorphic somatotype, the most common are those with potential introversion (31.82 %), ambiversion (36.36 %) and potential extroversion (27.27 %), with an average level of neuroticism (63.64 %), sincerity (50.00 %), an average level of situational (77.27 %), the average level of personal anxiety (68.18 %), a significant predominance of the hyperthymic type of character accentuation (40.91 %). Among women with average intermediate somatotype, the most common are individuals with ambiversion (41.18 %) and potential extroversion (35.29 %), with medium and potentially high levels of neuroticism (29.41 % in both cases), insincerity (76.47 %), average situational (58.82 %) and personal anxiety (70.59 %), the predominance of (significant) hyperthymic (52.94 %) and cyclothymic (35.29 %) types of character accentuation. Thus, to study the psychological characteristics of people of different constitutional types, it is important to follow an interdisciplinary approach, in which the optimal use of traditional anthropometric techniques in combination with psychological tests.

Correlations of anthropo-somatotypological indicators with indicators of personality traits of practically healthy women with endo-mesomorphic somatotype

Annotation. The use of a constitutional approach makes it possible to study the individual characteristics of the organism at various levels. To harmonize various aspects of the constitution, the principle of integrity is used, which is characterized by multidimensionality, complexity and the study of the peculiarities of correlations. The purpose of the study is to establish and analyze the features of correlations between anthropo-somatotypological indicators and indicators of personality characteristics of practically healthy Ukrainian women of endomosomorphic somatotype. From the database of materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya selected primary indicators of personality traits and anthropo-somatotypological indicators of 22 practically healthy Ukrainian women of the first mature age of endomosomorphic somatotype. The analysis of correlations between these indicators was performed in the licensed package "Statistica 6.1" using the non-parametric Spearman's method. In women of endomosomorphic somatotype, the following multiple reliable and medium-strength unreliable connections were established: direct (r = from 0.30 to 0.59) index on the Eysenck insincerity scale with all indicators of the width of the distal epiphyses (WDE) of the extremities, most skin folds thicknesses (TSFF) of the upper extremity, endo- and mesomorphic components of the somatotype and fat and bone indicators of the component composition of body weight; direct (r = from 0.34 to 0.56) Eysenck extraversion-introversion index with most transverse torso dimensions; direct (r = from 0.32 to 0.53) Spielberger personal anxiety index with almost half of the cephalometric parameters and torso size and most pelvic size; direct (r = from 0.30 to 0.64) Shmishek stunt type accentuation index with body weight, half longitudinal, circumferential dimensions and TSFF indicators, endomorphic component of somatotype and fat and muscle indicators of body mass component composition; inverse (r = from -0.32 to -0.47) Shmishek emotional character accentuation index with all longitudinal dimensions, half of the indicators of WDE of the extremities, most indicators of TSFF of the upper extremity and bone index of the component composition of body weight; inverse (r = from -0.31 to -0.45) Shmishek anxiety type accentuation index with the majority of extremities and TSFF indicators, endo- and mesomorphic components of somatotype and fat and bone indicators of body weight component composition; inverse (r = from -0.46 to -0.63) indicator of accentuation of the character of the demonstrative type according to Shmishek with the majority of indicators of TSFF of the upper extremity; direct (r = from 0.31 to 0.61) Shmishek excitatory character accentuation index with most longitudinal dimensions, upper extremity WDE, almost half of TSFF, endomorphic somatotype component and all indicators of body weight component composition; inverse (r = from -0.30 to -0.40) Shmishek dysthymic character accentuation index with half of longitudinal dimensions, ectomorphic component of somatotype and bone index of body mass component composition; inverse (r = -0.30 to -0.75), indicators of the level of subjective control in the field of achievement and family relations according to Rotter with half the girth, half the transverse dimensions of the torso and pelvis and muscle component of body weight; direct (r = from 0.34 to 0.61) indicators of the level of subjective control in the field of failures and educational (professional) relations according to Rotter with most longitudinal dimensions, WDE of the upper extremities (only with the level of subjective control in the field of educational (professional) relations) and bone index of the component composition of body weight. As a result of quantitative analysis of reliable and unreliable average correlations of personality indicators with anthropo-somatotypological indicators of women of endomosomorphic somatotype, the highest relative percentage of relationships between: leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck and WDE extremities; psychodynamic features of personality according to Spielberger and cephalometric indicators and transverse dimensions of the body; indicators of severity and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek and longitudinal body size, WDE limbs and TSFF; indicators of the level of subjective control over Rotter and the longitudinal dimensions of the body and WDE of the extremities.

The clinical significance of anomalous experience in the explanation of monothematic delusions

Monothematic delusions involve a single theme, and often occur in the absence of a more general delusional belief system. They are cognitively atypical insofar as they are said to be held in the absence of evidence, are resistant to correction, and have bizarre contents. Empiricism about delusions has it that anomalous experience is causally implicated in their formation, whilst rationalism has it that delusions result from top down malfunctions from which anomalous experiences can follow. Within empiricism, two approaches to the nature of the abnormality/abnormalities involved have been touted by philosophers and psychologists. One-factor approaches have it that monothematic delusions are a normal response to anomalous experiences whilst two-factor approaches seek to identify a clinically abnormal pattern of reasoning in addition to anomalous experience to explain the resultant delusion. In this paper we defend a one-factor approach. We begin by making clear what we mean by atypical, abnormal, and factor. We then identify the phenomenon of interest (monothematic delusion) and overview one and two-factor empiricism about its formation. We critically evaluate the cases for various second factors, and find them all wanting. In light of this we turn to our one-factor account, identifying two ways in which ‘normal response’ may be understood, and how this bears on the discussion of one-factor theories up until this point. We then conjecture that what is at stake is a certain view about the epistemic responsibility of subjects with delusions, and the role of experience, in the context of familiar psychodynamic features. After responding to two objections, we conclude that the onus is on two-factor theorists to show that the one-factor account is inadequate. Until then, the one-factor account ought to be understood as the default position for explaining monothematic delusion formation and retention. We don’t rule out the possibility that, for particular subjects with delusions there may be a second factor at work causally implicated in their delusory beliefs but, until the case for the inadequacy of the single factor is made, the second factor is redundant and fails to pick out the minimum necessary for a monothematic delusion to be present.

Hoarding and Animal Hoarding: Psychodynamic and Transitional Aspects.

Hoarding is a disorder that has only recently begun to be understood by researchers and clinicians. This disorder has been examined from a biopsychosocial perspective and has features that overlap with obsessive-compulsive disorder as well as some unique characteristics. Hoarding disorder is widespread and maybe related to the evolution of collecting and storing resources among humans and other animals. While there have been a number of non-analytic theories related to hoarding and its treatment, psychoanalytic thinkers have rarely described the disorder or explored its underlying psychodynamics. Beginning with Freud, it is possible to understand hoarding in relationship to the vicissitudes of the anal stage of development. However, loss of a loved object, especially loss of the mother, can play an important role in the development of hoarding behavior in adults. The hoarding of inanimate items, examined from a developmental object-relations perspective, appears to involve transitional phenomena. Animal hoarding also involves transitional phenomena, but animals, which can serve as animated transitional objects, also have a repetition compulsion function. These psychodynamic characteristics are relevant for establishing a working transference with the analyst or therapist, in order to promote positive therapeutic outcomes.

Inverse Relationship of Orally-Based Noetic Processing and Skeuomorphic Formulaicity in the Middle English «Matter of England» Verse Romances

The Middle English verse romances of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries have frequently been referenced as exemplifying the formulaicity associated with orality in medieval transitional texts. This is as true when counting formulae of the Parry-Lord variety according their theory of oral-formulaic composition as it is when counting the more flexibly defined formulaic expressions of the sort permitted under the theory of oral traditionalism. Both methods, however, probably give an inflated view of the extent to which orally-based thinking was involved in composition of the romances, since they focus exclusively on the formulaic surface-structure expressions which do not always accurately reflect deep-structure ideas or frames of thought. The present concise examination of the Matter of England romances – a subset of the Middle English verse romances spanning the lifetime of the genre – suggests that, contrary to what one might expect, the number, length and complexity of such formulaic expressions actually appear to increase as evidence of purely orally-based thought declines. This finding is realized by briefly measuring the extent to which each romance instantiates Walter Ong’s nine psychodynamic characteristics of orally based thought and expression, five of which concern the deep-structure frames of the former with the remaining four concerned with the surface-structure scripts of the latter. It then concludes by proposing that the much-vaunted residual traces of orality in the formulaic expressions are not so much true reflections of orally-based thinking as they are contrived literary “skeuomorphs” masquerading as such in order to lend the tales credibility and authenticity.

Correlations of body structure and size indicators with personality indicators of practically healthy women with mesomorphic somatotype

The category of personality is one of the basic concepts for psychology, but at the same time the most controversial in theoretical and methodological terms. That is why the study of personal characteristics in different populations, ethnicities, ages, professional groups, etc. still does not lose its relevance in the scientific field. Given that certain components of individual personality traits are innate, it is advisable to find connections between them and the characteristics of the human body. The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the peculiarities of correlations between indicators of body structure and size and personality indicators of practically healthy women with mesomorphic somatotype. Primary anthropo-somatotypological and personality indicators of 33 practically healthy Ukrainian women of the first mature age of mesomorphic somatotype were selected from the data bank of materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. The analysis of correlations between anthropo-somatotypological and indicators of personality traits was performed in the licensed package "Statistica 6.1" using the non-parametric Spearman's method. Multiple, mostly reliable, medium-strength straight lines (r = -0.35 to -0.50), Eysenck G. insincerity scales with the majority of girth dimensions, thickness of skin and fat folds, somatotype components, and body weight component composition; multiple, mostly significant medium-strength inverse (r = -0.37 to -0.52) correlations of the exaltation character of the exalted type according to Shmishek G. with the majority of girth dimensions, the majority of pelvic sizes, somatotype components and components of body weight composition; multiple significant mean strength inverse (r = -0.38 to -0.49) correlations of the extraversion-introversion scale according to Eysenck G. with the thickness of the skin and fat folds of the upper limb and under the shoulder blade. In other cases, single, medium-strength, reliable and unreliable direct and inverse correlations of anthropo-somatotypological indicators with the leading typological characteristics of temperament, psychodynamic features of personality and indicators of severity and features of accentuated personality traits. As a result of quantitative analysis of reliable and unreliable average correlations of anthropo-somatotypological indicators with personality traits of practically healthy women of mesomorphic somatotype, the highest relative percentage of correlations was found between: leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck G. and somatotype components body weight composition and body girth; psychodynamic personality traits according to Spielberger C. D. and longitudinal body size, thickness of skin and fat folds and components of the somatotype; indicators of severity and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek G. and indicators of the component composition of body weight, somatotype components, body circumference and thickness of skin and fat folds; indicators of the level of subjective control over Rotter J. and the width of the distal epiphyses of the extremities and the transverse dimensions of the body.

Religious, ethical and existential categories in the unconscious area of psychic reality of modern Russian youth: an attempt of comparative analysis

This article presents the results of a preliminary multidisciplinary research of the specificities of youth’s response to various descriptors. Using the semiotic, in-depth psychological, theological and mathematical analysis of the collected associative chains, the author compares the responses of youth representatives to religious and ethical terms with colloquial lexemes, as well as determines sensitivity to these terms and proclivity for their logical and sensory-emotional perception. Particularly, method of semantic multiplication allows identifying strong and weak descriptors of semiosis under consideration. The author determines the trends that outline a number of structural and psychodynamic characteristics of psychic reality of modern Russian youth. The following conclusions were made in the course of this research: 1. Sensitivity (and corresponding awareness) to religious descriptors was demonstrated by less than half of the respondents, and a fifth of the entire sample of terms appeared to be unfamiliar to the respondents; 2. The analysis of ethical associative chains at the level of interpretation, indicated the existence of such a phenomenon as “indeterminate religiosity”, which implies a certain spiritual pursuit, which at the moment does not comply with the familiar to a respondent religions traditions; 3. The acquired data, on the one hand, correspond to the classic “Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs”, while on the other hand, spiritual pursuit of respondents and simultaneously scarce character of “existential” associations may testify in favor of the dominance of “ethical-spiritual” paradigm in psychic reality of respondents (which also complies with the Maslow’s research of later period in the area of “existential needs” and “peak experiences”; 4. All of the aforementioned means that the key to interaction with modern youth (including didactical and educational) is the paradigm of ethical values, which can also be connected with a latent spiritual pursuit.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PHYSICAL AND SPORTS SPECIALIZATIONS ON PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS OF STUDENTS

Aim. The ability to choose a sport or physical activity is an important condition for increasing interest and forming a sustainable incentive for physical education. At the same time, the effect of different physical activities on the psychophysiological status of students is not well understood. The purpose of the article was to establish the psychophysiological status of girls when studying at the university and engaged in various sports in physical education (basketball, swimming, aerobics, traditional classes in general physical training). Materials and methods. The neurodynamic, cognitive and psychodynamic features of 1st to 4th year female students (n = 153) of the Novosibirsk State Technical University were studied. Various types of memory (mechanical, semantic, image), the speed of a simple visual-motor reaction, concentration of attention, mental performance, and balance of nervous processes were evaluated using modern generally accepted methods. The psycho-emotional status of females was determined with the help of such indicators as anxiety, frustration, inflexibility hostility, aggressiveness. Results. By the end of the 4th year, the integral level of psychophysiological status (ILPS) significantly improved only in female basketball players. In other students, an average ILPS did not change throughout the entire training. According to the results of the correlation analysis, a positive relationship was found between basketball and the level of the psychophysiological status. Aerobics classes resulted in a decrease in psycho-emotional status (increased anxiety and frustration) against the background of a stable psychophysiological potential. Conclusion. Basketball has the most favorable effect on the psychophysiological status of students in the framework of the physical education program.

Correlations of anthropo-somatotypological indicators with indicators of personality traits of practically healthy Ukrainian women

The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the peculiarities of correlations between the constitutional parameters of the body and personality indicators of practically healthy Ukrainian women of the first mature age. Primary anthropo-somatotypological (anthropometric examination according to the scheme of V. V. Bunak, determination of somatotype – according to the mathematical scheme of J. Carter and B. Heath; determination of fat, bone and muscle components of body weight – according to the formulas of J. Matiegka, determination of muscular components of body weight – according to the method of the American Institute of Nutrition) and indicators of personality (leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck, psychodynamic features of personality according to Spielberger, indicators of severity and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek, indicators of subjective control according to Rotter) of 101 practically healthy Ukrainian women of the first mature age were selected from the data bank of materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. The analysis of correlations between anthropo-somatotypological indicators and indicators of personality traits was performed in the licensed package "Statistica 6.1" using the statistical method of Pearson. Between anthropo-somatotypological indicators and indicators of personality traits of practically healthy Ukrainian women, mostly single weak-strength feedback and direct reliable correlations have been established. In most cases, the feedback is established with the leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck, psychodynamic features of personality according to Spielberger and indicators of severity and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek, and direct – with indicators of subjective control according to Rotter. The multiple nature of the relationship only between the rate of accentuation of the character of the exalted type according to Shmishek with most indicators of the width of the distal epiphyses of the limbs and the size of the pelvis; between the level of subjective control in the field of failures according to Rotter with half the longitudinal sizes of the body; between the indicator of situational (reactive) anxiety according to Spielberger, or the indicator of accentuation of the character of the cyclothymic type according to Shmishek with all the girths of the chest. Quantitative analysis of significant correlations between anthropo-somatotypological indicators and indicators of personality traits of practically healthy Ukrainian women revealed the largest relative percentage of reliable correlations of anthropo-somatotypological indicators. Namely, with the leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck, the largest relative percentage of reliable relationships was established with transverse body size and somatotypological indicators; with psychodynamic features of the personality according to Spielberger – with somatotypological indicators; with indicators of severity and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek – with longitudinal body dimensions, cephalometric indicators and width of distal epiphyses of extremities; with indicators of the level of subjective control according to Rotter – with longitudinal body size and somatotypological indicators.

Gender Features of Formation of Purposeful Human Behavior when Playing Images with Different Performance

The article is devoted to the study of gender features of the formation of the system organization of purposeful human activity in the reproduction of visual images. The role of feedback on the results of activity in the formation of different success of purposeful behavior of subjects of different sexes with different personal psychodynamic properties in the reproduction of visual images was studied. The paper shows that the enrichment of feedback channels on the results of the activities of the subjects of different sexes formed a new organization of purposeful behavior, reflected in a certain configuration of correlations between the indicators of mathematical analysis of heart rate and statistical characteristics of targeted activity in the reproduction of visual images. One of the possible reasons for the restructuring of targeted activities in subjects divided into groups by gender is a certain combination of their psychodynamic characteristics.

AUDIOVISUAL CORRECTION OF THE PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATUS IN YOUNG BOXERS

Aim. The article deals with establishing and justifying the efficiency of audiovisual stimulation for the correction of the psychoemotional status in young boxers. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the premises of Bashkir State University sports facilities during the special preparatory stage. 72 athletes aged 13–14 were examined in educational and training conditions. The diagnostics of psychodynamic characteristics in athletes was conducted every 2 days with the help of the ‘Psychophysiolog’ psychophysiological testing device. We used the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale and Well-Being, Activity, Mood scale (V. Doskin). Results. Audiovisual stimulation in the experimental group significantly improved the indicators of situational anxiety, well-being, activity, and mood. Conclusions. The course of audiovisual stimulation improves psychophysiological resistance to physical load, relieves excessive mental stress and premature mental fatigue, improves performance and mood. The analysis of psychodynamic characteristics in boxers with different types of the nervous system allowed to establish that athletes with a weak nervous system require 6–8 sessions of audiovisual stimulation, while athletes with a strong nervous system – 10 sessions.

Дискурс-внушение: принципы организации и логика функционирования

One of the most serious problems in modern information society is the socalled infusive discourse, when a certain kind of subject indoctrination involved in a relevant discourse is carried out by manipulative means. This article is devoted to the analysis of infusive discourse, its principles of organization and the logics of functioning. Human mentality psychodynamic and cognitive features, that provide conditions for the discourse indoctrination implementation are considered. The general methodology of discourse indoctrination is revealed paying special attention to the manipulative discourse. Most common methods and techniques used to implement such kind of discourse indoctrination are described and conceptually analyzed.