Psychoanalytic Theory Research Articles

REFLECTION OF ALCOHOLISM IN THE LYRICS “CHANDELIER” BY SIA

This research aims to determine the author's psychology in creating a literary work through a psychoanalytic perspective. The creation of a lyric cannot be separated from its author. Sia Kate Isobelle Furler and Jesse Shatkin wrote the lyrics to the song entitled Chandelier. This research was conducted to find out how the psychological role of the author influences the literary work created by the author. The psychological theory that is very dominant in the analysis of literary works is Freud’s theory, where this theory differentiates personality into three types, namely Id, Ego, and Super Ego. Data collection uses documentation techniques from primary data sources, namely the lyrics of the song “Chandelier” and secondary data sources in the form of books, research journals, and articles which relevant. This research uses qualitative descriptive methods to conduct an analysis, using library research methods and content analysis methods to collect and analyze the data used. The research results show that the lyrics she created reflect the psychological state of the author. Represented through several sentences and characters built into the lyrics, which consist of 3 aspects of the Id, 3 aspects of the ego, and 1 aspect of the superego. This results in the conclusion that the psychological condition of the writer, Furler, who is a former alcoholic, can influence the creation of the lyrics of the song Chandelier where alcohol acts as an escape from the pain she felt, this is in line with Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory.

Research on the Constructive Narrative Mode of Film based on the Embodied Imagination Theory

Psychoanalytic theory can be used to analyze the narrative mode of the film to explain psychological problems from the perspective of dreams. Based on the theory of embodied imagination, this study uses the text analysis method to analyze the film constructive narrative mode embodied in the film Deep Sea through the case study. The film constructs the sand play narrative space and uses nonlinear narrative techniques to reflect the three major characteristics of the film’s constructive narrative mode based on the theory of embodied imagination: the integration of authenticity and illusion in image construction, the penetration of emotional emergence and the process of image experience, and the realization of healing effects both on and off-screen. In the research process, the advantages and disadvantages of film works are analyzed. The advantages of free narrative logic and immersive movie-watching experience are accompanied by the disadvantages of increasing the threshold of movie-watching and large investment risks. This study provides a reference for the construction of the theoretical system of film constructive narrative mode.

The Superego of the City: Integrating Psychoanalytic Theory with Sustainable Urbanization in the Age of Industry 4.0

This article introduces the concept of the "superego of the city" by drawing on Freudian psychoanalytic theory to explore the ethical and moral dimensions of contemporary urbanization. As cities undergo rapid transformation driven by metropolization, digitalization, and environmental challenges, traditional urban analysis frameworks have become increasingly inadequate. The "superego of the city" provides a theoretical framework for understanding how urban spaces preserve cultural identity, foster social cohesion, and promote environmental sustainability amid these ongoing changes. By applying this concept to smart city initiatives—specifically in the realm of healthcare waste management—this study demonstrates how the integration of Circular Economy (CE) principles with Industry 4.0 technologies can align technological advancements with the ethical imperatives embodied in the city's collective consciousness.

Our grief matters – loss, grief, and mourning in Black vertically infected HIV-positive adolescents

Within the South African context, psychoanalysis as praxis and research has not located itself outside of the country’s long, violent, and oppressive socio-political past. A major area in which psychoanalysis continues to demonstrate a deficit is in its lack of attention to race as constitutive of psychological development and a site of intense psychological pain. A further area that is often overlooked in both the theory and praxis of psychoanalysis in South Africa is the diseased body as a site of socio-political violence and oppression, and the subsequent impact of this trauma on intrapsychic development. This situation is particularly applicable in the development of Black children who are vertically infected with HIV. The focus of this article, the fourth in a series of five articles, is on the process of grief and mourning in three vertically infected HIV-positive adolescents. Findings indicate that children who are vertically infected with HIV suffer multiple losses leaving them with intense unprocessed grief despite having access to individual therapy. In addition, their raced subjectivities add to experiences of non-being leading to grief which remains minimised and overlooked within the psychoanalytic canon, keeping the mourning process hidden in historically oppressive systems as melancholia.

Refugee recognition: reconsidering Honneth in light of Benjamin and Klein

AbstractUsing data collected from participant observation through creative workshops in two regions of the UK in 2019 and 2020 with participants going through the asylum system, this paper seeks to redress the under-theorisation of Axel Honneth’s use of critical and psychoanalytic theory including the work of Donald Winnicott within Honneth’s book The Struggle for Recognition. Crucially, this approach sees Honneth’s primary intersubjective process of recognition, love, as ambivalent, as opposed to monolithically conceived, a common criticism of Honneth’s early work, and applies this conception to empirical data. Following the work of philosopher Amy Allen, this paper also resolves to apply Jessica Benjamin’s use of the Third to a number of empirical case studies relating to creative workshops conducted with participants going through the asylum system. By taking this ambivalent approach, this paper shows how meaningful recognition might more successfully be achieved beyond the limits of such the punitive regimes of asylum.

Self-Attainment or Self-Delusion? A Study of Eugene O’neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night

This paper sets out to prove that characters in Eugene O’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night assert themselves, and in the process, disintegrate the family and disrupt social cohesion. It is based on the assumption that O’Neill’s characters in this play cannot attain the self without family and societal disintegration. It seems that self-fulfilment and family/social cohesion cannot be achieved simultaneously these characters tend to pay attention to one of these values at a time. Individual frustration precedes instability in the family and societal relationships. The theories adopted as appropriate tools for this paper are Psychoanalytical theory and Deconstruction. This choice is guided by the major preoccupation in the paper. Psychoanalysis helps in analyzing the psychical state of characters in the play before, during, and after the quest. Meanwhile, Deconstruction facilitates the examination of the indeterminacy of the characters’ quest for the self in O’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night. One of O’Neill’s major concerns is human relationships, especially marriage, and the challenges that usually characterize these relationships. Characters’ quest to assert themselves while, intentionally or not, ignoring their family and social responsibilities leads to individualism and self-destruction. O’Neill advocates the harmonization of self questing with unity in the family and social cohesion if self-fulfilment will be achieved.

The Teacher as Listener: A Theory of Pedagogical Listening in the Literature Classroom

ABSTRACT Getting students talking about a work of literature — sharing and interrogating their own and each other’s textual interpretations and responses — is vital for the teaching and learning of literature. If a classroom community of readers is constituted by such talking, then responsive teaching involves a lot of listening. What, precisely, might be the role(s) of the teacher as listener? Beginning with three classroom vignettes, and then drawing from psychoanalytic theory, pragmatist aesthetics, and philosophy of dialogue, this article theorises a distinctly pedagogical listening. One role of the teacher as a listener in the literature classroom can be interpreting and intervening in ‘textual problems’ that typically arise in moments of confusion or surprise — students’ and/or their teacher’s — throughout interpretive discussion. Such pedagogical listening can instantiate, among other qualities discussed in this article, a double consciousness or divided attention. This article concludes by suggesting specific classroom practices and conditions for pedagogical listening.

Ego Involvement and the Law of Exercise: Memorization as a Function of Ego Involvement in Folklore Scholarship and Anthropology

The article is a component in my “Folkloric Behavior”, a total innovation within my “Folkloric Behavior” (1967), which introduced a theoretical system for analyzing a folkloric phenomenon in a cognitive verifiable context. The universal psychosocial principles constituting the system were applied to a real (live) community: the ethnic Arabs living in Brooklyn, N.Y., USA, with particular emphasis on the Egyptian component. This approach stood in sharp contrast to the dominant Freudian psychoanalytic and Jungian analytical psychology theories that dominate this field. Terms, concepts, and processes offered in this innovative work are currently being used—often in isolation of their academic home and systemic links-- in various folklore fields. Examples of current usage are: “ego-involvement”, “learning process”, “extinction”, “motivation”, “intervening stimuli/cues [(re-presented as) “negotiations”, etc.). Ironically, my founding work on “Folkloric Behavior” is hardly ever evaluated or even mentioned. It would be useful to afford students of folk traditions and other readers the benefits of research objectivity of tracking the temporal sequence in which these key issues appeared in folklore scholarship. This step would be required for also establishing the history of ideas in a discipline.

Resistance in sexuality education

Teaching about sexuality causes embarrassment and general discomfort among both teachers and students. This article contends that the subject matter itself causes resistance, as sexuality is inherently transgressive. It is sex that makes sexuality education a challenge. Research has not focused on manifestations of resistance in relation to sexuality education. Limiting sexuality education to the reproductive function – conception, contraception – can be seen as one of the most common forms of resistance. Psychoanalytic theory and its classic concepts of drive and desire can support analysis and understanding of why sex is transgressive and embarrassing, which can hopefully support teachers’ professional expertise, given that sex poses a threat to the teacher’s professional status. Recognising the inherent impossibilities of teaching sexuality is key to any effort to improve sexuality education. The article also offers an explanation for the controversial nature of research on sexuality education.

Knowledge and Anguish at Work: the Clinical Case of a Telephone Operator

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the meaning of mental symptoms manifested at work by articulating their material basis present in the work context and the subject's historical singularity. Theoretical Framework: Psychoanalytic theory is used in this case study as a basis for understanding the relationship between knowledge and anguish at work. On the other hand, it is in ergology that we find the necessary theorizations for a reading of what affects the subject in tele-service work. Method: This is a clinical case study based on the psychoanalytically oriented notes of a telemarketer with work-related symptoms. Results and Discussion: As the main result, we read symptomatic production both as a response on a level of direct material causality to the inconsistency of the assumption of knowledge attributed to the trade and the value of work, and as a way out that the subject finds for their symptomatic position. Implications of the research: We conclude that the orientation of the treatment must seek to preserve the assumption of knowledge in the subject and in their work and enable subjective and material accountability. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by combining psychoanalysis and ergology in the search for an understanding of illness at work. The relevance and value of this research is evidenced by the fact that it presents an original clinical case that seeks to highlight the relationship between the place reserved for knowledge in contemporary work and the symptoms produced by it.

Analysis of Psychological Issues in Me Before You

This study examined the psychological issues and how they affect the behaviors of the protagonists Will and Louisa in the movie Me Before You and their decision-making processes. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach and incorporated Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory to analyze the film's narrative. Freud's concepts of the id, ego, and superego provide insights into the underlying motivations driving the characters' actions. The findings revealed that Will's struggles with depression, loss of identity, and desire for autonomy drive his decision for assisted suicide while Louisa faces her own challenges with fear of change and societal pressures. The study concluded that experiencing accidents and depression could lead to risky behavior, while highlighting the importance of companionship and understanding, and emphasizing the role of psychological factors in decision-making. Applying Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic concepts of id, ego, and superego to the protagonists, Will Traynor and Louisa Clark, offers valuable insights into their psychological struggles, enriching the narrative and enhancing its relatability for readers. Future research should explore the ethical implications of assisted suicide, the impact of social isolation on mental health, and the role of humor in caregiving relationships. This will contribute to a deeper understanding of human behavior in challenging circumstances.

The Charm of Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory: A Study on Reasons Why It Always Has New Interpretations in Different Times

The psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is one of the most important and long-lasting influential theory in the literary field. Not only Freud himself contributed to literary research, but also his successive researchers refreshed literary criticism through giving it new interpretations. This essay will show reasons why Freud’s psychoanalytic theory has so many potentials to refresh itself repeatedly, which contain its comprehensive content, wild usage and high flexibility and concludes that there is still space for this theory to be prosperous again, by combining with sociology, narratology, and Marxism.

Derivative Desires and Plastic Pedagogies: Malabou, Psychoanalysis and The Big Short

This article explores Catherine Malabou’s philosophical foray into neuroscience, especially her continuing work on the topics of brain plasticity and epigenesis. I lay the groundwork for a productive intersection of Malabou’s philosophy with Lacanian psychoanalytic film theory, despite Malabou’s tendency to treat the brain’s plasticity as an issue beyond the scope of the Freudian-Lacanian conception of the unconscious. Through consideration of Todd McGowan’s development of a Lacanian ontology, and by reference to the structure of derivative finance in late capitalism, especially as depicted in The Big Short (Adam McKay, 2015), the article argues in favor of an epigenesis of desire, in which attentiveness to the sedimented layers and conflicted temporalities of the brain’s synaptic connections may prove illuminating for philosophical studies of films that adopt a pedagogical stance toward recent historical or political events.

EKSPLORASI PENOKOHAN DAN KONFLIK INTERPERSONAL DALAM NOVEL PERANG BUBAT KARYA AAN MERDEKA PERMANA

The urgency for innovation in senior high school literature teaching materials has prompted this research. Historical novels with a psychological literary perspective are still rarely used as teaching materials. Hence, this research focuses on analyzing the characterization and conflicts in Aan Merdeka Permana's novel Perang Bubat as an alternative teaching material for senior high school literature. Employing a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, this research gathered data in the form of words and analyzed it using Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The analyzed characters include Dyah Pitaloka, Hayam Wuruk, Gajah Mada, and Prabu Lingga Buana. The findings reveal unique character traits in the characters of Aan Merdeka Permana's novel Perang Bubat. These unique characteristics are classified into the id, ego, and superego. The research results were then transformed into senior high school literature teaching materials in the form of teaching modules and handouts. It is recommended that Aan Merdeka Permana's novel Perang Bubat be used as a teaching material for senior high school literature, particularly for grade XII, as an alternative to outdated teaching materials. The proposed teaching materials in this research are teaching modules and handouts designed to facilitate the understanding of the novel.

Psychoanalysis and homosexuality: The relevance of homophobia and shame for all sexualities

This article will describe some contemporary developments in psychoanalytic thinking about sexuality, from a post‐heteronormative standpoint. Psychoanalytic theorising of homosexuality had been generally homophobic for decades, reflecting society stereotypes. Previously, many analysts prescribed treatment to convert “the homosexual patient” to “healthy heterosexuality”, which Freud had regarded as likely to be unsuccessful. The author argues that psychoanalysis, having been part of the “disease” of homophobia, and the lengthy shadow cast by shame, can also contribute to its “cure” by promoting a broader understanding of the conscious and unconscious nature of desire and identity. The author considers the central role played by the superego in maintaining shame’s dominance and explores the impact of shame on time and temporality, including shame’s unique après coup nature. The struggle for acceptance of non‐heteronormative sexuality is discussed and contemporary developments in theorising desire, internalised homophobia, and Oedipus are explored. Drawing on fictional composite clinical vignettes, the author describes current challenges that clinicians face in relation to homophobia and shame, illustrating the central importance for clinicians to address where shame and homophobia lie within their own internal worlds and object relationships.

Amidst the Transforming Letters: The Biographical Subjectand The Biographical Hero in Józef Hen’s Ja, Michał z Montaigne...

The article analyzes the relationship between the biographical subject and the biographical hero in JózefHen’s novel Ja, Michał z Montaigne... (I, Michel de Montaigne...), demonstrating how the author incorporateshimself into the narrative of the French essayist’s life. The work highlights the duality of identity,where the thoughts of Montaigne and Hen intertwine, creating a shared narrative. Historical and literarycontexts help shape the character of Montaigne, and so do contemporary psychoanalytic theories. Henfi ctionalizes the biography, creating a space for the refl ection on subjectivity and authenticity in biographicalliterature, and his creative process opens up a dialogue between the author and his subject.

Symbolic Collapse and Psychological Descent in King Lear: A Psychoanalytic Exploration of Transformation and Abjection

This research paper delves into King Lear through psychoanalytic lenses, examining themes of transformation, abjection, and the tension between symbolic and semiotic forces. Central to the analysis is Lear's quest for unconditional love, revealing his internal conflicts and repressed fears. The dynamic between Lear’s desire for flattery from Goneril and Regan, and Cordelia’s restrained yet genuine affection, illustrates his struggle with authority and vulnerability. Key psychoanalytic theories, including Pauncz's "Lear Complex," Freud's Elektra Complex, and Kristeva's theory of the abject, are applied to analyze Lear's psychological descent. The storm symbolizes the collapse of Lear's symbolic identity, while Cordelia’s return offers temporary solace but also underscores the cost of Lear’s flawed pursuit of love. This study illuminates how Shakespeare masterfully explores the complexities of human psychology, deepening our understanding of his characters' internal struggles.

Freud's 1926 conjecture is confirmed: evidence from the dorsal periaqueductal gray in mice that human psychological defense against internal instinctual threat evolved from animal motor defense against external predatory threat.

In 1926, Freud famously conjectured that the human ego defense of repression against an internal instinctual threat evolved from the animal motor defense of flight from an external predatory threat. Studies over the past 50 years mainly in rodents have investigated the neurobiology of the fight-or-flight reflex to external threats, which activates the emergency alarm system in the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG), the malfunction of which appears likely in panic and post-traumatic stress disorders, but perhaps also in some "non-emergent" conditions like social anxiety and "hysterical" conversion disorder. Computational neuroscience studies in mice by Reis and colleagues have revealed unprecedented insights into the dPAG-related neural mechanisms underlying these evolutionarily honed emergency vertebrate defensive functions (e.g., explore, risk assessment, escape, freeze). A psychoanalytic interpretation of the Reis studies demonstrates that Freud's 1926 conjecture is confirmed, and that internal instinctual threats alone can also set off the dPAG emergency alarm system, which is regulated by 5-HT1A and CRF-1 receptors. Consistent with current psychoanalytic and neurobiologic theories of panic, several other of the primitive components of the dPAG alarm system may also have relevance for understanding of the unconscious determinants of impaired object relationships (e.g., avoidance distance). These dPAG findings reveal (1) a process of "evolution in situ," whereby a more sophisticated dPAG ego defense is seen evolving out of a more primitive dPAG motor defense, (2) a dPAG location for the phylogenetically ancient kernel of Freud's Ego and Id, and (3) a Conscious Id theory that has been conclusively invalidated.

Addictive Behavior of Online Slot Game Players Psychoanalytic Perspective

One of the deviant acts that often occur and disturb the community is gambling. The act of gambling arises because of unstable conditions both in terms of religion, economy and morals. This study aims to determine the form or form of personality of online slot game players, especially among the community. In this study, the authors used a research method conducted with a qualitative. Based on the results of interviews with informants who play online slot games, it shows that they started playing online slot games through the scope of friendship or association. As a result, online slot games have become popular among the surrounding community. Even the players themselves realize that what they are doing is wrong and deviates from the norms of society. By using Freud's Psychoanalysis theory, there are 3 elements that influence human personality, namely Id, Ego and Superego. The element that has the most influence on the personality of online slot game players is Id. It can be concluded that the internet has an important role in the development of online gambling which affects individual personalities as well as the lives of society as a whole.

THE CATEGORY OF THE “OTHER” IN THE AXIOLOGY OF CONTEMPORARY LITERARY FAIRY TALES OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article examines various aspects of the discourse of the "Other" through the lens of psychoanalytic, decolonial, and ecological theories. The leitmotif mythologem of the initiation and the accompanying archetypal dichotomy of "self/other" in the literary fairy tale implies the actualization of the discourse of the "Other." The encounter with the "Other" represents a fundamental ethical event for each individual. Understanding being begins with ethical responsibility towards the "Other." The "Other" is also essential for the self-knowledge of the subject (successful completion of the initiation stage). Moreover, the "Other" plays a key role in the formation of the human subject through the symbolic order of language and culture. The main focus is on analyzing the motif of encountering otherness, which is key to understanding the ethical and existential transformation of fairy tale characters. The study integrates multidisciplinary perspectives, including Lacanian psychoanalytic theory, decolonial literary studies, feminist literary criticism, and ecological philosophy. Lacan's theory defines the "Other" as central to subjectivity; the decolonial approach explores the suppression of marginalized voices, while feminist criticism deconstructs patriarchal norms defining women as the "Other." Ecophilosophy extends the category of the "Other" to natural phenomena, reflecting a pantheistic worldview where all living beings have value. The authors conclude that contemporary Kazakh literary fairy tales demonstrate the deconstruction of traditional negative hierarchies through integrating ecological sensitivity and anti-power discourse. These categories emphasize a shift from an object paradigm to a subject paradigm, recognizing nature and people as active subjects of being. Thus, the Kazakh literary fairy tale, by actualizing the discourse of the "Other," significantly contributes to forming a contemporary axiological worldview, promoting a critical rethinking of negative hierarchies. This allows overcoming various forms of oppression and inequality, contributing to creating a just and inclusive society.