Psychic Activity Research Articles

The Psychosocial Impacts of Racism on the Development of Black Brazilian Adolescents: Dialogues Based on Vigotski's Historical-Cultural Clinical Psychology

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the psychosocial implications of racism in the development of black Brazilian adolescents, with the aim of contributing to the construction of theoretical and practical foundations for the work of the cultural-historical clinical psychologist. Theoretical Framework: This study is based on the Historical-Cultural Psychology of L. S. Vigostki, a Soviet psychologist, and more specifically on the problematizations of Historical-Cultural Clinical Psychology, as well as on discussions and research into Ethnic-Racial Studies. Method: This is an exploratory study and, more specifically, it was constructed using a Narrative Literature Review, using theoretical and bibliographical references and the research experience in cultural-historical clinical psychology of the Laboratory for the Study of Subjectivity and Mental Health (LADES-UECE) to reflect on the bases for the work of the cultural-historical clinical psychologist with black adolescents. Results and Discussion: The results show that the experience of racism has profound psychosocial impacts on the psychic dynamics of black adolescents, with three main consequences for the formation of their personality: 1) dysfunctionalization of the cognition-affect unit; 2) disarticulation in the psychological function of concept formation; and, finally, 3) disorganization in the psychic activity of black adolescents. In addition, the results point to the weakness in the training of the cultural-historical clinical psychologist in terms of understanding what racism is, what its impacts are on the psychic development of the black individual, as well as the ability to manage these impacts. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are that it provides fundamental directions for the work of the cultural-historical clinical psychologist, both on a theoretical level - addressing the construction of clinical reasoning in a psychological approach without much systematization in Brazil - and on a practical level - signaling intervention and management strategies in the face of psychological problems faced by black people in Brazil, especially black adolescents. Originality/Value: In an original and unprecedented way, this study contributes to the literature in the field of historical-cultural clinical psychology, which is at the beginning of its construction in Brazil. Furthermore, from an ethical-political point of view, the study calls for cultural-historical clinical psychologists to carry out clinical practice in accordance with the philosophical-epistemological foundations of Vygotsky's psychology.

Субъективность сознания как возможное теоретическое обоснование психологического формирующего контекста у детей в сниженном сознании (Formative context in disorders of сonsciousness, FcDоC)

<p><strong>Relevance. </strong>Currently, the issue of restoring consciousness after severe brain injury is a very acute one.<strong> Purpose. </strong>To present a new practical psychological technique, based on modern theoretical concepts of consciousness — Formative context in disorders of consciousness (FcDоC), which allows to dynamically change and form mental processes in decreased consciousness in children after severe brain injury.<strong> Material and methods</strong>. 4 children (aged 5-10 y.o.) with decreased level of consciousness after severe traumatic brain injury were enrolled in the pilot study at early stages of rehabilitation. Each child was shown a video about him/her which was shot a few days earlier. The film was accompanied by psychological comments, and child's reactions were simultaneously video recorded. Results were assessed with quantitative (SCAB) and qualitative techniques (visual observation, video recording).<strong> Results. </strong>All children demonstrated an emotional response after watching the film; there were marked positive changes in their psychic activity (less latent response time, better emotional and motor reactions).<strong> Conclusion. </strong>A new technique of psychological work with children in lowered level of consciousness after brain injury, which allows to form and restore child's mental capabilities, has been called «Formative context in disorders of consciousness (FcDоC)». The present study combines theoretical prerequisites of new knowledge on human consciousness formation with true practical experience.</p>

Problems of the lower soul in Plotinus: Defining its powers and its origin

AbstractAlthough there is no real distinction in the soul in the metaphysics of Plotinus, discussing the activities of the individual souls, he does distinguish between higher and lower soul. Reading the Enneads, however, we face at least two major problems concerning the two kinds of soul. (i) Given that Plotinus uses the faculty psychology as well, how can we establish the border between the two kinds of soul in respect of the psychic powers? (ii) Some texts tell us that the lower soul stems from the higher soul, while others trace back to the World Soul. Does Plotinus necessarily have an inconsistent view on the lower soul's origin, or can we reconcile the two views somehow? First, I will present these two issues in more detail and their two main interpretations. Then, I am going to analyse passages of various topics, such as the emergence of desire (IV. 4 [28] 20), the possible extent of purification (I. 2 [19] 5), and the effect of magic on the soul (IV. 4 [28] 43–44). I shall argue that the crucial difference between the two kinds of soul is the ability to make free choices, which allows us to distinguish them in terms of psychic activities. On the basis of this, I intend to show that the lower soul does not originate from the World Soul strictly speaking. Instead, Plotinus uses this claim to demonstrate that certain aspects of us, including some psychic activities as well as moral character and practical life in general, cannot be under our rational control entirely, but they are subjected to the necessity of the cosmos.

Freudian psychic apparatus and Luria's functional units: exploring intersections.

Introduction. In this paper, we aim to point out that Freudian concepts such as the id, ego, and superego may find equivalents in neuroanatomy/neurobiology. To this end, we explore the possible intersections between Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theoretical model and neurologist Alexander Luria's model of functional units. Although Freud distanced himself from the strictly localizationist neurological perspective of brain functions, his notions of the mind as a dynamic phenomenon persist and continue to inspire discussions in the field of neuroscience. Method. We establish a parallel between Freud's structural and dynamic model and Luria's model of functional units, highlighting the complex relationship between the id, ego, superego, and the neurological framework. Results. We emphasize that, although precise locations for these structures may be elusive, a systemic neuroscientific approach to psychic activity aligns with Freud's vision. Additionally, we explore the genetic and neurobiological dimensions of Freud's proposal and discuss how these elements could lead to a deeper understanding of neuropsychic structures. We argue that the distinction between the id and its differentiated structures remains nebulous, and that the id may have roots in brain regions governing basic survival, with origins in genetic inheritance. Conclusion. This paper does not provide definitive answers but aims to contribute to the complex relationship between Freudian psychoanalysis and neurobiology. We emphasize the imperative need for future investigations, particularly employing a microscopic/reductionist approach to neuropsychic differentiation.

Spinoza’s Doctrine of Affect in Cultural-Historical Psychology

Spinoza regarded life as an active play of affects, and human freedom as the taming of passions by means of the concepts of reason. Following him, Lev Vygotsky treats affect as the alpha and omega of mental development. The key theme of Vygotsky’s last manuscripts is the same as in Spinoza’s The Ethics: man’s path to freedom via the reasonable mastery of his affects. Vygotsky defines freedom as the affect in the concept; in the last years of his life, he investigated the processes of synthesis of emotional and intellectual forms in the child’s psychical development. Following Spinoza, Vygotsky defines affect as a dynamogenic state of the body, increasing or decreasing its capacity for action. Thus, affect acts as the intrinsic driving force behind the behaviour of all living beings. In the Spinozist view, psychology is the science about production of affects in the process of object-oriented activity and about exchange of affects in the process of communication of living beings. Vygotsky did not have time to carry out his project of the new psychology of man, and his successors refused or failed to continue this work. Aleksey Leontiev, Vygotsky’s closest disciple and associate, denounced his turn to Spinoza and returned to the phenomenological treatment of affect as a form of experiencing activity. As a consequence, Vygotsky’s problem of the relation between affect and intellect proved to be unsolvable. The philosopher Evald Ilyenkov, who adhered to the Vygotsky school, linked the beginning of psychical activity to the formation of images of the external world, losing sight of affect and, thus, of the problem of freedom as understood by Spinoza. Resuming Vygotsky’s apex psychological project and studying the evolution of the psyche, based on the concept of freedom as the active mastery of human affects and communication relationships, form two growth points of cultural-historical psychology.

The Paperboy: The Dramaturgy of Development in Loewaldian-Relational Discourse

In this paper, the authors present a reading of Loewald’s developmental and clinical thinking from a relational-developmental perspective, illustrating their ideas through the case of an 11-year-old boy presenting with quasi-psychotic symptoms. The paper explores Loewald’s developmental narrative as entailing an implicit view of the self as a relational matrix comprised of both time and space; an open, ever-expanding relational system within a shared psychic field, wherein time is a central psychic activity. The authors trace Loewaldian development as a movement toward greater organization of two inherently interlinked layers of experience, the primordial oceanic oneness (merger) and differentiated reality (separateness), each related to its own form of fundamental anxiety: engulfment and castration, respectively. Through the clinical material, these layers of experience are also discussed in relation to Loewald’s notion of language. The elements of Loewald’s developmental theory are discussed as preceding and inspiring subsequent relational thinking. Loewald, they contend, situates therapeutic action within the metaphor of theater. Drawing on his emphasis on the analyst’s role as a “director,” and his key concept of linking as well as his formulation of the functions of “transference” (being-with) and “differential” (being-ahead-of), the authors also reconceptualize two crucial theatrical roles performed in the analytic field: “merging actor” and “dramaturg.” These two critical, mutually-informing roles are demonstrated through the clinical material.

Patients’ and staff’s experiences of Well-Track physical activity and sleep quality intervention in an Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) service

ABSTRACT Objective Individuals, who experience psychosis are found to have worse fitness levels, are less likely to be physically active, and experience greater sleep problems than the general population. The aim of this research was to examine the Well-Track psychical activity and sleep quality intervention which addresses these issues; it comprises using a Fitbit, motivational interviewing, goal identification and setting, exercise and sleep hygiene advice and feedback sessions with staff working in an Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) service. Method This qualitative study examined patients’ and staff’s experiences of Well-Track. Semi-structured interviews with thirteen patients and five staff were analysed using thematic analysis based on a structure-process-outcome framework. Results Key elements of the structure comprise supportive staff and the use of a wearable device (Fitbit). Process themes included the implementation of a multifaceted framework, setting realistic goals and a personal recovery process. Outcomes identified were knowledge (about exercise and sleep), implementation of action-orientated behaviours and improvements in well-being. Discussion Effective sleep and engagement with physical activity and exercise are important for the well-being and mental and physical health of EIP service patients and facilitating this can be achieved through Well-Track which comprises evidenced components to promote behaviour change. EIP services can implement Well-Track to meet service goals related to reducing weight gain, improving well-being, improving physical activity and enabling better self-management and healthier lifestyles.

PRE-SCIENTIFIC AND SCIENTIFIC THEORIES OF HUMAN DREAM: AN AFRICAN PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

The concept and attitude towards human dream and what it means, mutates between the prescientific and scientific views. The pre-scientific view, basically, believes that dreams are possible channels by which God talks to humans. On the other hand, the scientific view, in general, holds that dreams are purely human psychic activity with no relation whatsoever to divine messages. The question is; what about African philosophical perspectives? This paper hypothesizes that while most African traditional societies embrace the pre-scientific view of dreams, African philosophy is much more complex in regards to the concept of dreams. This is because; African philosophy embraces some elements of the pre-scientific as well as the scientific views. Centrally, African philosophical perspective is based on African ontology, which underscores the ontological relationship between beings. In this ontology, humans are related to God, ancestors, nature, and fellow humans. Dreams can only be understood from this perspective. Thus, African philosophy does not insulate divine interventions from human dreams and as well incorporates human mental consciousness.

Aristotle on Intensity

The role of intensity in Aristotelian philosophy is obscure. The problem has historically been approached through his logic and categorical sense of motion. Scholars have largely failed to consider the role of intensity in psychology and ethics, the consideration of which greatly clarifies the situation. To this end, I identify three types of intensity present in the corpus Aristotelicum: comparative, modal, inceptive. I show that the intensity of physical contraries is primary in nature but is different from those found in organic processes. I then show that the intensifications found in life, produced by the soul, are of paramount importance to Aristotle’s philosophy. Inceptive intensity is the backbone of psychical activities: concoction, sensation, pleasure, perception, effort, attention, and self-awareness. I outline two essential characteristics of these intensifications: (1) they imply an intransitive causality that is intrinsic to the entity’s nature or form; (2) that they involve an interaction of many parts which mutually amplify each other so that the whole is beyond (irreducible to) the totality of the parts. I end by comparing Aristotle’s views on intensity to contemporary ideas of emergence: feedback, holism, intentionality, and supervenience.

HUBUNGAN GANGGUAN MENSTRUASI DENGAN INDEKS MASA TUBUH (IMT) PADA SISWI SMP KARYA IBU PALEMBANG TAHUN 2019

Melnstrulation is a blelelding from thel ultelruls that occulrs pelriodically and cyclic. Caulsels of melnstrulal disordelr dulel to biologic and patalogic disordelr. Othelrs factors affelcting melnstrulal disordelr incluldel strelss, nultrition statuls, agel, and physical activity. Thelrel is a hormonal imbalancel, an immatulrel relprodulctivel delvicel and a p psychic activity. Thelrel is a still morel pronel to occulr in youlng womeln so that melnstrulal disordelr arel morel commonly elxpelrielnceld (Kulsmiran, 2014). Thel pulrposel of thel relselarch was to know thel correllation of melnstrulation disordelr with thel (BMI) on girl stuldelnts at Karya Ibul julnior high school Palelmbang in 2019. Relselarch analytic was ulsing a cross selctional approach. Samplels ulseld as many 85 girls, sampling telchniqulels ulsing total sampling telchniqulels. Statistical telst of chi-sqularel with a significant of α = 0,05. Thel relsullts of thel stuldy of 85 stuldelnts, which bellongs to thel catelgory of thin BMI 27 stuldelnts elxpelrielnceld melnstrulal disordelr as many as 21 stuldelnts (77,8%), BMI catelgory of obelsity as many as 7 stuldelnts (85,7%), sulffelreld 6 felmalel melnstrulal disordelr (85,7%), thel normal BMI catelgory of 51 stuldelnts elxpelrielncing 19 melnstrulal disordelr (37,3%). Chi-sqularel statistical telst relsullts obtaineld a p-valulel = 0,001 valulel of lelss than α = 0,05 (p-valulel ≤ α). From thel stuldy, thelrel is a melaningfull significant of melnstrulal disordelr and thel (BMI) on girl stuldelnts at Karya Ibul julnior high school Palelmbang in 2019.

Physical activity of patients with chronic kidney disease

Introduction: The main causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are diabetic and hypertensive nephropathy. The incidence of civilization diseases is increasing, which also indirectly affects the increase in the incidence of CKD. The patient's therapy after the diagnosis should include the care of a multi-specialist therapeutic team that will remove as many restrictions as possible in everyday functioning and ensure a high quality of life. In addition to the selection of individual renal replacement therapy, i.a. physical rehabilitation. Despite the fact that in the course of chronic kidney disease physical activity is impaired by numerous pathophysiological processes, the patient should be encouraged to undertake physical activity in order to reduce the risk of death due to cardiovascular diseases, as well as to eliminate many other adverse health effects of the disease. The following paper aims to analyze the impact of physical activity on CKD patients and the pathophysiological causes of low physical activity in this group of patients and the possibility of implementing rehabilitation as an element of comprehensive therapy.
 Aim of the study: To review the current literature on the physical activity of patients with chronic kidney disease
 Materials and Methods: A review of the publications available in PubMed, using the key words „chronic kidney disease”, „psychical activity in chronic kidney disease”, physical activity”, „kidney failure”, „dialysis”, „renal rehabilitation”, „quality of life”

The Elderly Knowledge Improvement of Balanced Nutrition in Patangpuluhan, Yogyakarta

Background Elderly is a vulnerable group to body function impairment and diseases. Although these conditions are considered a normal result of the aging process, the elderly's health level should be maintained. The application of balanced diet principles is one of the ways to reduce the risk and improves the health quality of the elderly. In this regard, the education program about balanced diet principles to enhance the group's knowledge is essential to support a healthier lifestyle for the elderly.Objective. This education program aimed to improve the elderly group's knowledge in this area of balanced nutrition to maintain the elderly health state. Results. There were 30 participants, with majority of the participants was women (90%). The results of pre and post-test show that there was 17 points increment in participants' knowledge (21%) compared to the pre-test score. Question topics that got the two highest score improvements were the duration of psychical activity and the purine-contains food groups (21,7 points). Conclusion This education program could raise elderly knowledge of balanced nutrition and this kind of program is recommended to be applied on a regular basis based on the elderly need for health and nutrition-related information. The male elderly also has to be encouraged to actively involves in the community-based education to improve their knowledge of elderly health.

Il lato oscuro della ragione: sogno e follia in Kant, Hegel e Goya

Interest in dream and madness, conceived as the loss of a world shared with others, and the individual’s entry into a private world governed by a personal logic unrelated to the waking state and to common feeling, recurs in at least three of Kant’s works: Essay on the Diseases of the Head, (1764), Dreams of a Spirit-Seer (1766), and Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View (1798). Hegel too, from an early age, showed a strong fascination and a precocious interest in psychopathological matters (states of altered consciousness, prophetic dreams, somnambulism, catalepsy, witchcraft etc.) to which he devoted intriguing reflections in various works from different periods: from the Berne Ms Philosophy of Subjective Spirit (1794/95) to the Phenomenology (1807), from the Philosophical Propaedeutics (1808ff.) to the Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences (18303). Starting from the remarks of the two philosophers, this paper aims to underline the conceptual links between their thought and that of some renowned psychologists and psychiatrists of the 1800s-1900s (Pinel, Janet, Adler, James, Binswanger, Freud et al.). On the other hand, the paper also seeks to show – within the framework of an idea of reason dating back to Heraclitus (about 544/483 B.C.) – some murky motifs, not always adequately emphasized in the past, found in the figurative and literary works of the late 1700s (e.g. Fuseli’s The Nightmare, Coleridge’s The Rhyme of the Ancient Mariner, and, in particular, plate Nr. 43 of the Caprichos by Goya, El sueño de la razón produce monstruos), where there emerges a «dark side» of psychic activity emblematically described as the cryptic relationship between dream and madness.

Speech acts and Russian text-generating discourse

The relevance of the study is determined by the hidden turbulence of such concepts often used in Russian studies as “speech activity”, “speech acts” and “discourse”. The aim of the work is to determine the genetic connections of this trinity and the functional purpose of each of the categories under consideration. The main research means is the authors’ method of discursive-modus analysis of artistic speech. The research materials were dictionary definitions from explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, in particular from “Dictionary of expressive stable phrases of the Russian language” compiled by V.Ju. Melikyan, as well as utterances extracted from the Russian National Corpus. The authors found that the communicative-speech act is a synergistic combination of mental-psychic and speech activity. Mental-psychic activity involves mental acts - the thought processes of the communicant at the moment of his locative readiness to make a statement and psychic activity of searching for adequate ways to reflect a communicatively significant event in the discursive consciousness of the communicants. Mental-psychic activity encodes and decodes the semantic content of the author's intentions with the help of the means of the language system. Speech activity produces speech acts - functional units of speech communication embodying a purposeful speech action. In conclusion, the categorical essence of the speech act and discourse are generalized. The perspective of the research is the development of a cognitive-pragmatic theory of speech-thinking activity based on the material of the Russian language.

Metapsychy's border: Henri Piéron's (1881–1964) role as the gatekeeper of French psychology

Metapsychy, or metapsychics, is the French science known in English-speaking countries as parapsychology or psychical research. As Régine Plas has shown, the ‘psychic’ phenomena were among the first subjects of psychological inquiry. Like many of his colleagues, Henri Piéron began his career researching apparent telepathic phenomena, and in collaboration with Nicolae Vaschide explained them in terms of an ‘intellectual parallelism’. From 1913 onward, Piéron developed the ‘Métapsychie’ section of L’année psychologique, where he used his critical skills to sometimes foster and sometimes discourage this field of research. In the background to these events was the issue of metapsychy's place within the field of psychology, a field on which Piéron had himself helped to confer institutional and professional status. The growing disparity between metapsychy and psychology suggested a distinct demarcation between the two disciplines, with Piéron zealously fulfilling a missionary role as one of several gatekeepers. While open to what were presented as new examples of physiologically objectified psychic activity, he never really seems to have observed anything he considered convincing and so generally suspected fraud. His interventions played a role in the emancipation/expulsion of metapsychy from the nascent field of psychology, with the advantage of increasing recognition of the epistemic authority of the latter.

THE MENTAL ORCHESTRATES THE INFORMATION ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN: FROM PHYSICAL EXISTENCE TO MENTALLY REALIZED BEING

The article is devoted to the question of the functional specificity of the mental (psyche, subjective) during the informational activity of neural networks of the brain, which have a physiological (by and large, physical) nature. The understanding of such specificity of the mental is based on the awareness of the inability of physical laws to support the biological and/or social expediency of the brain's informational activity, which it actually carries out. It is also shown that such an idea of the mental, taking into account the features that are revealed here due to its functional and, hence, causal inclusion in the processing of information in the brain, should change the conceptual foundations of psychology and make its practical applications more understandable.
 It was found that the key aspect of psychic activity is the ability of living beings to evaluate anything subjectively, that is, qualitatively (not quantitatively, like a computer). Therefore, subjective assessment is interpreted as an information processing operator in the brain, which ensures the integration of information for the purpose of creating biologically/socially appropriate mental models of the future relations of a living being with the surrounding reality. These mentally active models of the future (goals, plans, ideas) "orchestrate" (determine) the motor acts of a living being based on past experience integrated with subjective assessments in order to change the "world for the better". The functional specificity of the human psyche is also revealed, for which two new terms are introduced, namely, mono-valued psyche and multi-valued psyche. This makes it possible to describe the "mechanism" of human freedom, which unfolds, "contrary" to classical physical ideas, on the background of physical laws and through the activity of the brain. The introduced concepts make it possible to characterize a mentally active person as a living being that most effectively demonstrates causality-from-within as a factor of informational resistance to physical entropy.

The Psychic Activities of the Main Characters in the Novel Tempat Paling Sunyi by Arafat Nur

<em>This study aims to describe the psychic activity of the main character in Arafat Nur's novel </em><em>Tempat Paling Sunyi which includes cognitive symptoms, affective symptoms, and conative symptoms. This research method was a descriptive method with a qualitative research form. This study used a literary psychology approach. The source of the data for this research was the novel Tempat Paling Sunyi by Arafat Nur (2015). The data in this study were in the form of quotations (words, phrases, and sentences). Data collection techniques used direct techniques, namely documentary techniques with data collection tools, namely the researchers themselves as key instruments and data recording cards. The data analysis technique used descriptive text analysis techniques. Checking the validity of the data was done by peer checking techniques through discussion and triangulation. Based on the analysis of Arafat Nur's novel of Tempat Paling Sunyi, it can be concluded that the cognitive symptoms in the novel of Tempat Paling Sunyi are attention, observation, response, fantasy, thought, memory, intuition; affective symptoms in the novel of Tempat Paling Sunyi are feelings, affect and stemming, moods; conative symptoms in the novel of Tempat Paling Sunyi are automatism, reflex, instinct, lust, desire, desire.</em>

Spinoza’s Doctrine of Affect in Cultural-Historical Psychology

Spinoza regarded life as an active play of affects, and human freedom as the taming of passions by means of the concepts of reason. Following him, Lev Vygotsky treats affect as the alpha and omega of mental development. The key theme of Vygotsky’s last manuscripts is the same as in Spinoza’s Ethics: man’s path to freedom via the reasonable mastery of his affects. Vygotsky defines freedom as the affect in the concept; in the last years of his life, he investigates the processes of synthesis of emotional and intellectual forms in a child’s psychical development. Following Spinoza, Vygotsky defines affect as a dynamogenic state of the body, increasing or decreasing its capacity for action. Thus, affect acts as the intrinsic driving force behind the behaviour of all living beings. In the Spinozist view, psychology is the science about production of affects in the process of objectoriented activity and about exchange of affects in the process of communication of living beings. Vygotsky did not have time to carry out his project of the new psychology of man, and his successors refused or failed to continue this work. Aleksey Leontiev, Vygotsky’s closest disciple and associate, denounced his turn to Spinoza and returned to the phenomenological treatment of affect as a form of experiencing activity. As a consequence, Vygotsky’s problem of the relation between affect and intellect proved to be unsolvable. The philosopher Evald Ilyenkov, who adhered to the Vygotsky school, linked the beginning of psychical activity to the formation of images of the external world, losing sight of affect and, thus, of the problem of freedom as understood by Spinoza. Resuming of L. S. Vygotsky’s height psychology project and studying the evolution of the psyche, based on the concept of freedom as the active mastery of human affects and communication relationships, form two growth points of cultural-historical psychology.

Effects of a brief psychodynamic intervention on depressive patients. The “unfreezing” of psychic activity

IntroductionWhile psychotherapy is an essential aspect of the treatment of depression, there are few studies focusing on the effectiveness of psychoanalytic and psychodynamic group therapies for depressed patients.ObjectivesIn this presentation, we will study the effects of a brief, 4-session psychodynamic intervention (BPI) led by a group of therapists, as inspired by the Lausanne model.MethodsThe patients were recruited in a therapeutic setting. A free consent form was completed and the ethics of research explained to each participant. Our sample consisted of 32 patients (average age = 43.81 years, sex ratio: 1M/ 4F). The therapists gathered data by completing several assessment scales after each therapy session: MADRS, ESM, EFP, HAQ-IT, EDICODE, Counter-Transfer Scale. The SPPS software (V21) was used to analyze the data.ResultsThe patients’ mean MADRS score dropped by more than 11 after the four sessions. This improvement matches a more positive and committed self-reported counter-transference of the therapists towards the patients. As their insight increases, patients show greater behavioral and psychic activity. We name this exit of the depressive inhibition the “unfreezing” process. It enables more satisfactory human interactions and a more focused and structured self-narrative.ConclusionsBPI led by a group of therapists seem to be an effective therapeutic adjuvant in the “unfreezing” of the psychic processes in depressive patients. Our results point out the importance of jointly aiming at symptomatic improvement and therapeutic alliance.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

APPLICATION OF JEAN PIAGET'S COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

Learning is generally a mental or psychic activity carried out by a person so that it causes changes in behavior that are different between after learning and before learning. Learning according to cognitive theory is a business process that involves mental activities that occur in humans as a result of the process of active interaction with the environment to obtain a change in the form of knowledge, understanding, behavior, skills and attitude values ​​that are relativ and have scars. By understanding cognitive learning theory, teachers will be able to provide learning and facilitate children's learning in a more focused and appropriate manner in accordance with the child's developmental stage. In Jean Piaget's cognitive theory, early childhood enters the first two stages of development, namely the sensorimotor stage and the pre-operational stage. This paper uses the Systemic Literature Review method, which is a method of collecting literature related to the topic of the problem being studied, both from journals, books and other sources relevant to the research topic.