Psychic Processes Research Articles

Effets de l’Intervention Psychodynamique Brève en groupe de thérapeutes sur la dépression aiguë. Le rôle du « dégel » de l’activité psychique

Context and objectiveDepression is a major public health problem, for the treatment of which psychodynamic psychotherapies are receiving renewed interest. However, there are still few studies focusing on the effectiveness of psychoanalytic and psychodynamic group therapies for depressed patients. In this article, we will shed a light on the determinants of the effectiveness of a brief, 4-session psychodynamic intervention (BPI) led by a group of therapists, as inspired by the Lausanne model, on the symptomatology and experience of patients in acute depressive crisis. Material and methodsThe patients who accepted to participate in this research were interviewed in a therapeutic setting. The participants, all mental health users most of them (88%) not hospitalized, were informed of the research and consented to it using a free and informed consent form. Our sample consisted of 32 patients with an average age of 43.81years and a sex ratio of one man for every four women. The therapists involved gathered data by completing several hetero-questionnaires after each therapy session: MADRS, ESM, EFP, HAQ-IT, EDICODE, Counter-Transfer Scale. The SPPS software (V21) was used to analyze the data. ResultsThe MADRS score dropped by more than 11 points after the four sessions. The depressive symptomatic intensity therefore decreases significantly after the brief psychodynamic intervention. Patients still suffer with severe depression, as evaluated with a Beck scale, but the decrease of more than nearly two standard deviations indicate substantial improvement after four sessions. This improvement also corresponds to a more positive and committed self-reported countertransference of the therapists’ towards the patients. DiscussionInsight increases in patients who have been treated by group BPI sessions. They also show greater behavioral and psychic activity. This effect could be linked to a particular mechanism that we will call “unfreezing”, which allows the patient to regain sufficient capacities of psychic elaboration, insight, interhuman communication (affective, relational and psychic) to go forward in his own life. We define the unfreezing as the exit of the depressive inhibition following the sharp increase of the patients’ insight, as allowed by the group BPI, which focuses on the discourse and the lived experience of the patient. The unfreezing can be seen in that (1) Though the patient is not completely autonomous, he reports greater activity and more satisfactory human interactions. (2) His speech is more focused and structured, as opposed to the major intellectual inhibition and abulia characteristic of depressive crises. Limitations and conclusionsThe validity of a consensus between therapists could be called into question because of the weight of countertransference when dealing with patients in acute depressive crisis. However, the BPI system in a group of therapists seems to be an effective therapeutic aid in the “unfreezing” of the psychic processes in depressive patients. Our results point out the importance of jointly aiming at symptomatic improvement and therapeutic alliance, focusing not only on the symptoms, but more specifically on the patient's psychic dynamics.

Neuropsychology of the frontal lobe and III functional brain unit: A Luria’s studies and perspectives for the clinic approach

The russian Alexander Romanovich Luria, commonly credited as the father of modern neuropsychology, was responsible for the greater understanding of human psychic and behavioral processes. Through studies on brain injuries, Luria tried to generate an integrative and logical theory for brain functions, in other words, to develop further technical studies on mental functions. To this end, he divides the general brain activities into three units, the first having the function of maintaining surveillance, the second being responsible for obtaining, processing, integrating and storing the information provided by the environment, and the third unit is responsible to plan, execute and direct the pattern of human behavior. Thus, the aim of this study is to review the frontal lobe (FL) neuropsychology and to associate it with the third functional unit of Luria. The references of the book "The Working Brain" were used. In the end, it was possible to conclude from Luria's conceptions that the third functional unit is responsible for the stimuli synthesis, preparation for action, program constructions, verification of the activity’s ways, generation of activation process linked to the most complex conscious actions and a speech collaboration.

Оценка запаса лексических единиц в связном высказывании детей дошкольного возраста с задержкой психического развития

The paper summarizes results of experimental studies on verbal and cogitative activity of pre-schoolers with special educational needs (mental retardation). Experiments were carried out to assess lexical richness in pre-schoolers’ spontaneous speech. The article presents theoretical foundations of studies on pre-schoolers’ lexical competence, analyses results of studying verbal and cogitative activity of this category of pre-schoolers. Scientific originality of the research involves developing online assessment methodology to evaluate lexical richness in spontaneous speech of pre-schoolers with mental retardation. The research findings are as follows: qualitative and quantitative analysis of speech development in preschool children with mental retardation allows deeper understanding of their verbal and non-verbal psychic processes, specificity of their communicative development.

Descriptive and analytical psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey as theoretical source of phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl

The article contains the critical reconstruction of descriptive and analytical psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey and its influence on the phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl. Dilthey describes three fundamental features of intrinsic psychic life, which make it different from external physical world: 1. Immediacy — psychic life is directly perceived as intrinsic process; physical world is indirectly perceived as external reality. 2. Connection — psychic life is organic connection of interrelated experiences, physical world is conglomeration of the separate facts. 3. Value — psychic experiences use to have the value to us, physical facts can be irrelevant to us. According to Dilthey descriptive and analytic psychology is possible since the psychic life is directly given as organic connection of experiences, which have a special value. The main method of psychology should be description of the psychic experience. Dilthey sketches out three main direction of this description: 1. Description of the main types of the psychic processes. 2. Description of the main connections of the human experiences. 3. Description of the special parts of the human experiences. On one hand, the phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl is grounded on the descriptive and analytic psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey. On another hand, Husserl criticizes some crucial points of Dilthey’s conception. First of all the founder of phenomenology and phenomenological psychology points out the connection of the notions “understanding” and “induction” in the psychological conception of Wilhelm Dilthey. On the contrary, according to Husserl the method of understanding should be based on the concept of intuition, which plays an important role in his phenomenological project.

Modalités d’attachement et maternité : étude des remaniements psychiques à partir d’un cas

This article shows the first results of a research about variations of attachment in ante and postnatal period, carried out on a population of first-time mothers, in a Regional University Hospital Center. Motherhood, perceived in our society as a source of fulfillment, results from complex and delicate psychic processes. The attachment style was first conceived as an individual datum, constant throughout life. However, it could vary. We hypothesize its variation during this period. We also introduce a reflection around concepts of styles and strategies of attachment. We followed first-time mothers from the third month of pregnancy to the sixth month postpartum. We present the results of a case representative of our study population. Attachment is observed in four steps of measurements using a semi-structured research interview that allows for case analysis and Bartholomew's self-administered Relationship Scale Questionnaire (RSQ). We present a case study to accurately reconstruct the transformations of motherhood in the life of a woman. We propose hypotheses on the large variations in the model of self and others during motherhood.

«La perfida bestia, si capisce, è la coscienza, colla sua brigata». Tommaso Landolfi nelle regioni dell’indicibile

The present essay aims at examining Landolfi’s poetics at the intersection of the anthropology of Levy-Bruhl, whose concepts of “primitive mentality”, mystical participation of essences and “pre-logic” he embraced, and of the organisation of unconscious psychic processes described by Freud. Through the idea of “primitive mentality”, Landolfi, who was generally reticent toward the ‘talking cure’, seemed to approach a psychoanalysis understood as the practice of regression, which implies leaving aside the position of a conscious subject in order to return to the primitive elements that give structure to the psyche. It is specifically through his choice to materialize the unspeakable that Landolfi placed himself at the intersection of the animistic-anthropological and the psychoanalytic approach: in view of the interdependence between physical and spiritual reality and of the separation of man from the animality in which it is rooted, any determination that is ‘different’, alien to those who discover it (the unspeakable, the impulses, the phobias, the obsessions, the anxieties, etc.) transforms, in Landolfi’s works, into a tangible reality that takes the name and shape of a “beast”.

Establishing a therapeutic relationship: An initial stake in psychotherapy with young psychotic adults

ABSTRACT Although psychosis and psychoanalysis have been closely linked since the earliest Freudian theories, the psychoanalytic treatment of psychotic states still presents major difficulties. The establishment of a therapeutic situation allowing the deployment of psychic work is still uncertain. The resumption of the work of S. Freud and DW. Winnicott associated with the development of the theorization of a metapsychology of the process of symbolization by the French school (Green, Roussillon) allows a revival of the reflection on the stakes of the establishment of the therapeutic situation. This theorization of representative processes makes it possible to consider the psychotherapeutic approach to psychoses from the angle of a “psychopathology of the psychic apparatus” and thus to model the psychic dynamics involved in psychotic problems which initially appear in a chaotic form. The apparent failure of the psychic processes, in their linking and transforming activity with which the psychotic states are confronted, can then be thought of as the seat of a particular psychic work that can provide essential support to the therapeutic work. Two cases studies illustrate these processes.

Trauma, process and representation

ABSTRACT The concept of Trauma in psychoanalysis has suffered from overuse and inconsistent use. A review of Freud's writings beginning with the Project indicates that from the perspective of the impact upon psychic processes, Freud held a more consistent view of the concept that, if recognized, can help avoid the often fruitless etiological debates of internal vs. external cause, intrinsic (drive) vs. extrinsic (reality) factors, etc. What is more helpful from a clinical perspective, is to view the various challenges that a given set of potentially trauma-inducing circumstances might pose for an individual, consider each individual's highly subjective mode of experiencing and responding to those challenges and take into account the supports offered in any instance by the specific familial, social or cultural surround. Each set of experiences that will be qualified as ‘trauma’ that any of us undergoes will to some extent be understood and integrated into our particular subjectivities according to our unique, subjective organizations of self, understandings of and position in the world.

Post-vérité, un symptôme du lien social ?

ObjectivesThis work attempts to understand, on a subjective and societal level, the psychic processes involved in the phenomenon of the emergence and proliferation of narrative constructions concerning the post-truth. MethodTaking into account the unconscious aspects that contribute to the construction of narratives and beliefs within human groups, and putting these theoretical milestones into perspective with the psychoanalytical concepts of psychic truth, construction, and the need to believe will lead us to problematize our conception of post-truth. ResultThe study of this phenomenon in the light of psychoanalytical conceptions of the delusional construction, the elaboration of religious beliefs, and constructions in analysis will lead us to understand the discursive regimes of post-truth as collective unconscious products that can give a form to nuclei of psychic truth that are not fully developed by the social. DiscussionThis interpretation of the conspiratorial phenomenon will allow us to take into account how these “alternative narratives” could solicit unconscious processes of the people who adhere to them, because the post-truth may represent a deformed and inappropriate way of expressing that which does not find a place of enunciation in shared discourses and narratives. ConclusionsAs a symptom in the social bond, this phenomenon questions the forms of failure of the work of culture and the crisis of the structures of shared meaning. This exploration reminds us of the necessity of thinking critically about our own constructions and paradigms.

Motherhood Specificities With the Rorschach Method

Abstract. Motherhood, listed by the World Health Organization as a period of fragility and vulnerability, involves significant changes at the individual, family and social level. Becoming a mother entails a number of risk factors to take into account. It is therefore necessary to carry out studies on general populations not suffering from psychopathological disorders to better understand these risk factors linked to motherhood. This study was carried out in France with a nonconsulting population in the postnatal phase ( N = 30) using the Rorschach test, as it presents numerous advantages to appreciate the psychic and corporeal transformations linked to birth. The quantitative results of the test were compared with recently updated norms ( De Tychey et al., 2012 ). Eight values of the psychogram remained normative (F%, F+%, W%, Dd%, M, C, H%, P) reflecting the characteristics of a general population; conversely, eight other values of the psychogram (R, D%, S%, A%, RC%, m, E, Anguish Index%) differed significantly from general population norms. These results increase knowledge to help appreciate the complexity of the psychic processes at work during the postnatal period, and to prevent psychopathological disorders. It is thus possible to distinguish these disorders from those that are transitory and classically linked to the upheaval caused by the onset of motherhood.

Le compagnonnage thérapeutique et ses enjeux. Un dispositif au service de la réanimation psychique

ObjectivesThis article is based on the clinical case of the psychological treatment of a 4-month-old baby in a nursery for children in residential care, using the therapeutic companion framework. The authors explore the advantages of this approach, which aims to psychologically resuscitate a subject, and share their questions about this approach. The objective is to highlight the relevance of this technique, but also to understand the paradoxes and problems inherent to its use in institutional settings. MethodFrom the hypotheses of a clinical case analysis according to the psychodynamic approach and based on observations highlighting the infant's evolution, the authors describe the psychic processes mobilized by the interaction of the therapeutic companion as a double of the subject, serving as an Auxiliary-Self and Auxiliary-Object for the patient. This approach thus makes it possible to highlight the issues, paradoxes, and difficulties of the therapeutic companion framework in a nursery within a context of extreme pathology. ResultsThe use of the therapeutic companion approach for a baby presenting significant psychological withdrawal in the context of a nursery for children in residential care allows the implementation of specific inter-subjective attunements, with a particularly precise and active work of observation, adjustment, and anticipation. Favorable to the restoration of primary bonding, it restarts the processes of subjectivation through the symbolization and introjection of a good-enough link to the object, gradually leading the subject to separate her/himself from the object in a non-traumatic way. The recourse to this type of framework and its implications lead us to think about the conditions of its exercise in an institutional setting, where the institution plays the role of the therapeutic third. DiscussionThe analysis of the clinical issues of this system at the very heart of the institution highlights the difficulties and conditions of its proper functioning. The conflict of the concerns about the placement of the child (idealization and disqualification, good treatment and abuse) shows the extent to which the institution and this approach must embody a third-party function to contain the specific relationship between the therapeutic companion and the child, and to support the development of the processes of symbolization. ConclusionThe therapeutic companion framework appears as singular, original, and particularly appropriate for children suffering from early relational traumas, allowing for a revival of the processes of subjectivation and for the emergence of desire. Nevertheless, it cannot be operational without being fully integrated within the institution and the spaces of regulation that it proposes. These elements make it possible to consider therapeutic companionship more widely as a relevant approach in clinical work with disorders of subjectivation (early and beyond), and as rich in its applications, in terms of its possible transpositions in different institutional contexts.

Approche clinique et psychopathologique du burn out : discussion à partir de la psychodynamique du travail

AimThis article aims to discuss the semiological and etiological aspects of burnout from the analysis of the psychological processes involved in the encounter with work, in particular, care work. MethodThe discussion highlights the central place of the subjective relationship to work in the genesis of disorders designated as burnout. In particular, the concepts of recognition, hyperactivity, and sublimation are discussed. ResultsThe analyses highlight the role of the psychological motivations of subjects’ engagement in work, both from an individual and also a collective point of view, and their relationship with the risk of psychopathological decompensation. DiscussionThe discussion suggests that the hyperactive subjective relationship to work might be an important intermediate link in the etiology of situations relating to burnout. Practical implications of listening to patients’ discourse about work in clinical settings are also considered. ConclusionThe elucidation of the psychopathological issues linked to burnout is based on an etiological approach that is able to take into account the nature of the suffering and the psychic processes involved in the work situation.

Racial Melancholia, Racial Dissociation: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans by David L. Eng and Shinhee Han

Reviewed by: Racial Melancholia, Racial Dissociation: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans by David L. Eng and Shinhee Han Corinne Mitsuye Sugino (bio) Racial Melancholia, Racial Dissociation: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans, by David L. Eng and Shinhee Han. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2019. 232 pp. $25.95 paperback. ISBN: 978-1-4780-0160-7. In Racial Melancholia, Racial Dissociation: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans, David L. Eng, a humanities professor, and Shinhee Han, a psychotherapist, consider how Asian Americans navigate racism, loss, and grief in the contemporary era. The book centers around two concepts in generation X and Y Asian Americans, respectively: racial melancholia and racial dissociation. While racial melancholia refers to the way racial loss is “condensed into a forfeited object whose significance must be deciphered and unraveled for its social meaning,” racial dissociation describes “histories of racial loss that are dispersed across a wide social terrain, histories whose origins and implications remain insistently diffuse and obscure” (1). Each chapter focuses on case histories involving Asian American patients and students. Drawing on critical race theory and psychoanalysis, Eng and Han consider how psychic processes [End Page 342] are embedded within a larger racialized environment, as well as how conceptions of subject-object misrecognition provide insights about racialization. They also offer critiques of both fields, contending that critical race theory frequently focuses on material inequality while leaving its connections to psychic phenomena underexplored, while psychoanalysis has “not considered adequately how the universal subject of psychoanalysis is not just a gendered (male) but a raced (white) subject” (18). Consequently, Eng and Han attend to the interplay between psychic and social processes of racialization. The first two chapters focus on racial melancholia, building on Eng and Han’s previous (2000) article, “A Dialogue on Racial Melancholia.”1 They draw on Freud’s distinction between mourning, as the ability to let go of certain objects to invest in new ones, and melancholia, as the inability to move on from a lost object. Yet rather than characterize melancholia as a pathological psychic trait, Eng and Han consider it as embedded within structures such as racism and immigration. For them, whiteness often functions as a lost object resulting in a melancholic process; many Asian Americans are socialized to identify with whiteness as an unattainable ideal. Eng and Han’s work is thus salient for thinking about the violence of assimilation. Moreover, Asian Americans often feel guilt and a burden to make up for their immigrant parents’ sacrifices. This isn’t the case for all Asian Americans, however. Because they do not have immigrant families in the United States, transnational adoptees contend with feelings of loss relating to family and national belonging differently. For example, Mina, an adoptee from Korea, “mourns the loss of her birth mother and motherland” (67) while psychically splitting her “good” white mother from her “bad” Korean mother. This demonstrates how melancholia can involve the psychic separation of good and bad objects. Eng and Han describe Mina’s healing process as one of “racial reparation” insofar as it seeks to loosen strict divisions between hate, love, and good and bad objects. Moreover, they point to the importance of considering race as a continually evolving relation rather than fixed. Eng and Han’s concept finds resonance with Jinah Kim’s work on melancholia in her 2019 book, Postcolonial Grief: The Afterlives of the Pacific Wars in the Americas.2 Kim similarly resists pathologizing melancholia as a maladaptive coping strategy, interrogating its relationship to racial power. Nevertheless, Kim’s focus remains slightly different insofar as she explores racial melancholia as an insurgent cultural force that disrupts liberal humanist frameworks for reconciliation, while Eng and Han focus on how racial melancholia impacts the way Asian Americans navigate grief, assimilation, and loss. The distinctions and overlap between these scholars thus produce productive tensions that scholars might engage with in considering the nuances of how racial melancholia impacts both macropolitical structures and personal experiences. [End Page 343] The latter half of Eng and Han’s book theorizes racial dissociation. While racial melancholia reflects a process in which one can name a lost object...

Сновидение и художественный текст

Dream and fiction are treated through a prism of creativity and creative capacity. The attempt is made to compare Freud’s method of dream’s analysis and different meth-ods of fiction analysis. The following topics are discussed: possible worlds of dreams and of fiction; correlations between literary meaning and depth meaning; between dreamer and teller in fiction; psychic processes in dreams and their correlates in literary fiction; expressive means of dreams and means in fiction; suggestive processes and language creativity.

A PSICODINÂMICA DO SOFRIMENTO, DO PRAZER E DO TRABALHO

The present investigation focuses on the idea that work can be both in the area of health and pathology, both in suffering and pleasure, being always displayed with a double role: work can be structured as it can also happen, it can cause dignity but it can also deteriorate and be alienating. This study aims to present the integration of body and mind and the search for knowledge about the causes of illness and the ways of healing. As a research methodology, we combine the technique of bibliographic review with the psychodynamics of work, which is characterized by the analysis of the psychic processes mobilized by the encounter between the subject and the impositions generated by the organization of work. We have a powerful reference for this reference to psychoanalysis. As a result of this study, it contributes to the analytical listening of suffering and to the construction and strengthening of knowledge, the causes of symptoms and the ways of healing.

O impacto do COVID-19 em famílias e o excesso como objeto pulsional

Este ensaio reflete sobre o impacto da pandemia associada ao COVID-19 em microssistemas familiares. Articula-se a incidência da pandemia enquanto evento perturbador do processamento psíquico dos indivíduos com o fenômeno de busca de um estado mental impulsionado pelo excesso, como objeto pulsional. Postula-se que a situação atual criada pelo COVID-19 constituiu um entorno disruptivo, mas não necessariamente traumático. Segundo tais considerações, sugerem-se estratégias que podem mitigar o impacto da pandemia nas relações interpessoais no contexto familiar.

Complaisance du hasard et expériences de coïncidences

ObjectivesThe questions of chance and causation were the subject of a major discord between Freud and Jung. In order to explain the strange coincidences experienced in the presence of Jung, Freud deploys the notion of “Entgegenkommen des Zufalls,” translated by the expression “complacency of chance,” and which accounts for an unprecedented psychic process. Freud makes this complacency the ultimate basis for paranoia and characterizes it by a movement of the individual towards what constitutes the symptom, with “an enormously increased attention of the unconscious” and a disappearance of causal links. Although little known, this notion refers, according to some authors, to the “fundamental projective mechanism.” Our research aims to re-mobilize this notion to account for, in a clinical research process, experiences of significant coincidences, the prevalence of which is high in the general population. MethodWe will explore the cases of four subjects who responded to an online announcement, three of whom have already been the subject of a psychiatric diagnosis. ResultsThe singular inscription of these coincidences shows their multiple psychic functions of defense, suppleance, and sublimation. DiscussionWe question the therapeutic treatment of these significant experiences of coincidence. ConclusionThe complacency of chance is a useful concept for describing the processes underlying significant experiences of coincidence.

Death-bound subjectivity: Fanon’s zone of nonbeing and the Lacanian death drive

Is there a distinctive form of political agency that emerges from the conditions of ‘death-bound subjectivity’? Fanon’s idea of the zone of nonbeing suggests that this is indeed the case. Yet there is an omission in the secondary literature on Fanon in this respect. While a renowned Fanon scholar like Lewis Gordon usefully explores how the zone can be understood as domain of ontological erasure, he typically fails to elaborate on the revolutionary potential of the concept. The nature of the psychical processes underlying this passage to revolutionary agency remains unclear. Of such agency we might ask: what is the animating factor that underlies, that drives the passionate attachment to such death-bound causes? Lacan’s reconceptualization of the death drive as ethical cause—which, to be sure, represents a dramatic departure from the original Freudian conceptualization of a ‘death instinct’—is presented here as a useful auxiliary concept to Fanon’s zone of nonbeing. With speculative reference to the ethical dimension of the Lacanian death drive as a mode of surplus life which both underlies an unceasing fidelity to a cause and delivers the subject to a zone between life and death, we are able to offer an account of the agency of radical negativity that the zone of nonbeing engenders.

TRANSLATING THE PSYCHOANALYSIS OF ORIGINS

Nicolas Abraham’s “Introducing Thalassa” contributed to the revival of Sàndor Ferenczi’s ideas in France from the 1960s and initiated a transformation in his own psychoanalytic thinking as the thalassal argument was brought into a new context. This article argues that Abraham’s work provides a pathway to not only remember, but also revitalise Ferenczi’s notion of trauma and its inscription in biological processes from events that have happened is species pre-history as well as personal history. Abraham rethinks this “biological unconscious” through a unique conception of the symbol that is inherently unstable and always responding anew to trauma it also continually reformulates. This allows us to understand the body in different terms, away from a series of biological processes to which psyche can be reduced, towards a notion of the somatic that is eloquent and unpredictable and must be translated by the psyche and any apprehending discourse. This transformation made the body relevant once more in a French context that was suspicious of its blanket positing as the cause of psychical processes. Situating the origins of subjectivity in the somatic ever-displaces causal processes in the body so that we can never quite grasp these and must search for them across different, although related, levels of meaning. The search for origins is essential but never satisfactory hence my use of translation as a frame for understanding Abraham’s work; a process that is always unfinished and invites further response.

МОНОЛОГІЧНЕ МОВЛЕННЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОМУНІКАТИВНИХ ЦІЛЕЙ ПРИ ВИВЧЕННІ НІМЕЦЬКОЇ МОВИ У СТАРИШХ КЛАСАХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ

One of important type of speech activity is examined in the article, namely monologue speech in the aspect of his value for realization of process of communication on the lesson of German. The older stage envisages the improvement of abilities of monologue speech through greater independence of students in relation to preparation and presentation of own expression. Considerable attention is spared, in particular, to the communicative functions of monologue speech, such as informing, influential, expressive, entertaining, ritually-cult. Accordingly, each of these functions has the special language means of expression of idea, corresponding psychological stimuli and aim of expression. This article accents attention on description of such basic types of monologue, as description, story, report and reflection. Although, on the face of it, description seems to be the simple type of monologue quite, in an educational process from German considerable attention is spared in establishments of universal middle education of description, as to describe an object or phenomenon quite unsimply. For this purpose it is necessary to lay hands on students corresponding language means, able to describe a certain object, specifying on his sings, internals, setting, functioning and other. Notable is that elements of description can meet both in a report and in a story. Attention is deserved by a monologue-story due to dynamic of broadcasting that, in turn, assists realization of communicative aim in the studies of German on the older stage. As a report can be both prepared and unprepared, has the capture of monologue this kind also a considerable communicative value, subject to condition, if a report answers reality and his theme opens up fully. Work with texts is effective means for a receip and working of necessary information. Important in a curriculum is such type of monologue expression, both monologue-reflection that is most difficult and requires tedious work as from the side of teacher, and from the side of students, abstracting such psychical processes of older pupils as memory, imagination, logical thinking and other. Having the communicative functions this type of monologue is effective means for a capture students by ability clearly and consistently to express the opinions. It should be noted that very often the elements of argumentation are complemented by the elements of description or report.