We have performed first-principles calculations to investigate the structural, lattice dynamics and thermodynamic properties of the zincblende thallium-V compounds: TlAs, TlP and TlN. The ground-state parameters, such as the lattice constant and the bulk modulus, as well as the electronic structure are calculated using the plane wave pseudopotential approach to density functional theory within the local density approximation. Phonon dispersion spectra are derived from the linear response to density functional theory. The present ab initio results for phonon dispersion are compared and contrasted with the common III–V materials. Thermodynamical properties, calculated using quasiharmonic approximations, are also reported.